PERKINELMER GP-485

P
erkinElmer’s Mini-Triggered
Mini-Triggered
Spark Gaps
and Transformers
EVERYTHING
IN A
Spark Gaps are designed for high relia-
NEW
bility switching up to 4 kV and 10 kA.
LIGHT.
Constructed of hermetically sealed
ceramic-metal, filled with pressurized
gas, they are typically used for activating
electro-explosive devices such as
exploding bridgewires, electronic
safe and arm systems, and detonators.
PerkinElmer’s Trigger Transformers are
matched to the requirements of the
Mini-Triggered Spark Gaps to provide
a high voltage pulse with a fast rise
time and low current. PerkinElmer
Trigger Transformers are designed
to be the most durable and reliable
transformers available.
Features
• High reliability
• Extremely low jitter
• Environmentally durable
• Small size
• Matching trigger transformers
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
page 3
Miniature Triggered
Spark Gaps
These compact small, rugged gaps
were designed for high-reliability
Performance
Characteristics
The triggered spark gap is a three
applications where size, switch
Electrical characteristics are
element, gas-filled, ceramic-to-metal,
speed, and ability to withstand
determined by testing in the circuit
hermetically sealed, pressurized
rugged missile environmental condi-
shown in Figure 1. The output circuit
switch that operates in an arc dis-
tions of extreme shock, temperature,
consisting of the switch, a 0.2 µF
charge mode, conducting moderately
and vibration are required. They are
capacitor, and a 0.25 ohm current
high peak currents for short dura-
designed for switching peak currents
viewing resistor (CVR) is typical for life
tions. Commutation between two
up to 10kA at operating voltages
testing. It closely matches the condi-
main electrodes is initiated by a
from 2.0 to 4.0 kV with reliable
tions found in many typically used
trigger pulse.
triggering voltage of 2kV. Prefires
circuits. For function testing, the 0.25
and failure to fire have been fully
ohm CVR is replaced with a 0.005
evaluated in the basic gap designs.
ohm CVR.
Applications
Switching speeds of 70ns with trigger
Precision timing and firing for in-flight
pulse energies as low as 500 micro-
functions such as rocket motor igni-
joules is typical.
Typical data taken with a 0.005 ohm
CVR are shown in Figure 2. This
curve contains traces of the trigger
tion, warhead detonation and missile
stage separation. Each of these
voltage and conduction current. First,
Conduction
Current
applications involves the activation
the trigger voltage rises to the point
of trigger breakdown. Then there is a
of electro-explosive devices such as:
•
•
•
•
period designated “turn-on” or delay
Trigger
Voltage
Exploding bridgewire (EBW)
Exploding foil initiator (EFI)
time during which the arc is forming
followed by main gap conduction.
Time
Electronic safe and arm (ESA)
This delay time varies from 50 to
Turn-on
Time
Slapper/detonator
1500 ns depending on gap operating
voltage, trigger mode, amplitude and
pulse width.
Figure 2. Trigger Voltage Breakdown and
Main Gap Conduction Current
GAP
+
+
1.0 mΩ
2.4-3.5 KV
AE
CT
+
0.2 µF
T
VT(IN)
TR
2N6798
CVR
—
VT(IN)
Volts DC
20-40
100-200
CT
µF
2.2
0.10
XFMR
TR-2189/2206
TR-2190/2207
VT(OC)—TRIGGER VOLTAGE (OPEN CIRCUIT)
5 mΩ
OE
NORMAL
OPERATING
REGION
KNEE
VT(min)
CUTOFF
REGION
SELF-BREAKDOWN
REGION
OPERATING
RANGE
E-E(co) E-E(min)
E-E(max)
SBV
E-E = ELECTRODE-TO-ELECTRODE VOLTAGE
Figure 1. Triggered Spark Gap Test Circuit
Figure 3. Transfer Characteristics
page 2
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
The trigger transformer circuit must
Life
Life test data indicate reliable firing on
be capable of providing a small sus-
End of life is determined by changes
many gaps after 2000 shots at 6000
taining current, typically, a few tens
in the gap’s performance due to elec-
amps peak current for 200 ns pulse
of milliamperes for reliable triggering.
