ACS102-6T AC switch family Transient protected AC switch (ACS™) Main product characteristics IT(RMS) 0.2 A VDRM/VRRM 600 V IGT 5 mA ■ Overvoltage protection by crowbar technology ■ High noise immunity - static dV/dt > 300 V/µs COM COM NC G NC NC OUT NC SO-8 ACS102-6T1 COM OUT G TO-92 ACS102-6TA Applications ■ AC ON/OFF static switching in appliances and industrial control systems ■ Drive of low power high inductive or resistive loads like: – relay, valve, solenoid, – dispenser, door lock – micro-motor Benefits ■ Needs no external protection snubber or varistor. ■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5. ■ Reduces component count by up to 80%. ■ Interfaces directly with the micro-controller. ■ Common package tab connection supports connection of several alternating current switches (ACS) on the same cooling pad. ■ Integrated structure based on ASD(1) technology Description The ACS102-6T belongs to the AC line switch family. This high performance switch can control a load of up to 0.2A. The ACS102-6T switch includes an overvoltage crowbar structure to absorb the overvoltage energy, and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. Functional diagram OUT G Order code Part number Marking ACS102-6TA ACS102-6TA-TR ACS102-6T1 ACS102-6T1-TR ACS1026T ACS1026T ACS1026T ACS1026T 1. ASD: Application Specific Devices January 2006 COM COM OUT G Common drive reference to connect to the mains Output to connect to the load. Gate input to connect to the controller through gate resistor TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics Rev 1 1/11 www.st.com 11 ACS102-6T 1 Characteristics 1 Characteristics Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol IT(RMS) ITSM I²t Parameter Unit 0.2 A TO-92 Tamb = 100 °C SO-08 Tamb = 100 °C f = 60 Hz t = 16.7 ms 7.6 f = 50 Hz t = 20 ms 7.3 RMS on-state current (full sine wave) Non repetitive surge peak on-state current (full cycle sine wave, Tj initial = 25 °C) Value A tp = 10 ms I²t Value for fusing 0.38 A²s Tj = 125 °C 50 A/µs Tj = 25 °C 2 kV Tj = 125 °C 1 A dI/dt Critical rate of rise of on-state current IG = 2xIGT, tr ≤ 100 ns VPP Non repetitive line peak mains voltage(1) IGM Peak gate current VGM Peak positive gate voltage Tj = 125 °C 10 V Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W -40 to +150 -30 to +125 °C Value Unit PG(AV) Tstg Tj f = 120 Hz tp = 20 µs Storage junction temperature range Operating junction temperature range 1. according to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 16 Table 2. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol IGT (1) Test conditions VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω VGT II - III MAX 5 mA II - III MAX 0.9 V II - III MIN 0.15 V VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL =3.3 kΩ, Tj = 125 °C IH (2) IOUT = 100 mA MAX 20 mA IL(2) IG = 1.2 x IGT MAX 25 mA VOUT = 67% VDRM, gate open, Tj = 125 °C MIN 300 V/µs Without snubber (15 V/µs), turn-off time ≤ 20 ms, Tj = 125 °C MIN 0.15 A/ms ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, Tj = 125 °C MIN 650 V dV/dt (2) (dI/dt)c (2) VCL 1. minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max 2. for both polarities of OUT referenced to COM 2/11 Quadrant ACS102-6T Table 3. 1 Characteristics Static electrical characteristics Symbol Test conditions VTM (1) ITM= 0.3 A, tp = 380 µs Value Unit Tj = 25 °C MAX 1.2 V VTO (1) Tj = 125 °C MAX 0.80 V RD (1) Tj = 125 °C MAX 500 mΩ 2 µA 0.2 mA IDRM Tj = 25 °C VOUT = 600 V IRRM MAX Tj = 125 °C 1. for both polarities of OUT referenced to COM Table 4. Thermal resistance Symbol Parameter Rth (j-l) Junction to lead (AC) Rth (j-a) Junction to ambient Figure 1. S = 40 mm² TO-92 60 TO-92 150 SO-8 150 Maximum power dissipation vs RMS Figure 2. on-state current (full cycle) P (W) 0.22 0.18 0.16 Value Unit °C/W RMS on-state current vs ambient temperature (full cycle) IT(RMS) (A) 0.20 α=180° 0.18 0.14 0.16 0.12 0.14 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.04 180° IT(RMS) (A) 0.02 0.00 0.00 a=180° Printed circuit board FR4 Natural convection 0.04 0.02 Tamb °C 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0 25 50 75 100 125 3/11 ACS102-6T 1 Characteristics Figure 3. Relative variation of junction to ambient thermal impedance vs pulse duration and package Figure 4. Relative variation of gate trigger current, holding current and latching current vs junction temperature IGT, IH, IL [T j] / IGT, IH, IL [T j=25°C] K=[Zth(j-a) /Rth(j-a) ] 1.E+00 2.5 2.0 IGT 1.5 1.E-01 IL & IH TO-92 1.0 SO-8 0.5 tP (S) 1.E-02 1.E-03 Figure 5. Tj(°C) 0.0 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current vs number of cycles -40 -30 -20 -10 Figure 6. ITSM (A) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse with width tp<10 ms, and corresponding value of I²t (Tj initial = 25 °C). ITSM(A), I²t (A²s) 10 1.E+03 Tj initial=25°C 9 8 t=20ms 7 One cycle Non repetitive Tj initial=25°C 1.E+02 ITSM 6 5 1.E+01 4 Repetitive Tamb=100°C 3 1.E+00 I²t 2 1 tp(ms) 0 1 4/11 10 100 Number of cycles 1000 1.E-01 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 ACS102-6T Figure 7. 1 Characteristics On-state characteristics (maximal values) Figure 8. ITM(A) SO-8 junction to ambient thermal resistance versus copper surface under tab (PCB FR4, copper thickness 35 µm) Rth(j-a) (°C/W) 10.00 160 Tj max.: Vto= 0.8 V Rd= 500 mΩ SO-8 140 120 1.00 100 Tj=125°C Tj=25°C 80 60 0.10 40 20 SCU(mm²) VTM(V) 0 0.01 0.0 0.5 Figure 9. 