TI GRM188R60G226M

TLV62065-Q1
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SLVSB92A – JANUARY 2012 – REVISED MARCH 2012
3-MHz 2-A Step-Down Converter in 2-mm x 2-mm SON Package
Check for Samples: TLV62065-Q1
FEATURES
1
•
•
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
DESCRIPTION
Qualified for Automotive Applications
AEC-Q100 Test Guidance With the Following
Results:
– Device Temperature Grade 2: –40°C to
105°C Ambient Operating Temperature
Range
– Device HBM ESD Classification Level H2
– Device CDM ESD Classification Level C3B
VIN Range from 2.9 V to 5.5 V
Up to 97% Efficiency
Power-Save Mode / - MHz Fixed PWM Mode
Output Voltage Accuracy in PWM Mode ±2.0%
Output Capacitor Discharge Function
Typical 18-µA Quiescent Current
100% Duty Cycle for Lowest Dropout
For Improved Feature Set See TPS62065
Available in a 2-mm × 2-mm × 0.75-mm SON
The TLV62065-Q1 is a highly efficient, synchronous
step-down, dc-dc converter with a 1.2-V fixed output
voltage.. It provides up to 2 A of output current.
With an input voltage range of 2.9 V to 5.5 V, the
device is a perfect fit for power conversion from a 5-V
or 3.3-V system supply rail. The TLV62065-Q1
operates at 3-MHz fixed frequency and enters powersave mode operation at light load currents to maintain
high efficiency over the entire load current range. For
low-noise applications, the TLV62065-Q1 can be
forced into fixed-frequency PWM mode by pulling the
MODE pin high.
In the shutdown mode, the current consumption is
reduced to less than 1 µA and an internal circuit
discharges the output capacitor.
The TLV62065-Q1 operates with a 1-µH inductor and
10-µF output capacitor.
The TLV62065-Q1 is available in a small 2-mm × 2mm × 0.75-mm 8-pin SON package.
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
Point of Load (POL)
Notebooks, Pocket PCs
Portable Media Players
Set Top Box
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
100
VIN = 3.7 V
95
90
TLV62065-Q1
PVIN
EN
MODE
AGND
PGND
VOUT
1.8 V 2 A
SW
AVIN
CIN
10 mF
L
1.0 mH
R1
360 kW
FB
R2
180 kW
Cff
22 pF
COUT
10 mF
VIN = 4.2 V
85
Efficiency - %
VIN = 2.9 V to 5.5 V
VIN = 5 V
80
75
70
65
L = 1.2 mH (NRG4026T 1R2),
COUT = 22 mF (0603 size),
VOUT = 3.3 V,
Mode: Auto PFM/PWM
60
55
50
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25 1.5
IL - Load Current - A
1.75
2
1
2
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated
TLV62065-Q1
SLVSB92A – JANUARY 2012 – REVISED MARCH 2012
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This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with
appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage.
ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more
susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications.
ORDERING INFORMATION (1)
TA
PACKAGE
–40°C to 105°C
(1)
WSON -DSG
ORDERABLE PART NUMBER
TOP-SIDE MARKING
TLV62065TDSGRQ1
SCD
Reel of 3000
For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI
website at www.ti.com.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1)
VALUE
UNIT
MIN
Voltage range
(2)
AVIN, PVIN
EN, MODE, FB
SW
Current (source)
ESD rating
Temperature
(1)
(2)
MAX
–0.3
7
–0.3 to
VIN + 0.3 < 7
–0.3
7
Peak output
Internally limited
A
Human-body model (HBM) AEC-Q100
Classification Level H2
Charged-device model (CDM) AEC-Q100
Classification Level C3B
V
2
kV
750
V
TJ
–40
140
Tstg
–65
150
°C
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating
Conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
All voltage values are with respect to the network ground terminal.