trode erosion or gas cleanup. Prefire
width at 3.5 kV and load of 0.25
the characteristic “ring down” of con-
(firing without a trigger signal) or fail-
ohm. Life will be reduced with higher
duction current is used to compute
ure to fire (no fire with trigger applied)
peak currents.
circuit impedance. The circuit is
are typical symptoms determining
mechanically designed to yield the
end of life.
lowest possible overall inductance
and resistance. Excluding the CVR,
a typical circuit resistance is 60
milliohms. Circuit inductance can
vary from 30 to 50 nH.
0.020 ± 0.010
(0.51)
Transfer Characteristics
0.270 ± 0.010
(6.06)
0.314 ± 0.005
(7.98)
T
GP-485
For the GP-486 the operating range
of 2.0 kV. Static Breakdown Voltage
(SBV) is 4.5 kV. Trigger mode is "C" -
0.415 ± 0.015
(10.54)
3.0 MIN.
(76.2)
(E-E) is 2.0 to 4.0 kV with a minimum
trigger voltage (VT(OC)) open circuit
OE
AE
0.415 ± 0.015
(10.54)
0.105 ± 0.010
(2.67)
0.437 ± 0.010
(11.10)
0.130 ± 0.015
(3.30)
0.314 ± 0.005
(7.98)
GP-486
T
0.41 MAX (10.4)
AE
positive trigger and positive opposite
3.0 MIN
(76.2)
electrode (OE). Changing polarities
0.610 (15.5)
MAX
characteristics. The triggered spark
gap operating range is shown in
0.325 MAX
(8.25)
0.267 ± 0.010
(6.78)
will result in changes in operating
3.0 (76.2)
MIN
0.247 ± 0.005
(6.27)
0.098 (2.50)
MAX
0.267 ‚ 0.010
(6.78 ± 0.254)
"same"
0.278 ± 0.010
(7.01 ± 0.25)
0.064/0.120
1.63/3.05
OE
AE
0.563 (14.30)
MIN
GP-488
0.335 (8.5)
MAX
AE
0.370 ± 0.005
(0.94 ± 0.13)
0.319
(8.1)
MAX
OE
T
Figure 3.
0.025 (0.635)
0.010 (0.254)
OE
0.335 (8.51)
MAX
0.050 ± 0.010
(1.27 ± 0.25)
T
0.040 ± 0.003
(1.016)
0.015 ± 0.005
(0.38 ± 0.13)
(2 PLCS)
0.147 ± 0.015
(3.73 ± 0.38)
GP-489
0.040 (1.02) TYP
(2 PLCS)
0.247 ± 0.020
(6.27 ± 0.51)
T — Trigger Electrode; AE — Adjacent Electrode; OE — Opposite Electrode
Mechanical Specifications
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
page 3
OPERATING SPECIFICATIONS
EG&G
Model No.
Min (kV)
Max (kV)
SBV
Minimum
Static
Breakdown
Voltage (kV)
GP-485
2
4
4.5
2
10
GP-486
2
4
4.5
2
10
GP-488
2
4
4.5
2
10
GP-489
2
4
4.5
2
10
E-E
Operating Range
VT(Open Circuit)
Minimum
Trigger
Voltage
(kV)
Peak
Pulse
Current
(kA)
Environmental Specifications
Ambient/Operating temperature range
-45 to +100°C. Storage temperature range -65 to + 125°C
Vibration
15 to 500 Hz at 10 g maximum
Shock
per MIL-STD-202D, method 204, Test Condition A (30g, 11 mS).
Thermal Shock
per MIL-STD-202D, method 107, Test Condition B (-65 to + 125°C).
Humidity
per MIL-T-5422E, paragraph 4.4.
Electrical Specifications
Electrode capacity
Less than 5 pf.
Interelectrode resistance
Greater than 1010 ohms at 500 V.
