Low Cost CMOS, High Speed, Rail-to-Rail Amplifiers ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 FEATURES CONNECTION DIAGRAMS NC 1 8 NC –IN 2 7 +VS +IN 3 6 VOUT –VS 4 5 NC NC = NO CONNECT 08054-026 ADA4891-1 Low cost High speed and fast settling −3 dB bandwidth: 240 MHz (G = +1) Slew rate: 170 V/μs Settling time to 0.1%: 28 ns Video specifications (G = +2, RL = 150 Ω) 0.1 dB gain flatness: 25 MHz Differential gain error: 0.05% Differential phase error: 0.25° Single-supply operation Wide supply range: 2.7 V to 5.5 V Output swings to within 50 mV of supply rails Low distortion: 79 dBc SFDR @ 1 MHz Linear output current: 150 mA @ −50 dBc Low power of 4.4 mA per amplifier Figure 1. 8-Lead SOIC (R-8) ADA4891-1 VOUT 1 5 +VS 4 –IN +IN 3 08054-001 –VS 2 Figure 2. 5-Lead SOT-23 (RJ-5) APPLICATIONS Imaging Consumer video Active filters Coaxial cable drivers Clock buffers Photodiode preamp Contact image sensor and buffers 8 +VS –IN1 2 7 OUT +IN1 3 6 –IN2 –VS 4 5 +IN2 NC = NO CONNECT 08054-027 ADA4891-2 OUT1 1 Figure 3. 8-Lead SOIC (R-8) and 8-Lead MSOP (RM-8) GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADA4891 family of amplifiers are ideal for imaging applications, such as consumer video, CCD buffers, and contact image sensor buffers. Low distortion and fast settling time also make them ideal for active filter applications. The ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 are available in a wide variety of packages. The ADA4891-1 is available in 8-lead SOIC and 5-lead SOT-23 packages. The ADA4891-2 is available in 8-lead SOIC and 8-lead MSOP packages. The amplifiers are specified to operate over the extended temperature range of −40°C to +125°C. 0 –1 –2 G = +2 RF = 604Ω G = +1 RF = 0Ω –3 –4 –5 G = +5 RF = 604Ω –6 –7 –8 VS = +5V –9 RL = 150Ω VOUT = 2V p-p –10 0.1 1 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (MHz) 08054-069 In spite of their low cost, the ADA4891 family provides high performance and versatility. The rail-to-rail output stage enables the output to swing within 50 mV of each rail, enabling maximum dynamic range. 1 NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) The ADA4891-1 (single) and ADA4891-2 (dual) are CMOS, high speed amplifiers that offer high performance at a low cost. The amplifiers feature true single-supply capability, with an input voltage range that extends 300 mV below the negative rail. Figure 4. Large Signal Frequency Response vs. Gain, VS = 5 V Rev. A Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2010 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Recommended Values ............................................................... 12 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Effect of RF on 0.1 dB Gain Flatness ........................................ 13 Connection Diagrams ...................................................................... 1 Driving Capacitive Loads .......................................................... 14 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Terminating Unused Amplifiers .............................................. 15 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Video Reconstruction Filter ...................................................... 15 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Layout, Grounding, and Bypassing .............................................. 16 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 Power Supply Bypassing ............................................................ 16 Maximum Power Dissipation ..................................................... 5 Grounding ................................................................................... 16 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 5 Input and Output Capacitance ................................................. 16 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 6 Input-to-Output Coupling ........................................................ 16 Applications Information .............................................................. 12 Leakage Currents ........................................................................ 16 Using the ADA4891 ................................................................... 12 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 17 Wideband, Noninverting Operation........................................ 12 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 18 Wideband, Inverting Gain Operation ..................................... 12 REVISION HISTORY 6/10—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Changes to Figure 26 ........................................................................ 9 Changes to Figure 33 and Figure 34 ............................................. 