M41T62, M41T63 M41T64, M41T65 Serial Access Real-Time Clock with Alarms FEATURES SUMMARY ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 350nA TIMEKEEPING CURRENT @ 3V TIMEKEEPING DOWN TO 1.0V 1.3V TO 3.6V I2C BUS OPERATING VOLTAGE COUNTERS FOR TENTHS/HUNDREDTHS OF SECONDS, SECONDS, MINUTES, HOURS, DAY, DATE, MONTH, YEAR, AND CENTURY SERIAL INTERFACE SUPPORTS I2C BUS (400kHz) PROGRAMMABLE ALARM WITH FLAG BIT ONLY (M41T63/64) PROGRAMMABLE ALARM WITH FLAG BIT AND INTERRUPT FUNCTION (M41T62/65) LOW OPERATING CURRENT OF 35µA SOFTWARE CLOCK CALIBRATION OSCILLATOR STOP DETECTION 32KHz SQUARE WAVE ON POWER-UP (M41T62/63/64) WATCHDOG TIMER WATCHDOG OUTPUT (M41T63/65) AUTOMATIC LEAP YEAR COMPENSATION OPERATING TEMPERATURE OF –40 TO 85°C LEAD-FREE 16-PIN QFN PACKAGE TOTAL SURFACE AREA OF IC AND 32KHz CRYSTAL IS 21.5mm2 Figure 1. Package QFN16 (Q) 3mm x 3mm Figure 2. 32KHz Crystal + QFN16 vs. VSOJ20 VSOJ20 (47.6mm2) 2 GND Plane Guard Ring (21.5mm ) SMT CRYSTAL 1 XI 2 XO 3 4 ST QFN16 AI11107 Table 1. Device Options Basic RTC Alarms OSC Fail Detect Watchdog Timer Calibration SQW Output IRQ Output M41T62 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ M41T63 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ M41T64 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ M41T65 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ May 2005 WDO Output F32K Output ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 1/33 M41T62/63/64/65 TABLE OF CONTENTS FEATURES SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Figure 1. Package. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Figure 2. 32KHz Crystal + QFN16 vs. VSOJ20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Table 1. Device Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 SUMMARY DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figure 3. M41T62 Logic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figure 4. M41T64 Logic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figure 5. M41T63 Logic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figure 6. M41T65 Logic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figure 7. M41T62 16-pin QFN Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 8. M41T63 16-pin QFN Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 9. M41T64 16-pin QFN Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 10.M41T65 16-pin QFN Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Table 2. Signal Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 11.M41T62 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 12.M41T63 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 13.M41T64 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 14.M41T65 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Figure 15.Hardware Hookup for Battery Back-up Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2-Wire Bus Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Bus not busy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Start data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Stop data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Data Valid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Figure 16.Serial Bus Data Transfer Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Figure 17.Acknowledgement Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 READ Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Figure 18.Slave Address Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Figure 19.READ Mode Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 20.Alternative READ Mode Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 WRITE Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Figure 21.WRITE Mode Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 CLOCK OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 TIMEKEEPER® Registers . . . . . . Table 3. M41T62 Register Map . . Table 4. M41T63 Register Map . . Table 5. M41T64 Register Map . . Table 6. M41T65 Register Map . . 2/33 ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... . . . . 13 . . . . 14 . . . . 15 . . . . 16 . . . . 17 M41T62/63/64/65 Calibrating the Clock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 22.Crystal Accuracy Across Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Figure 23.Calibration Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Setting Alarm Clock Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Figure 24.Alarm Interrupt Reset Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Table 7. Alarm Repeat Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Watchdog Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Watchdog Output (WDO - M41T63/65 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Square Wave Output (M41T62/63/64). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Table 8. Square Wave Output Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Full-time 32KHz Square Wave Output (M41T64). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Century Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Output Driver Pin (M41T62/65) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Oscillator Stop Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Initial Power-on Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Table 9. Initial Power-on Default Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Table 10. Century Bits Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 MAXIMUM RATING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Table 11. Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 DC AND AC PARAMETERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Table 12. Operating and AC Measurement Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 25.AC Measurement I/O Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 26.Crystal Isolation Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Table 13. Capacitance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Table 14. DC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Table 15. Crystal Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Table 16. Oscillator Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Figure 27.Bus Timing Requirements Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Table 17. AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 PACKAGE MECHANICAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Figure 28.QFN16 – 16-lead, Quad, Flat Package, No Lead, 3x3mm body size, Outline . . . . . . . . 