Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA The MPC9352 is a 3.3V or 2.5V compatible, 1:11 PLL based clock generator targeted for high performance clock tree applications. With output frequencies up to 200 MHz and output skews lower than 200 ps the device meets the needs of most demanding clock applications. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Features • Configurable 11 outputs LVCMOS PLL clock generator • Fully integrated PLL • Wide range of output clock frequency of 16.67 MHz to 200 MHz • Multiplication of the input reference clock frequency by 3, 2, 1, 3B2, • • • • Order Number: MPC9352/D Rev 3, 06/2003 LOW VOLTAGE 3.3V/2.5V LVCMOS 1:11 CLOCK GENERATOR 2B3, 1B3 and 1B2 2.5V and 3.3V LVCMOS compatible Maximum output skew of 200 ps Supports zero–delay applications Designed for high–performance telecom, networking and computing applications • 32 lead LQFP package • Ambient Temperature Range –40°C to +85°C FA SUFFIX Functional Description 32 LEAD LQFP PACKAGE The MPC9352 is a fully 3.3V or 2.5V compatible PLL clock generator CASE 873A and clock driver. The device has the capability to generate output clock signals of 16.67 to 200 MHz from external clock sources. The internal PLL optimized for its frequency range and does not require external look filter components. One output of the MPC9352 has to be connected to the PLL feedback input FB_IN to close the external PLL feedback path. The output divider of this output setting determines the PLL frequency multiplication factor. This multiplication factor, F_RANGE and the reference clock frequency must be selected to situate the VCO in its specified lock range. The frequency of the clock outputs can be configured individually for all three output banks by the FSELx pins supporting systems with different but phase-aligned clock frequencies. The PLL of the MPC9352 minimizes the propagation delay and therefore supports zero-delay applications. All inputs and outputs are LVCMOS compatible. The outputs are optimized to drive parallel terminated 50Ω transmission lines. Alternatively, each output can drive up to two series terminated transmission lines giving the device an effective fanout of 22. The device also supports output high-impedance disable and a PLL bypass mode for static system test and diagnosis. The MPC9352 is package in a 32 ld LQFP. Motorola, Inc. 2003 For1 More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 1 ÷6 1 0 ÷4 0 $. PLL +(5 ÷2 1 0 ÷2 +(5 1 +(5 1 0 6+-- !(1* #$"!"&#" /+7$ + 7+-*$ &. 5W8 Figure 1. MPC9352 Logic Diagram MPC9352 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 0 !" #$%&''$()$) & *"$ +( $,$#(+- .!-$# .&# /$ +(+-&0 1&2$# "*11-3 1!( 4 -$+"$ "$$ +11-!%+!&( "$%!&( .&# )$+!-"4 Figure 2. MPC9352 32–Lead Package Pinout (Top View) MOTOROLA 2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMING SOLUTIONS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 Table 1: PIN CONFIGURATION Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Pin I/O Type Function CCLK Input LVCMOS PLL reference clock signal FB_IN Input LVCMOS PLL feedback signal input, connect to an output F_RANGE Input LVCMOS PLL frequency range select FSELA Input LVCMOS Frequency divider select for bank A outputs FSELB Input LVCMOS Frequency divider select for bank B outputs FSELC Input LVCMOS Frequency divider select for bank C outputs PLL_EN Input LVCMOS PLL enable/disable MR/OE Input LVCMOS Output enable/disable (high–impedance tristate) and device reset QA0–4, QB0–3, QC0–1 Output LVCMOS Clock outputs GND Supply Ground Negative power supply VCCA Supply VCC PLL positive power supply (analog power supply). It is recommended to use an external RC filter