10 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 18 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 18 2/10—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. A | Page 2 of 20 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 SPECIFICATIONS TA = 25°C, VS = 5 V, RL = 1 kΩ to 2.5 V, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE −3 dB Small Signal Bandwidth Bandwidth for 0.1 dB Flatness Slew Rate (tR/tF) Large Signal Frequency Response Settling Time to 0.1% NOISE/DISTORTION PERFORMANCE Harmonic Distortion, HD2/HD3 Harmonic Distortion, HD2/HD3 Input Voltage Noise Differential Gain Error (NTSC) Differential Phase Error (NTSC) Crosstalk DC PERFORMANCE Input Offset Voltage Test Conditions Min MHz MHz MHz V/μs MHz ns fC = 1 MHz, VO = 2 V p-p, G = +1 fC = 1 MHz, VO = 2 V p-p, G = −1 f = 1 MHz G = +2, RL = 150 Ω to 2.5 V G = +2, RL = 150 Ω to 2.5 V f = 5 MHz, G = +2, VO = 2 V p-p −79/−93 −75/−91 10 0.05 0.25 −80 dBc dBc nV/√Hz % Degrees dB RL = 150 Ω to 2.5 V ±2.5 ±3.2 6 +2 83 71 GΩ pF V VCM = 0 V to 3.0 V 5 3.2 −VS − 0.3 to +VS − 0.8 71 RL = 1 kΩ to 2.5 V RL = 150 Ω to 2.5 V 1% THD with 1 MHz, 2 V p-p output Sourcing Sinking G = +1, <30% overshoot 0.005 to 4.985 0.065 to 4.9 150 250 225 15 V V mA mA mA pF −50 77 INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Input Resistance Input Capacitance Input Common-Mode Voltage Range Capacitive Load Drive POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Quiescent Current per Amplifier Positive Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) Negative Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE Unit 240 90 25 170/210 40 28 Offset Drift Input Bias Current Open-Loop Gain Output Current Short-Circuit Current Max G = +1, VO = 0.2 V p-p G = +2, VO = 0.2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω to 2.5 V, RF = 604 Ω G = +2, VO = 2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω to 2.5 V, RF = 604 Ω G = +2, VO = 2 V step G = +2, VO = 2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω G = +2, VO = 2 V step TMIN to TMAX Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Swing Typ 2.7 +50 −40 mV mV μV/°C pA dB dB dB 5.5 4.4 65 63 +VS = 5 V to 5.25 V, −VS = 0 V +VS = 5 V, −VS = −0.25 V to 0 V Rev. A | Page 3 of 20 ±10 +125 V mA dB dB °C ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 TA = 25°C, VS = 3.0 V, RL = 1 kΩ to 1.5 V, unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE −3 dB Small Signal Bandwidth Bandwidth for 0.1 dB Flatness Slew Rate (tR/tF) Large Signal Frequency Response Settling Time to 0.1% NOISE/DISTORTION PERFORMANCE Total Harmonic Distortion Input Voltage Noise Differential Gain Error (NTSC) Differential Phase Error (NTSC) Crosstalk DC PERFORMANCE Input Offset Voltage Test Conditions Min MHz MHz MHz V/μs MHz ns fC = 1 MHz, VO = 2 V p-p, G = −1 f = 1 MHz G = +2, RL = 150 Ω to 0.5 V, +VS = 2 V, −VS = −1 V G = +2, RL = 150 Ω to 0.5 V, + VS = 2 V, −VS = −1 V f = 5 MHz, G = +2 −70/−89 10 0.23 0.77 −80 dBc nV/√Hz % Degrees dB RL = 150 Ω to 1.5 V ±2.5 ±3.2 6 +2 76 65 GΩ pF V VCM = 0 V to 1.5 V 5 3.2 −VS − 0.3 to +VS − 0.8 68 RL = 1 kΩ to 1.5 V RL = 150 Ω to 1.5 V 1% THD with 1 MHz, 2 V p-p output Sourcing Sinking G = +1 0.005 to 2.985 0.095 to 2.965 50 150 95 15 V V mA mA mA pF −50 72 INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Input Resistance Input Capacitance Input Common-Mode Voltage Range Capacitive Load Drive POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Quiescent Current per Amplifier Positive Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) Negative Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE Unit 190 75 18 140/230 40 30 Offset Drift Input Bias Current Open-Loop Gain Output Current Short-Circuit Current Max G = +1, VO = 0.2 V p-p G = +2, VO = 0.2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω to 2.5 V, RF = 604 Ω G = +2, VO = 2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω to 2.5 V, RF = 604 Ω G = +2, VO = 2 V step G = +2, VO = 2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω G = +2, VO = 2 V step TMIN to TMAX Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Swing Typ 2.7 +50 −40 mV mV μV/°C pA dB dB dB 5.5 3.5 76 72 +VS = 3 V to 3.15 V, −VS = 0 V +VS = 3 V, −VS = −0.15 V to 0 V Rev. A | Page 4 of 20 ±10 +125 V mA dB dB °C ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating 6V −VS − 0.5 V to +VS ±VS −65°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C 300°C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION The maximum power that can be safely dissipated by the ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 is limited by the associated rise in junction temperature. The maximum safe junction temperature for plastic encapsulated devices is determined by the glass transition temperature of the plastic, approximately 150°C. Temporarily exceeding this limit can cause a shift in parametric performance due to a change in the stresses exerted on the die by the package. Exceeding a junction temperature of 