THERMAL INFORMATION
TLV62065-Q1
THERMAL METRIC
DSG
UNITS
8 PINS
θJA
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
92.2
θJC(top)
Junction-to-case(top) thermal resistance
70.4
θJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
46.6
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
1.7
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
46.3
θJC(bottom)
Junction-to-case(bottom) thermal resistance
39.7
2
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RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
MIN
AVIN ,
PVIN
Supply voltage
NOM
2.9
MAX
5.5
Output current capability
2000
UNIT
V
mA
Output voltage range for adjustable voltage
0.8
VIN
V
L
Effective inductance range
0.7
1
1.6
µH
COUT
Effective output-capacitance range
4.5
10
22
µF
–40
105
°C
–40
140
°C
TA
Operating ambient temperature
TJ
Operating junction temperature
(1)
(1)
In applications where high power dissipation and/or poor package thermal resistance is present, the maximum ambient temperature may
have to be derated. Maximum ambient temperature (TA(max)) is dependent on the maximum operating junction temperature (TJ(max)), the
maximum power dissipation of the device in the application (PD(max)), and the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the
part/package in the application (θJA), as given by the following equation: TA(max)= TJ(max) – (θJA × PD(max))
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Over full operating ambient temperature range, typical values are at TA = 25°C. Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply
for condition VIN = EN = 3.6 V. External components CIN = 10 μF 0603, COUT = 10 μF 0603, L = 1 μH, see the parameter
measurement information.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
SUPPLY
VIN
Input voltage range
IQ
Operating quiescent current
IOUT = 0 mA, device operating in PFM mode
and not device not switching
ISD
Shutdown current
EN = GND, current into AVIN and PVIN combined
VUVLO
Undervoltage lockout threshold
2.9
5.5
V
μA
18
0.1
5
Falling
1.73
1.78
1.83
Rising
1.9
1.95
1.99
μA
V
ENABLE, MODE
VIH
High-level input voltage
2.9 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V
1
VIL
Low-level input voltage
2.9 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V
0
IIN
Input bias current
EN, MODE tied to GND or AVIN
5.5
V
0.4
V
0.01
1
μA
120
180
95
150
VIN = 3.6 V (1)
90
130
VIN = 5 V (1)
75
100
POWER SWITCH
VIN = 3.6 V
(1)
rDS(on)
High-side MOSFET on-resistance
rDS(on)
Low-side MOSFET on-resistance
ILIMF
Forward current limit MOSFET
high-side and low-side
3 V ≤ VIN ≤ 3.6 V
Thermal shutdown
Increasing junction temperature
150
Thermal shutdown hysteresis
Decreasing junction temperature
10
TSD
VIN = 5 V
(1)
2300
2750
mΩ
mΩ
mA
°C
OSCILLATOR
fSW
Oscillator frequency
2.9 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V
2.6
3
3.4
MHz
OUTPUT
Vref
Reference voltage
VFB(PWM)
Feedback voltage, PWM mode
VFB(PFM)
Feedback voltage, PFM mode,
voltage positioning
600
PWM operation, MODE = VIN ,
2.9 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V, 0-mA load
–2.0
Device in PFM mode, voltage positioning active (2)
Load regulation
VFB
Line regulation
R(Discharge)
Internal discharge resistor
Activated with EN = GND, 2.9 V ≤ VIN≤ 5.5 V, 0.8
V ≤ VOUT≤ 3.6 V
tSTART
Start-up time
Time from active EN to reach 95% of VOUT
(1)
(2)
4
0
mV
2.0
%
1
-0.5
%/A
0
%/V
200
500
Ω
μs
Maximum value applies for TJ = 85°C.
In PFM mode, the internal reference voltage is set to typ. 1.01 × Vref. See the parameter measurement information.
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PIN ASSIGNMENTS
TERMINAL FUNCTIONS
TERMINAL
NAME
NO.
I/O
DESCRIPTION
AGND
3
IN
Analog GND supply pin for the control circuit.
AVIN
7
IN
Analog VIN power supply for the control circuit. Must be connected to PVIN and input
capacitor.
EN
5
IN
This is the enable pin of the device. Pulling this pin low forces the device into shutdown
mode. Pulling this pin high enables the device. This pin must be terminated.
FB
4
IN
Feedback pin for the internal regulation loop. Connect the external resistor divider to this pin.
In the case of fixed output voltage option, connect this pin directly to the output capacitor.
MODE
6
IN
MODE pin = high forces the device to operate in fixed-frequency PWM mode. MODE pin =
low enables the power-save mode with automatic transition from PFM mode to fixedfrequency PWM mode. This pin must be terminated.
PGND
1
PWR
GND supply pin for the output stage
PVIN
8
PWR
VIN power-supply pin for the output stage
SW
2
OUT
This is the switch pin and is connected to the internal MOSFET switches. Connect the
external inductor between this terminal and the output capacitor.
Thermal pad
–
–
For good thermal performance, this pad must be soldered to the land pattern on the PCB.
This pad should be used as device GND.
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FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
AVIN
PVIN
Current
Limit Comparator
Undervoltage
Lockout 1.8V
Thermal
Shutdown
Limit
High Side
PFM Comparator
Reference
0.6V VREF
FB
VREF
Softstart
VOUT RAMP
CONTROL
Gate Driver
Anti
Shoot-Through
Control
Stage
Error Amp.
VREF
SW
Integrator
FB
PWM
Comp.
Zero-Pole
AMP.
