G = 50, CMOS Sensor Amplifier with Current Excitation AD8290 FEATURES GENERAL DESCRIPTION Supply voltage range: 2.6 V to 5.5 V Low power 1.2 mA + 2× excitation current 0.5 μA shutdown current Low input bias current: ±100 pA High CMRR: 120 dB Space savings: 16-lead, 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm × 0.55 mm LFCSP Excitation current 300 μA to 1300 μA range Set with external resistor The AD8290 contains both an adjustable current source to drive a sensor and a difference amplifier to amplify the signal voltage. The amplifier is set for a fixed gain of 50. The AD8290 is an excellent solution for both the drive and the sensing aspects required for pressure, temperature, and strain gage bridges. In addition, because the AD8290 operates with low power, works with a range of low supply voltages, and is available in a low profile package, it is suitable for drive/sense circuits in portable electronics as well. The AD8290 is available in a lead free 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm × 0.55 mm package and is operational over the industrial temperature range of −40°C to +85°C. APPLICATIONS Bridge and sensor drives Portable electronics FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM CFILTER RSET 11 6 ENBL 5 3 2 VCC 13 10 GND 15 CBRIDGE 4 14 AD8290 VREF NC NC NC NC NC 1 7 8 9 12 16 ADC 06745-001 NC ANTIALIASING FILTER Figure 1. Rev. B Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2007–2008 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD8290 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Current Source............................................................................ 15 Applications....................................................................................... 1 Applications Information .............................................................. 16 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Typical Connections .................................................................. 16 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 Current Excitation...................................................................... 16 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Enable/Disable Function ........................................................... 16 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Output Filtering.......................................................................... 16 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 Clock Feedthrough..................................................................... 16 Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 5 Maximizing Performance Through Proper Layout ............... 17 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 5 Power Supply Bypassing ............................................................ 17 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 6 Dual-Supply Operation ............................................................. 17 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 7 Pressure Sensor Bridge Application......................................... 18 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 14 Temperature Sensor Application.............................................. 19 Amplifier...................................................................................... 14 ADC/Microcontroller................................................................ 19 High Power Supply Rejection (PSR) and Common-Mode Rejection (CMR) ........................................................................ 14 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 20 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 20 1/f Noise Correction .................................................................. 14 REVISION HISTORY 2/08—Rev. SpA to Rev. B Changes to Features Section............................................................ 1 Changes to Amplifier Section and Figure 43 .............................. 14 Changes to Current Source Section ............................................. 