for the analog power supply pin VCCA. Please see applications section for details. VCC Supply VCC Positive power supply for I/O and core Table 2: FUNCTION TABLE Control Default 0 1 F_RANGE, FSELA, FSELB, and FSELC control the operating PLL frequency range and input/output frequency ratios. See Table 1 and Table 2 for supported frequency ranges and output to input frequency ratios. F_RANGE 0 VCO ÷ 1 (High input frequency range) VCO ÷ 2 (Low input frequency range) FSELA 0 Output divider ÷ 4 Output divider ÷ 6 FSELB 0 Output divider ÷ 4 Output divider ÷ 2 FSELC 0 Output divider ÷ 2 Output divider ÷ 4 MR/OE 0 Outputs enabled (active) Outputs disabled (high–impedance state) and reset of the device. During reset, the PLL feedback loop is open and the VCO is operating at its lowest frequency. The MPC9352 requires reset at power–up and after any loss of PLL lock. Loss of PLL lock may occur when the external feedback path is interrupted. The length of the reset pulse should be greater than two reference clock cycles (CCLK). PLL_EN 0 Normal operation mode with PLL enabled. Test mode with PLL disabled. CCLK is substituted for the internal VCO output. MPC9352 is fully static and no minimum frequency limit applies. All PLL related AC characteristics are not applicable. TIMING SOLUTIONS 3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 Table 3: GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Symbol Characteristics Min Typ Max Unit VCC B 2 VTT Output Termination Voltage MM ESD Protection (Machine Model) 200 HBM Condition V V ESD Protection (Human Body Model) 2000 V LU Latch–Up Immunity 200 mA CPD Power Dissipation Capacitance 10 pF Per output CIN Input Capacitance 4.0 pF Inputs Table 4: ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSa Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Symbol Characteristics Min Max Unit VCC Supply Voltage -0.3 3.6 V VIN DC Input Voltage -0.3 VCC+0.3 V DC Output Voltage -0.3 VCC+0.3 V ±20 mA ±50 mA 125 °C VOUT IIN IOUT TS DC Input Current DC Output Current Storage Temperature -65 Condition a. Absolute maximum continuous ratings are those maximum values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Exposure to these conditions or conditions beyond those indicated may adversely affect device reliability. Functional operation at absolute-maximum-rated conditions is not implied. Table 5: DC CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 3.3V ± 5%, TA = –40° to 85°C) Symbol Input high voltage VIL Input low voltage VOH Output High Voltage VOL Output Low Voltage ZOUT Output impedance IIN a b c Characteristics VIH Min Typ 2.0 Max Unit VCC + 0.3 V LVCMOS 0.8 V LVCMOS V IOH=-24 mAa 0.55 0.30 V V IOL= 24 mA IOL= 12 mA ±200 µA VIN=VCC or VIN=GND 5.0 mA VCCA Pin 1.0 mA All VCC Pins 2.4 W 14 - 17 Input Currentb ICCA Maximum PLL Supply Current 3.0 ICCQc Maximum Quiescent Supply Current Condition The MPC9352 is capable of driving 50Ω transmission lines on the incident edge. Each output drives one 50Ω parallel terminated transmission line to a termination voltage of VTT. Alternatively, the device drives up to two 50Ω series terminated transmission lines. Inputs have pull-down resistors affecting the input current. ICCQ is the DC current consumption of the device with all outputs open in high impedance state and the inputs in its default state or open. MOTOROLA 4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMING SOLUTIONS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 Table 6: AC CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 3.3V ± 5%, TA = –40° to 85°C)a Symbol fref Characteristics Input reference frequency in PLL modeb Min ÷4 feedback ÷6 feedback ÷8 feedback ÷12 feedback