STMICROELECTRONICS VIPER22AS-E

VIPer22ADIP - E
VIPer22AS - E
Low Power OFF-Line SMPS Primary Switcher
Features
■
Fixed 60kHZ Switching Frequency
■
9V to 38V Wide Range VDD Voltage
■
Current Mode Control
■
Auxiliary Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
■
High Voltage Start-up Current Source
■
Overtemperature, Overcurrent and
Overvoltage Protection with Auto-Restart
SO-8
Description
The VIPer22A-E combines a dedicated current
mode PWM controller with a high voltage Power
MOSFET on the same silicon chip.
Typical Power Capability
Mains type
SO-8
DIP-8
European (195 - 265 Vac)
12W
20W
US / Wide range (85 - 265 Vac)
7W
12W
DIP-8
Typical applications cover off line power supplies
for battery charger adapters, standby power
supplies for TV or monitors, auxiliary supplies for
motor control, etc. The internal control circuit
offers the following benefits:
– Large input voltage range on the VDD pin
accommodates changes in auxiliary supply
voltage. This feature is well adapted to
battery charger adapter configurations.
– Automatic burst mode in low load condition.
– Overvoltage protection in HICCUP mode.
Block diagram
DRAIN
ON/OFF
60kHz
OSCILLATOR
REGULATOR
INTERNAL
SUPPLY
OVERTEMP.
DETECTOR
R1
S
FF
PWM
LATCH
Q
R2 R3 R4
_
VDD
+
BLANKING
8/14.5V
+
+
42V
_
S
R
FF
_
0.23 V
OVERVOLTAGE
LATCH
230 Ω
Q
1 kΩ
FB
SOURCE
February 2006
Rev1
1/20
www.st.com
20
Contents
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Contents
1
Electrical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1
Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2
Thermal Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3
Pin Connections and Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4
Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.1
Rectangular U-I Output Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.2
Wide Range of VDD Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.3
Feedback Pin Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.4
Startup sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.5
Overvoltage threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
5
Operation pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6
Mechanical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
7
Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2/20
Rev1
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
1
Electrical Data
1.1
Maximum Ratings
Electrical Data
Stressing the device above the rating listed in the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” table may
cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the Operating sections of
this specification is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics SURE
Program and other relevant quality documents.
Table 1.
Absolute Maximum Rating
Symbol
VDS(sw)
VDS(st)
ID
Parameter
Unit
-0.3 ... 730
V
-0.3 ... 400
V
Internally limited
A
0 ... 50
V
3
mA
200
1.5
V
kV
Internally limited
°C
Switching drain source voltage (TJ = 25 ... 125°C) (1)
Start-up drain source voltage (TJ = 25 ... 125°C)
(2)
Continuous drain current
VDD
Supply voltage
IFB
Feedback current
VESD
Value
Electrostatic discharge:
Machine model (R = 0Ω; C = 200pF)
Charged device model
TJ
Junction operating temperature
TC
Case operating temperature
-40 to 150
°C
Tstg
Storage Temperature
-55 to 150
°C
1. This parameter applies when the start-up current source is OFF. This is the case when the VDD voltage
has reached VDDon and remains above VDDoff.
2. This parameter applies when the start up current source is on. This is the case when the VDD voltage has
not yet reached VDDon or has fallen below V DDoff.
1.2
Thermal Data
Table 2.
Symbol
Thermal Data
Parameter
SO-8
DIP-8
Unit
RthJC
Thermal Resistance Junction - Case
Max
25
15
°C/W
RthJA
Thermal Resistance Junction - Ambient (1)
Max
55
45
°C/W
1. When mounted on a standard single-sided FR4 board with 200 mm 2 of Cu (at least 35 µm thick)
connected to all DRAIN pins.
Rev1
3/20
Electrical Characteristics
2
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Electrical Characteristics
TJ = 25°C, VDD = 18V, unless otherwise specified
Table 3.
Power section
Symbol
Parameter
BVDSS
Drain-source voltage
ID = 1mA; VFB = 2V
OFF State drain
current
VDS = 500V; VFB = 2V;
TJ = 125°C
Static drain-source
ON state resistance
ID = 0.4A
ID = 0.4A; TJ = 100°C
tf
Fall time
ID = 0.2A; VIN = 300V (1)
(See Figure 8 on page 12)
100
ns
tr
Rise time
ID = 0.4A; VIN = 300V (1)
(See Figure 8 on page 12)
50
ns
Drain capacitance
VDS = 25V
40
pF
IDSS
rDS(on)
COSS
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
730
Unit
V
15
0.1
mA
17
31
Ω
1. On clamped inductive load
Table 4.
