LCX019AM
3.4cm (1.32-inch) LCD Panel (with microlens)
For the availability of this product, please contact the sales office.
Description
The LCX019AM is a 3.4cm diagonal active matrix
TFT-LCD panel addressed by polycrystalline silicon
super thin film transistors with built-in peripheral
driving circuit. This panel allows full-color
representation without color filters through the use of
a microlens.
This panel has an aspect ratio of 4:3 and supports
NTSC/PAL display.
This panel has a polysilicon TFT high-speed
scanner and built-in function to display images
up/down and/or right/left inverse. The built-in 5V
interface circuit leads to lower voltage of timing and
control signals.
Features
• The number of active dots: 576,000 (1.32-inch; 3.4cm in diagonal)
• Horizontal resolution: 600TV lines
• Effective aperture ratio: 70% (reference value)
• High contrast ratio with normally white mode: 200 (typ.)
• Built-in H and V drivers (built-in input level conversion circuit, 5V driving possible)
• Supports NTSC
(PAL mode also available through conversion of scanned dot numbers by an external IC)
• Up/down and/or right/left inverse display function
Element Structure
• Dots: 1199.5 (H) × 480 (V) = 575,760
• Built-in peripheral driver using polycrystalline silicon super thin film transistors.
Applications
Liquid crystal projectors, etc.
Sony reserves the right to change products and specifications without prior notice. This information does not convey any license by
any implication or otherwise under any patents or other right. Application circuits shown, if any, are typical examples illustrating the
operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits.
–1–
E97106A94-PS
Precharge
Controller
Bi-directional V Driver
Bi-directional V Driver
Mode Controller
Level
Shifter
VSS
SIG6 (B2)
SIG5 (R2)
SIG4 (G2)
SIG3 (B1)
SIG2 (R1)
SIG1 (G1)
COM
10 11 23 17
2
9
8
7
6
5
4
1
–2–
VVDD
HVDD
VSSG
3 14 15 16 12 13 20 19 22 21 18
AVDD
ENB
DWN
PCG
VCK
VST
RGT
N.C.
HCK2
HCK1
HST
PSIG
LCX019AM
Block Diagram
Bi-directional H Driver
VCOM
LCX019AM
Absolute Maximum Ratings (VSS = 0V)
• H driver supply voltage
HVDD
• V driver supply voltage
VVDD
• Analog block drive supply voltage AVDD
• Common pad voltage
COM
• H shift register input pin voltage
HST, HCK1, HCK2
RGT
• V shift register input pin voltage
VST, VCK, PCG
ENB, DWN
• Video signal input pin voltage
SIG1, SIG2, SIG3, SIG4
SIG5, SIG6, PSIG
• Operating temperature
Topr
• Storage temperature
Tstg
–1.0 to +20
–1.0 to +20
–1.0 to +20
–1.0 to +17
–1.0 to +17
V
V
V
V
V
–1.0 to +17
V
–1.0 to +15
V
–10 to +70
–30 to +85
°C
°C
Operating Conditions (VSS = 0V)
• Supply voltage
HVDD 13.5 ± 0.3
V
V
VVDD 13.5 ± 0.3
AVDD 15.5 ± 0.3
V
• Input pulse voltage (Vp-p of all input pins except video signal and side black signal input pins)
Vin
5.0 ± 0.5
V
Pin Description
Pin
No.
Symbol
Pin
No.
Description
Symbol
Description
1
COM
Common voltage of panel
13
RGT
Drive direction pulse for H shift
register (H: normal, L: reverse)
2
VSSG
Analog block GND
14
HST
Start pulse for H shift register
drive
3
PSIG
Improvement pulse for uniformity
15
HCK1
Clock pulse for H shift register
drive
4
SIG1 (G1) Video signal 1 (G) to panel
16
HCK2
Clock pulse for H shift register
drive
5
SIG2 (R1) Video signal 2 (R) to panel
17
VSS
GND (H, V drivers)
6
SIG3 (B1)
Video signal 3 (B) to panel
18
ENB
Enable pulse for gate selection
7
SIG4 (G2) Video signal 4 (G) to panel
19
VCK
Clock pulse for V shift register
drive
8
SIG5 (R2) Video signal 5 (R) to panel
20
VST
Start pulse for V shift register
drive
9
SIG6 (B2)
Video signal 6 (B) to panel
21
DWN
Drive direction pulse for V shift
register (H: normal, L: reverse)
10
AVDD
Analog block power supply
22
PCG
Improvement pulse (2) for
uniformity
11
HVDD
Power supply for H driver
23
VVDD
Power supply for V driver
12
N.C.
