a Ultralow Distortion High Speed Amplifier AD8007 FEATURES Extremely Low Distortion Second Harmonic –88 dB @ 5 MHz –83 dB @ 20 MHz Third Harmonic –101 dB @ 5 MHz –92 dB @ 20 MHz High Speed 650 MHz, –3 dB Bandwidth (G = +1) 1000 V/s Slew Rate Low Noise 2.7 nV/√Hz Input Voltage Noise 22.5 pA/√Hz Input Inverting Current Noise Low Power 9 mA Typ Supply Current Wide Supply Voltage Range 5 V to 12 V 0.5 mV Typical Input Offset Voltage Small Packaging SOIC-8 and SC70 Packages Available CONNECTION DIAGRAMS SOIC (R-8) SC70 (KS-5) AD8007 NC 1 (Top View) 8 NC –IN 2 7 +VS +IN 3 6 VOUT –VS 4 5 NC VOUT 1 AD8007 (Top View) 5 +VS 4 –IN –VS 2 +IN 3 NC = NO CONNECT APPLICATIONS Instrumentation IF and Baseband Amplifiers Filters A-to-D Drivers DAC Buffers The AD8007 is a high performance current feedback amplifier with ultralow distortion and noise. Unlike other high performance amplifiers, its low price and low quiescent current allow it to be used in a wide range of applications. ADI’s proprietary second generation eXtra-Fast Complementary Bipolar (XFCB) process enables such high performance amplifiers with low power consumption. The AD8007 has 650 MHz bandwidth, 2.7 nV/√Hz voltage noise, and –83 dB SFDR @ 20 MHz. With the wide supply voltage range (5 V to 12 V) and wide bandwidth, the AD8007 amplifier is designed to work in a variety of applications. The AD8007 amplifier has a low power supply current of 9 mA. The AD8007 is available in a tiny SC70 package as well as a standard 8-lead SOIC. The dual AD8008* will be available in August 2002 in both 8-lead SOIC and 8-lead µSOIC packages. *Under development These amplifiers are rated to work over the industrial temperature range of –40°C to +85°C. –30 G = +2 RL = 150 VS = 5V VOUT = 2V p-p –40 –50 DISTORTION – dBc GENERAL DESCRIPTION –60 –70 –80 2ND –90 3RD –100 –110 1 10 FREQUENCY – MHz 100 Figure 1. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency REV. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781/329-4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781/326-8703 © Analog Devices, Inc., 2002 AD8007–SPECIFICATIONS VS = ⴞ5 V (@ T = +25ⴗC, R = 200 ⍀, R = 150 ⍀, R = 499 ⍀, Gain = +2, unless otherwise noted.) A S Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE –3 dB Bandwidth Bandwidth for 0.1 dB Flatness Overdrive Recovery Time Slew Rate Settling Time to 0.1% Settling Time to 0.01% NOISE/HARMONIC PERFORMANCE Second Harmonic Third Harmonic IMD Third Order Intercept Input Voltage Noise Input Current Noise Differential Gain Error Differential Phase Error DC PERFORMANCE Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Drift Transimpedance INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Input Resistance Input Capacitance Input Common-Mode Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Saturation Voltage Short Circuit Current, Source Short Circuit Current, Sink Capacitive Load Drive L F Conditions Min Typ Max Unit G = +1, VO = 0.2 V p-p, RL = 1 kΩ G = +1, VO = 0.2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω G = +2, VO = 0.2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω G = +1, VO = 2 V p-p, RL = 1 kΩ VO = 0.2 V p-p, G = +2, RL = 150 Ω ± 2.5 V Input Step, G = +2, RL = 1 kΩ G = +1, VO = 2 V Step G = +2, VO = 2 V Step G = +2, VO = 2 V Step 540 250 180 200 50 650 500 230 235 90 30 1000 18 35 MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz ns V/µs ns ns fC = 5 MHz, VO = 2 V p-p fC = 20 MHz, VO = 2 V p-p fC = 5 MHz, VO = 2 V p-p fC = 20 MHz, VO = 2 V p-p fC = 19.5 MHz to 20.5 MHz, RL = 1 kΩ, VO = 2 V p-p fC = 5 MHz, RL = 1 kΩ fC = 20 MHz, RL = 1 kΩ f = 100 kHz –Input, f = 100 kHz +Input, f = 100 kHz NTSC, G = +2, RL = 150 Ω NTSC, G = +2, RL = 150 Ω –88 –83 –101 –92 dBc dBc dBc dBc –77 43.0 42.5 2.7 22.5 2 0.015 0.010 dBc dBm dBm nV/√Hz pA/√Hz pA/√Hz % Degree +Input –Input +Input –Input VO = ± 2.5 V, RL = 1 kΩ RL = 150 Ω 1.0 0.4 0.5 3 2 0.2 12 8 1.5 0.8 56 4 1 –3.9 to +3.9 59 MΩ pF V dB 1.05 130 90 8 1.2 V mA mA pF 12 10.2 V mA +Input +Input VCM = ± 2.5 V VCC – VOH, VOL – VEE, RL = 1 kΩ 30% Overshoot POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Quiescent Current per Amplifier Power Supply Rejection Ratio +PSRR –PSRR 5 9 59 59 –2– 64 66 4 8 6 mV µV/°C µA µA nA/°C nA/°C MΩ MΩ dB dB REV. 0 AD8007 VS = +5 V (@ T = +25ⴗC, R = 200 ⍀, R = 150 ⍀, R = 499 ⍀, Gain = +2, unless otherwise noted.) A S Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE –3 dB Bandwidth Bandwidth for 0.1 dB Flatness Overdrive Recovery time Slew Rate Settling Time to 0.1% Settling Time to 0.01% NOISE/HARMONIC PERFORMANCE Second Harmonic Third Harmonic IMD Third Order Intercept Input Voltage Noise Input Current Noise DC PERFORMANCE Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Drift Transimpedance INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Input Resistance Input Capacitance Input Common-Mode Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Saturation Voltage Short Circuit Current, Source Short Circuit Current, Sink Capacitive Load Drive L F Conditions Min Typ G = +1, VO = 0.2 V p-p, RL = 1 kΩ G = +1, VO = 0.2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω G = +2, VO = 0.2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω G = +1, VO = 1 V p-p, RL = 1 kΩ Vo = 0.2 Vp-p, G = +2, RL = 150 Ω 2.5 V Input Step, G = +2, RL = 1 kΩ G = +1, VO = 2 V Step G = +2, VO = 2 V Step G = +2, VO = 2 V Step 520 350 190 270 72 580 490 260 320 120 30 800 18 35 MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz ns V/µs ns ns –96 –83 –100 –85 –89 dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc 43.0 42.5 2.7 22.5 2 dBm dBm nV/√Hz pA/√Hz pA/√Hz fC = 5 MHz, VO = 1 V p-p fC = 20 MHz, VO = 1 V p-p fC = 5 MHz, VO = 1 V p-p fC = 20 MHz, VO = 1 V p-p fC = 19.5 MHz to 20.5 MHz, RL = 1 kΩ, VO = 1 V p-p fC = 5 MHz, RL = 1 kΩ fC = 20 MHz, RL = 1 kΩ f = 100 kHz –Input, f = 100 kHz +Input, f = 100 kHz +Input –Input +Input –Input VO = 1.5 V to 3.5 V, RL = 1 kΩ RL = 150 Ω 56 4 1 +1.1 to +3.9 59 MΩ pF V dB 1.05 70 50 8 1.15 V mA mA pF 12 9 V mA 30% Overshoot POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Quiescent Current per Amplifier Power Supply Rejection Ratio +PSRR –PSRR REV. 0 0.5 0.4 VCC – VOH, VOL – VEE, RL = 1 kΩ 5 8.1 59 59 –3– 62 64 4 Unit 0.5 2.6 2 0.5 12 7 1.3 0.6 +Input +Input VCM = 1.75 V to 3.25 V Max 8 6 mV µV/°C µA µA nA/°C nA/°C MΩ MΩ dB dB AD8007 If the RMS signal levels are indeterminate, then consider the worst case, when VOUT = VS/4 for RL to midsupply: ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 V Power Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Figure 2 Common-Mode Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± VS Differential Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 1.0 V Output Short Circuit Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Figure 2 Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +125°C Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to +85°C Lead Temperature Range (soldering 10 sec) . . . . . . . . . 