SPT7710 8-BIT, 150 MSPS, FLASH A/D CONVERTER TECHNICAL DATA AUGUST 17, 2001 FEATURES APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • • • Metastable errors reduced to 1 LSB Low input capacitance: 10 pF Wide input bandwidth: 210 MHz 150 MSPS conversion rate Typical power dissipation: 2.2 watts Digital oscilloscopes Transient capture Radar, EW, ECM Direct RF down-conversion Medical electronics: ultrasound, CAT instrumentation GENERAL DESCRIPTION The SPT7710 is a monolithic flash A/D converter capable of digitizing a two volt analog input signal into 8-bit digital words at a 150 MSPS (typ) update rate. of 2.2 W. A proprietary decoding scheme reduces metastable errors to the 1 LSB level. The SPT7710 is available in 42-lead ceramic sidebrazed DIP, surface-mount 44-lead cerquad and 46-lead PGA packages; the cerquad and PGA packages allow access to additional reference ladder taps, an overrange bit, and a data ready output. The SPT7710 is available in the industrial temperature range. For most applications, no external sample-and-hold is required for accurate conversion due to the device’s narrow aperture time, wide bandwidth, and low input capacitance. A single standard –5.2 volt power supply is required for operation of the SPT7710, with nominal power dissipation BLOCK DIAGRAM Analog Input (Force or Sense) AGND DGND VRTS VEE Preamp VRTF LINV MINV Comparator 256 DRINV Clock Buffer MSB D7 255 VR3 DREAD 152 Overrange 151 D7 MSB D6 128 VR2 127 ECL Latches and Buffers 256 to 8-Bit Encoder D5 D4 D6 64 D5 VR1 63 D3 D4 D2 D3 2 D2 D1 D1 1 D0 LSB VRBF LSB D0 VRBS Convert 2 CLK CLK Analog Input (Sense or Force) VEE AGND These functions are available in the PGA and cerquad packages only. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Beyond which damage may occur)1 25 °C Temperature Operating Temperature,ambient ............. –25 to +85 °C junction ...................... +150 °C Lead Temperature, (soldering 10 seconds) ..... +300 °C Storage Temperature ............................ –65 to +150 °C Supply Voltages Negative Supply Voltage (VEE TO GND) –7.0 to +0.5 V Ground Voltage Differential .................... –0.5 to +0.5 V Input Voltage Analog Input Voltage ............................... VEE to +0.5 V Reference Input Voltage .......................... VEE to +0.5 V Digital Input Voltage ................................ VEE to +0.5 V Reference Current VRTF to VRBF ........................ 25 mA Note: 1. Operation at any Absolute Maximum Rating is not implied. See Electrical Specifications for proper nominal applied conditions in typical applications. Output Digital Output Current ............................... 0 to –30 mA ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS TA= TMIN to TMAX, VEE=–5.2 V, RSource=50 Ω, VRBF=–2.00 V, VR2=–1.00 V, VRTF=0.00 V, ƒCLK=125 MHz, Duty Cycle=50%, unless otherwise specified. PARAMETERS DC Accuracy Integral Linearity Error Differential Linearity Error No missing codes Analog Input Offset Error VRT Offset Error VRB Input Voltage Range Input Capacitance Input Resistance Input Current Input Slew Rate Large Signal Bandwidth Small Signal Bandwidth Clock Synchronous Input Currents TEST CONDITIONS ƒCLK = 100 kHz ƒCLK = 100 kHz TEST LEVEL VI VI VI VI VI Over full input range VIN=F.S. VIN=500 mVP-P MIN SPT7710A TYP MAX –0.75 ±0.60 +0.75 –0.75 +0.75 Guaranteed –30 –30 –2.0 +30 +30 0.0 V V VI V V V 10 15 250 1,000 210 335 V 40 Reference Input Ladder Resistance Reference Bandwidth VI V 