15 Changes to Current Excitation Section, Output Filtering Section, Clock Feedthrough Section, and Figure 45.................. 16 Changes to Figure 46...................................................................... 17 8/07—Revision SpA 7/07—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. B | Page 2 of 20 AD8290 SPECIFICATIONS VCC = 2.6 V to 5.0 V, TA = 25°C, CFILTER = 6.8 nF, output antialiasing capacitor = 68 nF, RSET = 3 kΩ, common-mode input = 0.6 V, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO (CMRR) CMRR DC NOISE Amplifier and VREF VOLTAGE OFFSET Output Offset Output Offset TC PSR INPUT CURRENT Input Bias Current Input Offset Current DYNAMIC RESPONSE Small Signal Bandwidth –3 dB GAIN Gain Gain Error Gain Nonlinearity Gain Drift INPUT Differential Input Impedance Input Voltage Range OUTPUT Output Voltage Range Output Series Resistance CURRENT EXCITATION Excitation Current Range Excitation Current Accuracy Excitation Current Drift External Resistor for Setting Excitation Current (RSET) Excitation Current Power Supply Rejection Excitation Current Pin Voltage Excitation Current Output Resistance Required Capacitor from Ground to Excitation Current Pin (CBRIDGE) ENABLE ENBL High Level Test Conditions Input voltage (VINP − VINN) range of 0.2 V to VCC − 1.7 V Min Typ 110 120 dB 0.75 μV p-p Input referred, f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Reference is internal and set to 900 mV nominal −40°C < TA < +85°C 900 935 mV −300 ±50 120 +300 μV/°C dB −1000 −2000 ±100 ±200 +1000 +2000 pA pA 0.25 +25 0.2 VCC − 1.7 MΩ||pF V 0.075 VCC − 0.075 V −25 50 ±0.5 ±0.0075 ±15 kHz V/V % % ppm/°C −1.0 +1.0 50||1 VOUT = Gain × (VINP − VINN) + Output Offset 10 ± 20% Excitation current = 0.9 V/RSET −40°C < TA < +85°C 300 −1.0 −250 692 −2.0 ±50 +0.2 0 kΩ 1300 +1.0 +250 3000 μA % ppm/°C Ω +2.0 μA/V VCC − 1.0 V MΩ μF VCC VCC 0.8 V V V ms 100 0.1 VCC < 2.9 V VCC > 2.9 V VCC − 0.5 2.4 GND ENBL Low Level Start-Up Time for ENBL 5.0 Rev. B | Page 3 of 20 Unit 865 With external filter capacitors, CFILTER = 6.8 nF and output antialiasing capacitor = 68 nF −40°C < TA < +85°C Max AD8290 Parameter POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Quiescent Current Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 1.2 + 2× excitation current 0.5 5.5 1.8 + 2× excitation current 10 V mA +85 °C 2.6 Shutdown Current TEMPERATURE RANGE For Operational Performance −40 Rev. B | Page 4 of 20 μA AD8290 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 2. Parameter Supply Voltage Input Voltage Differential Input Voltage 1 Output Short-Circuit Duration to GND Storage Temperature Range Operating Temperature Range Junction Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) 1 Rating 6V +VSUPPLY ±VSUPPLY Indefinite −65°C to +150°C −40°C to +85°C −65°C to +150°C 300°C Differential input voltage is limited to ±5.0 V, the supply voltage, or whichever is less. Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. THERMAL RESISTANCE θJA is specified for the worst-case conditions, that is, a device soldered in a circuit board for surface-mount packages. Table 3. Package Type 16-Lead LFCSP (0.55 mm) ESD CAUTION Rev. B | Page 5 of 20 θJA 42.5 θJC 7.7 Unit °C/W AD8290 9 NC NC 8 NC 7 11 RSET 10 GND (Not to Scale) CF2 5 12 NC NC = NO CONNECT 06745-002 14 VINN TOP VIEW ENBL 3 VOUT 4 13 IOUT 16 NC AD8290 CF1 6 NC 1 VCC 2 15 VINP PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Figure 2. Pin Configuration Table 4. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 2 3 4 Mnemonic NC VCC ENBL VOUT 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17/Pad CF2 CF1 NC NC NC GND RSET NC IOUT VINN VINP NC NC 1 Description Tie to Ground 1 or Pin 16. Positive Power Supply Voltage. Logic 1 enables the part, and Logic 0 disables the part. Open End of Internal 10 kΩ Resistor. Tie one end of external antialiasing filter capacitor (6.8 nF) to this pin, and tie the other end to ground.1 Tie one end of the CFILTER (68 nF) that is in parallel with the internal gain resistor to this pin. Tie the other end of the CFILTER (68 nF) that is in parallel with the internal gain resistor to this pin. Tie to Ground.1 Tie to Ground.1 