300°C VS 4 PD = (VS × IS ) + RL In single-supply operation with RL referenced to VS worst case is: VOUT = *Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. The maximum safe power dissipation in the AD8007 package is limited by the associated rise in junction temperature (TJ) on the die. The plastic encapsulating the die will locally reach the junction temperature. At approximately 150°C, which is the glass transition temperature, the plastic will change its properties. Even temporarily exceeding this temperature limit may change the stresses that the package exerts on the die, permanently shifting the parametric performance of the AD8007. Exceeding a junction temperature of 175°C for an extended period of time can result in changes in the silicon devices, potentially causing failure. Figure 2 shows the maximum safe power dissipation in the package versus ambient temperature for the SO-8 (125°C/W) and SC70 (210°C/W) package on a JEDEC standard four-layer board. θ JA values are approximations. 2.0 MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION – W TJ = 150ⴗC The still-air thermal properties of the package and PCB (θJA), ambient temperature (TA), and the total power dissipated in the package (PD) determine the junction temperature of the die. The junction temperature can be calculated as follows: ( ) The power dissipated in the package (PD) is the sum of the quiescent power dissipation and the power dissipated in the package due to the load drive for all outputs. The quiescent power is the voltage between the supply pins (VS) times the quiescent current (IS). Assuming the load (RL ) is referenced to midsupply, then the total drive power is VS/2 ⫻ IOUT, some of which is dissipated in the package and some in the load (VOUT ⫻ IOUT). The difference between the total drive power and the load power is the drive power dissipated in the package. 1.5 SO-8 JA = 125ⴗC/W 1.0 SC70-5 0.5 JA = 210ⴗC/W 0 10 20 30 40 50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE – ⴗC 60 70 80 0 Figure 2. Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Temperature for a Four-Layer Board OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT PD = quiescent power + (total drive power – load power): V V V PD = (VS × IS ) + S × OUT − OUT RL RL 2 VS 2 Airflow will increase heat dissipation effectively reducing θJA. Also, more metal directly in contact with the package leads from metal traces, through holes, ground, and power planes will reduce the θJA. Care must be taken to minimize parasitic capacitances at the input leads of high speed op amp as discussed in the board layout section. MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION TJ = TA + PD × θ JA 2 Shorting the output to ground or drawing excessive current for the AD8007 will likely cause catastrophic failure. 2 RMS output voltages should be considered. If RL is referenced to VS, as in single-supply operation, then the total drive power is VS ⫻ IOUT. CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD80 07 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. –4– WARNING! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE REV. 0 AD8007 ORDERING GUIDE Model Temperature Range Package Description Package Outline Branding Information AD8007AR AD8007AR-RL AD8007AR-RL7 AD8007AKS-RL AD8007AKS-RL7 –40ºC to +85ºC –40ºC to +85ºC –40ºC to +85ºC –40ºC to +85ºC –40ºC to +85ºC 8-Lead SOIC 8-Lead SOIC 8-Lead SOIC 5-Lead SC70 5-Lead SC70 SO-8 SO-8 SO-8 KS-5 KS-5 HTA HTA REV. 0 –5– AD8007–Typical Performance Characteristics (VS = ⴞ5 V, RL = 150 ⍀, RS = 200 ⍀, RF = 499 ⍀, unless otherwise noted.) 3 6.4 2 6.3 G = +1 6.2 0 6.1 G = +2 –1 GAIN – dB NORMALIZED GAIN – dB 1 G = +2 –2 –3 –4 6.0 VS = +5V 5.9 5.8 VS = ⴞ5V 5.7 G = +10 –5 5.6 G = –1 –6 –7 5.5 1 10 100 FREQUENCY – MHz 5.4 10 1000 3 9 G = +1 G = +2 2 8 1 7 RL = 1k⍀, VS = ⴞ5V RL = 1k⍀, VS = +5V 6 –1 GAIN – dB GAIN – dB 0 RL = 150⍀, VS = ⴞ5V –2 –3 –4 RL = 150⍀, VS = +5V 3 100 FREQUENCY – MHz RL = 1k⍀, VS = ⴞ5V –1 10 1000 TPC 2. Small Signal Frequency Response for VS and RLOAD 100 FREQUENCY – MHz 1000 TPC 5. Small Signal Frequency Response for VS and RLOAD 9 3 G = +2 G = +1 RL = 1k⍀ RF = RG = 324⍀ 8 1 7 RS = 200⍀ –1 5 GAIN – dB 0 6 –2 RS = 301⍀ RS = 249⍀ 3 RF = RG = 499⍀ 2 1 –6 0 100 FREQUENCY – MHz RF = RG = 249⍀ 4 –5 –7 10 RL = 150⍀, VS = ⴞ5V 0 –7 10 –4 RL = 150⍀ VS = +5V 4 1 –6 GAIN – dB 5 2 –5 –3 1000 TPC 4. 0.1 dB Gain Flatness; VS = +5, ± 5 V TPC 1. Small Signal Frequency Response for Various Gains 2 100 FREQUENCY – MHz –1 10 1000 TPC 3. Small Signal Frequency Response for Various R S Values RF = RG = 649⍀ 100 FREQUENCY – MHz 1000 TPC 6. Small Signal Frequency Response for Various Feedback Resistors, R F = RG –6– REV. 0 AD8007 10M 20pF 20pF AND 20⍀ SNUB 8 20pF AND 10⍀ SNUB GAIN – dB 6 5 499⍀ 4 499⍀ 3 RSNUB 0pF 200⍀ 49.9⍀ 1 0 1 10 100 FREQUENCY – MHz PHASE 10k –90 1k –150 –180 100 –210 10 –270 1 10k 1000 TPC 7. Small Signal Frequency Response for Capacitive Load and Snub Resistor 3 –1 5 GAIN – dB 0 6 VS = +5V, –40ⴗC VS = ⴞ5V, –40ⴗC VS = ⴞ5V, +85ⴗC VS = +5V, –40ⴗC VS = ⴞ5V, –40ⴗC 3 –4 2 1 –6 0 –1 10 1000 100 FREQUENCY – MHz 1000 TPC 11. Small Signal Frequency Response Over Temperature, VS = +5 V, ± 5 V TPC 8. Small Signal Frequency Response Over Temperature, VS = +5 V, ± 5 V 9 3 G = +2 VOUT = 2V p-p 8 2 G = +1 G = +2 1 7 6 0 GAIN – dB –1 G = +10 –2 G = –1 –3 5 4 3 –4 2 –5 1 –6 0 –7 VS = +5V, +85ⴗC 4 –5 100 FREQUENCY – MHz –330 1G 2G G = +2 7 –7 10 100M 8 1 –3 10M 1M FREQUENCY – Hz 9 VS = ⴞ5V, +85ⴗC –2 100k TPC 10. Transimpedance and Phase vs. Frequency VS = +5V, +85ⴗC G = +1 2 GAIN – dB 0 –30 CLOAD 2 NORMALIZED GAIN – dB 30 TRANSIMPEDANCE 100k 7 1 10 100 FREQUENCY – MHz RL = 150⍀, VS = ⴞ5V, VO = 2V p-p –1 10 1000 TPC 9. Large Signal Frequency Response for Various Gains REV. 0 90 1M TRANSIMPEDANCE – ⍀ G = +2 9 PHASE – Degrees 10 RL = 1k⍀, VS = ⴞ5V, VO = 2V p-p RL = 150⍀, VS = +5V, VO = 1V p-p RL = 1k⍀, VS = +5V, VO = 1V p-p 100 FREQUENCY – MHz 1000 TPC 12. Large Signal Frequency Response for VS and R LOAD –7– AD8007 (VS = ⴞ5 V, RL = 150 ⍀, RS = 200 ⍀, RF = 499 ⍀, unless otherwise noted.) –40 –40 G = ⴙ1 VS = 5V VO = 1V p-p –50 HD2, RL = 150⍀ HD3, RL = 150⍀ DISTORTION – dBc DISTORTION – dBc HD2, RL = 1k⍀ –70 HD3, RL = 1k⍀ –80 –70 –90 –100 –100 –110 1 –40 1 100 10 FREQUENCY – MHz 100 10 FREQUENCY – MHz TPC 16. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency and R L –40 G = ⴙ1 VS = ⴞ5V VO = 2V p-p –50 G = ⴙ2 VS = ⴞ5V VO = 2V p-p –50 –60 –60 DISTORTION – dBc DISTORTION – dBc HD3, RL = 150⍀ HD3, RL = 1k⍀ TPC 13. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency and R L HD2, RL = 150⍀ –70 HD2, RL = 1k⍀ –80 HD3, RL = 150⍀ HD2, RL = 1k⍀ –70 HD2, RL = 150⍀ –80 –90 –90 HD3, RL = 1k⍀ –100 1 –110 100 10 FREQUENCY – MHz –30 100 HD3, VO = 4V p-p –50 HD3, G = ⴙ10 –70 –80 HD3, G = ⴙ1 HD2, VO = 4V p-p –60 –70 HD2, VO = 2V p-p –80 –90 –90 HD2, G = ⴙ1 –100 10 FREQUENCY – MHz G = +2 VS = 5V RL = 150⍀ –40 DISTORTION – dBc –60 1 –30 HD2, G = ⴙ10 –50 HD3, RL = 1k⍀ TPC 17. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency and R L VS = ⴞ5V VO = 2V p-p RL = 150⍀ –40 HD3, RL = 150⍀ –100 TPC 14. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency and R L DISTORTION – dBc HD2, RL = 150⍀ –80 –90 –110 HD2, RL = 1k⍀ –60 –60 –110 G = ⴙ2 VS = 5V VO = 1V p-p –50 HD3, VO = 2V p-p –100 –110 –110 1 10 FREQUENCY – MHz 1 100 TPC 15. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency and Gain 10 FREQUENCY – MHz 100 TPC 18. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency and V OUT –8– REV. 0 AD8007 –40 –65 G = ⴙ2 VS = 5V FO = 20MHz –50 HD2, RL = 150⍀ DISTORTION – dBc DISTORTION – dBc –60 HD3, RL = 1k⍀ –75 HD3, RL = 150⍀ HD3, RL = 1k⍀ HD2, RL = 1k⍀ –70 –80 –85 HD2, RL = 1k⍀ –90 HD3, RL = 150⍀ –95 –100 –80 HD2, RL = 150⍀ –90 G = ⴙ2 VS = ⴞ5V FO = 20MHz –70 –105 –110 1 2.5 2 1.5 1 TPC 19. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. VOUT and RL 6 TPC 22. Second and Third Harmonic Distortion vs. VOUT and RL 1000 44 G = ⴙ2 G = +2 VS = ⴞ5V VO = 2V p-p RL = 1k⍀ 42 100 OUTPUT IMPEDANCE – ⍀ 43 THIRD ORDER INTERCEPT – dBm 5 3 4 VOUT – V p-p 2 VOUT – V p-p 41 40 39 38 37 10 1 0.1 36 35 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 FREQUENCY – MHz 55 60 65 0.01 100k 70 TPC 20. Third Order Intercept vs. Frequency CURRENT NOISE – pA/ Hz VOLTAGE NOISE – nV/ Hz 100M 1G 1000 10 2.7nV/ Hz 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY – Hz 100k 100 INVERTING CURRENT NOISE 22.5pA/ Hz 10 1 10 1M TPC 21. Input Voltage Noise vs. Frequency REV. 0 10M FREQUENCY – Hz TPC 23. Output Impedance vs. Frequency 100 1 10 1M NONINVERTING CURRENT NOISE 2.0pA/ Hz 100 1k 100k 10k FREQUENCY – Hz 1M 10M TPC 24. Input Current Noise vs. Frequency –9– AD8007 (VS = ±5 V, RL = 150 ⍀, RS = 200 ⍀, RF = 499 ⍀, unless otherwise noted.) 0 20 VS = ⴞ5V, ⴙ5V 10 –10 0 –10 PSRR – dB CMRR – dB –20 –30 –40 –20 –30 +PSRR –40 –50 –50 –60 –60 –PSRR –70 –70 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY – Hz 100M –80 10k 1G TPC 25. CMRR vs. Frequency G = ⴙ1 RL = 150⍀, VS = ⴙ5V AND ⴞ5V RL = 1k⍀, VS = +5V AND 5V 50mV/DIV 20 30 TIME – ns 40 50 0 TPC 26. Small Signal Transient Response for RL = 150 Ω, 1 kΩ and VS = +5 V, ± 5 V G = +1 1G G = +2 RL = 150⍀, VS = +5V AND 5V 50mV/DIV 10 100M TPC 28. PSRR vs. Frequency RL = 1k⍀, VS = ⴙ5V AND ⴞ5V 0 10M 1M FREQUENCY – Hz 100k 10 20 30 TIME – ns 40 50 TPC 29. Small Signal Transient Response for RL = 150 Ω, 1 kΩ and VS = +5 V, ± 5 V G = –1 RL = 150⍀ INPUT RL = 1k⍀ OUTPUT 1V/DIV 1V/DIV 0 10 20 30 TIME – ns 40 0 50 TPC 27. Large Signal Transient Response for RL = 150 Ω, 1 kΩ 10 20 30 TIME – ns 40 50 TPC 30. Large Signal Transient Response, G = –1, RL = 150 Ω –10– REV. 0 AD8007 G = ⴙ2 CLOAD = 0pF CL = 0pF G = ⴙ2 CL = 20pF CLOAD = 10pF CL = 20pF RSNUB = 10⍀ CLOAD = 20pF 499⍀ 499⍀ 200⍀ RSNUB – + CLOAD 49.9⍀ 1V/DIV 0 10 50mV/DIV 20 30 TIME – ns 40 50 0 TPC 31. Large Signal Transient Response