Limit
Low Side
Sawtooth
Generator
3MHz
Clock
Current
Limit Comparator
MODE
RDischarge
EN
AGND
PGND
Vertical spacer
Vertical spacer
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
VIN = 2.9 V to 5.5 V TLV62065-Q1
PVIN
SW
CIN
10 µF
AVIN
EN
MODE
L
1.0 µH/1.2 µH
R1
FB
AGND
PGND
Cff
VOUT
up to 2.0 A
COUT
10 µF
R2
L: LQH44PN1R0NP0, L = 1.0 mH,Murata,
NRG4026T1R2, L = 1.2 mH, Taiyo Yuden
CIN/COUT: GRM188R60J106U, Murata 0603 size
6
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 1. Table of Graphs
FIGURE
η
Efficiency
Output Voltage Accuracy
Load Current, VOUT = 1.2 V, Auto PF//PWM Mode, Linear Scale
Figure 1
Load Current, VOUT = 1.8 V, Auto PFM/PWM Mode, Linear Scale
Figure 2
Load Current, VOUT = 3.3 V, PFM/PWM Mode, Linear Scale
Figure 3
Load Current, VOUT = 1.8 V, Auto PFM/PWM Mode vs. Forced PWM
Mode, Logarithmic Scale
Figure 4
Load Current, VOUT = 1.8 V, Auto PFM/PWM Mode
Figure 5
Load Current, VOUT = 1.8 V, Forced PWM Mode
Figure 6
Shutdown Current
Input Voltage and Ambient Temperature
Figure 7
Quiescent Current
Input Voltage
Figure 8
Oscillator Frequency
Input Voltage
Figure 9
Static Drain-Source On-State
Resistance
Input Voltage, Low-Side Switch
Figure 10
Input Voltage, High-Side Switch
Figure 11
RDISCHARGE
Input Voltage vs. VOUT
Figure 12
PWM Mode, VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, 500 mA, L = 1.2 μH, COUT = 10μF
Figure 13
PFM Mode, VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, 20 mA, L = 1.2 μH, COUT = 10μF
Figure 14
PWM Mode, VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.2 V, 0.2 mA to 1 A
Figure 15
PFM Mode, VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.2 V, 20 mA to 250 mA
Figure 16
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, 200 mA to 1500 mA
Figure 17
PWM Mode, VIN = 3.6 V to 4.2 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, 500 mA
Figure 18
Typical Operation
Load Transient
Line Transient
PFM Mode, VIN = 3.6 V to 4.2 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, 500 mA
Figure 19
Startup into Load
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, Load = 2.2-Ω
Figure 20
Output Discharge
VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.8 V, No Load
Figure 21
EFFICIENCY
vs
LOAD CURRENT
EFFICIENCY
vs
LOAD CURRENT
100
100
95
95
90
80
VIN = 3 V
75
VIN = 3.3 V
VIN = 3.6 V
70
VIN = 5 V
85
VIN = 4.2 V
Efficiency - %
Efficiency - %
85
65
VIN = 3 V
80
VIN = 3.3 V
75
VIN = 3.6 V
70
65
L = 1.2 mH (NRG4026T 1R2),
COUT = 10 mF (0603 size),
VOUT = 1.2 V,
Mode: Auto PFM/PWM
60
55
50
0
VIN = 4.2 V
90
VIN = 5 V
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25 1.5
IL - Load Current - A
1.75
Figure 1. VOUT = 1.2V, Auto PFM/PWM Mode,
Linear Scale
L = 1.2 mH (NRG4026T 1R2),
COUT = 10 mF (0603 size),
VOUT = 1.8 V,
Mode: Auto PFM/PWM
60
55
2
50
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25 1.5
IL - Load Current - A
1.75
2
Figure 2. VOUT = 1.8V, Auto PFM/PWM Mode,
Linear Scale
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EFFICIENCY
vs
LOAD CURRENT
100
EFFICIENCY
vs
LOAD CURRENT
100
VIN = 3.7 V
Auto PFM/PWM Mode
95
90
90
VIN = 4.2 V
80
VIN = 5 V
70
Efficiency - %
Efficiency - %
85
80
75
70
L = 1.2 mH (NRG4026T 1R2),
COUT = 22 mF (0603 size),
VOUT = 3.3 V,
Mode: Auto PFM/PWM
60
55
VIN = 3.3 V
VIN = 3.6 V
VIN = 4.2 V
VIN = 5 V
50
40
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25 1.5
IL - Load Current - A
1.75
20
0
0.001
2
0.01
0.1
IL - Load Current - A
1
10
Figure 3. VOUT = 3.3V, Auto PFM/PWM Mode,
Linear Scale
Figure 4. Auto PFM/PWM Mode vs. Forced PWM Mode,
Logarithmic Scale
OUTPUT VOLTAGE ACCURACY
vs
LOAD CURRENT
OUTPUT VOLTAGE ACCURACY
vs
LOAD CURRENT
1.890
1.890
1.872
1.872
1.854 Voltage Positioning PFM Mode
1.854
1.836
1.818
PWM Mode
VIN = 3.3 V
1.800
VIN = 3.6 V
VIN = 4.2 V
1.782
1.764
L = 1.2 mH (NRG4026T 1R2),
COUT = 10 mF (0603 size),
VOUT = 1.8 V
10
VO - Output Voltage DC - V
VO - Output Voltage DC - V
0
VIN = 5 V