Mechanical Specifications
Envelope
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
Ceramic-metal, hermetically sealed, exposed metal parts nickel plated.
page 4
Miniature Trigger
Transformers
TR-2189/2190/2206/
2207
These transformers were custom-
low input voltage transformers,
designed for reliable triggering of the
round, with flying leads and solder
PerkinElmer GP-485/486/488/489
connections. The TR-2190 and
triggered spark gaps. They have
TR-2207 are high input voltage
operating circuit output voltages well
transformers, square, with pins for
above the maximum required by the
PC board connection.
switches and are capable of sustaining the trigger to adjacent electrode
+ 1.0 MΩ
PS
TR
VT(IN)
current during the turn-on phase of
SF
CT
gap operation. These transformers
PF
SS
are constructed using miniature
cores, wound and potted, to produce
vT(OC)
2N6798
high output voltage with a minimum
of corona at twice rated output volt-
5
4
CT = 2.2µf
3
2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
9
TR-2189
TR-2206
8
TR-2190
TR-2207
7
6
5
GND
CT = 0.1µf
4
3
2
0
50
VT(IN)—INPUT VOLTAGE, kV
GND
100
150
200
VT(IN)—INPUT VOLTAGE, kV
vT(OC)
6
Transformer Circuit
VT(IN) = 20 V vT(OC) = 3.85 kV, Peak VT(IN) = 110 V vT(OC) = 4.37 kV, Peak
TR-2190/2207—High Voltage
Peak vT(OC) vs Peak VT(IN)
vT(OC)
TR-2189/2206—Low Voltage
Peak vT(OC) vs Peak VT(IN)
7
vT(OC)—TYPICAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE, kV
vT(OC)—TYPICAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE, kV
age. The TR-2189 and TR-2206 are
500ns/Div
500ns/Div
TIME
250
TIME
Notes: 1. Pulse rise time (10 to 90%): 2.2 µS max
2. Pulse width at 30% of max: 1.0 µS max
3. Corona pri-sec voltage of 8 kVDC
Output Voltage as a Function of Input Voltage
Output Pulse Shapes
3 IN. MIN
(76.20)
TYP
YEL/W
H
#28 AWG
33 TEFLON
0.10 ± 0.02
(2.54 ± 0.5)
SS
SF
PS
PF
YEL
PS
BLK
T
RED
TR-2189
SS
TR-2206
PF
SF
0.700 ± 0.010
SQUARE
(17.78 ± 0.25)
0.685 ± 0.010
Z917.4 ± 0.25)
0.400 ± 0.010
(10.16 ± 0.25)
#28 AWG
E TEFLON
0.10 ± 0.02
(2.54 ± 0.51)
TR-2189
*TR-2190
0.031
(0.79)
PIN. TYP
0.400 ± 0.010
(10.16 ± 0.25)
0.520 ± 0.005
SQUARE
(13.21 ± 0.13)
0.200 ± 0.010
(5.08 ± 0.25)
*TR-2190 primary input leads are #30 AWG
E Teflon covered wire
TR-2206
TR-2207
Note: Dimensions in inches (mm in parentheses)
Mechanical Specifications
page 5
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
Mini-Triggered Spark Gaps and Transformers
Marking
PerkinElmer’s trademark, part designation, and date code.
PerkinElmer welcomes inquiries about special types. We would be pleased to discuss the requirements
of your application and the feasibility of designing a type specifically suited to your needs.
Our Quality and Environmental Policy
“Our goal is to supply our customers
the agreed quantity of specified products and services,
defect free and on time while conducting business
in an environmentally responsible manner”
* All values are nominal; specifications subject to change without notice.
To request additional information, receive a quote, or place an order, please contact PerkinElmer Optoelectronics at office listed below.
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
35 Congress Street
Salem, MA 01970
Toll Free: (800) 950-3441 (USA)
Phone: (978) 745-3200
Fax: (978) 745-0894
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics
PerkinElmer is a registered trademark of PerkinElmer, Inc.
www.perkinelmer.com/opto
Copyright © PerkinElmer
All rights reserved
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