Typ Max Unit 100.0 66.6 50.0 33.3 MHz MHz MHz MHz 250.0 MHz 200 400 MHz 100 50 33.3 25 16.67 200 100 66.6 50 33.3 MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz 50.0 33.3 25.0 16.67 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Input reference frequency in PLL bypass modec fVCO VCO lock frequency fMAX Output Frequency frefDC Reference Input Duty Cycle tr, tf CCLK Input Rise/Fall Time t(∅) Propagation Delay CCLK to FB_IN (static phase offset) tsk(O) ÷2 outpute ÷4 output ÷6 output ÷8 output ÷12 output Output-to-output Skewf 25 fref > 40 MHz fref < 40 MHz -50 -200 all outputs, any frequency within QA output bank within QB output bank within QC output bank DC Output duty cycle 47 tr, tf Output Rise/Fall Time 0.1 tPLZ, HZ tPZL, LZ tJIT(CC) Cycle-to-cycle jitter tJIT(PER) tJIT(∅) BW tLOCK a b c d e f g h ranged 75 % 1.0 ns 0.8 to 2.0V +150 +150 ps ps PLL locked 200 200 100 100 ps ps ps ps 53 % 1.0 ns Output Disable Time 8 ns Output Enable Time 10 ns output frequencies mixed outputs are in any ÷4 and ÷6 combination all outputs same frequency 400 250 100 ps ps ps output frequencies mixed outputs are in any ÷4 and ÷6 combination all outputs same frequency 200 150 75 ps ps ps Period Jitter I/O Phase Jitter ÷4 feedback divider RMS (1 σ)g ÷6 feedback divider RMS (1 σ) ÷8 feedback divider RMS (1 σ) ÷12 feedback divider RMS (1 σ) PLL closed loop bandwidthh ÷4 feedback ÷6 feedback ÷8 feedback ÷12 feedback 50 15 20 18 - 20 25 ps ps ps ps 3.0 - 10.0 1.5 - 6.0 1.0 - 3.5 0.5 - 2.0 MHz MHz MHz MHz Maximum PLL Lock Time Condition 10 0.55 to 2.4V ms AC characteristics apply for parallel output termination of 50Ω to VTT. PLL mode requires PLL_EN=0 to enable the PLL and zero-delay operation. It is not recommended to use a ÷2 divider for feedback. In PLL bypass mode, the MPC9352 divides the input reference clock. The input frequency fref on CCLK must match the VCO frequency range divided by the feedback divider ratio FB: fref = fVCO ÷ FB. See Table 9 and Table 10 for output divider configurations. See application section for part-to-part skew calculation. See application section for a jitter calculation for other confidence factors than 1 s. -3 dB point of PLL transfer characteristics. TIMING SOLUTIONS 5 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 Table 7: DC CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 2.5V ± 5%, TA = –40° to 85°C) Symbol Max Unit VIH Input high voltage 1.7 VCC + 0.3 V LVCMOS VIL Input low voltage -0.3 0.7 V LVCMOS VOH Output High Voltage 1.8 V IOH=-15 mAa VOL Output Low Voltage V IOL= 15 mA ZOUT Output impedance IIN ICCA ICCQb a Min Typ 0.6 W 17 - 20 Input Current Maximum PLL Supply Current 2.0 Maximum Quiescent Supply Current Condition ±200 µA VIN=VCC or GND 5.0 mA VCCA Pin 1.0 mA All VCC Pins The MPC9352 is capable of driving 50Ω transmission lines on the incident edge. Each output drives one 50Ω parallel terminated transmission line to a termination voltage of VTT. Alternatively, the device drives up to two 50Ω series terminated transmission lines per output. ICCQ is the DC current consumption of the device with all outputs open in high impedance state and the inputs in its default state or open. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... b Characteristics MOTOROLA 6 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMING SOLUTIONS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 Table 8: AC CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 2.5V ± 5%, TA = –40° to 85°C)a Symbol fref Characteristics Input reference frequency in PLL modeb Min ÷4 feedback ÷6 feedback ÷8 feedback ÷12 feedback Typ Max Unit 100.0 66.6 50.0 33.3 MHz MHz MHz MHz 250.0 MHz 200 400 MHz 100 50 33.3 25 16.67 200 100 66.6 50 33.3 MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz 50.0 33.3 25.0 16.67 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Input reference frequency in PLL bypass modec fVCO VCO lock frequency fMAX Output Frequency frefDC Reference Input Duty Cycle tr, tf CCLK Input Rise/Fall Time t(∅) Propagation Delay CCLK to FB_IN (static phase offset) tsk(O) ÷2 outpute ÷4 output ÷6 output ÷8 output ÷12 output Output-to-output Skewf 25 fref > 40 MHz fref < 40 MHz -50 -200 all outputs, any frequency within QA output bank within QB output bank within QC output bank DC Output duty cycle 47 tr, tf Output Rise/Fall Time 0.1 tPLZ, HZ tPZL, ZH tJIT(CC) Cycle-to-cycle jitter tJIT(PER) tJIT(∅) BW tLOCK a b c d e f g h ranged 75 % 1.0 ns 0.8 to 2.0V +150 +150 ps ps PLL locked 200 200 100 100 ps ps ps ps 53 % 1.0 ns Output Disable Time 8 ns Output Enable Time 10 ns output frequencies mixed outputs are in any ÷4 and ÷6 combination all outputs same frequency 400 250 100 ps ps ps output frequencies mixed outputs are in any ÷4 and ÷6 combination all outputs same frequency 200 150 75 ps ps ps Period Jitter I/O Phase Jitter 50 ÷4 feedback divider RMS (1 σ)g ÷6 feedback divider RMS (1 σ) ÷8 feedback divider RMS (1 σ) ÷12 feedback divider RMS (1 σ) 15 20 18 - 20 25 ps ps ps ps ÷4 feedback ÷6 feedback ÷8 feedback ÷12 feedback 1.0 - 8.0 0.7 - 3.0 0.5 - 2.5 0.4 - 1.0 MHz MHz MHz MHz PLL closed loop bandwidthh Maximum PLL Lock Time Condition 10 0.6 to 1.8V ms AC characteristics apply for parallel output termination of 50Ω to VTT. PLL mode requires PLL_EN=0 to enable the PLL and zero-delay operation. It is not recommended to use a ÷2 divider for feedback. In PLL bypass mode, the MPC9352 divides the input reference clock. The input frequency fref on CCLK must match the VCO frequency range divided by the feedback divider ratio FB: fref = fVCO ÷ FB. See Table 9 and Table 10 for output divider configurations. See application section for part-to-part skew calculation. See application section for a jitter calculation for other confidence factors than 1 s. -3 dB point of PLL transfer characteristics. TIMING SOLUTIONS 7 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Programming the MPC9352 The MPC9352 supports output clock frequencies from 16.67 to 200 MHz. Different feedback and output divider configurations can be used to achieve the desired input to output frequency relationship. The feedback frequency and divider should be used to situate the VCO in the frequency lock range between 200 and 400 MHz for stable and optimal operation. The FSELA, FSELB, FSELC pins select the desired output clock frequencies. Possible frequency ratios of the reference clock input to the outputs are 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 3:2 as well as 2:3, 3:1 and 2:1. Table 1 illustrates the various output configurations and frequency ratios supported by the MPC9352. See also Table 9, Table 10 and Figure 3 to Figure 6 for further reference. A ÷2 output divider cannot be used for feedback. Table 9: MPC9352 Example Configuration (F_RANGE = 0) PLL Feedback Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... VCO ÷ 4b VCO ÷ 6c a. b. c. frefa [MHz] FSELA FSELB FSELC 50-100 0 0 0 fref (50-100 MHz) fref (50-100 MHz) fref ⋅ 2 (100-200 MHz) 0 0 1 fref (50-100 MHz) fref (50-100 MHz) fref 1 0 0 fref ⋅ 2÷3 (33-66 MHz) fref (50-100 MHz) fref ⋅ 2 (100-200 MHz) 1 0 1 fref ⋅ 2÷3 (33-66 MHz) fref (50-100 MHz) fref 1 0 0 fref (33-66 MHz) fref ⋅3÷2 (50-100 MHz) fref ⋅ 3 (100-200 MHz) 1 0 1 fref (33-66 MHz) fref ⋅3÷2 (50-100 MHz) fref ⋅3÷2 (50-100 MHz) 1 1 0 fref (33-66 MHz) fref ⋅ 3 (100-200 MHz) fref ⋅ 3 (100-200 MHz) 1 1 1 fref (33-66 