L = 1 mH,
COUT = 10 mF,
VOUT = 1.8 V,
Mode: Auto PFM/PWM
1.746
1.728
1.710
0.001
0.01
0.1
IL - Load Current - A
1
L = 1 mH,
COUT = 10 mF,
VOUT = 1.8 V,
Mode: Forced PWM
1.836
1.818
1.800
VIN = 3.3 V
1.782
VIN = 3.6 V
VIN = 4.2 V
1.764
VIN = 5 V
1.746
1.728
10
1.710
0.001
Figure 5. Auto PFM/PWM Mode
8
Forced PWM Mode
60
30
65
50
VIN = 3.3 V
VIN = 3.6 V
VIN = 4.2 V
VIN = 5 V
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0.01
0.1
IL - Load Current - A
1
10
Figure 6. Forced PWM Mode
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SHUTDOWN CURRENT
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
QUIESCENT CURRENT
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
25
TA = 85°C
TA = 85°C
20
0.75
Iq - Quiesent Current - mA
ISHDN - Shutdown Current - mA
1
0.50
TA = 25°C
0.25
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
VI - Input Voltage - V
5.5
TA = -40°C
10
0
2.5
6
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
VI - Input Voltage - V
6
Figure 8.
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
STATIC DRAIN-SOURCE ON-STATE RESISTANCE
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
0.12
TA = 85°C
3.05
0.1
TJ = 85°C
TA = 25°C
TJ = 25°C
3
RDSON - W
0.08
2.95
TA = -40°C
0.04
2.85
0.02
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
VI - Input Voltage - V
5.5
6
TJ = -40°C
0.06
2.9
2.8
2.5
5.5
Figure 7.
3.1
fOSC - Oscillator Frequency - MHz
15
5
TA = -40°C
0
2.5
TA = 25°C
0
2.5
Figure 9.
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
VI - Input Voltage - V
5.5
6
Figure 10. Low-Side Switch
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STATIC DRAIN-SOURCE ON-STATE RESISTANCE
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
RDISCHARGE
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
0.2
600
0.18
500
0.16
400
TJ = 25°C
0.12
RDischarge - W
RDSON - W
VO = 3.3 V
TJ = 85°C
0.14
TJ = -40°C
0.1
0.08
VO = 1.8 V
300
200
0.06
VO = 1.2 V
0.04
100
0.02
0
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
VI - Input Voltage - V
5.5
6
0
2.5
3
Figure 11. High-Side Switch
3.5
4
4.5
5
VI - Input Voltage - V
5.5
6
Figure 12.
VOUT 50mV/Div
VOUT 50mV/Div
VIN = 3.6 V
VOUT = 1.8 V
IOUT = 20 mA
MODE = GND
L = 1.2 mH
COUT = 10 mF
SW 2V/Div
SW 2V/Div
ICOIL 500mA/Div
MODE = GND
VIN = 3.6 V
L = 1.2 mH
VOUT = 1.8 V
IOUT = 500 mA COUT = 10 mF
ICOIL 200mA/Div
Time Base - 4ms/Div
Time Base - 100ns/Div
Figure 13. Typical Operation (PWM Mode)
10
Figure 14. Typical Operation (PFM Mode)
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VOUT100 mV/Div
VOUT100 mV/Div
SW 2V/Div
SW 2V/Div
ICOIL1A/Div
ICOIL1A/Div
VIN = 3.6 V,
VOUT = 1.2 V,
IOUT = 0.2 A to 1 A
MODE = VIN
ILOAD500 mA/Div
VIN = 3.6 V,
VOUT = 1.2 V,
IOUT = 20 mA to 250 mA
ILOAD500 mA/Div
Time Base - 10 µs/Div
Time Base - 10 µs/Div
Figure 15. Load Transient Response
PWM Mode 0.2A To 1A
Figure 16. Load Transient
PFM Mode 20 mA to 250mA
VIN = 3.6 V to 4.2 V,
VOUT = 1.8 V,
IOUT = 500 mA
L = 1.2 mH,
200 mV/Div
500 mV/Div
2A/Div
VIN = 3.6 V,
VOUT = 1.8 V,
1A/Div
50 mV/Div
L = 1.2 mH
COUT = 10 mF
IOUT 200 mA to 1500 mA
Time Base - 100 ms/Div
Time Base - 100ms/Div
Figure 17. Load Transient Response
200 mA To 1500 mA
Figure 18. Line Transient Response PWM Mode
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2 V/Div
500 mV/Div
1 V/Div
2 A/Div
500 mA/Div
VIN = 3.6 V to 4.2 V,
VOUT = 1.8 V,
IOUT = 50 mA,
50 mV/Div
L = 1.2 mH,
COUT = 10 mF
VIN = 3.6 V, L = 1.2 mH,
VOUT = 1.8 V, COUT = 10 mF
Load = 2R2
500 mA/Div
Time Base - 100 ms/Div
Time Base - 100 ms/Div
Figure 19. Line Transient PFM Mode
EN
1 V/Div
Figure 20. Start-Up Into Load – VOUT 1.8 V
VIN = 3.6 V,
VOUT = 1.8 V,
COUT = 10 mF,
No Load
SW
2 V/Div
VOUT
1 V/Div
Time Base - 2ms/Div
Figure 21. Output Discharge
12
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
OPERATION
The TLV62065-Q1 step-down converter operates with typically 3-MHz fixed-frequency pulse-width modulation