100 200 10 Timing Characteristics Maximum Sample Rate Clock to Data Delay Output Delay Tempco CLK-to-Data Ready Delay (tD) Aperture Jitter Acquisition Time IV V V V V V 125 VI VI VI VI VI VI 46 42 Dynamic Performance Signal-to-Noise Ratio Total Harmonic Distortion Signal-to-Noise and Distortion (SINAD) ƒIN = 3.58 MHz ƒIN = 50 MHz ƒIN = 3.58 MHz ƒIN = 50 MHz ƒIN = 3.58 MHz ƒIN = 50 MHz 45 39 MIN SPT7710B TYP MAX –0.95 –0.95 ±0.80 +0.95 +0.95 LSB LSB +30 +30 0.0 mV mV Volts Guaranteed –30 –30 –2.0 10 15 250 1,000 210 335 500 500 40 300 UNITS pF kΩ µA V/µs MHz MHz µA 200 10 150 2.4 2 2.0 5 1.5 125 150 2.4 2 2.0 5 1.5 MSPS ns ps/°C ns ps ns 48 46 –52 –44 48 42 45 40 47 44 –50 –43 46 40 dB dB dB dB dB dB –48 –40 43 37 300 Ω MHz 100 –46 –39 SPT7710 2 8/17/01 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS TA= TMIN to TMAX, VEE=–5.2 V, RSource=50 Ω, VRBF=–2.00 V, VR2=–1.00 V, VRTF=0.00 V, ƒCLK=125 MHz, Duty Cycle=50%, unless otherwise specified. PARAMETERS TEST CONDITIONS TEST LEVEL MIN VI –1.1 VI VI VI –2.0 –1.1 Digital Inputs Digital Input High Voltage (MINV, LINV) Digital Input Low Voltage (MINV, LINV) Clock Low Width, tPWL Clock High Width, tPWH Digital Outputs Digital Output High Voltage Digital Output Low Voltage 50 Ω to –2 V 50 Ω to –2 V VI VI Power Supply Requirements Supply Current Power Dissipation +25 °C +25 °C VI VI TEST LEVEL CODES All electrical characteristics are subject to the following conditions: All parameters having min/max specifications are guaranteed. The Test Level column indicates the specific device testing actually performed during production and Quality Assurance inspection. Any blank section in the data column indicates that the specification is not tested at the specified condition. LEVEL I II III IV V VI SPT7710A TYP MAX 4 4 MIN SPT7710B TYP MAX –0.7 –1.1 –1.5 5 5 –2.0 4 4 –0.7 Volts –1.5 5 5 Volts ns ns –1.5 Volts Volts –1.1 –1.5 425 2.2 550 2.9 425 2.2 UNITS 550 2.9 mA W TEST PROCEDURE 100% production tested at the specified temperature. 100% production tested at TA = +25 °C, and sample tested at the specified temperatures. QA sample tested only at the specified temperatures. Parameter is guaranteed (but not tested) by design and characterization data. Parameter is a typical value for information purposes only. 100% production tested at TA = +25 °C. Parameter is guaranteed over specified temperature range. Unless otherwise noted, all test are pulsed tests; therefore, TJ = TC = TA. SPT7710 3 8/17/01 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS SNR vs Input Frequency THD vs Input Frequency 52 52 50 50 S = 125 MSPS Total Harmonic Distortion (dB) Signal-to-Noise Ratio (dB) 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 48 46 44 S = 125 MSPS 42 40 38 36 1 10 34 100 1 10 Input Frequency (MHz) Input Frequency (MHz) SINAD vs Input Frequency SNR, THD, SINAD vs Temperature 52 50 50 SNR S = 125 MSPS 48 SNR, THD, SINAD (dB) Signal-to-Noise and Distortion (dB) 100 46 44 42 40 45 40 THD SINAD S = 125 MSPS IN = 50 MHz 35 38 36 34 1 10 30 100 Input Frequency (MHz) 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 Temperature (°C) SPT7710 4 8/17/01 Figure 1 – Typical Interface Circuit 1 L *See below RT + U1 Voltage Limiter Analog Input Can Be Either Force Or Sense VEE 2.2 µF AGND 5.2 V .01 µF VIN LINV MINV VRTF Preamp Comparator MSB D7 256 Clock Buffer 255 D6 152 Typical Voltage Limiter D5 RS 49.9 151 D1 D2 5.2 D1=D2=HP, 1N 5712 D4 128 VR2 256 To 8-Bit Encoder .01 µF 127 ECL