for Capacitive Load = 0 pF, 10 pF, and 20 pF 10 20 30 TIME – ns 40 50 TPC 34. Small Signal Transient Response: Effect of Series Snub Resistor When Driving Capacitive Load 4 G = ⴙ2 G = +10 VS = 5V VIN = 0.75V 3 ⴙVS RL = 1k⍀ 2 RL = 150⍀ VOUT – V 1 –1 OUTPUT (2V/DIV) INPUT (1V/DIV) ⴚVS 0 –2 –3 0 100 200 300 TIME – ns 400 500 –4 0 200 400 600 800 1000 RL – ⍀ TPC 32. Output Overdrive Recovery, RL = 1 kΩ, 150 Ω, VIN = ± 2.5 V TPC 35. VOUT Swing vs. RLOAD, VS = ± 5 V, G = +10, VIN = ± 0.75 V 0.5 G = +2 0.4 SETTLING TIME – % 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 ⴚ0.1 18ns ⴚ0.2 ⴚ0.3 ⴚ0.4 ⴚ0.5 0 5 10 15 20 25 TIME – ns 30 35 40 45 TPC 33. 0.1% Settling Time, 2 V Step REV. 0 –11– AD8007 THEORY OF OPERATION The AD8007 (single) and AD8008 (dual)* are current feedback amplifiers optimized for low distortion performance. A simplified conceptual diagram of the AD8007 is shown in Figure 3. It closely resembles a classic current feedback amplifier comprising a complementary emitter-follower input stage, a pair of signal mirrors, and a diamond output stage. However, in the case of the AD8007/ AD8008, several modifications have been made to greatly improve the distortion performance over that of a classic current feedback topology. USING THE AD8007 Supply Decoupling for Low Distortion Decoupling for low distortion performance requires careful consideration. The commonly adopted practice of returning the high frequency supply decoupling capacitors to physically separate (and possibly distant) grounds can lead to degraded even-order harmonic performance. This situation is shown in Figure 4. Note that for a sinusoidal input, each decoupling capacitor returns to its ground a quasi-rectified current carrying high even-order harmonics. RF 499⍀ +VS M1 GND 1 – I3 I1 – 10F + 0.1F CJ1 D1 IDI IN+ RG 499⍀ Q5 +VS Q1 +VS Q3 IDO HiZ IN– OUT IN RS 200⍀ AD8007 OUT D2 Q2 Q4 –VS CJ2 –VS I2 – GND 2 – I4 M2 10F + 0.1F Q6 Figure 4. High Frequency Capacitors Returned to Physically Separate Grounds (Not Recommended) –VS RF RG Figure 3. Simplified Schematic of AD8007 The signal mirrors have been replaced with low distortion, high precision mirrors. They are shown as “M1” and “M2” in Figure 3. Their primary function from a distortion standpoint is to greatly reduce the effect of highly nonlinear distortion caused by capacitances CJ1 and CJ2. These capacitors represent the collector-to-base capacitances of the mirrors’ output devices. The decoupling scheme shown in Figure 5 is preferable. Here, the two high frequency decoupling capacitors are first tied together at a common node, and then are returned to the ground plane through a single connection. By first adding the two currents flowing through each high frequency decoupling capacitor, one is ensuring that the current returned into the ground plane is only at the fundamental frequency. RF 499⍀ A voltage imbalance arises across the output stage, as measured from the high impedance node “HiZ” to the output node “Out.” This imbalance is a result of delivering high output currents and is the primary cause of output distortion. Circuitry is included to sense this output voltage imbalance and generate a compensating current “IDO.” When injected into the circuit, IDO reduces the distortion that would be generated at the output stage. Similarly, the nonlinear voltage imbalance across the input stage (measured from the noninverting to the inverting input) is sensed, and a current “IDI” is injected to compensate for input-generated distortion. 