MHz) fref ⋅ 3 (100-200 MHz) fref ⋅3÷2 (50-100 MHz) 33.3-66.67 QA[0:4]:fref ratio QB[0:3]:fref ratio QC[0:1]:fref ratio (50-100 MHz) (50-100 MHz) fref is the input clock reference frequency (CCLK) QAx connected to FB_IN and FSELA=0 QAx connected to FB_IN and FSELA=1 Table 10: MPC9352 Example Configurations (F_RANGE = 1) PLL Feedback VCO ÷ 8b VCO ÷ 12c a. b. c. frefa [MHz] FSELA FSELB FSELC 25-50 0 0 0 fref (25-50 MHz) fref (25-50 MHz) fref ⋅ 2 (50-100 MHz) 0 0 1 fref (25-50 MHz) fref (25-50 MHz) fref 1 0 0 fref ⋅2÷3 (16-33 MHz) fref (25-50 MHz) fref ⋅ 2 (50-100 MHz) 1 0 1 fref ⋅2÷3 (16-33 MHz) fref (25-50 MHz) fref 1 0 0 fref (16-33 MHz) fref ⋅3÷2 (25-50 MHz) fref ⋅ 3 (50-100 MHz) 1 0 1 fref (16-33 MHz) fref ⋅3÷2 (25-50 MHz) fref ⋅3÷2 (25-50 MHz) 1 1 0 fref (16-33 MHz) fref ⋅ 3 (50-100 MHz) fref ⋅ 3 (50-100 MHz) 1 1 1 fref (16-33 MHz) fref ⋅ 3 (50-100 MHz) fref ⋅3÷2 (25-50 MHz) 16.67-33.3 QA[0:4]:fref ratio QB[0:3]:fref ratio QC[0:1]:fref ratio (25-50 MHz) (25-50 MHz) fref is the input clock reference frequency (CCLK) QAx connected to FB_IN and FSELA=0 QAx connected to FB_IN and FSELA=1 MOTOROLA 8 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMING SOLUTIONS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 Example Configurations for the MPC9352 Figure 3. MPC9352 Default Configuration .#$. 9 :; :; :; :; Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MPC9352 Figure 4. MPC9352 Zero Delay Buffer Configuration .#$. 9 4 :; 4 :; 4 :; 4 :; MPC9352 :; 6$$)<+%58 4 :; 6$$)<+%58 MPC9352 default configuration (feedback of QB0 = 100 MHz). All control pins are left open. MPC9352 zero–delay (feedback of QB0 = 62.5 MHz). All control pins are left open except FSELC = 1. All outputs are locked in frequency and phase to the input clock. Frequency range Min Max Frequency range Min Max Input 50 MHz 100 MHz Input 50 MHz 100 MHz QA outputs 50 MHz 10 MHz QA outputs 50 MHz 10 MHz QB outputs 50 MHz 100 MHz QB outputs 50 MHz 100 MHz QC outputs 100 MHz 200 MHz QC outputs 50 MHz 100 MHz Figure 5. MPC9352 Default Configuration :; :; .#$. 9 4 :; MPC9352 Figure 6. MPC9352 Zero Delay Buffer Config. 2 4 :; 4 :; 4 :; .#$. 9 4 :; 4 :; MPC9352 4 :; 6$$)<+%58 4 :; 6$$)<+%58 MPC9352 configuration to multiply the reference frequency by 3, 3÷2 and 1. PLL feedback of QA4 = 33.3 MHz. MPC9352 zero–delay (feedback of QB0 = 33.3 MHz). Equivalent to Table 2 except F_RANGE = 1 enabling a lower input and output clock frequency. Frequency range Min Max Frequency range Min Max Input 25 MHz 50 MHz Input 25 MHz 50 MHz 50 MHz QA outputs 50 MHz 10 MHz QA outputs 25 MHz QB outputs 50 MHz 100 MHz QB outputs 25 MHz 50 MHz QC outputs 100 MHz 200 MHz QC outputs 25 MHz 50 MHz TIMING SOLUTIONS 9 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Power Supply Filtering supply noise. The power supply filter schemes discussed in this section should be adequate to eliminate power supply noise related problems in most designs. The MPC9352 is a mixed analog/digital product. Its analog circuitry is naturally susceptible to random noise, especially if this noise is seen on the power supply pins. Random noise on the VCCA (PLL) power supply impacts the device characteristics, for instance I/O jitter. The MPC9352 provides separate power supplies for the output buffers (VCC) and the phase-locked loop (VCCA) of the device. The purpose of this design technique is to isolate the high switching noise digital outputs from the relatively sensitive internal analog phase-locked loop. In a digital system environment where it is more difficult to minimize noise on the power supplies a second level of isolation may be required. The simple but effective form of isolation is a power supply