(PWM) at moderate to heavy load currents. At light load currents, the converter can automatically enter powersave mode, and operates then in pulse-frequency mode (PFM).
During PWM operation, the converter uses a unique fast-response voltage-mode controller scheme with input
voltage feed-forward to achieve good line and load regulation, allowing the use of small ceramic input and output
capacitors. At the beginning of each clock cycle initiated by the clock signal, the high-side MOSFET switch is
turned on. The current flows now from the input capacitor via the high-side MOSFET switch through the inductor
to the output capacitor and load. During this phase, the current ramps up until the PWM comparator trips and the
control logic turns off the switch. The current limit comparator also turns off the switch in case the current limit of
the high-side MOSFET switch is exceeded. After a dead time preventing shoot-through current, the low-side
MOSFET rectifier is turned on and the inductor current ramps down. The current flows now from the inductor to
the output capacitor and to the load. It returns back to the inductor through the low-side MOSFET rectifier.
The next cycle is initiated by the clock signal again turning off the low-side MOSFET rectifier and turning on the
high-side MOSFET switch.
POWER SAVE MODE
Pulling the TLV62065-Q1 MODE pin low enables power-save mode. If the load current decreases, the converter
enters power-save mode operation automatically. In power-save mode, the converter skips switching and
operates with reduced frequency in the PFM mode with a minimum quiescent current to maintain high efficiency.
The converter positions the output voltage typically 1% above the nominal output voltage. This voltagepositioning feature minimizes voltage drops caused by a sudden load step.
The transition from PWM mode to PFM mode occurs once the inductor current in the low-side MOSFET switch
becomes zero, which indicates discontinuous conduction mode.
In power-save mode, a PFM comparator monitors the output voltage. As the output voltage falls below the PFM
comparator threshold of VOUTnominal + 1%, the device starts a PFM current pulse. For this, the high-side MOSFET
switch turns on and the inductor current ramps up. After the on-time expires, the switch is turned off and the lowside MOSFET switch is turned on until the inductor current becomes zero.
The converter effectively delivers a current to the output capacitor and the load. If the load is below the delivered
current, the output voltage rises. If the output voltage is equal to or higher than the PFM comparator threshold,
the device stops switching and enters a sleep mode with typ. 18-µA current consumption.
In case the output voltage is still below the PFM comparator threshold, further PFM current pulses are generated
until the PFM comparator threshold is reached. The converter starts switching again once the output voltage
drops below the PFM comparator threshold due to the load current.
The PFM mode is exited and PWM mode entered in case the output current can no longer be supported in PFM
mode.
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Output voltage
Voltage Positioning
Vout +1%
PFM Comparator
threshold
Light load
PFM Mode
Vout (PWM)
moderate to heavy load
PWM Mode
Figure 22. Power Save Mode Operation with automatic Mode transition
100% Duty Cycle Low-Dropout Operation
The device starts to enter 100% duty cycle mode as the input voltage comes close to the nominal output voltage.
In order to maintain the output voltage, the high-side MOSFET switch is turned on 100% for one or more cycles.
With further decreasing VIN, the high-side MOSFET switch is turned on completely. In this case, the converter
offers a low input-to-output voltage differential. This is particularly useful in battery-powered applications to
achieve longest operation time by taking full advantage of the whole battery voltage range.