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 0 4.0 Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c versus junction temperature (dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj=125 °C] 50 100 150 200 250 300 Figure 10. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs (dV/dt)c, with turn-off time < 20 ms 2.0 (dI/dt)c [ (dV/dt) c ] / Specified (dI/dt) c 20 1.8 18 Vout = 400 V 16 1.4 14 1.2 12 10 1.0 8 0.8 6 0.6 0.4 4 2 (dV/dt)c (V/µs) 0.2 Tj (°C) 0 0.0 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 Figure 11. Relative variation of static dV/dt versus junction temperature 8 Vout = 400 V 1.6 0.1 1 10 100 Figure 12. Relative variation of the maximal clamping voltage versus junction temperature (min value) VCL [T j] / VDRM dV/dt [T j] / dV/dt [T j=125°C] 1.20 Vout=400V 7 1.10 6 1.00 5 0.90 4 0.80 3 0.70 2 0.60 1 Tj(°C) Tj(°C) 0 0.50 25 50 75 100 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 5/11 ACS102-6T 2 AC line switch - basic application 2 AC line switch - basic application The ACS102-6T switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in Figure 13. Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS102-6T switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off snubber. Figure 13. Typical application program Valve AC Mains Power supply 2.1 Vss MCU Vdd Rg ACS102-6T Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS In comparison with standard triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACS102-6T is over-voltage self-protected, specified by the new parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turn-off of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical network. 2.1.1 High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping With high inductive and low RMS current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is lower than IH. As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current decreases (1). The load current reaches the holding current level IH (2), and the ACS turns off (3). The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS (4). The current flows through the ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (5). 6/11 ACS102-6T 2 AC line switch - basic application Figure 14. Effect of the switching off of a high inductive load - typical clamping capability of ACS102-6T Figure 15. Description of the different steps during switching off of a high inductive load 4 I OUT VPEAK = VCL I OUT (5 mA/div) 1 3 1 VOUT (200 V/div) 2 IH 3 4 VOUT 5 IH VCL 2 5 100µs/div 2.1.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness The ACS102-6T switch is able to withstand safely the AC line transients either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises. The test circuit shown in Figure 16 is representative of the final ACS102-6T application, and is also used to test the ACS switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load limiting the current, the ACS102-6T switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. Actually, the ACS102-6T breaks over safely as shown in Figure 17. The ACS102-6T recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero crossing of the current). Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Figure 16. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit Figure 17. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS102-6T for resistive and inductive loads during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test with conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standards VPEAK I OUT (2 A/div) Surge generator "1.2/50 waveform" Rgene 2 VOUT (200 V/div) Model of the load L R 150 5µH ACS102-6Tx 2.4 kV surge Rg 220 200ns/div 7/11 ACS102-6T 3 Ordering information scheme 3 Ordering information scheme ACS 1 02 - 6 T A -TR AC Switch series Number of switches Current 02 = 0.2 ARMS Voltage 6 = 600 V Sensitivity T = 5 mA Package A = TO-92 1 = SO-8 Packing TR = Tape and reel Blank = (TO-92) Bulk (SO-8) Tube 4 Package information 4.1 TO-92 Mechanical data DIMENSIONS REF Millimeters Min. A a A Typ. C 8/11 D E Typ. Max. 0.053 4.70 C F Min. 1.35 B B Max. Inches 0.185 2.54 0.100 D 4.40 0.173 E 12.70 0.500 F 3.70 0.146 a 0.50 0.019 ACS102-6T 4.2 4 Package information SO-8 Mechanical data DIMENSIONS REF. Millimetres Min. C (Seating Plane) ddd C A2 k Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 1.350 1.75 0.053 0.069 A1 0.100 0.250 0.004 0.010 A2 1.100 1.650 0.043 0.065 B 0.330 0.510 0.013 0.020 C 0.190 0.250 0.008 0.010 D 4.800 5.000 0.189 0.197 E 3.800 4.000 0.150 0.157 h x 45° 0.25mm (Gage Plane) A A1 e B Typ. Inches L D 8 5 E 1 e H 4 1.270 0.050 H 5.800 6.200 0.228 0.244 h 0.250 0.500 0.010 0.020 L 0.400 1.270 0.016 0.050 k 0° ddd 8° 0.100 0° 8° 0.004 Figure 18. SO-8 Footprint 6.8 0.6 4.2 1.27 In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect . The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. 9/11 ACS102-6T 5 Ordering information 5 6 10/11 Ordering information Part number Marking Package Weight Base Qty ACS102-6TA ACS1026T TO-92 Bulk ACS102-6TA-TR ACS1026T TO-92 Tape and Reel ACS102-6T1 ACS1026T SO-8 Tube ACS102-6T1-TR ACS1026T SO-8 Tape & reel Revision history Date Revision 05-Jan-2006 1 Changes Initial release. Packing mode ACS102-6T 6 Revision history Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners © 2006 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com 11/11