175°C for an extended period can result in device failure. The still-air thermal properties of the package (θJA), the ambient temperature (TA), and the total power dissipated in the package (PD) can be used to determine the junction temperature of the die. PD = (VS × IS) + (VS − VOUT) × VOUT/RL where: VS is the positive supply rail. IS is the quiescent current. VOUT is the output of the amplifier. RL is the output load of the amplifier. To ensure proper operating, it is necessary to observe the maximum power derating curve in Figure 5, where it is derived by setting TJ = 150°C in Equation 1. Figure 5 shows the maximum safe power dissipation in the package vs. the ambient temperature for the 5-lead SOT-23 (146°C/W), the 8-lead SOIC (115°C/W), and the 8-Lead MSOP (133°C/W) on a JEDEC standard 4-layer board. 2.0 TJ = 150 °C 8-LEAD MSOP 1.5 8-LEAD SOIC 1.0 5-LEAD SOT-23 0.5 0 –55 –35 –15 The junction temperature can be calculated as TJ = TA + (PD × θJA) (2) 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 AMBIENT TEMPERAURE (°C) Figure 5. Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Ambient Temperature (1) ESD CAUTION Rev. A | Page 5 of 20 08054-002 Parameter Supply Voltage Input Voltage (Common Mode) Differential Input Voltage Storage Temperature Range (R) Operating Temperature Range (A Grade) Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) The power dissipated in the package (PD) is the sum of the quiescent power dissipation and the power dissipated in the package due to the load drive for all outputs. It can be calculated by MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W) Table 3. ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 4 6 CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 0 –1 G = –1 OR +2 –2 G = +1 –3 –4 G = +10 G = +5 –5 –6 0 –40°C –3 –6 –7 100 1000 –12 0.1 VS = 3V VS = 5V –3 –6 –9 G = +1 VOUT = 200mV p-p RL = 1kΩ 0 VS = 3V VOUT = 2V p-p –0.1 VS = 5V VOUT = 1.4V p-p –0.2 –0.4 100 1000 08054-029 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 4 –40°C –1 –2 –3 –4 –5 –6 –7 VS = 5V G = +1 VOUT = 200mV p-p RL = 1kΩ 1 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (MHz) 08054-030 –9 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 1 0 1 0.2 +125°C 2 VS = 3V VOUT = 1.4V p-p Figure 10. 0.1 dB Gain Flatness vs. Frequency, G = +2 +25°C 0°C +85°C 3 –10 0.1 G = +2 RF = 604Ω RL = 150Ω 0.1 Figure 7. Small Signal Frequency Response vs. Supply Voltage –8 VS = 5V VOUT = 2V p-p –0.3 –0.5 1 1000 0.1 VS = 2.7V 0 –15 0.1 100 Figure 9. Small Signal Frequency Response vs. Temperature, VS = 3 V 3 –12 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 6 1 08054-019 10 VS = 3V G = +1 VOUT = 200mV p-p RL = 1kΩ 08054-031 –9 RF = 649Ω RF = 604Ω 0.1 RF = 698Ω 0 RF = 549Ω –0.1 –0.2 –0.3 VS = +5V G = +2 VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 150Ω –0.4 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 11. 0.1 dB Gain Flatness vs. RF, VS = 5 V Figure 8. Small Signal Frequency Response vs. Temperature, VS = 5 V Rev. A | Page 6 of 20 100 08054-020 VS = 5V –8 VOUT = 200mV p-p RF = 604Ω –9 RL = 1kΩ –10 0.1 1 Figure 6. Small Signal Frequency Response vs. Gain, VS = 5 V CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) +125°C 3 1 08054-028 NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 2 FREQUENCY (MHz) CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) +25°C 0°C +85°C 3 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 –40 0.1 VS = 5V RL = 1kΩ VOUT = 2V p-p –50 –60 RF = 604Ω –0.2 RF = 549Ω –0.3 G = +1 SECOND HARMONIC –80 –90 –100 VS = 3V G = +2 VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 150Ω –0.4 0.1 G = +2 THIRD HARMONIC –110 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) G = +1 THIRD HARMONIC –120 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 15. Harmonic Distortion (HD2, HD3) vs. Frequency, VS = 5 V Figure 12. 0.1 dB Gain Flatness vs. RF, VS = 3 V –30 1 VS = 3V RL = 1kΩ VOUT = 2V p-p 0 G = +2 RF = 604Ω –2 –40 G = +1 RF = 0Ω DISTORTION (dBc) –1 –3 –4 G = +5 RF = 604Ω –5 G = –1 RF = 604Ω –6 G = +1 THIRD HARMONIC G = +1 SECOND HARMONIC –50 G = +2 SECOND HARMONIC –60 +VS = 2V –70 –7 OUT G = +2 THIRD HARMONIC –80 VS = +5V –9 RL = 150Ω VOUT = 2V p-p –10 0.1 1 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (MHz) –VS = –1V 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 16. Harmonic Distortion (HD2, HD3) vs. Frequency, VS = 3 V –40 4 –50 G = –1 VOUT = 2V p-p 2 1 –60 –1 –2 DISTORTION (dBc) G = +1 VOUT = 1V p-p 0 G = +2 VOUT = 2V p-p –3 –4 G = +5 VOUT = 2V p-p –5 –6 G = –1 SECOND HARMONIC –70 –80 –90 –100 G = +1 THIRD HARMONIC –7 G = –1 THIRD HARMONIC 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (MHz) 08054-037 –120 1 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V p-p) Figure 17. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage, VS = 5 V Figure 14. Large Signal Frequency Response vs. Gain, VS = 3 V Rev. A | Page 7 of 20 08054-040 –110 VS = 3V RF = 604Ω RL = 150Ω –10 0.1 G = +1 SECOND HARMONIC VS = 5V RF = 604Ω RL = 1kΩ fC = 1MHz 3 –8 1kΩ G = +1 CONFIGURATION –90 0.1 Figure 13. Large Signal Frequency Response vs. Gain, VS = 5 V –9 IN 50Ω 08054-039 –8 08054-036 NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) –70 08054-038 DISTORTION (dBc) RF = 649Ω –0.1 –0.5 NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) G = +2 SECOND HARMONIC 0 08054-021 NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) RF = 698Ω ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 –40 6 G = –1 SECOND HARMONIC +VS = +1.8V CL = 47pF 4 1kΩ –70 –VS = –1.2V –80 G = –1 THIRD HARMONIC G = +1 SECOND HARMONIC –90 –100 3 CL = 22pF CL = 10pF 2 1 0 CL = 0pF –1 –2 VS = 3V FOR G = –1, RF = 604Ω, fC = 1MHz –120 0.5 0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V p-p) –3 –4 0.1 08054-041 G = +1 THIRD HARMONIC –110 10 100 1k Figure 21. Small Signal Frequency Response vs. CLOAD (CL) 0.06 VS = 3V THIRD HARMONIC –60 0.04 0.02 0 –0.02 –0.04 –0.06 VS = 5V SECOND HARMONIC –80 DIFFERENTIAL PHASE ERROR (Degrees) –70 VS = 5V THIRD HARMONIC –100 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V p-p) –54 50 –72 40 –90 30 –108 20 –126 10 –144 0 –162 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) –180 1k VOLTAGE NOISE (nV/√Hz) –36 60 0.01 5TH 6TH 7TH 8TH 9TH 10TH 3RD 4TH 5TH 6TH 7TH 8TH MODULATING RAMP LEVEL (IRE) 9TH 10TH 0.1 0 –0.1 –0.2 –0.3 VS = 5V, G = +2 RF = 604Ω, RL =150Ω 1ST 2ND –18 70 –10 0.001 4TH 1k 0 PHASE (Degrees) 80 3RD Figure 22. Differential Gain and Phase Errors 08054-043 VS = 5V RL = 1kΩ 2ND 0.2 Figure 19. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage, G = +2 90 1ST 0.3 08054-042 –90 VS = 5V, G = +2 RF = 604Ω, RL =150Ω Figure 20. Open-Loop Gain and Phase vs. Frequency 100 10 1 10 VS = 5V G=1 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 23. Input Voltage Noise vs. Frequency Rev. A | Page 8 of 20 10M 08054-045 –50 VS = 3V SECOND HARMONIC DIFFERENTIAL GAIN ERROR (%) G = +2 RF = 604Ω RL = 150Ω fC = 1MHz 08054-060 –40 DISTORTION (dBc) 1 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 18. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage, VS = 3 V OPEN-LOOP GAIN (dB) VS = 5V G = +2 RL = 150Ω VOUT = 200mV p-p 08054-044 IN 50Ω CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) OUT –60 DISTORTION (dBc) 5 G = +1 CONFIGURATION –50 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 100 VS = 5V G = +1 VS = 5V G = +1 VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 1kΩ 1 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV) OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω) 10 1 RL = 150Ω 0 0.1 5ns/DIV 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 08054-046 0.5V/DIV 0.01 0.01 Figure 27. Large Signal Step Response, VS = 5 V Figure 24. Closed-Loop Output Impedance vs. Frequency G=1 VOUT = 200mV p-p RL = 1kΩ VS = 3V G = +1 VOUT = 1V p-p RL = 1kΩ 0.5 100 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV) VS = 3V 08054-049 –1 VS = 5V 0 RL = 150Ω 0 –100 5ns/DIV Figure 25. Small Signal Step Response, G = +1 1 0.30 VS = +5V G = +2 RF = 604Ω RL = 150Ω VOUT = 2V p-p 0.20 SETTLING (%) VS = 3V RL = 150Ω 0 VS = 5V RL = 150Ω 0.10 0 –0.10 0.5V/DIV 10ns/DIV –0.20 0.10%/DIV 5ns/DIV –0.30 0 Figure 26. Large Signal Step Response, G = +2 25 30 35 40 Figure 29. Short-Term Settling Time to 0.1% Rev. A | Page 9 of 20 08054-061 VS = 3V RL = 1kΩ 1 08054-047 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 28. Large Signal Step Response, VS = 3 V G = +2 VOUT = 2V p-p RF = 604Ω VS = 5V RL = 1kΩ 5ns/DIV 0.5V/DIV 08054-050 50mV/DIV 08054-048 –0.5 45 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 3 200 VS = 5V G = +2 RL = 150Ω 190 VS = ±2.5V G = –2 RL = 1kΩ OUTPUT 2 AMPLITUDE (V) 170 160 1 INPUT 0 –1 RISING EDGE 150 –2 140 1.0 –3 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 OUTPUT STEP AMPLITUDE (V) 08054-051 1V/DIV Figure 33. Output Overdrive Recovery from Positive Rail Figure 30. Slew Rate vs. Output Step 3 3 VS = ±2.5V G = +1 RL = 1kΩ INPUT 5ns/DIV VS = ±2.5V G = –2 RL = 1kΩ INPUT 2 OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (V) AMPLITUDE (V) 2 08054-070 SLEW RATE (V/µs) FALLING EDGE 180 1 1 0 –1 1V/DIV 5ns/DIV –1 08054-071 –2 1V/DIV 5ns/DIV –3 Figure 31. Input Overdrive Recovery From Positive Rail Figure 34. Output Overdrive Recovery from Negative Rail 1 –20 VS = ±2.5V G = +1 RL = 1kΩ VS = 5V –30 INPUT 0 CMRR (dB) –40 –1 –50 –60 –2 OUTPUT 5ns/DIV –80 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 32. Input Overdrive Recovery from Negative Rail Figure 35. CMRR vs. Frequency Rev. A | Page 10 of 20 100 08054-053 1V/DIV –3 –70 08054-063 AMPLITUDE (V) OUTPUT 08054-052 0 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 6.0 Vs = 5V G = +1 VS = 5V QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) –20 