The minimum input voltage to maintain regulation depends on the load current and output voltage, and can be
calculated as:
VINmin = VOmax + IOmax × (RDS(on)max + RL)
With:
IOmax = maximum output current
RDS(on)max = maximum P-channel switch RDS(on).
RL = DC resistance of the inductor
VOmax = nominal output voltage plus maximum output voltage tolerance
Undervoltage Lockout
The undervoltage lockout circuit prevents the device from malfunctioning at low input voltages and from
excessive discharge of the battery. It disables the output stage of the converter once the falling VIN trips the
undervoltage lockout threshold VUVLO. The undervoltage lockout threshold VUVLO for falling VIN is typically 1.78 V.
The device starts operation once the rising VIN trips the undervoltage lockout threshold VUVLO again at typically
1.95 V.
Output Capacitor Discharge
With EN = GND, the device enters shutdown mode and disables all internal circuits. An internal resistor connects
the SW pin is to PGND to discharge the output capacitor. This feature ensures start-up with a discharged output
capacitor once the converter is enabled again and prevents floating charge on the output capacitor. The output
voltage ramps up monotonic, starting from 0 V.
MODE SELECTION
The MODE pin allows mode selection between forced PWM mode and power-save mode.
14
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Connecting this pin to GND enables the power-save mode with automatic transition between PWM and PFM
mode. Pulling the MODE pin high forces the converter to operate in fixed-frequency PWM mode even at light
load currents. This allows simple filtering of the switching frequency for noise-sensitive applications. In this mode,
the efficiency is lower compared to the power-save mode during light loads.
The condition of the MODE pin can be changed during operation and allows efficient power management by
adjusting the operation mode of the converter to the specific system requirements.
ENABLE
The device is enabled by setting EN pin to high. At first, the internal reference is activated and the internal
analog circuits are settled. Afterwards, the soft start is activated and the output voltage is ramped up. The output
voltages reaches 95% of its nominal value within tSTART of typically 500 µs after the device has been enabled.
The EN input can be used to control power sequencing in a system with various dc-dc converters. The EN pin
can be connected to the output of another converter, to drive the EN pin high and get a sequencing of supply
rails. With EN = GND, the device enters shutdown mode. In this mode, all circuits are disabled and the SW pin is
connected to PGND via an internal resistor to discharge the output.
SOFT START
The TLV62065-Q1 has an internal soft-start circuit that controls the ramp-up of the output voltage. Once the
converter is enabled and the input voltage is above the undervoltage lockout threshold, VUVLO, the output voltage
ramps up from 5% to 95% of its nominal value within tRamp of typ. 250 µs.
This limits the inrush current in the converter during start-up and prevents possible input-voltage drops when a
battery or high-impedance power source is used.
During soft start, the switch current limit is reduced to 1/3 of its nominal value, ILIMF, until the output voltage
reaches 1/3 of its nominal value. Once the output voltage trips this threshold, the device operates with its
nominal current limit ILIMF.
INTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT / FOLD-BACK CURRENT LIMIT FOR SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION
During normal operation, the high-side and low-side MOSFET switches are protected by their current limits, ILIMF.
Once the high-side MOSFET switch reaches its current limit, it is turned off and the low-side MOSFET switch is
turned on. The high-side MOSFET switch can only turn on again once the current in the low-side MOSFET
switch decreases below its current limit, ILIMF. The device is capable of providing peak inductor currents up to its
internal current limit ILIMF..
As soon as the switch-current limits are hit and the output voltage falls below 1/3 of the nominal output voltage
due to an overload or short-circuit condition, the foldback current limit is enabled. In this case, the switch-current
limit is reduced to 1/3 of the nominal value, ILIMF.
Because the short-circuit protection is enabled during start-up, the device does not deliver more than 1/3 of its
nominal current limit, ILIMF, until the output voltage exceeds 1/3 of the nominal output voltage. This must be
considered when a load which acts as a current sink is connected to the output of the converter.
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
As soon as the junction temperature, TJ, exceeds 150°C (typical) the device goes into thermal shutdown. In this
mode, the high-side and low-side MOSFETs are turned off. The device continues its operation with a soft start
once the junction temperature falls below the thermal shutdown hysteresis.
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APPLICATION INFORMATION
VIN = 2.9 V to 5.5 V
TLV62065-Q1
PVIN
EN
MODE
AGND
PGND
CIN
VOUT = 1.8 V
up to 2 A
SW
R1
360 kΩ
AVIN
10 µF
L
1.0 mH
FB
Cff
22 pF
COUT
10 µF
R2
180 kΩ
Figure 23. TLV62065-Q1 1.8V Adjustable Output Voltage Configuration
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTING
The output voltage can be calculated to:
V OUT + VREF
ǒ
R
1) 1
R2
Ǔ
with an internal reference voltage VREF typically 0.6 V.