Latches And Buffers D3 64 D2 63 VEE D1 2 10 Analog Input Can Be Either Force Or Sense Q1 (1N2907A) VEE LSB D0 VIN CLK 50 W 100116 50 W Convert 1 VRBF 2.2 µF 2.2 + U2 .01 µF 2 V .01 µF VRef 2 CLK .01 µF 2 V (Analog) 50 W 50 W AGND DGND .01 µF VEE .01 µF 2 V (Digital) 5.2 V GENERAL DESCRIPTION The SPT7710 has true differential analog and digital data paths from the preamplifiers to the output buffers (Current Mode Logic) for reducing potential missing codes while rejecting common mode noise. The SPT7710 is a fast monolithic 8-bit parallel flash A/D converter. The nominal conversion rate is 150 MSPS and the analog bandwidth is in excess of 200 MHz. A major advance over previous flash converters is the inclusion of 256 input preamplifiers between the reference ladder and input comparators. (See block diagram.) This not only reduces clock transient kickback to the input and reference ladder due to a low AC beta but also reduces the effect of the dynamic state of the input signal on the latching characteristics of the input comparators. The preamplifiers act as buffers and stabilize the input capacitance so that it remains constant for varying input voltages and frequencies and, therefore, makes the part easier to drive than previous flash converters. The SPT7710 incorporates a proprietary decoding scheme that reduces metastable errors (sparkle codes or flyers) to a maximum of 1 LSB. Signature errors are also reduced by careful layout of the analog circuitry. Every comparator also has a clock buffer to reduce differential delays and to improve signal-tonoise ratio. The output drive capability of the device can provide full ECL swings into 50 Ω loads. TYPICAL INTERFACE CIRCUIT The typical interface circuit is shown in figure 1. The SPT7710 is relatively easy to apply depending on the accuracy needed in the intended application. Wire-wrap may be employed with careful point-to-point ground connections if desired, but to achieve the best operation, a SPT7710 5 8/17/01 Figure 2 – Typical Interface Circuit 2 (PGA and Cerquad packages only) *See below RT + U1 Voltage Limiter VCC 10 W VCC 22 + U1 VEE Q1 Analog Input Force 2.2 µF .01 µF VRTS L .01 µF 49.9 Preamp MINV Comparator 256 Overrange D8 Clock Buffer R D1 LINV VIN Typical Voltage Limiter RS 5.2 V 2.2 µF D1 VRTF VEE DGND AGND 192 D2 MSB D7 5.2 + U2 191 10-25 W VR3 D6 .01 µF U1 and U2= Rail-to-Rail Op Amp 151 R D1=HP, 1N5712 D5 Q1=1N2222A 128 10-25 W V + R2 U2 Q2=1N2907A R = 1 kW, .1% .01 µF 127 R ECL Latches And Buffers 256 to 8-Bit Encoder D4 D3 + U2 10-25 W 64 VR1 D2 .01 µF 63 D1 R 2 LSB D0 VEE VREF 2 V 1 22 W + U2 VRBF CLK 50 W 100116 50 W Convert DRINV VRBS .01 µF 2.2 µF VEE .01 µF 2 V (Analog) DREAD 2 AGND CLK Analog Input VIN (Sense) .01 µF VEE 50 W 50 W AGND 2 V .01 µF .01 µF .01 µF 2 V (Digital) 5.2 V VEE VEE, AGND, DGND double-sided PC board with a ground plane on the component side separated into digital and analog sections will give the best performance. The converter is bonded-out to place the digital pins on the left side of the package and the analog pins on the right side. Additionally, an RF bead connection through a single point from the analog to digital ground planes will reduce ground noise pickup. VEE is the supply pin with AGND as ground for the device. The power supply pins should be bypassed as close to the device as possible with at least a .01 µF ceramic capacitor. A 1 µF tantalum should also be used for low frequency suppression. DGND is the ground