Tie to Ground.1 Ground1 or Negative Power Supply Voltage. Tie one end of Resistor RSET to this pin to set the excitation current and tie the other end of Resistor RSET to Pin 10. Tie to Ground.1 Excitation Current Output. Tie one end of CBRIDGE (0.1 μF) to this pin and tie the other end of CBRIDGE to ground.1 Negative Input Terminal. Positive Input Terminal. Tie to Ground1 or Pin 1. Pad should be floating and not tied to any potential. During dual-supply operation, ground becomes the negative power supply voltage. Rev. B | Page 6 of 20 AD8290 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 25 35 30 20 UNITS (%) UNITS (%) 25 20 15 15 10 10 5 892 894 896 898 900 902 904 906 908 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV) 0 06745-003 0 Figure 3. Output Offset Voltage at 2.6 V Supply 0.2988 0.2991 0.2994 0.3000 0.3006 0.3012 0.2997 0.3003 0.3009 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) 06745-006 5 Figure 6. Excitation Output Current for 3 kΩ RSET at 2.6 V Supply 35 25 30 20 20 UNITS (%) UNITS (%) 25 15 15 10 10 5 892 894 896 898 900 902 904 906 908 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV) 0 06745-004 0 Figure 4. Output Offset Voltage at 3.6 V Supply 0.2988 0.2991 0.2994 0.3000 0.3006 0.3012 0.2997 0.3003 0.3009 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) 06745-007 5 Figure 7. Excitation Output Current for 3 kΩ RSET at 3.6 V Supply 35 25 30 20 UNITS (%) 20 15 15 10 10 5 0 892 894 896 898 900 902 904 906 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV) 908 0 0.2988 0.2991 0.2994 0.2997 0.3000 0.3003 0.3006 0.3009 0.3012 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) Figure 5. Output Offset Voltage at 5.0 V Supply Figure 8. Excitation Output Current for 3 kΩ RSET at 5.0 V Supply Rev. B | Page 7 of 20 06745-008 5 06745-005 UNITS (%) 25 25 25 20 20 15 15 UNITS (%) 10 5 1.296 1.297 1.298 1.299 1.300 1.301 1.302 1.303 1.304 1.305 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) 0 GAIN ERROR (%) Figure 12. Percent Gain Error at 2.6 V Supply 25 25 20 20 15 15 UNITS (%) 10 10 5 5 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) 0 06745-010 1.296 1.297 1.298 1.299 1.300 1.301 1.302 1.303 1.304 1.305 GAIN ERROR (%) Figure 13. Percent Gain Error at 3.6 V Supply 25 25 20 20 15 15 UNITS (%) UNITS (%) Figure 10. Output Excitation Current for 692 Ω RSET at 3.6 V Supply 10 5 10 5 1.296 1.297 1.298 1.299 1.300 1.301 1.302 1.303 1.304 1.305 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) 0 06745-011 0 –0.60 –0.56 –0.52 –0.48 –0.44 –0.40 –0.36 –0.32 –0.28 06745-013 UNITS (%) Figure 9. Output Excitation Current for 692 Ω RSET at 2.6 V Supply 0 –0.60 –0.56 –0.52 –0.48 –0.44 –0.40 –0.36 –0.32 –0.28 06745-012 5 06745-009 0 10 –0.60 –0.56 –0.52 –0.48 –0.44 –0.40 –0.36 –0.32 –0.28 GAIN ERROR (%) Figure 11. Output Excitation Current for 692 Ω RSET at 5.0 V Supply Figure 14. Percent Gain Error at 5.0 V Supply Rev. B | Page 8 of 20 06745-014 UNITS (%) AD8290 AD8290 50 40 35 40 25 UNITS (%) UNITS (%) 30 20 15 30 20 10 10 0.0030 0.0035 0.0040 0.0050 0.0060 0.0070 0.0045 0.0055 0.0065 NONLINEARITY (%) 0 06745-026 0 –35 –15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 DRIFT (µV/°C) 06745-031 5 Figure 18. Output Offset Voltage Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 2.6 V Supply Figure 15. Percent Nonlinearity at 2.6 V Supply 50 35 30 40 UNITS (%) UNITS (%) 25 20 15 30 20 10 10 0.0030 0.0035 0.0040 0.0050 0.0060 0.0070 0.0045 0.0055 0.0065 NONLINEARITY (%) 0 06745-027 0 –35 –15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 DRIFT (µV/°C) 06745-032 5 Figure 19. Output Offset Voltage Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 3.6 V Supply Figure 16. Percent Nonlinearity at 3.6 V Supply 50 45 40 40 35 UNITS (%) 25 20 30 20 15 10 10 0 0.0030 0.0045 0.0060 0.0090 0.0075 0.0105 NONLINEARITY (%) 0.0120 0.0135 Figure 17. Percent Nonlinearity at 5.0 V Supply 0.0150 0 –35 –15 5 25 45 65 DRIFT (µV/°C) 85 105 125 06745-033 5 06745-028 UNITS (%) 30 Figure 20. Output Offset Voltage Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 5.0 V Supply Rev. B | Page 9 of 20 AD8290 45 