To minimize the current through the feedback divider network, R2 should be within the range of 120 kΩ to 360
kΩ. The sum of R1 and R2 should not exceed approximately 1 MΩ, to keep the network robust against noise. An
external feed-forward capacitor Cff is required for optimum regulation performance. Lower resistor values can be
used. R1 and Cff place a zero in the loop. The right value for Cff can be calculated as:
fc
=
1
= 35kHz
2 ´ p ´ R2 ´ Cff
Cff =
16
1
2 ´ p ´ R2 ´ 35kHz
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OUTPUT FILTER DESIGN (INDUCTOR AND OUTPUT CAPACITOR)
The internal compensation network of TLV62065-Q1 is optimized for an LC output filter with a corner frequency
of:
fc =
1
2 ´ p ´ (1μH ´ 10μF)
= 50kHz
The part operates with nominal inductors of 1 µH to 1.2 µH and with 10 µF to 22 µF small X5R and X7R ceramic
capacitors. See the lists of inductors and capacitors. The part is optimized for a 1-µH inductor and 10-µF output
capacitor.
Inductor Selection
The inductor value has a direct effect on the ripple current. The selected inductor must be rated for its dc
resistance and saturation current. The inductor ripple current (ΔIL) decreases with higher inductance and
increases with higher VI or VO.
Equation 1 calculates the maximum inductor current in PWM mode under static load conditions. The saturation
current of the inductor should be rated higher than the maximum inductor current as calculated with Equation 2.
This is recommended because during heavy load transients the inductor current rises above the calculated
value.
DI L + Vout
1 * Vout
Vin
L
I Lmax + I outmax )
ƒ
(1)
DI L
2
(2)
where:
f = Switching frequency (3 MHz typical)
L = Inductor value
ΔIL = Peak-to-peak inductor ripple current
ILmax = Maximum inductor current
A more conservative approach is to select the inductor current rating just for the switch-current limit ILIMFof the
converter.
The total losses of the coil have a strong impact on the efficiency of the dc-dc conversion and consist of both the
losses in the dc resistance R(DC) and the following frequency-dependent components:
• The losses in the core material (magnetic hysteresis loss, especially at high switching frequencies)
• Additional losses in the conductor from the skin effect (current displacement at high frequencies)
• Magnetic field losses of the neighboring windings (proximity effect)
• Radiation losses
Table 2. List of Inductors
DIMENSIONS [mm]
INDUCTANCE μH
3.2 × 2.5 × 1 max.
3.7 × 4 × 1.8 max.
INDUCTOR TYPE
SUPPLIER
1
LQM32PN (MLCC)
Murata
1
LQH44 (wire wound)
Murata
4 × 4 × 2.6 max.
1.2
NRG4026T (wire wound)
Taiyo Yuden
3.5 × 3.7 × 1.8 max.
1.2
DE3518 (wire wound)
TOKO
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Output Capacitor Selection
The advanced fast-response voltage-mode control scheme of the TLV62065-Q1 allows the use of tiny ceramic
capacitors. Ceramic capacitors with low ESR values have the lowest output-voltage ripple and are
recommended. The output capacitor requires either an X7R or X5R dielectric. Y5V- and Z5U-dielectric
capacitors, aside from their wide variation in capacitance over temperature, become resistive at high frequencies
and may not be used. For most applications, a nominal 10-µF or 22-µF capacitor is suitable. In small ceramic
capacitors, the dc-bias effect decreases the effective capacitance. Therefore a 22-µF capacitor can be used for
output voltages higher than 2 V; see the list of capacitors, Table 3.
In case additional ceramic capacitors in the supplied system are connected to the output of the dc-dc converter,
the output capacitor COUT must be decreased in order not to exceed the recommended effective capacitance
range. In this case, a loop stability analysis must be performed as described later.
At nominal load current, the device operates in PWM mode and the RMS ripple current is calculated as:
I RMSCout + Vout
1 * Vout
1
Vin
L
ƒ
2
Ǹ3
(3)
Input Capacitor Selection
Because of the nature of the buck converter having a pulsating input current, a low-ESR input capacitor is
required for best input voltage filtering and minimizing interference with other circuits caused by high input
voltage spikes. For most applications a 10-µF ceramic capacitor is recommended. The input capacitor can be
increased without any limit for better input voltage filtering.