24
TEST
Test; Open
–3–
LCX019AM
Input Equivalent Circuit
To prevent static charges, protective diodes are provided for each pin except the power supply. In addition,
protective resistors are added to all pins except video signal input. All pins are connected to VSS with a high
resistance of 1MΩ (typ.). The equivalent circuit of each input pin is shown below: (The resistor value: typ.)
(1) SIG1, SIG2, SIG3, SIG4, SIG5, SIG6, PSIG
HVDD
Input
1MΩ
VSS
VSS
Signal line
(2) HCK1, HCK2
HVDD
250Ω
250Ω
Input
Level conversion circuit
(2-phase input)
250Ω
250Ω
1MΩ
VSS
1MΩ
(3) RGT
HVDD
2.5kΩ
2.5kΩ
Input
Level conversion circuit
(single-phase input)
1MΩ
VSS
(4) HST
HVDD
250Ω
250Ω
Input
Level conversion circuit
(single-phase input)
1MΩ
VSS
(5) PCG, VCK
VVDD
250Ω
250Ω
Input
Level conversion circuit
(single-phase input)
1MΩ
VSS
(6) VST, ENB, DWN
VVDD
2.5kΩ
2.5kΩ
Input
Level conversion circuit
(single-phase input)
1MΩ
VSS
(7) COM
VVDD
Input
1MΩ
LC
VSS
–4–
LCX019AM
Input Signals
1. Input signal voltage conditions
Item
(Vss = 0V)
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
H driver input voltage
RGT, HST, HCK1, HCK2
(Low)
VHIL
–0.5
0.0
0.3
V
(High)
VHIH
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
V driver input voltage
ENB, VCK, PCG, VST, DWN
(Low)
VVIL
–0.5
0.0
0.3
V
(High)
VVIH
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
VVC
6.8
7.0
7.2
V
Vsig
VVC – 4.5
—
VVC + 4.5
V
Video signal center voltage
Video signal input range∗1 (SIG1 to 6)
Common voltage of panel∗2
Vcom VVC – 0.3
VVC – 0.2
VVC – 0.1
V
Uniformity improvement signal input
(PSIG)∗3
Vpsig
VVC ± 3.4
VVC ± 3.5
VVC ± 3.6
V
∗1 Video input signal shall be symmetrical to VVC.
∗2 Common voltage of the panel shall be adjusted to VVC – 0.2 V.
∗3 The uniformity improvement signal PSIG shall be input with the same polarity as video signals SIG1 to 6
and symmetrically with respect to VVC. Also, the PSIG rise and fall shall be synchronized with the PCG
pulse rise and the time between the rise trPSIG and fall tfPSIG shall be kept to 800ns or less. (See the
figure below.)
Uniformity Improvement Signal PSIG Input Waveform
90%
VVC
PSIG
10%
trPSIG
tfPSIG
PCG
Level Conversion Circuit
The LCX019AM has a built-in level conversion circuit in the clock input unit on the panel. The input signal level
increases to HVDD or VVDD. The VCC of external ICs are applicable to 5 ± 0.5V.
–5–
LCX019AM
2. Clock timing conditions
(Ta = 25°C) (fHCKn = 3.82MHz, fVCK = 15.7kHz)
Item
HST
HCK
VST
VCK
ENB
PCG
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Hst rise time
trHst
—
—
30
Hst fall time
tfHst
—
—
30
Hst data set-up time
tdHst
–15
0
15
Hst data hold time
Hckn∗4 rise time
thHst
116
131
146
trHckn
—
—
30
Hckn∗4 fall time
tfHckn
—
—
30
Hck1 fall to Hck2 rise time
to1Hck
–15
0
15
Hck1 rise to Hck2 fall time
to2Hck
–15
0
15
Vst rise time
trVst
—
—
100
Vst fall time
tfVst
—
—
100
Vst data set-up time
tdVst
5
15
25
Vst data hold time
thVst
5
15
25
Vck rise time
trVck
—
—
100
Vck fall time
tfVck
—
—
100
Enb rise time
trEnb
—
—
100
Enb fall time
tfEnb
—
—
100
Vck rise/fall to Enb rise time
tdEnb
350
400
450
Enb pulse width
twEnb
3450
3500
3550
Pcg rise time
trPcg
—
—
20
Pcg fall time
tfPcg
—
—
20
Pcg fall to Vck rise/fall time
toVck
250
300
350
Pcg pulse width
twPcg
1750
1800
1850
∗4 Hckn means Hck1 and Hck2.