40 40 35 35 30 25 UNITS (%) 25 20 15 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 DRIFT (ppm/°C) 0 06745-035 5 40 40 35 35 40 50 60 70 80 90 30 30 25 UNITS (%) 25 20 15 20 15 10 10 5 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 DRIFT (ppm/°C) 0 06745-036 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 DRIFT (ppm/°C) Figure 22. Excitation Current Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 3.6 V Supply, RSET = 3 kΩ 06745-040 UNITS (%) 30 Figure 24. Excitation Current Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 2.6 V Supply, RSET = 692 Ω 45 Figure 25. Excitation Current Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 3.6 V Supply, RSET = 692 Ω 45 40 40 35 35 30 30 UNITS (%) 25 25 20 15 20 15 10 10 5 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 DRIFT (ppm/°C) 06745-037 5 0 20 DRIFT (ppm/°C) Figure 21. Excitation Current Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 2.6 V Supply, RSET = 3 kΩ 0 10 06745-039 5 5 UNITS (%) 15 10 10 0 20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 DRIFT (ppm/°C) Figure 26. Excitation Current Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 5.0 V Supply, RSET = 692 Ω Figure 23. Excitation Current Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 5.0 V Supply, RSET = 3 kΩ Rev. B | Page 10 of 20 06745-041 UNITS (%) 30 AD8290 100 40 35 30 GAIN (V/V) UNITS (%) 25 20 15 10 10 –16.0 –15.5 –15.0 –14.5 –14.0 –13.5 –13.0 –12.5 –12.0 DRIFT (ppm/°C) 1 06745-045 0 1 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 27. Gain Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 2.6 V Supply 06745-018 5 Figure 30. Frequency Response for Supply Range of 2.6 V to 5.0 V (External CFILTER = 6.8 nF, Antialiasing Capacitor = 68 nF) 310 40 308 35 EXCITATION CURRENT (µA) 306 30 20 15 10 5 302 300 298 296 294 –16.0 –15.5 –15.0 –14.5 –14.0 –13.5 –13.0 –12.5 –12.0 DRIFT (ppm/°C) 290 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.25 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 5.50 POWER SUPPLY (V) Figure 31. Low Excitation Current vs. Power Supply Figure 28. Gain Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 3.6 V Supply 1.310 40 1.308 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) 35 30 20 15 10 5 1.306 1.304 1.302 1.300 1.298 1.296 1.294 1.292 –16.0 –15.5 –15.0 –14.5 –14.0 –13.5 –13.0 –12.5 –12.0 DRIFT (ppm/°C) 06745-047 UNITS (%) 25 0 06745-019 292 06745-046 0 304 1.290 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.25 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 5.50 POWER SUPPLY (V) Figure 32. High Excitation Current vs. Power Supply Figure 29. Gain Drift from −40°C to +85°C at 5.0 V Supply Rev. B | Page 11 of 20 06745-020 UNITS (%) 25 AD8290 50.0 310 49.9 300 2.6V SUPPLY 3.6V SUPPLY 2.6V SUPPLY 49.8 5V SUPPLY 49.7 3.6V SUPPLY 290 5.0V SUPPLY 49.6 285 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 PIN VOLTAGE (V) 49.5 –55 –45 –35 –25 –15 –5 06745-021 280 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 33. Low Excitation Current vs. Excitation Current Pin Voltage 06745-052 295 GAIN (V/V) EXCITATION CURRENT (µA) 305 Figure 36. Gain vs. Temperature 1.32 0.305 0.304 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) 1.31 1.30 1.29 2.6V SUPPLY 3.6V SUPPLY 1.28 5.0V SUPPLY 1.27 0.303 0.302 5.0V SUPPLY 2.6V SUPPLY 0.301 0.300 3.6V SUPPLY 0.299 0.298 0.297 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 PIN VOLTAGE (V) 0.295 –45 –35 –25 –15 –5 06745-022 1.26 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 34. High Excitation Current vs. Excitation Current Pin Voltage 06745-038 0.296 Figure 37. Excitation Current vs. Temperature, RSET = 3 kΩ 1.315 0.905 0.904 1.310 EXCITATION CURRENT (mA) 2.6V SUPPLY 0.902 0.901 3.6V SUPPLY 0.900 0.899 0.898 5.0V SUPPLY 0.897 5.0V SUPPLY 1.305 1.300 2.6V SUPPLY 3.6V SUPPLY 1.295 1.290 0.895 –45 –35 –25 –15 –5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 85 95 Figure 35. Output Offset Voltage vs. Temperature 1.285 –45 –35 –25 –15 –5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 38. Excitation Current vs. Temperature, RSET = 692 Ω Rev. B | Page 12 of 20 