28 Table 18. QFN16 – 16-lead, Quad, Flat Package, No Lead, 3x3mm body size, Mechanical Data . 29 Figure 29.QFN16 – 16-lead, Quad, Flat Package, No Lead, 3x3mm, Recommended Footprint . . 30 Figure 30.32KHz Crystal + QFN16 vs. VSOJ20 Mechanical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 PART NUMBERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Table 19. Ordering Information Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 REVISION HISTORY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Table 20. Document Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3/33 M41T62/63/64/65 SUMMARY DESCRIPTION The M41T6x Serial Access TIMEKEEPER® is a low power Serial RTC with a built-in 32.768 kHz oscillator (external crystal controlled). Eight registers (see Table 3., page 14) are used for the clock/ calendar function and are configured in binary coded decimal (BCD) format. An additional 8 registers provide status/control of Alarm, 32KHz output, Calibration, and Watchdog functions. Addresses and data are transferred serially via a two line, bi-directional I2C interface. The built-in address register is incremented automatically after each WRITE or READ data byte. Functions available to the user include a time-ofday clock/calendar, Alarm interrupts (M41T62/65), 32KHz output (M41T64), programmable Square Wave output (M41T62/63/64), and Watchdog output (M41T63/65). The eight clock address locations contain the century, year, month, date, day, hour, minute, second and tenths/hundredths of a second in 24 hour BCD format. Corrections for 28, 29- (leap year), 30- and 31-day months are made automatically. The M41T6x is supplied in a 16-pin QFN. Figure 3. M41T62 Logic Diagram Figure 5. M41T63 Logic Diagram VCC VCC XI XI (1) XO IRQ/OUT M41T62 (2) SCL SQW WDO(1) XO M41T63 SCL SQW(2) SDA SDA VSS VSS AI09103 AI09189 Note: 1. Open Drain. 2. Defaults to 32KHz on power-up. Note: 1. Open Drain. 2. Defaults to 32KHz on power-up. Figure 4. M41T64 Logic Diagram Figure 6. M41T65 Logic Diagram VCC VCC XI XI (1) XO SQW M41T64 SCL M41T65 (2) F32K SCL IRQ/FT/OUT(1) SDA SDA VSS Note: 1. Open Drain. 2. Defaults to 32KHz on power-up. 4/33 WDO(1) XO VSS AI09108 Note: 1. Open Drain. AI09109 M41T62/63/64/65 NC VCC NC NC NC VCC NC 16 15 14 13 16 15 14 13 VSS 3 10 SCL (1) 4 9 SDA 5 6 7 8 NC XO 2 11 IRQ/FT/OUT(1) VSS 3 10 SCL (1) 4 9 SDA WDO AI09100 Note: 1. SQW Output will default to 32KHz upon power-up. 2. Open Drain. 5 6 7 8 NC IRQ/OUT(2) 12 NC 11 1 NC 2 XI VSS XO NC NC NC 12 NC 1 VSS XI SQW Figure 10. M41T65 16-pin QFN Connections NC Figure 7. M41T62 16-pin QFN Connections AI09102 Note: 1. Open Drain. Table 2. Signal Names NC NC VCC NC Figure 8. M41T63 16-pin QFN Connections 16 15 14 13 XI Oscillator Input XO Oscillator Output SDA Serial Data Input/Output SCL Serial Clock Input XO 2 11 WDO(2) VSS 3 10 SCL IRQ/OUT (1) 4 9 SDA IRQ/FT/ OUT SQW 5 6 7 8 NC NC NC 12 NC 1 VSS XI AI09190 Interrupt or OUT Output (Open Drain) Interrupt, Frequency Test, or OUT Output (Open Drain) SQW Programmable Square Wave Defaults to 32KHz on Power-up (Open Drain for M41T64 only) F32K Dedicated 32KHz Output (M41T64 only) WDO Watchdog Timer Output (Open Drain) Note: 1. SQW Output will default to 32KHz upon power-up. 2. Open Drain. NC NC VCC NC Figure 9. M41T64 16-pin QFN Connections 16 15 14 13 XO 2 11 SQW VSS 3 10 SCL (1) 4 9 SDA F32K 5 6 7 8 NC NC NC 12 NC 1 VSS XI VCC Supply Voltage VSS Ground (2) AI09101 Note: 1. Enabled on power-up. 2. Open Drain. 5/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Figure 11. M41T62 Block Diagram REAL TIME CLOCK CALENDAR XTAL 32KHz OSCILLATOR OSCILLATOR FAIL OFIE DETECT RTC W/ALARM SDA I2C INTERFACE SCL AFE (1) IRQ/OUT WATCHDOG SQUARE WAVE SQWE (2) SQW AI08899a Note: 1. Open Drain. 2. Defaults to 32KHz on power-up. Figure 12. M41T63 Block Diagram REAL TIME CLOCK CALENDAR XTAL 32KHz OSCILLATOR OSCILLATOR FAIL DETECT RTC W/ALARM SDA I2C INTERFACE SCL (1) WATCHDOG SQUARE WAVE WDO SQWE (2) SQW AI09191 Note: 1. Open Drain. 2. Defaults to 32KHz on power-up. Figure 13. M41T64 Block Diagram 32KE F32K(1) REAL TIME CLOCK CALENDAR XTAL 32KHz OSCILLATOR OSCILLATOR FAIL DETECT RTC W/ALARM SDA I2C INTERFACE SCL WATCHDOG SQUARE WAVE SQWE (2) SQW AI09192 Note: 1. Defaults enabled on power-up. 2. Open Drain. 6/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Figure 14. M41T65 Block Diagram REAL TIME CLOCK CALENDAR OSCILLATOR FAIL OFIE DETECT FT 32KHz OSCILLATOR XTAL RTC W/ALARM SDA I2C INTERFACE (1) AFE IRQ/FT/OUT WDO(1) WATCHDOG SCL AI09193 Note: 1. Open Drain. Figure 15. Hardware Hookup for Battery Back-up Operation VCC (1) MCU M41T6x VCC XI XO VSS VCC (2) IRQ/FT/OUT (3) WDO (4) SQW Port Reset Input SQWIN SCL Serial Clock Line SDA Serial Data Line F32K 32KHz CLKIN AI10400 Note: 1. 2. 3. 4. Diode required on open drain pin (M41T65 only) for battery (or SuperCap) back-up. Low threshold BAT42 diode recommended. For M41T62 and M41T65 (Open Drain). For M41T63 and M41T65 (Open Drain). For M41T64 (Open Drain). 7/33 M41T62/63/64/65 OPERATION The M41T6x clock operates as a slave device on the serial bus. Access is obtained by implementing a start condition followed by the correct slave address (D0h). The 16 bytes contained in the device can then be accessed sequentially in the following order: 1. Tenths/Hundredths of a Second Register 2. Seconds Register 3. Minutes Register 4. Hours Register 5. Square Wave/Day Register 6. Date Register 7. Century/Month Register 8. Year Register 9. Calibration Register 10. Watchdog Register 11 - 15. Alarm Registers 16. Flags Register 2-Wire Bus Characteristics The bus is intended for communication between different ICs. It consists of two lines: a bi-directional data signal (SDA) and a clock signal (SCL). Both the SDA and SCL lines must be connected to a positive supply voltage via a pull-up resistor. The following protocol has been defined: – Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. – During data transfer, the data line must remain stable whenever the clock line is High. – Changes in the data line, while the clock line is High, will be interpreted as control signals. 