PSRR (dB) –30 –40 +PSRR –50 –60 –PSRR –70 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 –40 08054-054 –80 0.01 5.5 40 60 80 100 120 4.4 QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) Vs = 5V G = +2 RL = 1 kΩ VOUT = 2V p-p –30 CROSSTALK (dB) 20 Figure 39. Supply Current per Amplifier vs. Temperature 0 –20 0 TEMPERATURE (ºC) Figure 36. PSRR vs. Frequency –10 –20 08054-057 –10 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 1 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 37. ADA4891-2 (SOIC) Crosstalk (Output-to-Output) vs. Frequency OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 1.0 VS = 5V 0.9 G = –2 RF = 604Ω 0.8 0.7 VOH, +125°C VOH, +25°C VOH, –40°C VOL, +125°C VOL, +25°C VOL, –40°C 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 ILOAD (mA) 70 80 90 100 08054-056 0 Figure 38. Output Saturation Voltage vs. Load Current vs. Temperature Rev. A | Page 11 of 20 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 40. Supply Current per Amplifier vs. Supply Voltage 5.1 08054-058 –100 0.1 08054-072 –90 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION WIDEBAND, INVERTING GAIN OPERATION USING THE ADA4891 +VS Understanding the subtleties of the ADA4891 family gives users insight into how to exact its peak performance. In this section, how the gain, component values, and parasitics affect the performance of the ADA4891 are discussed. The wideband, noninverting configuration of the ADA4891 is shown in Figure 41, while the wideband, inverting configuration of the ADA4891 is shown in Figure 42. 0.1µF 10µF VO ADA4891-1 50Ω SOURCE WIDEBAND, NONINVERTING OPERATION RL RG RF VI RT +VS 0.1µF 08054-024 0.1µF 10µF 10µF 50Ω SOURCE –VS VI Figure 42. Inverting Configuration VO ADA4891-1 RT Figure 42 shows the inverting gain configuration. To match the input source impedance for the inverting gain configuration, set the parallel combination of RT//RG to match that of the input source impedance. RL RF RG Note that a bias current cancellation resistor is not required in the noninverting input of the amplifier because the input bias current of the ADA4891 is very low (less than 10 pA). Therefore, the dc errors caused by the bias current are negligible. 10µF 08054-023 0.1µF –VS Figure 41. Noninverting Configuration In Figure 41, RF and RG denote the feedback and the gain resistor, respectively. Together, RF and RG determine the noise gain of the amplifier, and the value of RF defines the 0.1 dB bandwidth. The effect of RF on the 0.1 dB gain flatness is discussed in the Effect of RF on 0.1 dB Gain Flatness section. Typical RF values range from 549 Ω to 698 Ω. For both configurations, it is often useful to increase the RF value to decrease the loading on the output. Increasing the RF value improves the harmonic distortion at the expense of reducing the 0.1 dB bandwidth of the amplifier. This effect is discussed further in the Effect of RF on 0.1 dB Gain Flatness section. In a controlled impedance signal path, RT is used as the input termination resistor designed to match that of the input source impedance. Note that it is not required for normal operation. RT is generally set to match the input source impedance. Table 4 provides a handy reference for various configurations and shows the effect of gain on the −3 dB small signal bandwidth, slew rate, and peaking of the ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2. Note that as the gain increases, the small signal bandwidth decreases as is expected from the gain bandwidth product relationship. In addition, the phase margin improves with higher gains, and the amplifier becomes more stable. As a result, the peaking in the frequency response is reduced (see Figure 6). RECOMMENDED VALUES Table 4. Recommended Values for the ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 Performance Gain −1 +1 +2 +5 +10 Feedback Network Values RF RG 604 604 0 0 604 604 604 151 604 67.1 −3 dB Small Signal Bandwidth (MHz) VOUT = 200 mV p-p 118 236 120 32.5 12.7 Rev. A | Page 12 of 20 Slew Rate (V/μs) tR tF 188 192 154 263 178 204 149 154 71 72 Peaking (dB) 1.3 2.6 1.4 0 0 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 EFFECT OF RF ON 0.1 dB GAIN FLATNESS Gain flatness is an important specification in video applications. It represents the maximum allowable deviation in the signal amplitude within the pass band. Tests have revealed that the human eye is unable to distinguish brightness variations of less than 1%, which translates into a 0.1 dB signal drop within the pass band, or put simply, 0.1 dB gain flatness. The PCB layout configuration and bond pads of the chip often contribute to stray capacitance. The stray capacitance at the inverting input forms a pole with the feedback and gain resistor. This additional pole adds phase shift and reduces phase margin in the closed-loop phase response, causing instability in the