95 06745-042 0.896 06745-034 OUTPUT OFFSET (V) 0.903 AD8290 1000 1.5 1.3 1.2 5.0V SUPPLY 3.6V SUPPLY NOISE (nV Hz) QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.9 2.6V SUPPLY 100 10 0.8 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 85 95 1 0.01 06745-043 0.6 –45 –35 –25 –15 –5 0.1 1 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 39. Quiescent Current vs. Temperature (Excludes 2× Excitation Current) 06745-051 0.7 Figure 41. Input-Referred Noise vs. Frequency 1.0 INPUT-REFERRED NOISE (100nV/DIV) 0.9 0.8 ENBL PIN VOLTAGE (0V TO 5V) OUTPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE 0.7 VOLTS (V) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Figure 40. 0.01 Hz to 10 Hz Input-Referred Noise –0.1 –10 –5 0 5 10 15 TIME (ms) Figure 42. ENBL Pin Voltage for 5.0 V Supply vs. Output Offset Voltage Start-Up Time Rev. B | Page 13 of 20 20 06745-050 TIME (10s/DIV) 06745-049 0 AD8290 THEORY OF OPERATION AMPLIFIER HIGH POWER SUPPLY REJECTION (PSR) AND COMMON-MODE REJECTION (CMR) The amplifier of the AD8290 is a precision current-mode correction instrumentation amplifier. It is internally set to a fixed gain of 50. The current-mode correction topology results in excellent accuracy. PSR and CMR indicate the amount that the offset voltage of an amplifier changes when its common-mode input voltage or power supply voltage changes. The autocorrection architecture of the AD8290 continuously corrects for offset errors, including those induced by changes in input or supply voltage, resulting in exceptional rejection performance. The continuous autocorrection provides great CMR and PSR performances over the entire operating temperature range (−40°C to +85°C). Figure 43 shows a simplified diagram illustrating the basic operation of the instrumentation amplifier within the AD8290 (without correction). The circuit consists of a voltage-to-current amplifier (M1 to M6), followed by a current-to-voltage amplifier (R2 and A1). Application of a differential input voltage forces a current through R1, resulting in a conversion of the input voltage to a signal current. Transistors M3 to M6 transfer twice the signal current to the inverting input of the op amp, A1. A1 and R2 form a current-to-voltage converter to produce a rail-torail output voltage, VOUT. 1/f NOISE CORRECTION Flicker noise, also known as 1/f noise, is noise inherent in the physics of semiconductor devices and decreases 10 dB per decade. The 1/f corner frequency of an amplifier is the frequency at which the flicker noise is equal to the broadband noise of the amplifier. At lower frequencies, flicker noise dominates causing large errors in low frequency or dc applications. Op Amp A1 is a high precision auto-zero amplifier. This amplifier preserves the performance of the autocorrecting, current-mode amplifier topology while offering the user a true voltage-in, voltage-out instrumentation amplifier. Offset errors are corrected internally. Flicker noise appears as a slowly varying offset error that is reduced by the autocorrection topology of the AD8290, allowing the AD8290 to have lower noise near dc than standard low noise instrumentation amplifiers. An internal 0.9 V reference voltage is applied to the noninverting input of A1 to set the output offset level. External Capacitor CFILTER is used to filter out correction noise. VCC CFILTER I I M5 M6 R1 I – IR1 VINP M1 2I 2IR1 R3 I + IR1 (VINP – VINN) R1 VBIAS M2 VINN M3 M4 VOUT = VREF + 2R2 R1 VINP – VINN A1 VREF = 0.9V 2I 06745-023 IR1 = R2 I – IR1 EXTERNAL Figure 43. Simplified Schematic of the Instrumentation Amplifier Within the AD8290 Rev. B | Page 14 of 20 AD8290 CURRENT SOURCE The AD8290 generates an excitation current that is programmable with an external resistor, RSET, as shown in Figure 44. A1 and M1 are configured to produce 0.9 V across RSET, which is based on an internal 0.9 V reference and creates a current equal to 0.9 V/RSET internal to the AD8290. This current is passed to a precision current mirror and a replica of the current is sourced from the IOUT pin. This current can be used for the excitation of a sensor bridge. CBRIDGE