0.1F RG 499⍀ IN 10F + +VS 0.1F RS 200⍀ AD8007 OUT 0.1F –VS 0.1F The design and layout are strictly top-to-bottom symmetric in order to minimize the presence of even-order harmonics. + Figure 5. High Frequency Capacitors Returned to Ground at a Single Point (Recommended) Whenever physical layout considerations prevent the decoupling scheme shown in Figure 5, the user can connect one of the high frequency decoupling capacitors directly across the supplies and connect the other high frequency decoupling capacitor to ground. This is shown in Figure 6. *Under development –12– REV. 0 AD8007 RF 499⍀ Output Capacitance To a lesser extent, parasitic capacitances on the output can cause peaking of the frequency response. There are two methods to effectively minimize its effect: 10F + +VS 1. Put a small value resistor in series with the output to isolate the load capacitance from the amplifier’s output stage. (See TPC 7.) C1 0.1F RG 499⍀ IN RS 200⍀ AD8007 2. Increase the phase margin by (a) increasing the amplifier’s gain, or (b) adding a pole by placing a capacitor in parallel with the feedback resistor. OUT C2 0.1F –VS 10F Input-to-Output Coupling To minimize capacitive coupling, the input and output signal traces should not be parallel. This helps reduce unwanted positive feedback. + Figure 6. High Frequency Capacitors Connected Across the Supplies (Recommended) External Components and Stability The AD8007 is a current feedback amplifier and to a first order the feedback resistor determines the bandwidth and stability. The gain, load impedance, supply voltage, and input impedances also have an effect. Layout Considerations The standard noninverting configuration with recommended power supply bypassing is shown in Figure 6. This is also the bypassing scheme used on the evaluation board shown in Figure 7. The 0.1 µF high frequency decoupling capacitors should be X7R or NPO chip components. Connect C2 from the +VS pin to the –VS pin. Connect C1 from the +VS pin to signal ground. The length of the high frequency bypass capacitor leads is critical. Parasitic inductance due to long leads will work against the low impedance created by the bypass capacitor. The ground for the load impedance should be at the same physical location as the bypass capacitor grounds. For the larger value capacitors, which are intended to be effective at lower frequencies, the current return path distance is less critical. LAYOUT AND GROUNDING CONSIDERATIONS Grounding A ground plane layer is important in densely packed PC boards to minimize parasitic inductances. However, an understanding of where the current flows in a circuit is critical to implementing effective high speed circuit design. The length of the current path is directly proportional to the magnitude of parasitic inductances and thus the high frequency impedance of the path. High speed currents in an inductive ground return will create an unwanted voltage, noise. Broad ground plane areas will reduce the parasitic inductance. Input Capacitance Along with bypassing and ground, high speed amplifiers can be sensitive to parasitic capacitance between the inputs and ground. Even 1 pF or 2 pF of capacitance will reduce the input impedance at high