Take care when using only small ceramic input capacitors. When a ceramic capacitor is used at the input and the
power is being supplied through long wires, such as from a wall adapter, a load step at the output or VIN step on
the input can induce ringing at the VIN pin. This ringing can couple to the output and be mistaken as loop
instability, or could even damage the part by exceeding the maximum ratings.
Table 3. List of Capacitors
CAPACITANCE
TYPE
SIZE [mm]
SUPPLIER
10 μF
GRM188R60J106M
0603: 1.6 × 0.8 × 0.8
Murata
22 μF
GRM188R60G226M
0603: 1.6 × 0.8 × 0.8
Murata
22 µF
CL10A226MQ8NRNC
0603: 1.6 × 0.8 × 0.8
Samsung
10 µF
CL10A106MQ8NRNC
0603: 1.6 × 0.8 × 0.8
Samsung
CHECKING LOOP STABILITY
The first step of circuit and stability evaluation is to look from a steady-state perspective at the following signal
• Switching node, SW
• Inductor current, IL
• Output ripple voltage, VOUT(AC)
These are the basic signals that must be measured when evaluating a switching converter. When the switching
waveform shows large duty cycle jitter, or the output voltage or inductor current shows oscillations, the regulation
loop may be unstable. This is often a result of board layout and/or wrong L-C output filter combinations. As a
next step in the evaluation of the regulation loop, the transient response of the load is tested. During the time
between the application of the load transient and the turnon of the P-channel MOSFET, the output capacitor
must supply all of the current required by the load. VOUT immediately shifts by an amount equal to ΔI(LOAD) ×
ESR, where ESR is the effective series resistance of COUT. ΔI(LOAD) begins to charge or discharge CO, generating
a feedback error signal used by the regulator to return VOUT to its steady-state value. The results are most easily
interpreted when the device operates in PWM mode at medium-to-high load currents.
During this recovery time, VOUT can be monitored for settling time, overshoot, or ringing; that helps evaluate
stability of the converter. Without any ringing, the loop has usually more than 45° of phase margin.
18
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Mode
Enable
LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS
VIN
GND
CIN
COUT
R2
R1
CFF
GND
L
VOUT
Figure 24. PCB Layout
As for all switching power supplies, the layout is an important step in the design. Proper function of the device
demands careful attention to PCB layout. Care must be taken in board layout to get the specified performance. If
the layout is not carefully done, the regulator could show poor line and/or load regulation, stability issues, as well
as EMI and thermal problems. It is critical to provide a low-inductance, low-impedance ground path. Therefore,
use wide and short traces for the main current paths. The input capacitor as well as the inductor and output
capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the IC pins.
Connect the AGND and PGND pins of the device to the PowerPAD™ land of the PCB and use this pad as a star
point. Use a common power node (PGND), and a different node (AGND) for the signal, to minimize the effects of
ground noise. The FB divider network should be connected directly to the output capacitor and the FB line must
be routed away from noisy components and traces (for example, the SW line).
Due to the small package of this converter and the overall small solution size, the thermal performance of the
PCB layout is important. For good thermal performance PCB design of at least four layers is recommended. The
thermal pad of the IC must be soldered on the power pad area on the PCB to achieve proper thermal
connection. Additionally, for good thermal performance, the thermal pad on the PCB must be connected to an
inner GND plane with sufficient via connections. See the documentation of the evaluation kit.
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Revision History
The following table summarizes the TLV62065-Q1 data sheet versions.
Note: Numbering may vary from previous versions.
(1)
(2)
20
Version
Literature Number
Date
*
SLVSB92
January 2011
See
Notes
(1)
A
SLVSB92A
March 2012
See
(2)
TLV62065-Q1 Data Sheet, (SLVSB92) - Initial release.
TLV62065-Q1 Data Sheet, (SLVSB92A):
(a) - Update automotive qualitifcation description and add temperature grade
(b) ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS - Update Absolute Maximum Ratings
(c) ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS - Update Electrical Characteristics - Shutdown current max rating
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
23-Mar-2012
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
TLV62065TDSGRQ1
Status
(1)
Package Type Package
Drawing
ACTIVE
WSON
DSG
Pins
Package Qty
8
3000
Eco Plan
(2)
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
Lead/
Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(3)
Samples
(Requires Login)
CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF TLV62065-Q1 :
• Catalog: TLV62065
NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions:
• Catalog - TI's standard catalog product
Addendum-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
23-Mar-2012
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
TLV62065TDSGRQ1
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
WSON
DSG
8
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)
3000
179.0
8.4
Pack Materials-Page 1
2.2
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
2.2
1.2
4.0
W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant
8.0
Q2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
23-Mar-2012
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type
Package Drawing
Pins
SPQ
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
TLV62065TDSGRQ1
WSON
DSG
8
3000
195.0
200.0
45.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
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