filter on the VCCA pin for the MPC9352. Figure 7. illustrates a typical power supply filter scheme. The MPC9352 frequency and phase stability is most susceptible to noise with spectral content in the 100kHz to 20MHz range. Therefore the filter should be designed to target this range. The key parameter that needs to be met in the final filter design is the DC voltage drop across the series filter resistor RF. From the data sheet the ICCA current (the current sourced through the VCCA pin) is typically 3 mA (5 mA maximum), assuming that a minimum of 2.325V (VCC=3.3V or VCC=2.5V) must be maintained on the VCCA pin. The resistor RF shown in Figure 7. “VCCA Power Supply Filter” should have a resistance of 5–15W (VCC=3.3V) or 9-10W (VCC=2.5V) to meet the voltage drop criteria. 9 =Ω .&# 9 4 9 = Ω .&# 9 4 Nested clock trees are typical applications for the MPC9352. Designs using the MPC9352 as LVCMOS PLL fanout buffer with zero insertion delay will show significantly lower clock skew than clock distributions developed from CMOS fanout buffers. The external feedback option of the MPC9352 clock driver allows for its use as a zero delay buffer. One example configuration is to use a ÷4 output as a feedback to the PLL and configuring all other outputs to a divide-by-4 mode. The propagation delay through the device is virtually eliminated. The PLL aligns the feedback clock output edge with the clock input reference edge resulting a near zero delay through the device. The maximum insertion delay of the device in zero-delay applications is measured between the reference clock input and any output. This effective delay consists of the static phase offset, I/O jitter (phase or long-term jitter), feedback path delay and the output-to-output skew error relative to the feedback output. Calculation of part-to-part skew The MPC9352 zero delay buffer supports applications where critical clock signal timing can be maintained across several devices. If the reference clock inputs of two or more MPC9352 are connected together, the maximum overall timing uncertainty from the common CCLK input to any output is: 9 µ .&# 9 4 9 µ .&# 9 4 Using the MPC9352 in zero–delay applications tSK(PP) = t( ∅) + tSK(O) + tPD, LINE(FB) + tJIT( ∅) CF This maximum timing uncertainty consist of 4 components: static phase offset, output skew, feedback board trace delay and I/O (phase) jitter: ( MPC9352 &''&( 444 ( $7!%$ Figure 7. VCCA Power Supply Filter The minimum values for RF and the filter capacitor CF are defined by the required filter characteristics: the RC filter should provide an attenuation greater than 40 dB for noise whose spectral content is above 100 kHz. In the example RC filter shown in Figure 7. “VCCA Power Supply Filter”, the filter cut-off frequency is around 3-5 kHz and the noise attenuation at 100 kHz is better than 42 dB. ?@6∅8 (3 $7!%$ At68 A6∅8 $7!%$ As the noise frequency crosses the series resonant point of an individual capacitor its overall impedance begins to look inductive and thus increases with increasing frequency. The parallel capacitor combination shown ensures that a low impedance path to ground exists for frequencies well above the bandwidth of the PLL. Although the MPC9352 has several design features to minimize the susceptibility to power supply noise (isolated power and grounds and fully differential PLL) there still may be applications in which overall performance is being degraded due to system power MOTOROLA >68 B6∅8 (3 $7!%$ +,4 "5$2 ?@6∅8 At68 68 Figure 8. MPC9352 max. device-to-device skew Due to the statistical nature of I/O jitter a RMS value (1 s) is specified. I/O jitter numbers for other confidence factors (CF) can be derived from Table 11. 