ACS108-5Sx ASD AC LINE SWITCH AC Switch Family MAIN APPLICATIONS AC Line switch for appliance control systems Drive of low power high inductive or resistive loads like: - solenoid, relay, valve, dispenser - micro-motor - door lock - low power lamp bulb - pump - fan n n OUT G FEATURES n n n n n n COM TO92 ACS108-5SA VDRM / VRRM = 500V Avalanche controlled device IT(RMS) = 0.8 A Gate triggering current : IGT < 10 mA Switch integrated driver Drive reference COM connected to the SOT223 tab COM OUT COM BENEFITS n n n n n n Needs no more external protection snubber & varistor. Enables the equipment to meet IEC1000-4-5 standard. Allows straightforward connection of several SOT223 devices on the same cooling pad. Reduces the switch component count by up to 80%. Interfaces directly with the microcontroller. Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on the microcontroller. DESCRIPTION The ACS108 belongs to the AC line switches built around the ASD concept. This high performance full planar technology device is able to control an 0.8 A load. The ACS switch embeds a high voltage clamping structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. Note: For further technical information, please refer to the Application note AN1172. November 1999 - Ed: 3B G SOT223 ACS108-5SN FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM OUT ACS108 S ON D COM G 1/7 ACS108-5Sx ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values) Symbol Parameter VDRM VRRM Repetitive peak off-state voltage IT(RMS) RMS on-state current full cycle sine wave 50 to 60 Hz Value Unit Tj = 25 °C 500 V Tlead = 60 °C 0.8 A TO92 Tamb = 60 °C 0.3 A SOT223 Tamb = 55 °C 0.8 A 7.3 A TO92 ITSM Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25⊃C, full cycle sine wave F =50 Hz F =60 Hz 8 A dI/dt Critical rate of rise of on-state current IG = 20mA with tr = 100ns Repetitive F =120 Hz note 1 20 A/µs VPP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Tstg Storage temperature range Tj Operating junction temperature range Tl Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s 2 kV - 40 to + 150 °C 0 to + 110 °C 260 °C Value Unit note 1 : according to test described by IEC 1000-4-5 standard & Figure 3. SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values) Symbol PG (AV) Parameter 0.1 W IGM Average gate power dissipation Peak gate current (tp = 20µs) 1 A V GM Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM) 5 V THERMAL RESISTANCES Symbol Rth (j-a) Parameter Value Unit TO92 150 °C/W SOT223 (*) 60 °C/W Junction to ambient Rth (j-l) Junction to lead for full AC line cycle conduction TO92 60 °C/W Rth (j-t) Junction to tab for full AC line cycle conduction SOT223 25 °C/W Values Unit 10 mA (*) : with 5cm2 copper (e=35µm) surface under tab ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS For either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage Symbol IGT VOUT=12V (DC) RL=140Ω Tj=25°C MAX VGT VOUT=12V (DC) RL=140Ω Tj=25°C MAX 1 V VGD VOUT=VDRM RL=3.3kΩ Tj=110°C MIN 0.2 V IOUT= 100mA gate open Tj=25°C TYP 25 mA MAX 60 mA Tj=25°C TYP 30 mA MAX 65 mA Tj=25°C MAX 1.3 V Tj=25°C MAX 2 µA Tj=110°C MAX 50 µA MIN 500 V/µs IH IL IG= 20mA VTM IOUT = 1.1A IDRM IRRM VOUT = VDRM VOUT = VRRM dV/dt VOUT=400V gate open Tj=110°C (dVOUT/dt)c=10V/µs Tj=110°C MIN 0.1 A/ms ICL = 1mA Tj=25°C TYP 600 V (dI/dt)c VCL 2/7 Test Conditions tp=380µs tp=1ms ACS108-5Sx AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION The ACS108 device is well adapted to washing machine, dishwasher, tumble drier, refrigerator, water heater and cookware. It has been designed especially to switch ON and OFF low power loads such as solenoid, valve, relay, micro-motor, fan, pump, door lock and low wattage lamp bulb. Pin COM: Common drive reference to connect to the power line neutral Pin G: Switch Gate input to connect to the digital controller Pin OUT: Switch Output to connect to the Load The ACS switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. Note that no protection device (zener or capacitor) should be added between gates and common terminals. The SOT223 version allows several ACS108 devices to be connected on the same cooling PCB pad which is the COM pin : this cooling pad can be then reduced, and the printed circuit layout is simplified. In appliances systems, the ACS108 switch intends to drive low power load in full cycle ON / OFF mode. When the gate signal is removed, the load is switched off after a delay time that is equal to one half line cycle or one full line cycle depending on the load drive strategy. The turn off commutation characteristics of these loads can be classified in 3 groups as shown in table 1. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACS108 switch is able to drive with no additional turn off snubber, a resistive or inductive load up to 0.2 A (when this load has to switch off within one half AC line cycle), an inductive load up to 0.6 A or a resistive load up to 0.8 A (when this load has to switch off within one full AC line cycle). Table 1: Load grouping versus their turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications). IRMS (A) Door Lock Lamp (dI/dt)c (dV/dt)c TURN-FF DELAY (A/ms) (V/µs) (ms) 0.15 0.15 <10 POWER FACTOR LOAD < 0.3 1 < 0.8 1 0.4 0.15 < 20 Relay Valve Dispenser Micro-motor < 0.1 > 0.7 < 0.05 <5 < 10 Pump Fan < 0.2 > 0.2 < 0.1 < 10 < 10 < 0.6 > 0.2 < 0.3 < 10 < 20 TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM LOAD L AC MAINS L N R OUT S ACS108 ON D COM G ST 72 MCU - Vcc 3/7 ACS108-5Sx INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level IH, and the ACS switch turns off. Because of the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load depends on the holding current IH and the inductance (up to 10 H); it can reach about 20 mJ and is dissipated in the clamping section that is especially designed for that purpose. Fig 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS108 switch with an electro valve: waveform of the gate current IG, pin OUT current IOUT & voltage VOUT. Fig 2: ACS108 switch static characteristic. IOUT IOUT (10 mA/div) VCL = 650V IH IH VOUT VCL VOUT (200V/div) Time (400µs/div) AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS The ACS108 switch is able to sustain safely the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises. The test circuit of the figure 4 is representative of the final ACS application and is also used to stress the ACS switch according to the IEC1000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACS switch sustains the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. It will break over safely even on resistive load where the turn on current rise is high as shown on figure 4. Such non repetitive test can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Fig 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads according to IEC 1000-4-5 standard. R = 150Ω, L = 5µH, VPP = 2kV. Fig 4: Current and voltage of the ACS during IEC 1000-4-5 standard test with a 220Ω - 10µH load & VPP = 2kV. Vout (200 V/div) R L Iout (2 A/div) OUT AC LINE & SURGEVOLTAGE GENERATOR ACSxx S VAC + V PP ON D COM G RG= 220Ω 4/7 dI/dt = 100 A/µs ACS108-5Sx Fig 5: Relative variation of gate trigger current versus junction temperature 2.00 Fig 6: Relative variation of holding & latching currents versus junction temperature IH[Tj]/IH[Tj=25°C] & IL[Tj]/IL[Tj=25°C] IGT[Tj]/IGT[Tj=25°C] 2.0 1.8 1.75 1.6 1.50 1.4 1.25 1.2 1.00 1.0 0.75 0.8 0.6 0.50 0.4 0.25 0.00 0.2 Tj(°C) 0 25 50 75 100 125 Fig 7: On state characteristics @Tj max VTO = 0.90 V & RT = 0.3 Ω (maximum values) Pon = V TO . 2. 2 . I T ( RMS ) Π + R T x I T ( RMS ) 2 0.0 Tj(°C) 0 25 50 75 100 125 Fig 8: Maximum RMS switch current versus ambient temperature on inductive load (PF>0.1) and a low repetitive rate (F < 1 Hz) (*): with 5cm2 copper (e=35µm) surface under tab IOUT (A) 5 2 IT(RMS) (A) 1 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 1 0.8 0.2 TO92 0.4 0.1 0.07 0.05 0.5 SOT223 (*) 0.6 0.2 Tamb (°C) VTM (V) 0 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 Fig 9-1: Relative variation of the junction to ambient thermal impedance versus conducting pulse duration for the SOT223 Standard foot print with 35µm copper layout thickness. 0 10 20 30 40 50 80 90 100 110 120 Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a) Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a) 1.00 0.10 0.10 tp (s) 1E-2 70 Fig 9-2: Relative variation of the junction to ambient thermal impedance versus conducting pulse duration for the TO92. 1.00 0.01 1E-3 60 1E-1 1E+0 tp (s) 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2 0.01 1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2 5/7 ACS108-5Sx Fig. 10: SOT223 thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab (Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness: 35µm) Rth(j-a) (°C/W) 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2 S(Cu) (cm ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 ORDERING INFORMATION ACSTM 1 08 - Number of Switch AC Switch 5 S A VDRM 5 = 500V A = TO92 N = SOT223 Gate Sensitivity S = 10mA ITRMS 08 = 0.8A PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SOT223 DIMENSIONS A c V A1 REF. Millimeters Min. Typ. A Inches Max. 1.80 Min. Typ. Max. 0.071 B A1 e1 D 0.02 0.001 B 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.024 0.027 0.031 B1 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122 c 0.24 0.26 0.32 0.009 0.010 0.013 D 6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 0.264 B1 e H E e1 e 6/7 2.3 0.090 4.6 0.181 E 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 0.146 H 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 0.287 V 10° max ACS108-5Sx PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SOT223 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA TO92 Plastic DIMENSIONS REF. Millimeters A Min. a A Typ. Max. C D E Typ. 0.185 2.54 D 4.40 E 12.70 Max. 0.053 4.70 C F Min. 1.35 B B Inches 0.100 0.173 0.500 F 3.70 0.146 a 0.45 0.017 Ordering type Marking Package Weight Base qty Delivery mode ACS108-5SA ACS08/5S TO92 0.2g 2500 Bulk ACS108-5SN ACS/085S SOT223 0.123g 1000 Tape & reel TM: ASD and ACS are trademarks of STMicroelectronics . Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics 1999 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. 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