8/33 Accordingly, the following bus conditions have been defined: Bus not busy. Both data and clock lines remain High. Start data transfer. A change in the state of the data line, from high to Low, while the clock is High, defines the START condition. Stop data transfer. A change in the state of the data line, from Low to High, while the clock is High, defines the STOP condition. Data Valid. The state of the data line represents valid data when after a start condition, the data line is stable for the duration of the high period of the clock signal. The data on the line may be changed during the Low period of the clock signal. There is one clock pulse per bit of data. Each data transfer is initiated with a start condition and terminated with a stop condition. The number of data bytes transferred between the start and stop conditions is not limited. The information is transmitted byte-wide and each receiver acknowledges with a ninth bit. By definition a device that gives out a message is called “transmitter,” the receiving device that gets the message is called “receiver.” The device that controls the message is called “master.” The devices that are controlled by the master are called “slaves.” M41T62/63/64/65 Acknowledge. Each byte of eight bits is followed by one Acknowledge Bit. This Acknowledge Bit is a low level put on the bus by the receiver whereas the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. A slave receiver which is addressed is obliged to generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. The device that acknowledges has to pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse in such a way that the SDA line is a stable Low during the High period of the acknowledge related clock pulse. Of course, setup and hold times must be taken into account. A master receiver must signal an end of data to the slave transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this case the transmitter must leave the data line High to enable the master to generate the STOP condition. Figure 16. Serial Bus Data Transfer Sequence DATA LINE STABLE DATA VALID CLOCK DATA START CONDITION CHANGE OF DATA ALLOWED STOP CONDITION AI00587 Figure 17. Acknowledgement Sequence CLOCK PULSE FOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT START SCL FROM MASTER DATA OUTPUT BY TRANSMITTER 1 MSB 2 8 9 LSB DATA OUTPUT BY RECEIVER AI00601 9/33 M41T62/63/64/65 READ Mode In this mode the master reads the M41T6x slave after setting the slave address (see Figure 19., page 11). Following the WRITE Mode Control Bit (R/W=0) and the Acknowledge Bit, the word address 'An' is written to the on-chip address pointer. Next the START condition and slave address are repeated followed by the READ Mode Control Bit (R/W=1). At this point the master transmitter becomes the master receiver. The data byte which was addressed will be transmitted and the master receiver will send an Acknowledge Bit to the slave transmitter. The address pointer is only incremented on reception of an Acknowledge Clock. The M41T6x slave transmitter will now place the data byte at address An+1 on the bus, the master receiver reads and acknowledges the new byte and the address pointer is incremented to “An+2.” This cycle of reading consecutive addresses will continue until the master receiver sends a STOP condition to the slave transmitter. The system-to-user transfer of clock data will be halted whenever the address being read is a clock address (00h to 07h). The update will resume due to a Stop Condition or when the pointer increments to any non-clock address (08h-0Fh). Note: This is true both in READ Mode and WRITE Mode. An alternate READ Mode may also be implemented whereby the master reads the M41T6x slave without first writing to the (volatile) address pointer. The first address that is read is the last one stored in the pointer (see Figure 20., page 11). Figure 18. Slave Address Location R/W START A 1 LSB MSB SLAVE ADDRESS 1 0 1 0 0 0 AI00602 10/33 M41T62/63/64/65 SLAVE ADDRESS DATA n+1 ACK DATA n ACK S ACK BUS ACTIVITY: R/W START WORD ADDRESS (An) ACK S R/W SDA LINE ACK BUS ACTIVITY: MASTER START Figure 19. READ Mode Sequence STOP SLAVE ADDRESS DATA n+X P NO ACK AI00899 STOP R/W SLAVE ADDRESS DATA n+X P NO ACK BUS ACTIVITY: DATA n+1 ACK DATA n ACK S ACK SDA LINE ACK BUS ACTIVITY: MASTER START Figure 20. Alternative READ Mode Sequence AI00895 11/33 M41T62/63/64/65 WRITE Mode In this mode the master transmitter transmits to the M41T6x slave receiver. Bus protocol is shown in Figure 21., page 12. Following the START condition and slave address, a logic '0' (R/W=0) is placed on the bus and indicates to the addressed device that word address “An” will follow and is to be written to the on-chip address pointer. The data word to be written to the memory is strobed in next and the internal address pointer is incremented to the next address location on the reception of an acknowledge clock. The M41T6x slave receiver will send an acknowledge clock to the master transmitter after it has received the slave address see Figure 18., page 10 and again after it has received the word address and each data byte. SLAVE ADDRESS 12/33 STOP DATA n+X P ACK DATA n+1 ACK BUS ACTIVITY: DATA n ACK WORD ADDRESS (An) ACK S R/W SDA LINE ACK BUS ACTIVITY: MASTER START Figure 21. WRITE Mode Sequence AI00591 M41T62/63/64/65 CLOCK OPERATION The M41T6x is driven by a quartz-controlled oscillator with a nominal frequency of 32.768kHz. The accuracy of the Real-Time Clock depends on the frequency of the quartz crystal that is used as the time-base for the RTC. The eight byte clock register (see Table 3., M41T62 Register Map, Table 4., M41T63 Register Map, Table 5., M41T64 Register Map, and Table 6., M41T65 Register Map) is used to both set the clock and to read the date and time from the