10 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMING SOLUTIONS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. This technique draws a fairly high level of DC current and thus only a single terminated line can be driven by each output of the MPC9352 clock driver. For the series terminated case however there is no DC current draw, thus the outputs can drive multiple series terminated lines. Figure 10. “Single versus Dual Transmission Lines” illustrates an output driving a single series terminated line versus two series terminated lines in parallel. When taken to its extreme the fanout of the MPC9352 clock driver is effectively doubled due to its capability to drive multiple lines. Table 11: Confidence Facter CF CF Probability of clock edge within the distribution ± 1s 0.68268948 ± 2s 0.95449988 ± 3s 0.99730007 ± 4s 0.99993663 ± 5s 0.99999943 ± 6s 0.99999999 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The feedback trace delay is determined by the board layout and can be used to fine-tune the effective delay through each device. In the following example calculation a I/O jitter confidence factor of 99.7% (± 3s) is assumed, resulting in a worst case timing uncertainty from input to any output of -445 ps to 395 ps relative to CCLK: tSK(PP) = [–200ps...150ps] + [–200ps...200ps] + [(15ps @ –3)...(15ps @ 3)] + tPD, LINE(FB) tSK(PP) = [–445ps...395ps] + tPD, LINE(FB) MPC9352 C@C@ C Ω C@C@ C Due to the frequency dependence of the I/O jitter, Figure 9. “Max. I/O Jitter versus frequency” can be used for a more precise timing performance analysis. 9 Ω D 9 Ω 9 Ω D 9 Ω 9 Ω D 9 Ω * * Ω * Figure 10. Single versus Dual Transmission Lines The waveform plots in Figure 11. “Single versus Dual Line Termination Waveforms” show the simulation results of an output driving a single line versus two lines. In both cases the drive capability of the MPC9352 output buffer is more than sufficient to drive 50Ω transmission lines on the incident edge. Note from the delay measurements in the simulations a delta of only 43ps exists between the two differently loaded outputs. This suggests that the dual line driving need not be used exclusively to maintain the tight output-to-output skew of the MPC9352. The output waveform in Figure 11. “Single versus Dual Line Termination Waveforms” shows a step in the waveform, this step is caused by the impedance mismatch seen looking into the driver. The parallel combination of the 36Ω series resistor plus the output impedance does not match the parallel combination of the line impedances. The voltage wave launched down the two lines will equal: Figure 9. Max. I/O Jitter versus frequency Driving Transmission Lines The MPC9352 clock driver was designed to drive high speed signals in a terminated transmission line environment. To provide the optimum flexibility to the user the output drivers were designed to exhibit the lowest impedance possible. With an output impedance of less than 20Ω the drivers can drive either parallel or series terminated transmission lines. For more information on transmission lines the reader is referred to Motorola application note AN1091. In most high performance clock networks point-to-point distribution of signals is the method of choice. In a point-to-point scheme either series terminated or parallel terminated transmission lines can be used. The parallel technique terminates the signal at the end of the line with a 50Ω resistance to VCC÷2. TIMING SOLUTIONS = VS ( Z0 ÷ (RS+R0 +Z0)) = 50Ω || 50Ω = 36Ω || 36Ω = 14Ω = 3.0 ( 25 ÷ (18+17+25) = 1.31V At the load end the voltage will double, due to the near unity reflection coefficient, to 2.6V. It will then