amplifier and peaking in the frequency response. The feedback capacitor, CF, forms a zero with the feedback resistor, which cancels out the pole formed by the input stray capacitance and the gain and feedback resistor. For a first pass in determining the CF value, use the equation RG × CS = RF × CF, where RG is the gain resistor, CS is the input stray capacitance, RF is the feedback resistor, and CF is the feedback capacitor. This is the condition where the original closed-loop frequency response of the amplifier is restored as if there is no stray input capacitance. Most often, however, the value of CF is determined empirically. Figure 44 shows the effect of using various values for the feedback capacitors to reduce peaking. In this case, RF = RG = 604 Ω. The input stray capacitance, together with the board parasitics, is approximately 2 pF. RG = RF = 698Ω 0 RG = RF = 549Ω –0.1 CF = 1pF 0 CF = 3.3pF 0.1 0.2 VS = 5V G=2 RF = 604Ω RL = 150Ω VOUT = 2V p-p 0.3 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) –0.2 Figure 44. 0.1 dB Gain Flatness vs. CF, VS = 5 V –0.3 VS = +5V G = +2 VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 150Ω –0.4 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 08054-022 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) RG = RF = 649Ω RG = RF = 604Ω 0.1 CF = 0pF 0.1 Figure 43. Noninverting Configuration To get the desired 0.1 dB bandwidth, adjust the feedback resistor, RF, as shown in Figure 43. If RF cannot be adjusted, a small capacitor can be placed in parallel with RF to reduce peaking. Rev. A | Page 13 of 20 100 08054-025 0.2 NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 0.2 Figure 43 shows the effect of using various values of Feedback Resistor RF on the 0.1 dB gain flatness. Note that a larger RF value causes more peaking because the additional pole formed by RF, and the input stray capacitance, shifts down in frequency and interacts significantly with the internal poles of the amplifier. ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 8 VS = 5V VOUT = 200mV p-p G = +1 RL = 1kΩ CL = 6.8pF 6 4 2 RS = 0Ω 0 RS = 100Ω –2 –4 VIN 200mV STEP –6 –8 RS VOUT RL CL 50Ω –10 0.1 1 8 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 47. Capacitive Load Drive vs. Closed-Loop Gain 6 4 VS = 5V G = +1 RL = 1kΩ CL = 6.8pF RS = 100Ω 2 –4 –6 –8 VS = 5V VOUT = 200mV p-p G = +1 RL = 1kΩ CL = 6.8pF –10 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 45. Closed-Loop Frequency Response, CL = 6.8 pF 100 0 C1 –100 50mV/DIV 50ns/DIV Figure 48. 200 mV Step Response, CL = 50 pF VS = 5V G = +1 RL = 1kΩ CL = 6.8pF 100 0 –100 C1 50mV/DIV 50ns/DIV Figure 46. 200 mV Step Response, CL = 6.8 pF Rev. A | Page 14 of 20 08054-035 –2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV) 0 08054-032 • Figure 48 shows that the transient response is also much improved by the snub resistor RS = 100 Ω, compared to that of Figure 46. 08054-034 • MAGNITUDE (dB) • Reducing the output resistive load. This pushes the pole further away and, hence, improves the phase margin. Increase the phase margin with higher noise gains. As the closed-loop gain is increased, the larger phase margin allows for large capacitor loads with less peaking. Adding a parallel capacitor, CF with RF, from −IN to the output. This adds a zero in the closed-loop frequency response, which tends to cancel out the pole formed by the capacitive load and output impedance of the amplifier. Refer to the Effect of RF on 0.1 dB Gain Flatness section for more details. Putting a small value resistor, RS, in series with the output to isolate the load capacitor from the output stage of the amplifier. OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV) • 08054-033 A highly capacitive load reacts with the output impedance of the amplifiers, causing a loss of phase margin and subsequent peaking or even oscillation, as is shown in Figure 45 and Figure 46. Four methods that minimize the output capacitive loading effect include: Figure 47 shows the effect of using a snub resistor (RS) on reducing the peaking in the worst-case frequency response (gain of +1). Using RS = 100 Ω reduces the peaking by 3 dB, with the tradeoff that the closed-loop gain is reduced by 0.9 dB due to attenuation at the output. RS can be adjusted from 0 Ω to 100 Ω to maintain an acceptable level of peaking and closed-loop gain, as shown in Figure 48. MAGNITUDE (dB) DRIVING CAPACITIVE LOADS ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 TERMINATING UNUSED AMPLIFIERS Terminating unused amplifiers in a multiamplifier package is an important step to ensuring proper operation of the functional amplifier. Unterminated amplifiers can oscillate and draw excessive power if left unattended. The recommended procedure for terminating unused amplifiers is to connect any unused amplifiers in a unity-gain configuration and connect the noninverting