–6–
Unit
ns
µs
ns
LCX019AM
<Horizontal Shift Register Driving Waveform>
Item
Hst rise time
Symbol
Waveform
trHst
90%
Hst
Hst fall time
HST
90%
10%
tfHst
10%
trHst
tfHst
• Hckn∗4
duty cycle 50%
to1Hck = 0ns
to2Hck = 0ns
∗5
Hst data set-up time
tdHst
50%
Hst
50%
Hck1
Hst data hold time
50%
Hckn∗4 rise time
trHckn
90%
10%
10%
tfHckn
trHckn
Hck1 fall to Hck2 rise
time
∗5
to1Hck
50%
to2Hck
tfHckn
50%
Hck1
50%
Hck1 rise to Hck2 fall
time
50%
Hck2
to2Hck
–7–
• Hckn∗4
duty cycle 50%
to1Hck = 0ns
to2Hck = 0ns
thHst
90%
∗4
Hckn
Hckn∗4 fall time
50%
thHst
tdHst
HCK
Conditions
to1Hck
• Hckn∗4
duty cycle 50%
to1Hck = 0ns
to2Hck = 0ns
LCX019AM
<Vertical Shift Register Driving Waveform>
Item
Vst rise time
Symbol
Waveform
90%
trVst
Vst
Vst fall time
VST
tdVst
90%
10%
tfVst
10%
trVst
∗5
Vst data set-up time
Conditions
tfVst
50%
50%
Vst
50%
50%
Vck
Vst data hold time
Vck rise time
thVst
trVck
Vck fall time
thVst
90%
90%
10%
Vck
VCK
tdVst
10%
tfVck
trVckn
Enb rise time
trEnb
90%
10%
tfVckn
10%
90%
Enb
ENB
Enb fall time
tfEnb
Vck rise/fall to Enb rise
time
tdEnb
tfEn
Vck
50%
Enb
Enb pulse width
trEn
50%
50%
twEnb
twEnb
Pcg rise time
trPcg
Pcg fall time
tfPcg
Pcg fall to Vck rise/fall
time
toVck
Pcg pulse width
twPcg
Vck
PCG
Pcg
tdEnb
∗5
50%
50%
50%
twPcg
toVck
∗5
∗5 Definitions: The right-pointing arrow (
) means +.
The left-pointing arrow (
) means –.
The black dot at an arrow (
) indicates the start of measurement.
–8–
LCX019AM
Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C, HVDD = 13.5V, VVDD = 13.5V, AVDD =15.5V)
1. Horizontal drivers
Item
Input pin capacitance
Input pin current
Symbol Min.
Typ.
Max. Unit
HCKn
CHckn
—
12
17
pF
HST
CHst
—
12
17
pF
Conditions
HCK1
–500 –100
—
µA
HCK1 = GND
HCK2
–1000 –350
—
µA
HCK2 = GND
HST
–500 –150
—
µA
HST = GND
RGT
–150
–30
—
µA
RGT = GND
Video signal input pin capacitance
Csig
—
250
—
pF
Current consumption
IH
—
3.5
7
mA
HCKn: HCK1, HCK2 (3.82MHz)
2. Vertical drivers
Item
Input pin capacitance
Input pin current
Symbol Min.
Typ.
Max. Unit
Conditions
VCK
CVck
—
12
17
pF
VST
CVst
—
12
17
pF
–500 –150
—
µA
VCK = GND
–150
–30
—
µA
PCG, VST, EN, DWN = GND
—
1.1
4
mA
VCK: (15.7kHz)
VCK
PCG, VST, ENB, DWN
Current consumption
IV
3. Analog block
Item
Symbol Min.
Current consumption
IA
Typ.
—
1.4
Max. Unit
4
mA
Conditions
HCKn, HCK1, HCK2 (3.82MHz)
VCK (15.7kHz)
4. Total power consumption of the panel
Item
Total power consumption
of the panel (NTSC)
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
—
80
160
mW
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Rpin
0.4
1
—
MΩ
PWR
5. Pin input resistance
Item
Pin – VSS input resistance
6. Uniformity improvement signal input capacitance
Item
Uniformity improvement
signal
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
CPSIGon
—
13
16
nF
–9–
LCX019AM
Electro-optical Characteristics
(Ta = 25°C, NTSC mode)
Item
Symbol
Measurement method Min. Typ. Max.