increment towards the quiescent 3.0V in steps separated by one round trip delay (in this case 4.0ns). VL Z0 RS R0 VL 11 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 4 @E68 4 * 9 4 4 match the impedances when driving multiple lines the situation in Figure 12. “Optimized Dual Line Termination” should be used. In this case the series terminating resistors are reduced such that when the parallel combination is added to the output buffer impedance the line impedance is perfectly matched. * 9 4 ( C@C@ C 4 4 D 9 Ω 9 Ω D 9 Ω Ω 4 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 9 Ω @ 6(8 14Ω + 22Ω k 22Ω = 50Ω k 50Ω 25Ω = 25Ω Figure 12. Optimized Dual Line Termination Figure 11. Single versus Dual Waveforms Since this step is well above the threshold region it will not cause any false clock triggering, however designers may be uncomfortable with unwanted reflections on the line. To better C@ *-"$ $($#+&# D 9 W D 9 Ω D 9 Ω @ 9 Ω @ 9 Ω @@ @@ Figure 13. CCLK MPC9352 AC test reference for Vcc = 3.3V and Vcc = 2.5V MOTOROLA 12 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMING SOLUTIONS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 B B B B 68 @/$ 1!(=&=1!( "5$2 !" )$.!($) +" /$ 2&#" %+"$ )!..$#$(%$ !( 1#&1+0+!&( )$-+3 <$2$$( +(3 "!'!-+# )$-+3 1+/ 2!/!( + "!(0-$ )$7!%$ 6∅8 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Figure 14. Output–to–output Skew tSK(O) Figure 15. Propagation delay (t(∅), static phase offset) test reference B @ , ∅ F F @/$ !'$ .#&' /$ %&(#&--$) $)0$ & /$ (&( %&(#&--$) $)0$> )!7!)$) <3 /$ !'$ <$2$$( %&(#&--$) $)0$"> $,1#$""$) +" + 1$#%$(+0$ @/$ )$7!+!&( !( .&# + %&(#&--$) $)0$ 2!/ #$"1$% & + '$+( !( + #+()&' "+'1-$ &. %3%-$" Figure 17. I/O Jitter Figure 16. Output Duty Cycle (DC) @ @A F F @/$ 7+#!+!&( !( %3%-$ !'$ &. + "!0(+- <$2$$( +)G+%$( %3%-$"> &7$# + #+()&' "+'1-$ &. +)G+%$( %3%-$ 1+!#" @/$ )$7!+!&( !( %3%-$ !'$ &. + "!0(+- 2!/ #$"1$% & /$ !)$+- 1$#!&) &7$# + #+()&' "+'1-$ &. %3%-$" Figure 18. Cycle–to–cycle Jitter F F @ Figure 19. Period Jitter 94 94 4 4 4 4 Figure 20. Output Transition Time Test Reference TIMING SOLUTIONS 13 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS FA SUFFIX LQFP PACKAGE CASE 873A-02 ISSUE A A 32 4X A1 @H 4 @ I4> 4 4 @ H @4 4 @C == @ @ @@ @ J@: @: J: @: K@ @: @ I @ @: @@ @: @ 4 4 @C =@=> =C=> =D= @ @ @ @C ==4 4 @ @ @ @ ==4 4 @ C @C4 J @C 4 6 4 8 4 C @: @ @ @C ==4 4 @ C @C4 @C : @ C @: @ K 4 6 4 84 4 C @ @: : 4 6 4 84 4 K@ : : I I @4 4 E6 4 8 @=C D 25 1 –U– –T– B V B1 DETAIL Y 9 4X –Z– 9 4 E6 4 8 @=C D S1 –T–, –U–, –Z– S DETAIL AD G –AB– SEATING PLANE –AC– 4 E6 4 8 AE 8X M_ P R AE C E X DETAIL AD BASE METAL Q_ ÉÉ ÉÉ ÉÉ N F J MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4 E 4 E 4 E 4 E 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 E 4 4 4 4 4 4 _ EEE 4 4 4 E EE _ EE_ 4 4 4 E 4 E 4 E 4 E 4 E 4 E INCHES MIN MAX 4E 4E 4E 4E 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 E 4 4 4 4 4 4 _ EEE 4 4 4 E EE _ EE_ 4 4 4E 4E 4E 4E 4 E 4 E K DIM A A1 B B1 C D E F G H J K M N P Q R S S1 V V1 W X D 4 E6 4 8 W 4 E6 4 8 H @=C D DETAIL Y GAUGE PLANE Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... V1 17 8 SECTION AE–AE MOTOROLA 14 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMING SOLUTIONS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MPC9352 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... NOTES TIMING SOLUTIONS 15 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MPC9352 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use Motorola products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document. Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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