Symbol
Supply section
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
IDDch
Start-up charging
current
VDS = 100V; VDD = 0V ...VDDon
(See Figure 9 on page 12)
IDDoff
Start-up charging
current in thermal
shutdown
VDD = 5V; VDS = 100V
TJ > TSD - THYST
IDD0
Operating supply
current not switching
IFB = 2mA
IDD1
Operating supply
current switching
IFB = 0.5mA; ID = 50mA (1)
4.5
mA
DRST
Restart duty-cycle
(See Figure 10 on page 12)
16
%
VDDoff
VDD Undervoltage
shutdown threshold
(See Figure 9,
Figure 10 on page 12)
7
8
9
V
VDDon
VDD Start-up
threshold
(See Figure 9,
Figure 10 on page 12))
13
14.5
16
V
VDDhyst
VDD Threshold
hysteresis
(See Figure 9 on page 12)
5.8
6.5
7.2
V
VDDovp
VDD Overvoltage
threshold
38
42
46
V
-1
mA
0
mA
3
5
1. These test conditions obtained with a resistive load are leading to the maximum conduction time of the
device.
4/20
Unit
Rev1
mA
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Table 5.
Symbol
FOSC
Table 6.
Symbol
Electrical Characteristics
Oscillation section
Parameter
Oscillator frequency
total variation
Test conditions
VDD = VDDoff ... 35V;
TJ = 0 ... 100°C
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
54
60
66
kHz
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
0.84
A
PWM Comparator section
Parameter
Test Conditions
G ID
IFB to ID current gain
(See Figure 11 on page 13)
IDlim
Peak current
limitation
VFB = 0V
(See Figure 11 on page 13)
IFBsd
IFB Shutdown current
(See Figure 11 on page 13)
0.9
mA
RFB
FB Pin input
impedance
ID = 0mA
(See Figure 11 on page 13)
1.2
kΩ
td
Current sense delay
to turn-OFF
ID = 0.4A
200
ns
tb
Blanking time
500
ns
Minimum Turn-ON
time
700
ns
tONmin
Table 7.
Symbol
0.56
0.7
Overtemperature section
Parameter
Test Conditions
TSD
Thermal shutdown
temperature
(See Figure 12 on page 13)
THYST
Thermal shutdown
hysteresis
(See Figure 12 on page 13)
Table 8.
560
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
140
170
°C
40
°C
Typical Power Capability (1)
Mains type
SO-8
DIP-8
European (195 - 265 Vac)
12W
20W
US / Wide range (85 - 265 Vac)
7W
12W
1. Above power capabilities are given under adequate thermal conditions
Rev1
5/20
Pin Connections and Function
3
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Pin Connections and Function
Figure 1.
Pin connection
SOURCE
1
8
DRAIN
SOURCE
1
8
DRAIN
SOURCE
2
7
DRAIN
SOURCE
2
7
DRAIN
FB
3
6
DRAIN
FB
3
6
DRAIN
VDD
4
5
DRAIN
VDD
4
5
DRAIN
SO-8
Figure 2.
DIP-8
Current and voltage conventions
I DD
ID
VDD
I FB
FB
CONTROL
VDD
VFB
Table 9.
VD
SOURCE
VIPer22A
Pin function
Pin Name
Pin Function
VDD
Power supply of the control circuits. Also provides a charging current during start up
thanks to a high voltage current source connected to the drain. For this purpose, an
hysteresis comparator monitors the VDD voltage and provides two thresholds:
- VDDon: Voltage value (typically 14.5V) at which the device starts switching and turns
off the start up current source.
- VDDoff: Voltage value (typically 8V) at which the device stops switching and turns on
the start up current source.
SOURCE
DRAIN
FB
6/20
DRAIN
Power MOSFET source and circuit ground reference.
Power MOSFET drain. Also used by the internal high voltage current source during
start up phase for charging the external VDD capacitor.
Feedback input. The useful voltage range extends from 0V to 1V, and defines the peak
drain MOSFET current. The current limitation, which corresponds to the maximum
drain current, is obtained for a FB pin shorted to the SOURCE pin.
Rev1
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Operations
4
Operations
4.1
Rectangular U-I Output Characteristics
Figure 3.
Rectangular U-I output characteristics for battery charger
DCOUT
R1
T1
C2
C1
D2
D1
D3
T2
F1
C3
+
AC IN
D4
ISO1
U1
C4
DRAIN
-
VDD
FB
C5
CONTROL
C6
SOURCE
VIPerX2A
C7
R2
D5
U2
R3
R4
Vcc
Vref
R5
C8
C10
C9
-
+
+
-
R6
GND
R7
R8
TSM101
R9
R10
GND
A complete regulation scheme can achieve combined and accurate output characteristics.