frequencies, in turn increasing the amplifier’s gain, causing peaking of the frequency response or even oscillations, if severe enough. It is recommended that the external passive components that are connected to the input pins be placed as close as possible to the inputs to avoid parasitic capacitance. The ground and power planes must be kept at a distance of at least 0.05 mm from the input pins on all layers of the board. REV. 0 TPC 6 shows the effect of changing RF on bandwidth and peaking for a gain of +2. Increasing RF will reduce peaking but also reduce the bandwidth. TPC 1 shows that for a given RF, increasing the gain will also reduce peaking and bandwidth. Table I shows the recommended RF and RG values that optimize bandwidth with minimal peaking. Table I. Recommended Component Values Gain RF RG RS –1 +1 +2 +5 +10 499Ω 499Ω 499Ω 499Ω 499Ω 499Ω NA 499Ω 124Ω 54.9Ω 200 200 200 200 200 The load resistor will also affect bandwidth as shown in TPCs 2 and 5. A comparison between TPCs 2 and 5 also demonstrates the effect of gain and supply voltage. When driving loads with a capacitive component, stability is improved by using a series snub resistor “RSNUB” at the output. The frequency and pulse responses for various capacitive loads are illustrated in TPCs 7 and 34, respectively. For noninverting configurations, a resistor in series with the input, RS, is needed to optimize stability for Gain = +1, as illustrated in TPC 3. For larger noninverting gains, the effect of a series resistor is reduced. –13– AD8007 EVALUATION BOARD RF An SC70 Evaluation Board is available for the AD8007. Its schematic is shown in Figure 7. To use the board in an inverting configuration, RGN is used and RGP is left open. The position of RS can be shifted so that it connects Pin 3 to ground. When used as a noninverter, RGP is populated and RGN is left open. In both configurations, RT allows for a 50 Ω termination resistor. A universal (inverting or noninverting) AD8007 SO board is also available. +VS C4 10F + C1 0.1F RGN INPUT RGP 4 AGND 5 SMA AD8007 RT AGND RS 3 1 RBT OUTPUT SMA C2 2 0.1F AGND C3 10F + –VS Figure 7. Schematic of AD8007 Evaluation Board for the SC70 Package –14– REV. 0 AD8007 Figure 8. SC70 Evaluation Board Silkscreen (Top) Figure 10. SC70 Evaluation Board, Amplifier Side (Top) Figure 9. SC70 Evaluation Board Silkscreen (Bottom) Figure 11. SC70 Evaluation Board, Component Side (Bottom) REV. 0 –15– AD8007 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC) Narrow Body (R-8) C02866–0–5/02(0) Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches) 5.00 (0.1968) 4.80 (0.1890) 4.00 (0.1574) 3.80 (0.1497) 8 5 1 4 6.20 (0.2440) 5.80 (0.2284) PIN 1 0.50 (0.0196) ⴛ 45ⴗ 0.25 (0.0099) 1.27 (0.0500) BSC 1.75 (0.0688) 1.35 (0.0532) COPLANARITY 0.25 (0.0098) 0.10 (0.0040) 0.51 (0.0201) SEATING 0.33 (0.0130) PLANE 8ⴗ 0.25 (0.0098) 0ⴗ 1.27 (0.0500) 0.40 (0.0157) 0.19 (0.0075) CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012 AA 5-Lead SC70 Package (KS-5) Dimensions shown in inches and (millimeters) 0.087 (2.20) 0.071 (1.80) 0.053 (1.35) 0.045 (1.15) 4 5 1 2 3 0.094 (2.40) 0.071 (1.80) PIN 1 0.016 (0.40) 0.004 (0.10) 0.026 (0.65) BSC 0.004 (0.10) 0.000 (0.00) 0.043 (1.10) 0.031 (0.80) 0.012 (0.30) SEATING 0.006 (0.15) PLANE 0.007 (0.18) 0.004 (0.10) 0.012 (0.30) 0.004 (0.10) PRINTED IN U.S.A. 0.039 (1.00) 0.031 (0.80) –16– REV. 0