for the ECL outputs and is to be referenced to the output pulldown voltage and appropriately bypassed as shown in figure 1. The circuit in figure 2 (PGA and cerquad packages only) is intended to show the most elaborate method of achieving the least error by correcting for integral nonlinearity, input induced distortion, and power supply/ground noise. This is achieved by the use of external reference ladder tap connections, an input buffer, and supply decoupling. The function of each pin and external connections to other components is as follows: VIN (ANALOG INPUT) There are two analog input pins that are tied to the same point internally. Either one may be used as an analog input sense and the other for input force. This is convenient for testing the source signal to see if there is sufficient drive capability. The pins can also be tied together and driven by SPT7710 6 8/17/01 Table I – Output Coding ANALOG INPUT VOLTAGE –2 V + 1/2 LSB –1.0 V 0 V – 1/2 LSB ≥0 V BINARY TWOs COMPLEMENT TRUE INVERTED MINV=LINV=0 MINV=LINV=1 D8 D7_____D0 D7_____D0 D7_____D0 D7_____D0 0 00000000 11111111 10000000 01111111 00000001 11111110 10000001 01111110 01111111 10000000 11111111 00000000 10000000 01111111 00000000 11111111 11111111 00000000 01111111 10000000 11111110 00000001 01111110 10000001 11111111 00000000 01111111 10000000 0 0 1 the same source. The SPT7710 is superior to similar devices, due to a preamplifier stage before the comparators. This makes the device easier to drive because it has constant capacitance and induces less slew rate distortion. An optional input buffer may be used. TRUE INVERTED MINV=1; LINV=0 MINV=0; LINV=1 VRBF, VRBS, VR1, VR2, VR3, VRTF, VRTS REFERENCE INPUTS (PGA AND CERQUAD PACKAGES ONLY) These are five external reference voltage taps from –2 V (VRBF) to AGND (VRTF) that can be used to control integral linearity over temperature. The taps can be driven by op amps as shown in figure 2. These voltage level inputs can be bypassed to AGND for further noise suppression if so desired. VRB and VRT have force and sense pins for monitoring the top and bottom voltage references. CLK, CLK (CLOCK INPUTS) The clock inputs are designed to be driven differentially with ECL levels. The clock may be driven single-ended since CLK is internally biased to –1.3 V. (See clock input circuit.) CLK may be left open, but a .01 µF bypass capacitor from CLK to AGND is recommended. NOTE: System performance may be degraded due to increased clock noise or jitter. N/C All Not Connected pins should be tied to DGND on the left side of the package and to AGND on the right side of the package. MINV, LINV (OUTPUT LOGIC CONTROL) DREAD – DATA READY; DRINV – DATA READY INVERSE (PGA AND CERQUAD PACKAGES ONLY) These are ECL-compatible digital controls for changing the output code from straight binary to two’s complement, etc. For more information, see table I. Both MINV and LINV are in the logic low (0) state when they are left open. The high state can be obtained by tying to AGND through a diode or 3.9 kΩ resistor. The data ready pin is a flag that goes high or low at the output when data is valid or ready to be received. It is essentially a delay line that accounts for the time necessary for information to be clocked through the SPT7710’s decoders and latches. This function is useful for interfacing with high-speed memory. Using the data ready output to latch the output data ensures minimum set-up and hold times. DRINV is a data ready