Figure 3. presents a secondary feedback through an optocoupler driven by a TSM101. This
device offers two operational amplifiers and a voltage reference, thus allowing the regulation
of both output voltage and current. An integrated OR function performs the combination of
the two resulting error signals, leading to a dual voltage and current limitation, known as a
rectangular output characteristic. This type of power supply is especially useful for battery
chargers where the output is mainly used in current mode, in order to deliver a defined
charging rate. The accurate voltage regulation is also convenient for Li-ion batteries which
require both modes of operation.
4.2
Wide Range of VDD Voltage
The VDD pin voltage range extends from 9V to 38V. This feature offers a great flexibility in
design to achieve various behaviors. In Figure 3 on page 7 a forward configuration has been
chosen to supply the device with two benefits:
Rev1
7/20
Operations
4.3
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
■
As soon as the device starts switching, it immediately receives some energy from the
auxiliary winding. C5 can be therefore reduced and a small ceramic chip (100nF) is
sufficient to insure the filtering function. The total start up time from the switch on of input
voltage to output voltage presence is dramatically decreased.
■
The output current characteristic can be maintained even with very low or zero output
voltage. Since the TSM101 is also supplied in forward mode, it keeps the current
regulation up whatever the output voltage is.The VDD pin voltage may vary as much as
the input voltage, that is to say with a ratio of about 4 for a wide range application.
Feedback Pin Principle of Operation
A feedback pin controls the operation of the device. Unlike conventional PWM control
circuits which use a voltage input (the inverted input of an operational amplifier), the FB pin
is sensitive to current. Figure 4. presents the internal current mode structure.
Figure 4.
Internal current control structure
The Power MOSFET delivers a sense current Is which is proportional to the main current Id.
R2 receives this current and the current coming from the FB pin. The voltage across R2 is
then compared to a fixed reference voltage of about 0.23V. The MOSFET is switched off
when the following equation is reached:
R 2 ⋅ ( I S + IFB ) = 0.23V
8/20
Rev1
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Operations
By extracting IS:
0.23V
I S = ---------------- – I FB
R2
Using the current sense ratio of the MOSFET GID:
0.23V
I D = G I D ⋅ I S = G I D ⋅ ⎛ ---------------- – I FB⎞
⎝ R
⎠
2
The current limitation is obtained with the FB pin shorted to ground (V FB = 0V). This leads to
a negative current sourced by this pin, and expressed by:
0.23V
I FB = – ---------------R1
By reporting this expression in the previous one, it is possible to obtain the drain current
limitation IDlim:
1
1
IDlim = G I D ⋅ 0.23V ⋅ ⎛ ------- + -------⎞
⎝R
⎠
2 R1
In a real application, the FB pin is driven with an optocoupler as shown on Figure 4. which
acts as a pull up. So, it is not possible to really short this pin to ground and the above drain
current value is not achievable. Nevertheless, the capacitor C is averaging the voltage on
the FB pin, and when the optocoupler is off (start up or short circuit), it can be assumed that
the corresponding voltage is very close to 0V.
For low drain currents, the formula (1) is valid as long as IFB satisfies IFB < IFBsd, where
IFBsd is an internal threshold of the VIPer22A. If IFB exceeds this threshold the device will
stop switching. This is represented on Figure 11 on page 13, and IFBsd value is specified in the
PWM COMPARATOR SECTION. Actually, as soon as the drain current is about 12% of
Idlim, that is to say 85 mA, the device will enter a burst mode operation by missing switching
cycles. This is especially important when the converter is lightly loaded.
Figure 5.
IFB Transfer function
IDpeak
IDlim
Part masked
threshold
by
the
IFBsd
1
t
⋅V
ON m in
IN
----------------------------------------L
85mA
2
t
⋅V
ON m in
IN
----------------------------------------L
IFB
IFBsd
0
It is then possible to build the total DC transfer function between ID and IFB as shown on
Figure 5 on page 9. This figure also takes into account the internal blanking time and its
associated minimum turn on time. This imposes a minimum drain current under which the
device is no more able to control it in a linear way. This drain current depends on the primary
inductance value of the transformer and the input voltage. Two cases may occur, depending
on the value of this current versus the fixed 85mA value, as described above.
Rev1
9/20
Operations
4.4
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Startup sequence
Figure 6.