Unit
Contrast ratio
60°C
CR60
1
130 200
—
—
Effective aperture ratio
60°C
Teff
2
60
70
—
%
RV90-25
1.0
1.3
1.7
GV90-25
1.0
1.4
1.8
BV90-25
1.1
1.6
1.9
RV90-60
1.0
1.3
1.7
GV90-60
1.0
1.4
1.8
BV90-60
1.1
1.6
1.9
RV50-25
1.4
1.7
2.0
GV50-25
1.5
1.8
2.1
1.6
1.9
2.2
RV50-60
1.4
1.7
2.1
GV50-60
1.4
1.8
2.1
BV50-60
1.5
1.9
2.2
RV10-25
1.7
2.1
2.6
GV10-25
1.7
2.2
2.6
BV10-25
1.8
2.3
2.7
RV10-60
1.7
2.1
2.6
GV10-60
1.8
2.2
2.7
BV10-60
1.8
2.3
2.7
0°C
ton0
—
30
80
25°C
ton25
—
17
40
0°C
toff0
—
100
200
25°C
toff25
—
30
70
Flicker
60°C
F
5
—
–65
–40
dB
Image retention time
25°C
YT60
6
—
—
0
s
Cross talk
25°C
CTK
7
—
—
5
%
25°C
V90
60°C
25°C
V-T
characteristics
BV50-25
V50
60°C
25°C
V10
60°C
ON time
Response time
OFF time
– 10 –
3
4
V
ms
LCX019AM
<Electro-optical Characteristics Measurement>
Basic measurement conditions
(1) Driving voltage
HVDD = 13.5V, VVDD = 13.5V, AVDD = 15.5V
VVC = 7.0V, Vcom = 6.8V
(6) Optical measurement systems
(2) Measurement temperature
25°C unless otherwise specified.
• Measurement system I
(3) Measurement point
One point in the center of screen unless
otherwise specified.
Relay lens system
B
R
G
Dichroic
mirrors
(4) Measurement systems
Two types of measurement system are used
as shown below.
LCD panel
Fresnel lens
(5) Video input signal voltage (Vsig)
Vsig = 7.0 ± VAC [V] (VAC: signal amplitude)
Elliptic mirror
Relative light intensity
100W lamp angle distribution
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.0
Projection lenses
Screen
1.0
2.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
Panel incident light dispersion angle [ ° ]
• Measurement system II
Optical fiber
Light receptor lens
LIght Detector
Measurement Equipment
LCD panel
Drive Circuit
Light Source
1. Contrast ratio
Contrast Ratio (CR) is given by the following formula (1).
CR =
L (White)
L (Black) ...... (1)
L (White): Surface luminance of the TFT-LCD panel at the input signal amplitude VAC = 0.5V
L (Black): Surface luminance of the panel at VAC = 4.5V
Both luminosities are measured by System I.
– 11 –
LCX019AM
2. Effective aperture ratio
Measure the luminances below on the screen in System I, and calculate the effective aperture ratio using
the following formula (2).
Luminance for panel with microlens
× (TFT aperture ratio) × 100 [%] ...... (2)
Luminance for panel without microlens
Transmittance [%]
3. V-T characteristics
V-T characteristics, the relationship between signal
amplitude and the transmittance of the panels, are
measured by System II. V90, V50 and V10 correspond
to the each voltage which defines 90%, 50% and 10%
of transmittance respectively.
The angles of incidence for R, G and B are as shown
in the diagram below.
Red: Center: Vertical
Green: Left:
7.75 ± 0.5°
Blue: Right: 7.75 ± 0.5°
90
50
10
V90
V50 V10
VAC – Signal amplitude [V]
Left
Center
Right
Optimum angle of
incidence 7.75 ± 0.5°
Optimum angle of
incidence 7.75 ± 0.5°
Pad
4. Response time
Response time ton and toff are defined by
the formulas (3) and (4) respectively.
Input signal voltage (waveform applied to the measured pixels)
4.5V
ton = t1 – tON ...... (3)
toff = t2 – tOFF ...... (4)
t1: time which gives 10% transmittance of
the panel.
t2: time which gives 90% transmittance of
the panel.