clock, in a binary coded decimal format. Tenths/Hundredths of Seconds, Seconds, Minutes, and Hours are contained within the first four registers. Note: A WRITE to any clock register will result in the Tenths/Hundredths of Seconds being reset to “00,” and Tenths/Hundredths of Seconds cannot be written to any value other than “00.” Bits D0 through D2 of Register 04h contain the Day (day of week). Registers 05h, 06h, and 07h contain the Date (day of month), Month, and Years. The ninth clock register is the Calibration Register (this is described in the Clock Calibration section). Bit D7 of Register 01h contains the STOP Bit (ST). Setting this bit to a '1' will cause the oscillator to stop. When reset to a '0' the oscillator restarts within one second (typical). Note: Upon initial power-up, the user should set the ST Bit to a '1,' then immediately reset the ST Bit to '0.' This provides an additional “kick-start” to the oscillator circuit. Bit D7 of Register 02h (Minute Register) contains the Oscillator Fail Interrupt Enable Bit (OFIE). When the user sets this bit to '1,' any condition which sets the Oscillator Fail Bit (OF) (see Oscillator Stop Detection, page 23) will also generate an interrupt output. Bits D6 and D7 of Clock Register 06h (Century/ Month Register) contain the CENTURY Bit 0 (CB0) and CENTURY Bit 1 (CB1). Note: A WRITE to ANY location within the first eight bytes of the clock register (00h-07h), including the OFIE Bit, RS0-RS3 Bit, and CB0-CB1 Bits will result in an update of the system clock and a reset of the divider chain. This could result in an inadvertent change of the current time. These nonclock related bits should be written prior to setting the clock, and remain unchanged until such time as a new clock time is also written. The eight Clock Registers may be read one byte at a time, or in a sequential block. Provision has been made to assure that a clock update does not occur while any of the eight clock addresses are being read. If a clock address is being read, an update of the clock registers will be halted. This will prevent a transition of data during the READ. TIMEKEEPER ® Registers The M41T6x offers 16 internal registers which contain Clock, Calibration, Alarm, Watchdog, Flags, and Square Wave. The Clock registers are memory locations which contain external (user accessible) and internal copies of the data (usually referred to as BiPORT™ TIMEKEEPER cells). The external copies are independent of internal functions except that they are updated periodically by the simultaneous transfer of the incremented internal copy. The internal divider (or clock) chain will be reset upon the completion of a WRITE to any clock address (00h to 07h). The system-to-user transfer of clock data will be halted whenever the address being read is a clock address (00h to 07h). The update will resume either due to a Stop Condition or when the pointer increments to a non-clock address. TIMEKEEPER and Alarm Registers store data in BCD format. Calibration, Watchdog, and Square Wave Bits are written in a Binary Format. 13/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Table 3. M41T62 Register Map Addr D7 00h D6 D5 D4 D3 0.1 Seconds D2 D1 D0 Function/Range BCD Format 0.01 Seconds 10ths/100ths of Seconds 00-99 01h ST 10 Seconds Seconds Seconds 00-59 02h OFIE 10 Minutes Minutes Minutes 00-59 03h 0 0 Hours (24 Hour Format) Hours 00-23 04h RS3 RS2 Day 01-7 05h 0 0 Date: Day of Month Date 01-31 06h CB1 CB0 Month Century/ Month 0-3/01-12 Year Year 00-99 07h 10 Hours RS1 RS0 10 Date 0 Day of Week 10M 10 Years 08h OUT 0 S 09h RB2 BMB4 BMB3 BMB2 0Ah AFE SQWE 0 Al 10M 0Bh RPT4 RPT5 0Ch RPT3 0 0Dh RPT2 0Eh RPT1 0Fh WDF Calibration BMB1 BMB0 Calibration RB1 RB0 Watchdog Alarm Month Al Month 01-12 AI 10 Date Alarm Date Al Date 01-31 AI 10 Hour Alarm Hour Al Hour 00-23 Alarm 10 Minutes Alarm Minutes Al Min 00-59 Alarm 10 Seconds Alarm Seconds Al Sec 00-59 AF 0 Keys: 0 = Must be set to '0' AF = Alarm Flag (Read only) AFE = Alarm Flag Enable Flag BMB0 - BMB4 = Watchdog Multiplier Bits CB0-CB1 = Century Bits OF = Oscillator Fail Bit OFIE = Oscillator Fail Interrupt Enable Bit OUT = Output level 14/33 0 0 0 OF 0 0 Flags RB0 - RB2 = Watchdog Resolution Bits RPT1-RPT5 = Alarm Repeat Mode Bits RS0-RS3 = SQW Frequency Bits S = Sign Bit SQWE = Square Wave Enable Bit ST = Stop Bit WDF = Watchdog Flag Bit (Read only) M41T62/63/64/65 Table 4. M41T63 Register Map Addr D7 00h D6 D5 D4 D3 0.1 Seconds D2 D1 D0 Function/Range BCD Format 0.01 Seconds 10ths/100ths of Seconds 00-99 01h ST 10 Seconds Seconds Seconds 00-59 02h 0 10 Minutes Minutes Minutes 00-59 03h 0 0 Hours (24 Hour Format) Hours 00-23 04h RS3 RS2 Day 01-7 05h 0 0 Date: Day of Month Date 01-31 06h CB1 CB0 Month Century/ Month 0-3/01-12 Year Year 00-99 07h 10 Hours RS1 RS0 0 10 Date 0 Day of Week 10M 10 Years 08h 0 0 S Calibration 09h RB2 BMB4 BMB3 BMB2 0Ah 0 SQWE 0 Al 10M 0Bh RPT4 RPT5 0Ch RPT3 0 0Dh RPT2 0Eh RPT1 0Fh WDF BMB1 BMB0 Calibration RB1 RB0 Watchdog Alarm Month Al Month 01-12 AI 10 Date Alarm Date Al Date 01-31 AI 10 Hour Alarm Hour Al Hour 00-23 Alarm 10 Minutes Alarm Minutes Al Min 00-59 Alarm 10 Seconds Alarm Seconds Al Sec 00-59 AF 0 Keys: 0 = Must be set to '0' AF = Alarm Flag (Read only) BMB0 - BMB4 = Watchdog Multiplier Bits CB0-CB1 = Century Bits OF = Oscillator Fail Bit RB0 - RB2 = Watchdog Resolution Bits 0 0 OF 0 0 Flags RPT1-RPT5 = Alarm Repeat Mode Bits RS0-RS3 = SQW Frequency Bits S = Sign Bit SQWE = Square Wave Enable Bit ST = Stop Bit WDF = Watchdog Flag Bit (Read only) 15/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Table 5. M41T64 Register Map Addr D7 00h D6 D5 D4 D3 0.1 Seconds D2 D1 D0 Function/Range BCD Format 0.01 Seconds 10ths/100ths of Seconds 00-99 01h ST 10 Seconds Seconds Seconds 00-59 02h 0 10 Minutes Minutes Minutes 00-59 03h 0 0 Hours (24 Hour Format) Hours 00-23 04h RS3 RS2 Day 01-7 05h 0 0 Date: Day of Month Date 01-31 06h CB1 CB0 Month Century/ Month 0-3/01-12 Year Year 00-99 07h 10 Hours RS1 RS0 10 Date 0 Day of Week 10M 10 Years 08h 0 0 S 09h RB2 BMB4 BMB3 BMB2 0Ah 0 SQWE 32KE Al 10M 0Bh RPT4 RPT5 0Ch RPT3 0 0Dh RPT2 0Eh RPT1 0Fh