Startup sequence
This device includes a high voltage start up current source connected on the drain of the
device. As soon as a voltage is applied on the input of the converter, this start up current
source is activated as long as V DD is lower than VDDon. When reaching VDDon, the start up
current source is switched OFF and the device begins to operate by turning on and off its
main power MOSFET. As the FB pin does not receive any current from the optocoupler, the
device operates at full current capacity and the output voltage rises until reaching the
regulation point where the secondary loop begins to send a current in the optocoupler. At
this point, the converter enters a regulated operation where the FB pin receives the amount
of current needed to deliver the right power on secondary side.
This sequence is shown in Figure 6. Note that during the real starting phase tss, the device
consumes some energy from the V DD capacitor, waiting for the auxiliary winding to provide
a continuous supply. If the value of this capacitor is too low, the start up phase is terminated
before receiving any energy from the auxiliary winding and the converter never starts up.
This is illustrated also in the same figure in dashed lines.
10/20
Rev1
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
4.5
Operations
Overvoltage threshold
An overvoltage detector on the VDD pin allows the VIPer22A to reset itself when VDD
exceeds VDDovp. This is illustrated in Figure 7. which shows the whole sequence of an
overvoltage event. Note that this event is only latched for the time needed by VDD to reach
VDDoff, and then the device resumes normal operation automatically.
Figure 7.
Overvoltage Sequence
VDD
VDDovp
VDDon
VDDoff
t
VDS
t
Rev1
11/20
Operation pictures
5
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Operation pictures
Figure 8.
Rise and Fall time
ID
C
L
D
C << Coss
t
VDS
VDD
FB
90%
DRAIN
300V
CONTROL
SOURCE
trv
tfv
VIPer22A
t
10%
Figure 9.
Start-up V DD current
IDD
IDD0
VDDhyst
VDDoff
VDD
VDDon
IDDch
V DS = 100 V
Fsw = 0 kHz
Figure 10. Restart duty-cycle
VDD
VDDon
VDD
10µF
VDDoff
tCH
tST
t
tST
D RST = --------------------------t
+t
ST CH
12/20
Rev1
FB
2V
DRAIN
CONTROL
100V
SOURCE
VIPer22A
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Operation pictures
Figure 11. Peak drain current Vs. feedback current
100V
ID
4mH
IDpeak
VDD
1/FOSC
t
FB
18V
DRAIN
100V
CONTROL
SOURCE
IFB
47nF
VIPer22A
VFB
I
FBsd
⋅R
FB
The drain current limitation is
obtained for VFB = 0 V, and a
negative current is drawn from
the FB pin. See the Application
section for further details.
IFB
IDpeak
IDlim
∆I Dpeak
G ID = –-----------------------∆I
FB
IFB
0
IFBsd
Figure 12. Thermal shutdown
Rev1
13/20
Operation pictures
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Figure 13. Switching frequency Vs. temperature
Figure 14. Current Limitation vs. Temperature
14/20
Rev1
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
6
Mechanical Data
Mechanical Data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of
second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in
compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering
conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
Rev1
15/20
Mechanical Data
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Table 10.
DIP-8 Mechanical Data
Dimensions
Databook (mm.)
Ref.
Nom.
Min.
A
5.33
A1
0.38
A2
2.92
3.30
4.95
b
0.36
0.46
0.56
b2
1.14
1.52
1.78
c
0.20
0.25
0.36
D
9.02
9.27
10.16
E
7.62
7.87
8.26
E1
6.10
6.35
7.11
e
2.54
eA
7.62
eB
L
10.92
2.92
3.30
Package Weight
Gr. 470
Figure 15. Package Dimensions
16/20
Max.
Rev1
3.81
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Table 11.
Mechanical Data
SO-8 Mechanical Data
Dimensions
Databook (mm.
Ref.
Nom.
Min.
Max.
A
1.35
1.75
A1
0.10
0.25
A2
1.10
1.65
B
0.33
0.51
C
0.19
0.25
D
4.80
5.00
E
3.80
4.00
e
1.27
H
5.80
6.20
h
0.25
0.50
L
0.40
1.27
k
8° (max.)
ddd
0.1
Figure 16. Package Dimensions
Rev1
17/20
Order codes
7
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Order codes
Table 12.
18/20
Order codes
Part Number
Package
Shipment
VIPER22ASTR-E
SO-8
Tape and Reel
VIPer22AS - E
SO-8
Tube
VIPer22ADIP - E
DIP-8
Tube
Rev1
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
8
Revision history
Revision history
Table 13.
Document revision history
Date
Revision
09-Feb-2006
1
Changes
Initial release.
Rev1
19/20
VIPer22ADIP/ VIPer22AS - E
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences
of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted
by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject
to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not
authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics.
The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics.
All other names are the property of their respective owners
© 2006 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved
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20/20
Rev1