inverse control pin. (See the timing diagram.) D0 TO D7 (DIGITAL OUTPUTS) The digital outputs can drive ECL levels into 50 Ω when pulled down to –2 V. When pulled down to –5.2 V, the outputs can drive 150 Ω to 1 kΩ loads. VRBF, VR2, VRTF (REFERENCE INPUTS) D8 – OVERRANGE (PGA AND CERQUAD PACKAGES ONLY) There are two reference inputs and one external reference voltage tap. These are –2 V (VRBF), mid-tap (VR2), and AGND (VRTF). The reference pins can be driven as shown in figure 1. VR2 should be bypassed to AGND for further noise suppression. This is an overrange function. When the SPT7710 is in an overrange condition, D8 goes high and all data outputs go high as well. This makes it possible to include the SPT7710 into higher resolution systems. SPT7710 7 8/17/01 OPERATION sequence from the top comparators, closest to VRTF (0 V), down to the point where the magnitude of the input signal changes sign (thermometer code). The output of each comparator is then registered into four 64-to-6 bit decoders when CLK is changed from high to low. The SPT7710 has 256 preamp/comparator pairs that are each supplied with the voltage from VRTF to VRBF divided equally by the resistive ladder as shown in the block diagram. This voltage is applied to the positive input of each preamplifier/comparator pair. An analog input voltage applied at VIN is connected to the negative inputs of each preamplifier/comparator pair. The comparators are then clocked through each comparator’s individual clock buffer. When CLK pin is in the low state, the master or input stage of the comparators compares the analog input voltage to the respective reference voltage. When CLK changes from low to high, the comparators are latched to the state prior to the clock transition and output logic codes in At the output of the decoders is a set of four 7-bit latches that are enabled (track) when CLK changes from high to low. From here, the outputs of the latches are coded into 6 LSBs from 4 columns, and 4 columns are coded into 2 MSBs. Next are the MINV and LINV controls for output inversions, which consist of a set of eight XOR gates. Finally, 8 ECL output latches and buffers are used to drive the external loads. The conversion takes one clock cycle from the input to the data outputs. Figure 3 – Timing Diagram N+2 N Analog Input N+1 VIN tPW1 tPW0 Clock CLK CLK Master Comparator Output Internal Timing Slave 6 Bit Latch Output 8 Bit Latch Output N1 Data Output D0D7 Overrange D8 N N+1 tD Data Ready Timing for PGA and Cerquad Packages Only SPT7710 8 8/17/01 Figure 4 – Subcircuit Schematics Input Circuit Output Circuit AGND AGND MINV, LINV Input Circuit DGND AGND 10 kW VIN VR MINV LINV 1.3 V Data Out 16 kW VEE VEE Figure 5 – Clock Input Figure 6 – Burn-In Circuit (42-lead DIP Package only) VEE AGND 1N4736 2.0 V VREF R4 R4 R3 CLK VEE 1.3 V VRBF 13 kW R1 R1 R1 R1 R1 R1 R1 R1 CLK D0 D1 13 kW VIN R2 D2 VIN D3 D4 D5 VEE D6 R2 CLK EVALUATION BOARDS R2 D7 CLK CLK LINV DGND AGND VRTF CLK MINV R2 The EB7710 evaluation board is available to aid designers in demonstrating the full performance of the SPT7710. This board includes a voltage reference circuit, clock driver circuit, output data latches, and an on-board reconstruction of the digital data. An application note describing the operation of this board, as well as application tips, is also available. Contact the factory for price and delivery. R1 = 50 W 1/4 Watt CC 5% R2 = 1 kW 1/4 Watt CC 5% R3 = 6.5 W 1/4 Watt CC 5% 2.0 V R4 = 6.5 W 1/2 Watt CC 5% VREF = 2.0 Volts VEE = 6.6 Volts SPT7710 9 8/17/01 PACKAGE OUTLINES 42-Lead Sidebrazed DIP 42 SYMBOL A B C D E F G H I J 1 G A E C B F D H INCHES MIN MAX 0.081 0.099 0.016 0.020 0.095 0.105 .050 typ .050 typ 0.275 2.080 2.120 0.585 0.605 0.008 0.015 0.600 0.620 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 2.06 2.51 0.41 0.51 2.41 2.67 1.27 1.27 6.99 52.83 53.85 14.86 15.37 0.20 0.38 15.24 15.75 INCHES MIN MAX 0.890 0.910 0.100 typ .045 dia .055 dia 0.084 0.096 0.169 0.193 .020 dia .030 dia .050 typ MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 22.61 23.11 2.54 typ 1.14 1.40 2.13 2.44 4.29 4.90 0.51 0.76 1.27 typ I J 46-Lead Pin Grid Array D A SYMBOL A B C D E F G E B Pin 1 F Stand-off Pin C Diameter G SPT7710 10 8/17/01 44-Lead Cerquad SYMBOL A B C D E F G H C A D B INCHES MIN MAX 0.550 typ 0.685 0.709 0.037 0.041 0.016 typ 0.008 typ 0.027 0.051 0.006 typ 0.080 0.089 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 13.97 typ 17.40 18.00 0.94 1.04 0.41 typ 0.20 typ 0.69 1.30 0.15 typ 2.03 2.26 A B 05° H G E F SPT7710 11 8/17/01 PIN ASSIGNMENTS 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 D8 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 DGND AGND D7 A VEE CLK VEE AGND VRBS VRBF DREAD AGND DGND N/C Bottom MINV LINV View CLK DRINV C D E VEE AGND F PGA AGND VEE B VRTS AGND N/C VRTF VEE VR1 VR3 VEE G H J D0 DREADY DGND 34 N/C 35 D1 37 AGND 36 D4 D3 D2 VIN 38 AGND 40 D6 D5 41 VR2 42 D8 D7 AGND 39 VIN 44 AGND 43 N/C 1 VEE N/C 42 2 N/C VRTF 41 3 LINV N/C 40 4 VEE VEE 39 5 AGND VEE 38 6 DGND 7 D0 (LSB) 8 D1 9 D2 10 D3 AGND 33 11 D4 VR2 32 12 D5 AGND 31 13 D6 14 D7 (MSB) 15 DGND N/C 28 16 AGND N/C 27 17 VEE VEE 26 18 MINV VEE 19 N/C N/C 24 20 CLK VRBF 23 21 CLK DGND 1 33 AGND AGND 2 32 VEE VEE 3 31 LINV MINV 4 30 N/C CLK 5 29 DRINV CLK 6 28 N/C Cerquad 24 VRTS 11 23 VRTF D0 through D6 Output Inversion Control Pin N/C 37 VEE Negative Analog Supply Nominally –5.2 V N/C 36 DGND Digital Ground D0 Digital Data Output (LSB) AGND 35 DIP Function LINV VIN 34 VIN 30 AGND 29 N/C 25 22 D1–D6 Digital Data Output D7 Digital Data Output (MSB) MINV D7 Output Inversion Control Pin CLK Inverse ECL Clock Input Pin CLK ECL Clock Input Pin AGND Analog Ground VIN Analog Input; Can be Connected to the Input Signal or Used as a Sense VR2 Reference Voltage Tap 2 (–1.0 V typ) VRTF Reference Voltage Top VRBF Reference Voltage Bottom The following pins are on PGA and cerquad packages only. DRINV Data Ready Inverse DREAD Data Ready Output Overrange Overrange Output D8 VEE VR3 VIN AGND VR2 AGND AGND VIN AGND VR1 VEE Name 22 10 VRBF 21 VRBS 19 AGND 20 25 18 9 17 AGND 15 AGND 16 VEE 26 14 27 8 12 7 13 VEE AGND PIN FUNCTIONS VR1 Reference Voltage Tap 1 (–1.5 V typ) VR3 Reference Voltage Tap 3 (–0.5 V typ) VRTS Reference Voltage Top, Sense VRBS Reference Voltage Bottom, Sense ORDERING INFORMATION PART NUMBER SPT7710AIJ SPT7710BIJ SPT7710AIG SPT7710BIG SPT7710AIQ SPT7710BIQ SPT7710BCU LINEARITY 0.75 LSB 0.95 LSB 0.75 LSB 0.95 LSB 0.75 LSB 0.95 LSB 0.95 LSB TEMPERATURE RANGE –25 to +85 °C –25 to +85 °C –25 to +85 °C –25 to +85 °C –25 to +85 °C –25 to +85 °C +25 °C PACKAGE TYPE 42L Ceramic S/B 42L Ceramic S/B 46L PGA 46L PGA 44L Cerquad 44L Cerquad Die* *Please see the die specification for guaranteed electrical performance. DISCLAIMER FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. www.fairchildsemi.com © Copyright 2002 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SPT7710 12 8/17/01