WDF Calibration BMB1 BMB0 Calibration RB1 RB0 Watchdog Alarm Month Al Month 01-12 AI 10 Date Alarm Date Al Date 01-31 AI 10 Hour Alarm Hour Al Hour 00-23 Alarm 10 Minutes Alarm Minutes Al Min 00-59 Alarm 10 Seconds Alarm Seconds Al Sec 00-59 AF 0 Keys: 0 = Must be set to '0' 32KE = 32KHz Enable Bit AF = Alarm Flag (Read only) BMB0 - BMB4 = Watchdog Multiplier Bits CB0-CB1 = Century Bits OF = Oscillator Fail Bit RB0 - RB2 = Watchdog Resolution Bits 16/33 0 0 0 OF 0 0 Flags RPT1-RPT5 = Alarm Repeat Mode Bits RS0-RS3 = SQW Frequency Bits S = Sign Bit SQWE = Square Wave Enable Bit ST = Stop Bit WDF = Watchdog Flag Bit (Read only) M41T62/63/64/65 Table 6. M41T65 Register Map Addr D7 00h D6 D5 D4 D3 0.1 Seconds D2 D1 D0 Function/Range BCD Format 0.01 Seconds 10ths/100ths of Seconds 00-99 01h ST 10 Seconds Seconds Seconds 00-59 02h OFIE 10 Minutes Minutes Minutes 00-59 03h 0 0 Hours (24 Hour Format) Hours 00-23 04h 0 0 Day 01-7 05h 0 0 Date: Day of Month Date 01-31 06h CB1 CB0 Month Century/ Month 0-3/01-12 Year Year 00-99 07h 10 Hours 0 0 0 10 Date 0 Day of Week 10M 10 Years 08h OUT FT S Calibration 09h RB2 BMB4 BMB3 BMB2 0Ah AFE 0 0 Al 10M 0Bh RPT4 RPT5 0Ch RPT3 0 0Dh RPT2 0Eh RPT1 0Fh WDF BMB1 BMB0 Calibration RB1 RB0 Watchdog Alarm Month Al Month 01-12 AI 10 Date Alarm Date Al Date 01-31 AI 10 Hour Alarm Hour Al Hour 00-23 Alarm 10 Minutes Alarm Minutes Al Min 00-59 Alarm 10 Seconds Alarm Seconds Al Sec 00-59 AF 0 Keys: 0 = Must be set to '0' AF = Alarm Flag (Read only) AFE = Alarm Flag Enable Flag BMB0 - BMB4 = Watchdog Multiplier Bits CB0-CB1 = Century Bits FT = Frequency Test Bit OF = Oscillator Fail Bit 0 0 OF 0 0 Flags OFIE = Oscillator Fail Interrupt Enable Bit OUT = Output level RB0 - RB2 = Watchdog Resolution Bits RPT1-RPT5 = Alarm Repeat Mode Bits S = Sign Bit ST = Stop Bit WDF = Watchdog Flag Bit (Read only) 17/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Calibrating the Clock The M41T6x is driven by a quartz controlled oscillator with a nominal frequency of 32,768Hz. The accuracy of the Real-Time Clock depends on the frequency of the quartz crystal that is used as the time-base for the RTC. The accuracy of the clock is dependent upon the accuracy of the crystal, and the match between the capacitive load of the oscillator circuit and the capacitive load for which the crystal was trimmed. The M41T6x oscillator is designed for use with a 6pF crystal load capacitance. When the Calibration circuit is properly employed, accuracy improves to better than ±2 ppm at 25°C. The oscillation rate of crystals changes with temperature (see Figure 22., page 19). Therefore, the M41T6x design employs periodic counter correction. The calibration circuit adds or subtracts counts from the oscillator divider circuit at the divide by 256 stage, as shown in Figure 23., page 19. The number of times pulses which are blanked (subtracted, negative calibration) or split (added, positive calibration) depends upon the value loaded into the five Calibration Bits found in the Calibration Register. Adding counts speeds the clock up, subtracting counts slows the clock down. The Calibration Bits occupy the five lower order bits (D4-D0) in the Calibration Register (08h). These bits can be set to represent any value between 0 and 31 in binary form. Bit D5 is a Sign Bit; '1' indicates positive calibration, '0' indicates negative calibration. Calibration occurs within a 64 minute cycle. The first 62 minutes in the cycle may, once per minute, have one second either shortened by 128 or lengthened by 256 oscillator cycles. If a binary '1' is loaded into the register, only the first 2 minutes in the 64 minute cycle will be modified; if a binary 6 is loaded, the first 12 will be affected, and so on. Therefore, each calibration step has the effect of adding 512 or subtracting 256 oscillator cycles for every 125,829,120 actual oscillator cycles, that is 18/33 +4.068 or –2.034 PPM of adjustment per calibration step in the calibration register. Assuming that the oscillator is running at exactly 32,768 Hz, each of the 31 increments in the Calibration byte would represent +10.7 or –5.35 seconds per day which corresponds to a total range of +5.5 or –2.75 minutes per month (see Figure 23., page 19). Two methods are available for ascertaining how much calibration a given M41T6x may require: – The first involves setting the clock, letting it run for a month and comparing it to a known accurate reference and recording deviation over a fixed period of time. Calibration values, including the number of seconds lost or gained in a given period, can be found in Application Note AN934, “TIMEKEEPER® CALIBRATION.” This allows the designer to give the end user the ability to calibrate the clock as the environment requires, even if the final product is packaged in a non-user serviceable enclosure. The designer could provide a simple utility that accesses the Calibration byte. – The second approach is better suited to a manufacturing environment, and involves the use of either the SQW pin (M41T62/63/64) or the IRQ/FT/OUT pin (M41T65). The SQW pin will toggle at 512Hz when RS3 = '0,' RS2 = '1,' RS1 = '1,' RS0 = '0,' SQWE = '1,' and ST = '0.' Alternatively, for the M41T65, the IRQ/FT/ OUT pin will toggle at 512Hz when FT and OUT Bits = '1' and ST = '0.' Any deviation from 512Hz indicates the degree and direction of oscillator frequency shift at the test temperature. For example, a reading of 512.010124 Hz would indicate a +20 ppm oscillator frequency error, requiring a –10 (XX001010) to be loaded into the Calibration Byte for correction. Note that setting or changing the Calibration Byte does not affect the Frequency test or Square Wave output frequency. M41T62/63/64/65 Figure 22. Crystal Accuracy Across Temperature Frequency (ppm) 20 0 –20 –40 –60 ∆F = K x (T – T )2 O F –80 2 2 K = –0.036 ppm/°C ± 0.006 ppm/°C –100 TO = 25°C ± 5°C –120 –140 –160 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Temperature °C AI07888 Figure 23. Calibration Waveform NORMAL POSITIVE CALIBRATION NEGATIVE CALIBRATION AI00594B 19/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Setting