input to midsupply voltage. With symmetrical bipolar power supplies, this means connecting the noninverting input to ground, as shown in Figure 49. In single power supply applications, a synthetic midsupply source must be created. This can be accomplished with a simple resistive voltage divider. Figure 50 shows the proper connection for terminating an unused amplifier in a single-supply configuration. An example of a 15 MHz, 3-pole Sallen-Key, low-pass, video reconstruction filter is shown in Figure 51. This circuit features a gain of 2, has a 0.1 dB bandwidth of 7.3 MHz, and over 17 dB attenuation at 29.7 MHz (see Figure 52). The filter has three poles; two are active with a third passive pole (R6 and C4) placed at the output. C3 improves the filter roll-off. R6, R7, and R8 comprise the video load of 150 Ω. Components R6, C4, R7, R8, and the input termination of the network analyzer form a 6 dB attenuator; therefore, the reference level is roughly 0 dB, as shown in Figure 52. C2 51pF R2 R3 47Ω 125Ω VIN +5V R1 08054-064 R8 75Ω C3 15pF 08054-062 R5 1kΩ Figure 51. 13 MHz Video Reconstruction Filter Schematic 0 Figure 49. Terminating Unused Amplifier with Symmetrical Bipolar Power Supplies –3 –6 +VS MAGNITUDE (dB) –9 2.5kΩ ADA4891-2 08054-065 2.5kΩ C4 1nF R4 1kΩ ADA4891-2 R7 68.1Ω VOUT +VS –VS R6 6.8Ω C1 51pF –12 –15 –18 –21 –24 –27 –30 Figure 50. Terminating Unused Amplifier with Single Power Supply –33 VIDEO RECONSTRUCTION FILTER For active filters, a good rule of thumb is that the amplifiers −3 dB bandwidth be at least 10 times higher than the corner frequency of the filter. This ensures that no initial roll-off is introduced by the amplifier and that the pass band is flat until the cutoff frequency. Rev. A | Page 15 of 20 –39 0.03 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 52. Video Reconstruction Filter Frequency Performance 08054-059 –36 A common application for active filters is at the output of video digital-to-analog converters (DACs)/encoders. The filter, or more appropriately, the video reconstruction filter, is used at the output of a video DAC/encoder to eliminate the multiple images that are created during the sampling process within the DAC. For portable video applications, the ADA4891 is an ideal choice due to its lower power requirements and high performance. ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 LAYOUT, GROUNDING, AND BYPASSING POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING INPUT-TO-OUTPUT COUPLING Power supply pins are additional op amp inputs, and care must be taken so that a noise-free stable dc voltage is applied. The purpose of bypass capacitors is to create a low impedance path from the supply to ground over a range of frequencies, thereby shunting or filtering the majority of the noise to ground. Bypassing is also critical for stability, frequency response, distortion, and PSRR performance. To minimize capacitive coupling between the inputs and output and to avoid any positive feedback, the input and output signal traces should not be parallel. In addition, the input traces should not be close to each other. A minimum of 7 mils between the two inputs is recommended. Chip capacitors of 0.1 μF (X7R or NPO) are critical and should be as close as possible to the amplifier package. The 0508 case size for such a capacitor is recommended because it offers low series inductance and excellent high frequency performance. Larger chip capacitors, such as 0.1 μF capacitors, can be shared among a few closely spaced active components in the same signal path. A 10 μF tantalum capacitor is less critical for high frequency bypassing, but does provide additional bypassing for lower frequencies. GROUNDING When possible, ground and power planes should be used. Ground and power planes reduce the resistance and inductance of the power supply feeds and ground returns. If multiple planes are used, they should be stitched together with multiple vias. The returns for the input, output terminations, bypass capacitors, and RG should all be kept as close to the ADA4891 as possible. Ground vias should be placed at the very end of the component mounting pads to provide a solid ground return. The output load ground and the bypass capacitor grounds should be returned to a common point on the ground plane to minimize parasitic inductance that can help improve distortion performance. INPUT AND OUTPUT CAPACITANCE Parasitic capacitance can cause peaking and instability and, therefore, should be minimized to ensure stable operation. LEAKAGE CURRENTS In extremely low input bias current amplifier applications, stray leakage current paths must be kept to a minimum. Any voltage differential between the amplifier inputs and nearby traces sets up a leakage path through the PCB. Consider a 1 V signal and 100 GΩ to ground present at the input of the amplifier. The resultant