is used to filter noise from the current excitation circuit. PRECISION CURRENT MIRROR A1 M1 VREF = 0.9V GND RSET IOUT RSET SENSOR BRIDGE Figure 44. Current Excitation Rev. B | Page 15 of 20 06745-024 CBRIDGE AD8290 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION For bandwidths greater than 10 Hz, an additional single-pole RC filter of 235 Hz is required on the output, which is also recommended when driving an ADC requiring an antialiasing filter. Internal to the AD8290 is a series 10 kΩ resistor at the output (R3 in Figure 43) and using an external 68 nF capacitor to ground produces an RC filter of 235 Hz on the output as well. These two filters produce an overall bandwidth of approximately 160 Hz for the output signal. TYPICAL CONNECTIONS Figure 45 shows the typical connections for single-supply operation when used with a sensor bridge. CURRENT EXCITATION In Figure 45, RSET is used to set the excitation current sourced at the IOUT pin. The formula for the excitation current IOUT is IOUT = (900/RSET) mA In addition, when driving low impedances, the internal series 10 kΩ resistor creates a voltage divider at the output. If it is necessary to access the output of the internal amplifier prior to the 10 kΩ resistor, it is available at the CF2 pin. where RSET is the resistor between Pin 10 (GND) and Pin 11 (RSET). The AD8290 is internally set by the factory to provide the current excitation described by the previous formula (within the tolerance range listed in Table 1). The range of RSET is 692 Ω to 3 kΩ, resulting in a corresponding IOUT of 1300 μA to 300 μA, respectively. For applications with low bandwidths (<10 Hz), only the first filter capacitor (CFILTER) is required. In this case, the high frequency noise from the auto-zero amplifier (output amplifier) is not filtered before the following stage. ENABLE/DISABLE FUNCTION CLOCK FEEDTHROUGH Pin 3 (ENBL) provides the enabling/disabling function of the AD8290 to conserve power when the device is not needed. A Logic 1 turns the part on and allows it to operate normally. A Logic 0 disables the output and excitation current and reduces the quiescent current to less than 10 μA. The AD8290 uses two synchronized clocks to perform autocorrection. The input voltage-to-current amplifiers are corrected at 60 kHz. Trace amounts of these clock frequencies can be observed at the output. The amount of feedthrough is dependent upon the gain because the autocorrection noise has an input- and outputreferred term. The correction feedthrough is also dependent upon the values of the external capacitors, C2 and CFILTER. The turn-on time upon switching Pin 3 high is dominated by the output filters. When the device is disabled, the output becomes high impedance, enabling the muxing application of multiple AD8290 instrumentation amplifiers. OUTPUT FILTERING Filter Capacitor CFILTER is required to limit the amount of switching noise present at the output. The recommended bandwidth of the filter created by CFILTER and an internal 100 kΩ is 235 Hz. Select CFILTER based on CFILTER = 1/(235 × 2 × π × 100 kΩ) = 6.8 nF CFILTER 6.8nF 5.0V RSET 692Ω TO 3kΩ 6 5 CF1 CF2 11 RSET 3 ENBL VCC 2 C1 0.1µF 13 IOUT 14 AD8290 VINN GND 10 VOUT 4 15 VINP VOUT CBRIDGE NC NC NC NC NC NC 1 7 8 9 12 16 NC = NO CONNECT NOTES LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS: 1. KEEP C1 CLOSE TO PIN 2 AND PIN 10. 2. KEEP RSET CLOSE TO PIN 11. Figure 45. Typical Single-Supply Connections Rev. B | Page 16 of 20 06745-025 C2 68nF AD8290 DUAL-SUPPLY OPERATION MAXIMIZING PERFORMANCE THROUGH PROPER LAYOUT The AD8290 can be configured to operate in dual-supply mode. An example of such a circuit is shown in Figure 46, where the AD8290 is powered by ±1.8 V supplies. When operating with dual supplies, pins that are normally referenced to ground in the single-supply mode, now need to be referenced to the negative supply. These pins include the following: Pin 1, Pin 7, Pin 8, Pin 9, Pin 10, Pin 12, and Pin 16. External components, such as RSET, the sensing bridge, and the antialiasing filter capacitor at the output, should also be referenced to