Alarm Clock Registers Address locations 0Ah-0Eh contain the alarm settings. The alarm can be configured to go off at a prescribed time on a specific month, date, hour, minute, or second, or repeat every year, month, day, hour, minute, or second. Bits RPT5–RPT1 put the alarm in the repeat mode of operation. Table 7., page 20 shows the possible configurations. Codes not listed in the table default to the once per second mode to quickly alert the user of an incorrect alarm setting. When the clock information matches the alarm clock settings based on the match criteria defined by RPT5–RPT1, the AF (Alarm Flag) is set. If AFE (Alarm Flag Enable) is also set (M41T62/65), the alarm condition activates the IRQ/OUT or IRQ/FT/ OUT pin. To disable the alarm, write '0' to the Alarm Date Register and to RPT5–RPT1. Note: If the address pointer is allowed to increment to the Flag Register address, an alarm condition will not cause the Interrupt/Flag to occur until the address pointer is moved to a different address. It should also be noted that if the last address written is the “Alarm Seconds,” the address pointer will increment to the Flag address, causing this situation to occur. The IRQ output is cleared by a READ to the Flags Register as shown in Figure 24., page 20. A subsequent READ of the Flags Register is necessary to see that the value of the Alarm Flag has been reset to '0.' Figure 24. Alarm Interrupt Reset Waveform 0Eh 0Fh 00h ALARM FLAG BIT (AF) HIGH-Z IRQ/OUT or IRQ/FT/OUT AI08898 Table 7. Alarm Repeat Modes RPT5 RPT4 RPT3 RPT2 RPT1 Alarm Setting 1 1 1 1 1 Once per Second 1 1 1 1 0 Once per Minute 1 1 1 0 0 Once per Hour 1 1 0 0 0 Once per Day 1 0 0 0 0 Once per Month 0 0 0 0 0 Once per Year 20/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Watchdog Timer The watchdog timer can be used to detect an outof-control microprocessor. The user programs the watchdog timer by setting the desired amount of time-out into the Watchdog Register, address 09h. Bits BMB4-BMB0 store a binary multiplier and the three bits RB2-RB0 select the resolution where: 000=1/16 second (16Hz); 001=1/4 second (4Hz); 010=1 second (1Hz); 011=4 seconds (1/4Hz); and 100 = 1 minute (1/60Hz). Note: Invalid combinations (101, 110, and 111) will NOT enable a watchdog time-out. Setting the BMB4-BMB0 = 0 with any combination of RB2RB0, other than 000, will result in an immediate watchdog time-out. The amount of time-out is then determined to be the multiplication of the five-bit multiplier value with the resolution. (For example: writing 00001110 in the Watchdog Register = 3*1 or 3 seconds). If the processor does not reset the timer within the specified period, the M41T6x sets the WDF (Watchdog Flag) and generates an interrupt on the IRQ pin (M41T62), or a watchdog output pulse (M41T63 and M41T65 only) on the WDO pin. The watchdog timer can only be reset by having the microproces- sor perform a WRITE of the Watchdog Register. The time-out period then starts over. Should the watchdog timer time-out, any value may be written to the Watchdog Register in order to clear the IRQ pin. A value of 00h will disable the watchdog function until it is again programmed to a new value. A READ of the Flags Register will reset the Watchdog Flag (Bit D7; Register 0Fh). The watchdog function is automatically disabled upon power-up, and the Watchdog Register is cleared. Note: A WRITE to any clock register will restart the watchdog timer. Watchdog Output (WDO - M41T63/65 only) If the processor does not reset the watchdog timer within the specified period, the Watchdog Output (WDO) will pulse low for trec (see Table 17., page 27). This output may be connected to the Reset input of the processor in order to generate a processor reset. After a watchdog time-out occurs, the timer will remain disabled until such time as a new countdown value is written into the watchdog register. Note: The crystal oscillator must be running for the WDO pulse to be available. The WDO output is an N-channel, open drain output driver (with IOL as specified in Table 14., page 26). 21/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Square Wave Output (M41T62/63/64) The M41T62/63/64 offers the user a programmable square wave function which is output on the SQW pin. RS3-RS0 bits located in 04h establish the square wave output frequency. These frequencies are listed in Table 8. Once the selection of the SQW frequency has been completed, the SQW pin can be turned on and off under software control with the Square Wave Enable Bit (SQWE) located in Register 0Ah. The SQW output is an N-channel, open drain output driver for the M41T64, and a full CMOS output driver for the M41T62/63. The initial power-up default for the SQW output is 32KHz (except for M41T64, which defaults disabled). Table 8. Square Wave Output Frequency Square Wave Bits RS3 RS2 RS1 RS0 Frequency Units 0 0 0 0 None – 0 0 0 1 32.768 kHz 0 0 1 0 8.192 kHz 0 0 1 1 4.096 kHz 0 1 0 0 2.048 kHz 0 1 0 1 1.024 kHz 0 1 1 0 512 Hz 0 1 1 1 256 Hz 1 0 0 0 128 Hz 1 0 0 1 64 Hz 1 0 1 0 32 Hz 1 0 1 1 16 Hz 1 1 0 0 8 Hz 1 1 0 1 4 Hz 1 1 1 0 2 Hz 1 1 1 1 1 Hz Full-time 32KHz Square Wave Output (M41T64) The M41T64 offers the user a special 32KHz square wave function which is enabled on powerup to output on the F32K pin as long as VCC ≥ 1.3V, and the oscillator is running (ST Bit = '0'). This function is available within one second (typ) of ini- 22/33 Square Wave tial power-up and can only be disabled by setting the 32KE Bit to '0' or the ST Bit to '1.' If not used, the F32K pin should be disconnected and allowed to float. M41T62/63/64/65 Century Bits These two bits will increment in a binary fashion at the turn of the century, and handle all leap years correctly. See Table 10., page 23 for additional explanation. Output Driver Pin (M41T62/65) When the OFIE Bit, AFE Bit, and watchdog register are not set to generate an interrupt, the IRQ/ OUT pin becomes an output driver that reflects the contents of D7 of the Calibration Register. In other words, when D7 (OUT Bit) is a '0,' then the IRQ/ OUT pin will be driven low. Note: The IRQ/OUT pin is an open