0.5V
7.0V
0V
Optical transmission output waveform
100%
90%
The relationships between t1, t2, tON and
tOFF are shown in the right figure.
10%
0%
tON
t1
ton
– 12 –
tOFF
t2
toff
LCX019AM
5. Flicker
Flicker (F) is given by the formula (5). DC and AC (NTSC: 30Hz, rms, PAL: 25Hz, rms) components of the
panel output signal for gray raster∗ mode are measured by a DC voltmeter and a spectrum analyzer in
system II.
F [dB] = 20log
{
AC component
DC component
} ...... (5)
∗ Each input signal condition for gray raster mode is given by
Vsig = 7.0 ± V50 [V]
where: V50 is the signal amplitude which gives 50% of
transmittance in V-T characteristics.
6. Image retention time
Image retention time is given by following procedures.
Apply the monoscope signal to the LCD panel for 60 minutes and then change this signal to the gray scale
of Vsig = 7.0 ± VAC (VAC: 3 to 4V). Hold VAC that maximizes image retention judging by sight. Measure the
time till the residual image becomes indistinct.
Black level
∗ Monoscope signal conditions:
Vsig = 7.0 ± 4.5 or ± 2.0 [V]
(shown in the right figure)
Vcom = 6.8V
4.5V
White level
2.0V
7.0V
2.0V
4.5V
0V
Vsig waveform
7. Cross talk
Cross talk is determined by the luminance differences between adjacent areas represented Wi' and Wi (i =
1 to 4) around black window (Vsig = 4.5V/1V).
W1 W1'
Cross talk CTK =
W2
W4
W2'
W4'
W3 W3'
– 13 –
Wi' – Wi
× 100 [%]
Wi
LCX019AM
Viewing Angle Characteristics (Typical Value)
90
Phi
0
180
10
30
50
70
Theta
270
θ0°
Z
θ
φ90°
Marking
φ
φ180°
X
φ270°
Note) This measurement is performed using an LCD panel without a microlens.
– 14 –
Y
φ0°
Measurement method
– 15 –
G2 B2
1
GATE SW
G2
B2
GATE SW
B2
201
GATE SW
B2
DL2
GATE SW
B2
DR1
GATE SW
PCX
PC
PSIG
480
479
4
3
2
1
B1
B1
B1
B1
R1 G1
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
B1
R1 G1
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
B2
R2 G2
B2
B1
R1 G1
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R1 G1
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2 B2
R2 G2
B1
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2 B2
R2 G2
B1
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2 B2
B1
R1 G1
B1
R2 G2
B1
R1 G1
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2 B2
R2 G2
B1
R1 G1
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2 B2
R2 G2
B1
R1 G1
B2
R2 G2 B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2
B1
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2 B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2 B2
R2 G2
B1
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2 G2 B2
R2 G2
B1
B2
R2 G2 B2
R2 G2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R1 G1
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
B2
R1 G1
B1
R1 G1
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
B1
R1 G1
R1 G1
G2 B2
B2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
R2 G2
B1
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DR2
GATE SW
DR1
GATE SW
ODD = 1200 dots
EVEN = 1199 dots
Dot arrangement (1)
The dots are arranged in a delta pattern. The shaded area is used for the dark border around the display.
2 dots
480 dots
2 dots
1
Description of Operation
LCX019AM
LCX019AM
2. LCD panel operations
[Description of basic operations]
The basic operations of the LCD panel are shown below based on the wide-display mode.
• A vertical driver, which consists of vertical shift registers, enable-gates and buffers, applies a selected pulse
to every 480 gate lines sequentially in every horizontal scanning period.
• A horizontal driver, which consists of horizontal shift registers, gates and CMOS sample-and-hold circuits,
applies selected pulses to every 1199.5 signal electrodes sequentially in a single horizontal scanning period.
• Vertical and horizontal shift registers address one pixel, and then turn on Thin Film Transistors (TFTs; two
TFTs) to apply a video signal to the dot. The same procedures lead to the entire 480 × 1199.5 dots to display
a picture in a single vertical scanning period.
• The LCD pixel dots are arranged in a delta pattern, where the dots connected to the identical signal line is
positioned with 1.5-dot offset against an adjacent horizontal line. Horizontal Start Pulse (HST) is generated
with 1.5-bit offset between the horizontal lines to regulate the above offset. HCK and sample-and-hold (S/H)
pulses follow the same 1.5-bit offset scheme.