the negative supply. Additionally, two bypass capacitors should be added beyond what is necessary for single-supply operation: one between the negative supply and ground, and the other between the positive and negative supplies. To achieve the maximum performance of the AD8290, care should be taken in the circuit board layout. The PCB surface must remain clean and free of moisture to avoid leakage currents between adjacent traces. Surface coating of the circuit board reduces surface moisture and provides a humidity barrier, reducing parasitic resistance on the board. RSET should be placed close to RSET (Pin 11) and GND (Pin 10). The paddle on the bottom of the package should not be connected to any potential and should be floating. For high impedance sources, the PCB traces from the AD8290 inputs should be kept to a minimum to reduce input bias current errors. When operating in dual-supply mode, the specifications change and become relative to the negative supply. The input voltage range minimum shifts from 0.2 V to 0.2 V above the negative supply (in this example: −1.6 V), the output voltage range shifts from a minimum of 0.075 V to 0.075 V above the negative supply (in this example: −1.725 V), and the excitation current pin voltage minimum shifts from 0 V to −1.8 V in this example. The maximum specifications of these three parameters are specified relative to VCC in Table 1 and do not change. POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING The AD8290 uses internally generated clock signals to perform autocorrection. As a result, proper bypassing is necessary to achieve optimum performance. Inadequate or improper bypassing of the supply lines can lead to excessive noise and offset voltage. A 0.1 μF surface-mount capacitor should be connected between Pin 2 (VCC) and Pin 10 (GND) when operating with a single supply and should be located as close as possible to those two pins. For other specifications, both the minimum and maximum specifications change. The output offset shifts from a minimum of +865 mV and maximum of +935 mV to a minimum of −935 mV and a maximum of −865 mV in the example. In addition, the logic levels for the ENBL operation should be adjusted accordingly. CFILTER 6.8nF 1.8V 11 RSET C3 0.1µF 6 5 3 CF1 CF2 ENBL –1.8V VCC 2 13 IOUT C1 0.1µF –1.8V GND 10 14 VINN 15 VINP AD8290 C5 0.1µF VOUT 4 CBRIDGE NC NC NC NC NC NC 1 7 8 9 12 16 –1.8V NC = NO CONNECT NOTES LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS: 1. KEEP C1 CLOSE TO PIN 2 AND PIN 10. 2. KEEP C3 CLOSE TO PIN 2. 3. KEEP C5 CLOSE TO PIN 10. 4. KEEP RSET CLOSE TO PIN 11. VOUT C2 68nF –1.8V Figure 46. Typical Dual-Supply Connections Rev. B | Page 17 of 20 06745-029 RSET 692Ω TO 3kΩ AD8290 The specifications for the bridge are show in Table 5 and the chosen conditions for the AD8290 are listed in Table 6. PRESSURE SENSOR BRIDGE APPLICATION Given its excitation current range, the AD8290 provides a good match with pressure sensor circuits. Two such sensors are the Fujikura FGN-615PGSR and the Honeywell HPX050AS. Figure 47 shows the AD8290 paired with the Honeywell bridge and the appropriate connections. In this example, a resistor, RP, is added to the circuit to ensure that the maximum output voltage of the AD8290 is not exceeded. Depending on the sensors specifications, RP may not be necessary. Given these specifications, calculations should be made to ensure that the AD8290 is operating within its required ranges. The combination of the excitation current and RP must be chosen to ensure that the conditions stay within the minimum and maximum specifications of the AD8290. For this example, because the specifications of the HPX050AS are for a bridge excitation voltage of 3.0 V, care must be taken to scale the resulting voltage calculations to the actual bridge voltage. The required calculations are shown in Table 7. CFILTER 6.8nF 3.3V RSET 2.7kΩ 13 RP 2kΩ CBRIDGE 0.1µF 6 5 3 CF1 CF2 ENBL 11 RSET VCC 2 IOUT 8 HPX050AS 2 14 VINN 15 VINP AD8290 GND 10 C1 0.1µF 6 VOUT 4 5 NC NC NC NC NC NC 1 7 8 9 12 16 C2 68nF 06745-030 4 NC = NO CONNECT Figure 47. HPX050AS Pressure Sensor