drain which requires an external pull-up resistor. Oscillator Stop Detection If the Oscillator Fail (OF) Bit is internally set to a '1,' this indicates that the oscillator has either stopped, or was stopped for some period of time and can be used to judge the validity of the clock and date data. This bit will be set to '1' any time the oscillator stops. In the event the OF Bit is found to be set to '1' at any time other than the initial power-up, the STOP Bit (ST) should be written to a '1,' then immediately reset to '0.' This will restart the oscillator. The following conditions can cause the OF Bit to be set: – The first time power is applied (defaults to a '1' on power-up). Note: If the OF Bit cannot be written to '1' four (4) seconds after the initial power-up, the STOP Bit (ST) should be written to a '1,' then immediately reset to '0.' – The voltage present on VCC or battery is insufficient to support oscillation. – The ST Bit is set to '1.' – External interference of the crystal If the Oscillator Fail Interrupt Enable Bit (OFIE) is set to a '1,' the IRQ pin will also be activated. The IRQ output is cleared by resetting the OFIE or OF Bit to '0' (NOT by reading the Flag Register). The OF Bit will remain set to '1' until written to logic '0.' The oscillator must start and have run for at least 4 seconds before attempting to reset the OF Bit to '0.' If the trigger event occurs during a powerdown condition, this bit will be set correctly. Initial Power-on Defaults Upon application of power to the device, the register bits will initially power-on in the state indicated in Table 9. Table 9. Initial Power-on Default Values Condition Initial Power-up(1) Device ST OF OFIE OUT FT AFE SQWE 32KE RS3-1 RS0 Watchdog M41T62 0 1 0 1 N/A 0 1 N/A 0 1 0 M41T63 0 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 N/A 0 1 0 M41T64 0 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A 0 1 0 1 0 M41T65 0 1 0 1 0 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A 0 Note: 1. All other control bits power-up in an undetermined state. Table 10. Century Bits Examples CB0 CB1 Leap Year? Example(1) 0 0 Yes 2000 0 1 No 2100 1 0 No 2200 1 1 No 2300 Note: 1. Leap year occurs every four years (for years evenly divisible by four), except for years evenly divisible by 100. The only exceptions are those years evenly divisible by 400 (the year 2000 was a leap year, year 2100 is not). 23/33 M41T62/63/64/65 MAXIMUM RATING Stressing the device above the rating listed in the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” table may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the Operating sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics SURE Program and other relevant quality documents. Table 11. Absolute Maximum Ratings Sym Parameter Conditions(1) Value(2) Unit TSTG Storage Temperature (VCC Off, Oscillator Off) –55 to 125 °C VCC Supply Voltage –0.3 to 4.6 V 260 °C –0.2 to Vcc+0.3 V TSLD (3) VIO Lead Solder Temperature for 10 Seconds Input or Output Voltages IO Output Current 20 mA PD Power Dissipation 1 W VESD(HBM) VESD(RCDM) Electro-static discharge voltage (Human Body Model) TA = 25°C >1000 V Electro-static discharge voltage (Robotic Charged Device Model) TA = 25°C >1000 V Note: 1. Test conforms to JEDEC standard. 2. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 3. Reflow at peak temperature of 260°C (total thermal budget not to exceed 245°C for greater than 30 seconds). 24/33 M41T62/63/64/65 DC AND AC PARAMETERS This section summarizes the operating and measurement conditions, as well as the DC and AC characteristics of the device. The parameters in the following DC and AC Characteristic tables are derived from tests performed under the Measure- ment Conditions listed in the relevant tables. Designers should check that the operating conditions in their projects match the measurement conditions when using the quoted parameters. Table 12. Operating and AC Measurement Conditions Parameter M41T6x Supply Voltage (VCC) 1.3V to 3.6V Ambient Operating Temperature (TA) –40 to 85°C Load Capacitance (CL) 50pF Input Rise and Fall Times ≤ 5ns Input Pulse Voltages 0.2VCC to 0.8 VCC Input and Output Timing Ref. Voltages 0.3VCC to 0.7 VCC Note: Output Hi-Z is defined as the point where data is no longer driven. Figure 25. AC Measurement I/O Waveform Figure 26. Crystal Isolation Example Local Grounding Plane (Layer 2) XI Crystal 0.8VCC XO 0.7VCC GND 0.3VCC 0.2VCC AI02568 AI09127 Note: Substrate pad should be tied to VSS. Table 13. Capacitance Parameter(1,2) Symbol CIN COUT(3) tLP Max Unit 7 pF Output Capacitance 10 pF Low-pass filter input time constant (SDA and SCL) 50 ns Input Capacitance Min Note: 1. Effective capacitance measured with power supply at 3.6V; sampled only, not 100% tested. 2. At 25°C, f = 1MHz. 3. Outputs deselected. 25/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Table 14. DC Characteristics Sym Parameter VCC(3) Operating Voltage ICC1 Min Clock(2) I2C bus (400kHz) SCL = 0Hz All inputs ≥ VCC – 0.2V ≤ VSS + 0.2V Supply Current (standby) SQW Off Typ Max Unit 1.0 3.6 V 1.3 3.6 V 100 µA 3.6V 50 3.0V 35 µA 2.5V 30 µA 2.0V 20 µA 3.6V 375 3.0V @ 25°C 350 nA 2.0V @ 25°C 310 nA SCL = 400kHz (No load) Supply Current ICC2 Test Condition(1) 700 nA VIL Input Low Voltage –0.2 0.3VCC V VIH Input High Voltage 0.7VCC VCC+0.3 V VCC = 3.6V, IOL = 3.0mA (CMOS or Open Drain) 0.4 V VCC = 3.6V, IOL = 1.0mA (SQW, WDO, IRQ) 0.4 V VOL Output Low Voltage VOH VCC = 3.6V, IOH = –1.0mA (Push-Pull) Output High Voltage 2.4 V Pull-up Supply Voltage (Open Drain) IRQ/OUT, IRQ/FT/OUT, WDO, SQW (M41T64 only) 3.6 V ILI Input Leakage Current 0V ≤ VIN ≤ VCC ±1 µA ILO Output Leakage Current 0V ≤ VOUT ≤ VCC ±1 µA Note: 1. Valid for Ambient Operating Temperature: TA = –40 to 85°C; VCC = 1.3V to 3.6V (except where noted). 