• The video signal shall be input with polarity-inverted system in every horizontal cycle.
• Timing diagrams of the vertical and the horizontal display cycle are shown below:
(1) Vertical display cycle
VST
VCK
1
2
Vertical display cycle 480H
(2) Horizontal display cycle
HST
200
HCK1
1
2
3
4
5
6
201
HCK2
Horizontal display cycle
– 16 –
480
LCX019AM
[Description of operating mode]
The LCD panel has the following functions to easily apply to various uses, as well as various broadcasting
systems.
• Right/left inverse mode
• Up/down inverse mode
These modes are controlled by two signals (RGT and DWN). The setting mode is shown below:
RGT
Mode
DWN
Mode
H
Right scan
H
Down scan
L
Left scan
L
Up scan
The direction of the right/left and/or up/down mean when Pin 1 marking is located at right side with the pin
block upside.
• The analog signal (PSIG) shall be input by 1H inversion synchronized with the video signal.
3. 6-dot simultaneous sampling
SIG2
SIG1
S/H
CK1
S/H
S/H
5
SIG2
S/H
4
SIG1
S/H
6
SIG3
S/H
8
SIG5
S/H
7
SIG4
S/H
9
SIG6
CK2
S/H
SIG3
CK3
SIG5
S/H
CK4
S/H
SIG4
CK5
SIG6
CK6
<Phase relationship of delaying sample-and-hold pulses> (right scan)
HCKn
CK1
CK2
CK3
CK4
CK5
CK6
– 17 –
LCX019AM
Horizontal driver samples SIG1 to SIG6 signals simultaneously, which requires the phase matching between
signals to prevent horizontal resolution from deteriorating. Thus phase matching between each signal is
required using an external signal delaying circuit before applying video signal to the LCD panel.
The block diagram of the delaying procedure using simple-and-hold method is as follows.
The LCX019AM has the right/left inverse function. The following phase relationship diagram indicates the
phase setting for the right scan (RGT = High level). For the left scan (RGT = Low level), the phase setting shall
be inverted in the order of the SIG6, SIG4, SIG5, SIG3, SIG1 and SIG2 signals.
LCX019AM
Display System Block Diagram
An example of display system is shown below.
Buffer
PSIG
SID
Double
speed R
NTSC, PAL
Double
Speed
System
Double
speed G
Double
speed B
COM
RGB Driver
CXA1853AQ
R
SIG2 (R1)
G
SIG1 (G1)
B
SIG3 (B1)
Sample-and-Hold IC
CXA2504N
FRP
SIG5 (R2)
SIG4 (G2)
SIG6 (B2)
VD
S/H1 to 7
Timing Generator
CXD2443Q
HCK1&2, VCK, ENB, VST,
PCG1, HST, RGT, DWN
HD or double speed HD
Serial control
– 18 –
LCD Panel
LCX019AM
LCX019AM
Optical Characteristics
1. Microlens outline
The LCX019AM has a single built-in microlens on the substrate side facing the TFT for the three TFT panel
picture elements. This microlens serves the following purposes.
(1) The microlens converges the incident light striking the LCD panel to the dot aperture in order to improve
the effective aperture ratio and increase the display brightness.
(2) The microlens provides a color representation by distributing the light flux for each of the three primary
colors R, G and B which strike the panel at different angles to the dot apertures corresponding to each
color.
This allows the light utilization efficiency to be improved by eliminating the light absorption by the color filter,
which had been unavoidable with conventional single panel projectors.
2. Recommended lighting conditions
In order to bring out the full light converging effects of the microlens and provide a color representation with
high color purity, the following lighting is recommended.
(1) The incident light angle of the three primary colors should be as shown in the figure below. The center light
should strike the panel from the panel normal direction, and the left and right light from angles inclined to the
right and left of the panel normal direction. The design optimal angle of incidence is the range of 7.75 ± 0.5°.
However, the optimal angle of incidence may be altered slightly depending on the panel. Be sure to allow
adjustment of the mutual angles of the dichroic mirrors so that the angle of incidence can be varied within the
range of 7.75 ± 0.5°.
Left
Center
Right
Optimum angle of
incidence 7.75 ± 0.5°
Optimum angle of
incidence 7.75 ± 0.5°
Pad
(2) Effective light: The normal direction (center light), left light and right light noted above should strike the
panel at an angle of ±3.5° or less. Light with a dispersion angle greater than this value will
strike adjoining dot apertures and cause the color purity to worsen. (See the incident angle
distribution for System I.)