Application Table 5. HPX050AS Specifications Bridge Impedance (Ω) Minimum Maximum 4000 6000 Rated Offset (mV) Minimum Maximum −30 +30 Rated Output Span (mV) Minimum Maximum 0 80 Bridge Excite Voltage (V) 3.0 Table 6. Typical AD8290 Conditions for Pressure Sensor Circuit AD8290 VCC (V) 3.3 (2.6 to 5.5) Excitation Current (μA) 333.3 (300 to 1300) Parallel Resistor RP (Ω) 2000 Table 7. Pressure Sensor Circuit Calculations Compared to AD8290 Minimum/Maximum Specifications Specification Supply Current Current Setting Resistor (RSET) Minimum Equivalent Resistance to IOUT Pin Maximum Equivalent Resistance to IOUT Pin Minimum Current into Bridge Maximum Current into Bridge Minimum Bridge Midpoint Voltage (Excluding Offset/Span) Maximum Bridge Midpoint Voltage (Excluding Offset/Span) Minimum Voltage at Current Output Pin (IOUT) Maximum Voltage at Current Output Pin (IOUT) Input Voltage Minimum Input Voltage Maximum Output Voltage Minimum Output Voltage Maximum Calculation 1.867 2700 1333 1500 83.333 111.111 0.222 0.250 0.444 0.500 0.218 0.266 0.643 1.852 Rev. B | Page 18 of 20 Unit mA Ω Ω Ω μA μA V V V V V V V V Allowable Range of AD8290 692 Ω to 3000 Ω >0.0 V <2.3 V >0.2 V <1.6 V >0.075 V <3.225 V AD8290 TEMPERATURE SENSOR APPLICATION ADC/MICROCONTROLLER The AD8290 can be used with a temperature sensor. Figure 48 shows the AD8290 in conjunction with an RTD, in this example, a 2-wire PT100. The specifications for the sensor are shown in Table 8 and the chosen conditions for the AD8290 are listed in Table 9. In both of the previous applications, an ADC or a microcontroller can be used to follow the AD8290 to convert the output analog signal to digital. For example, if there are multiple sensors in the system, the six channel ADuC814ARU microcontoller is an excellent candidate to interface with multiple AD8290s. Once again, care must be taken when picking the excitation current and RG such that the minimum and maximum specifications of the AD8290 are not exceeded. Sample calculations are shown in Table 10. CFILTER 6.8nF 3.3V RSET 3kΩ 11 RSET 6 5 3 CF1 CF2 ENBL VCC 2 13 IOUT CBRIDGE 0.1µF 15 AD8290 VINP GND 10 C1 0.1µF RTD 14 VINN VOUT 4 NC NC NC NC NC NC 1 7 8 9 12 16 C2 68nF 06745-044 RG 698Ω NC = NO CONNECT Figure 48. PT100 Temperature Sensor Application Connections Table 8. PT100 Specifications RTD Minimum @ 0°C 100 Ω RTD Maximum @ 100°C 138.5 Ω Table 9. Typical AD8290 Conditions for Temperature Sensor Circuit AD8290 VCC (V) 3.30 (2.6 to 5.5) Excitation Current (μA) 300 (300 to 1300) Resistor from RTD to GND, RG (Ω) 698 Table 10. Temperature Sensor Circuit Calculations Compared to AD8290 Minimum/Maximum Specifications Specification Supply Current Current Setting Resistor (RSET) Minimum Equivalent Resistance to IOUT Pin Maximum Equivalent Resistance to IOUT Pin Minimum Voltage @ Current Output Pin (IOUT) Maximum Voltage @ Current Output Pin (IOUT) Input Voltage Minimum Input Voltage Maximum Output Voltage Minimum Output Voltage Maximum Calculation 1.8 3000 798 836.5 0.239 0.251 0.209 0.251 2.365 3.013 Rev. B | Page 19 of 20 Unit mA Ω Ω Ω V V V V V V Allowable Range of AD8290 692 Ω to 3000 Ω >0.0 V <2.3 V >0.2 V <1.6 V >0.075 V <3.225 V AD8290 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 3.00 BSC SQ PIN 1 INDICATOR 13 12 16 1 1.80 1.70 SQ 1.55 EXPOSED PAD 0.50 BSC TOP VIEW 0.60 0.55 0.51 SEATING PLANE 9 8 5 4 BOTTOM VIEW 0.40 MAX 0.30 NOM 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM 0.30 0.25 0.18 0.08 REF 053106-B INDEX AREA COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-248-UEED. Figure 49. 16-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_UQ] 3 mm × 3 mm Body, Ultra Thin Quad (CP-16-12) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model AD8290ACPZ-R2 1 AD8290ACPZ-R71 AD8290ACPZ-RL1 1 Temperature Range −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C Package Description 16-Lead LFCSP_UQ 16-Lead LFCSP_UQ 16-Lead LFCSP_UQ Z = RoHS Compliant Part. ©2007–2008 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D06745-0-2/08(B) Rev. B | Page 20 of 20 Package Option CP-16-12 CP-16-12 CP-16-12 Branding Y0J Y0J Y0J