leakage current is 10 pA; this is 5× the typical input bias current of the amplifier. Poor PCB layout, contamination, and the board material can create large leakage currents. Common contaminants on boards are skin oils, moisture, solder flux, and cleaning agents. Therefore, it is imperative that the board be thoroughly cleaned and the board surface be free of contaminants to take full advantage of the low input bias currents of the ADA4891. To significantly reduce leakage paths, a guard-ring/shield should be used around the inputs. The guard-ring circles the input pins and is driven to the same potential as the input signal, thereby reducing the potential difference between pins. For the guard ring to be completely effective, it must be driven by a relatively low impedance source and should completely surround the input leads on all sides, above, and below, using a multilayer board (see Figure 53). The SOT-23-5 package presents a challenge in keeping the leakage paths to a minimum. The pin spacing is very tight, so extra care must be used when constructing the guard ring (see Figure 54 for recommended guard-ring construction). GUARD RING In addition, all ground and power planes under the pins of the ADA4891 should be cleared of copper to prevent parasitic capacitance between the input and output pins to ground. This is because a single mounting pad on a SOIC footprint can add as much as 0.2 pF of capacitance to ground if the ground or power plane is not cleared under the ADA4891 pins. In fact, the ground and power planes should be kept at a distance of at least 0.05 mm from the input pins on all layers of the board. Rev. A | Page 16 of 20 08054-067 GUARD RING NONINVERTING INVERTING Figure 53. Guard-Ring Configurations VOUT +V VOUT ADA4891 ADA4891 +V –V –V +IN –IN INVERTING +IN –IN NONINVERTING Figure 54. Guard-Ring Layout SOT-23-5 08054-068 High speed amplifiers are sensitive to parasitic capacitance between the inputs and ground. A few picofarads of capacitance reduces the input impedance at high frequencies, in turn increasing the gain of the amplifier and causing peaking of the frequency response or even oscillations, if severe enough. It is recommended that the external passive components, which are connected to the input pins, be placed as close as possible to the inputs to avoid parasitic capacitance. ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 5.00 (0.1968) 4.80 (0.1890) 5 1 6.20 (0.2441) 5.80 (0.2284) 4 1.27 (0.0500) BSC 0.25 (0.0098) 0.10 (0.0040) 1.75 (0.0688) 1.35 (0.0532) 0.51 (0.0201) 0.31 (0.0122) COPLANARITY 0.10 SEATING PLANE 0.50 (0.0196) 0.25 (0.0099) 45° 8° 0° 0.25 (0.0098) 0.17 (0.0067) 1.27 (0.0500) 0.40 (0.0157) COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012-AA CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN. 012407-A 8 4.00 (0.1574) 3.80 (0.1497) Figure 55. 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N] Narrow Body (R-8) Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches) 3.00 2.90 2.80 1.70 1.60 1.50 5 1 4 2 3.00 2.80 2.60 3 0.95 BSC 1.90 BSC 1.45 MAX 0.95 MIN 0.15 MAX 0.05 MIN 0.50 MAX 0.35 MIN 0.20 MAX 0.08 MIN SEATING PLANE 10° 5° 0° 0.20 BSC COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-178-AA Figure 56. 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package [SOT-23] (RJ-5) Dimensions shown in millimeters Rev. A | Page 17 of 20 0.55 0.45 0.35 121608-A 1.30 1.15 0.90 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 3.20 3.00 2.80 8 3.20 3.00 2.80 1 5.15 4.90 4.65 5 4 PIN 1 IDENTIFIER 0.65 BSC 0.95 0.85 0.75 15° MAX 1.10 MAX 0.40 0.25 6° 0° 0.80 0.55 0.40 0.23 0.09 100709-B 0.15 0.05 COPLANARITY 0.10 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187-AA Figure 57. 8-Lead Mini Small Outline Package [MSOP] (RM-8) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model 1 ADA4891-1ARZ ADA4891-1ARZ-RL ADA4891-1ARZ-R7 ADA4891-1ARJZ-R7 ADA4891-1ARJZ-RL ADA4891-2ARZ ADA4891-2ARZ-RL ADA4891-2ARZ-R7 ADA4891-2ARMZ ADA4891-2ARMZ-RL ADA4891-2ARMZ-R7 1 Temperature Range −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C Package Description 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead SOIC_N, 13” Tape and Reel 8-Lead SOIC_N, 7” Tape and Reel 5-Lead SOT-23, 7” Tape and Reel 5-Lead SOT-23, 13” Tape and Reel 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead SOIC_N, 13” Tape and Reel 8-Lead SOIC_N, 7” Tape and Reel 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP, 13" Tape and Reel 8-Lead MSOP, 7" Tape and Reel Z = RoHS Compliant Part. Rev. A | Page 18 of 20 Package Option R-8 R-8 R-8 RJ-5 RJ-5 R-8 R-8 R-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 Branding H1W H1W H1U H1U H1U ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 NOTES Rev. A | Page 19 of 20 ADA4891-1/ADA4891-2 NOTES ©2010 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D08054-0-6/10(A) Rev. A | Page 20 of 20