3. Recommended projection optical system
The maximum egress light angle for light passing through the LCD is approximately ±20°. Therefore, setting
the F stop of the projection lens to about 1.5 is recommended in order to maximize the light converging effects
of the microlens and provide a representation with excellent color balance. If the projection lens F stop is larger
than this value, the right and left light are kicked accordingly by the projection lens, thereby reducing the
egress light flux to the screen and the same time shifting the white balance.
– 19 –
LCX019AM
Notes on Operation
(1) Lighting spectrum and intensity
Use only visible light with a wavelength λ = 415 to 780nm as a light source. Light with a wavelength λ > 780nm
(infrared light) will produce unwanted temperature rises. Light with a wavelength λ < 415nm (ultraviolet
light) will produce irreversible changes in the display characteristics. To prevent this, be sure to mount
UV/IR cut filters between the LCX019AM and the light source as necessary depending on the light source.
The lighting intensity should be 1 million lux or less, and the panel surface temperature should not exceed
55°C.
(2) Lighting optical system
Care should be taken for the following points concerning the optical system mounted on the LCX019AM.
1) Light reflected from the optical system to the panel should be 20,000 lux or less.
2) Particular care should be taken for the panel incident angle distribution when designing optical systems
for use with the LCX019AM.
3) The panel surface temperature distribution should not exceed 10°C.
4) Light should shine only on the effective display area within the LCD panel and not on other unnecessary
locations. Leakage light may produce unwanted temperature rises.
– 20 –
LCX019AM
Notes on Handling
(1) Static charge prevention
Be sure to take following protective measures. TFT-LCD panels are easily damaged by static charge.
a) Use non-chargeable gloves, or simply use bare hands.
b) Use an earth-band when handling.
c) Do not touch any electrodes of a panel.
d) Wear non-chargeable clothes and conductive shoes.
e) Install conductive mat on the working floor and working table.
f) Keep panels away from any charged materials.
g) Use ionized air to discharge the panels.
(2) Protection from dust and dirt
a) Operate in clean environment.
b) When delivered, a surface of a panel (glass panel) is covered by a protective sheet.
Peel off the protective sheet carefully not to damage the glass panel.
c) Do not touch the surface of the glass panel. The surface is easily scratched. When cleaning, use a
clean-room wiper with isopropyl alcohol. Be careful not to leave stain on the surface.
d) Use ionized air to blow off dust at the glass panel.
(3) Other handling precautions
a) Do not twist or bend the flexible PC board especially at the connecting region because the board is
easily deformed.
b) Do not drop a panel.
c) Do not twist or bend a panel or panel frame.
d) Keep a panel away from heat source.
e) Do not dampen a panel with water or other solvents.
f) Avoid to store or to use a panel in a high temperature or in a high humidity, which may result in panel
damages.
g) Minimum radius of bending curvature for a flexible substrate must be 1mm.
h) Torque required to tighten screws on a panel must be 3kg · cm or less.
i) Use appropriate filter to protect a panel.
j) Do not pressure the portion other than mounting hole (cover).
– 21 –
LCX019AM
Package Outline
Unit: mm
(5.1)
Thickness of the connector 0.3 ± 0.05
3
3
61.9 ± 0.7
2
(28.5)
5
6
6
Polarizing
Axis
Incident
light
7
φ2.5H9
2.5H9 × 3.0
8-φ2.5 ± 0.1
15.06 ± 0.25
2.5 ± 0.2
3.0 ± 0.2
5.1 ± 0.2
9.2 ± 0.2
(26.87)
57.0 ± 0.2
62.0 ± 0.2
8.60 ± 0.25
(0.9)
Active Area
4
P 8.0 × 4 =
(20.05)
32.0 ± 0.2
39.0 ± 0.2
4R
1.
0
1
No
1
PIN1
0.5 ± 0.15
4.0 ± 0.4
P 1.0 × 23 = 23.0 ± 0.1
1.0 ± 0.15
0.6 ± 0.05
PIN24
F P C
2
Reinforcing board
3
Molding material
4
Reinforcing material
5
Outside frame
6
7
electrode (enlarged)
Description
Glass
Polarizing film
weight 45g
The rotation angle of the active area relative to H and V is ± 1°.
– 22 –