2. Oscillator start-up guaranteed at 1.5V only. 3. When using battery back-up, VCC fall time should not exceed 10mV/µs. Table 15. Crystal Electrical Characteristics Parameter(1,2) Sym fO Min Resonant Frequency RS Series Resistance CL Load Capacitance Typ Max 32.768 kHz 65(3) 6 Units kΩ pF Note: 1. Externally supplied if using the QFN16 package. STMicroelectronics recommends the Citizen CFS-145 (1.5x5mm) and the KDS DT-38 (3x8mm) for thru-hole, or the KDS DMX-26S (3.2x8mm) for surface-mount, tuning fork-type quartz crystals. KDS can be contacted at [email protected] or http://www.kdsj.co.jp. Citizen can be contacted at [email protected] or http://www.citizencrystal.com. 2. Load capacitors are integrated within the M41T6x. Circuit board layout considerations for the 32.768kHz crystal of minimum trace lengths and isolation from RF generating signals should be taken into account. 3. Guaranteed by design. 26/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Table 16. Oscillator Characteristics Symbol Parameter VSTA Oscillator Start Voltage tSTA Oscillator Start Time Conditions Min ≤ 10 seconds 1.5 Typ Max Unit V VCC = 3.0V 1 s Cg XIN 12 pF Cd XOUT 12 pF IC-to-IC Frequency Variation (1) –10 +10 ppm Note: 1. Reference value. T A = 25°C, VCC = 3.0V, CMJ-145 (CL = 6pF, 32,768Hz) manufactured by Citizen. Figure 27. Bus Timing Requirements Sequence SDA tBUF tHD:STA tHD:STA tF tR SCL tHIGH P S tLOW tSU:DAT tHD:DAT tSU:STA SR tSU:STO P AI00589 Table 17. AC Characteristics Parameter(1) Sym Min Typ Max Units 400 kHz fSCL SCL Clock Frequency tLOW Clock Low Period 1.3 µs tHIGH Clock High Period 600 ns 0 tR SDA and SCL Rise Time 300 ns tF SDA and SCL Fall Time 300 ns tHD:STA START Condition Hold Time (after this period the first clock pulse is generated) 600 ns tSU:STA START Condition Setup Time (only relevant for a repeated start condition) 600 ns tSU:DAT(2) Data Setup Time 100 ns tHD:DAT Data Hold Time 0 µs tSU:STO STOP Condition Setup Time 600 ns tBUF Time the bus must be free before a new transmission can start 1.3 µs trec Watchdog Output Pulse Width 96 98 ms Note: 1. Valid for Ambient Operating Temperature: TA = –40 to 85°C; VCC = 1.3 to 3.6V (except where noted). 2. Transmitter must internally provide a hold time to bridge the undefined region (300ns max) of the falling edge of SCL. 27/33 M41T62/63/64/65 PACKAGE MECHANICAL INFORMATION Figure 28. QFN16 – 16-lead, Quad, Flat Package, No Lead, 3x3mm body size, Outline D E A3 A A1 ddd C e b L K 1 2 E2 Ch 3 K D2 QFN16-A Note: Drawing is not to scale. 28/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Table 18. QFN16 – 16-lead, Quad, Flat Package, No Lead, 3x3mm body size, Mechanical Data mm inches Symb Typ Min Max Typ Min Max A 0.90 0.80 1.00 0.035 0.032 0.039 A1 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.001 0.000 0.002 A3 0.20 – – 0.008 – – b 0.25 0.18 0.30 0.010 0.007 0.012 D 3.00 2.90 3.10 0.118 0.114 0.122 D2 1.70 1.55 1.80 0.067 0.061 0.071 E 3.00 2.90 3.10 0.118 0.114 0.122 E2 1.70 1.55 1.80 0.067 0.061 0.071 e 0.50 – – 0.020 – – K 0.20 – – 0.008 – – L 0.40 0.30 0.50 0.016 0.012 0.020 ddd – 0.08 – – 0.003 – Ch – 0.33 – – 0.013 – N 16 16 29/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Figure 29. QFN16 – 16-lead, Quad, Flat Package, No Lead, 3x3mm, Recommended Footprint 1.60 3.55 2.0 0.28 AI09126 Note: Dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm). Figure 30. 32KHz Crystal + QFN16 vs. VSOJ20 Mechanical Data 7.0 ± 0.3 VSOJ20 6.0 ± 0.2 3.2 SMT CRYSTAL 1 XI 2 XO 2.9 3 4 1.5 ST QFN16 2.9 AI11146 Note: Dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm). 30/33 M41T62/63/64/65 PART NUMBERING Table 19. Ordering Information Scheme Example: M41T 62 Q 6 F Device Family M41T Device Type and Supply Voltage 62 = VCC = 1.3V to 3.6V 63 = VCC = 1.3V to 3.6V 64 = VCC = 1.3V to 3.6V 65 = VCC = 1.3V to 3.6V Package Q = QFN16 Temperature Range 6 = –40°C to 85°C Shipping Method for SOIC F = Lead-free Package, Tape & Reel For other options, or for more information on any aspect of this device, please contact the ST Sales Office nearest you. 31/33 M41T62/63/64/65 REVISION HISTORY Table 20. Document Revision History Date Version Revision Details November 13, 2003 1.0 First Issue 19-Nov-03 1.1 Add features, update characteristics (Figure 3, 4, 6, 11, 24; Table 2, 3, 9, 11, 14, 17) 25-Dec-03 2.0 Reformatted; add crystal isolation, footprint (Figure 26) 14-Jan-04 2.1 Update characteristics (Figure 3, 11, 26; Table 1, 3. 9, 14) 27-Feb-04 2.2 Update characteristics and mechanical dimensions (Figure 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 28, 29; Table 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, 14, 18) 02-Mar-04 2.3 Update characteristics (Figure 9, 10, 13; Table 2, 14) 26-Apr-04 3.0 Reformat and republish 13-May-04 4.0 Update characteristics (Figure 7, 8, 9, 10, 26, 29; Table 11, 14, 15) 06-Aug-04 5.0 Correct diagrams; update characteristics (Figure 4, 5, 26; Table 2, 14, 16) 11-Oct-04 6.0 Update characteristics (Table 11, 14) 18-Jan-05 7.0 Correct footprint dimensions; update characteristics (Figure 4, 9, 13, 15, 29; Table 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17) 05-May-05 8.0 Add package comparison and mechanical data (Figure 2, 30) M41T6x, 41T6X, T6X, T62, T63, T64, T65, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Serial, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Access, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Interface, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, Clock, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, RTC, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Programmable Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Alarm, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Interrupt, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, Watchdog, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Switchover, Switchover, Switchover, Switchover, Switchover, Switchover, Switchover, Switchover, Switchover, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Backup, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Write Protect, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, Industrial, vIndustrial, Industrial, Industrial, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SNAPHAT, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC, SOIC 32/33 M41T62/63/64/65 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. 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