TS4975 Stereo Headphone Drive Amplifier with Digital Volume Control via I2C Bus ■ Operating from VCC = 2.5V to 5.5V ■ I²C bus control interface ■ 40mW output power @ VCC = 3.3V, THD = 1%, F = 1kHz, with 16Ω load ■ Ultra-low consumption in stdby mode: 0.6µA ■ Digital volume control range from 18dB to -34dB ■ 14-step digital volume control ■ 9 different output mode selections ■ Pop & click noise reduction circuitry ■ Flip-chip package, 12 x 300µm bumps (leadfree) TS4975EIJT - Flip Chip Pin out (top view) Description The TS4975 is a stereo audio headphone driver capable of delivering up to 102mW per channel of continuous average power into a 16Ω singleended load with 1% THD+N from a 5V power supply. The overall gain of these headphone drivers is controlled digitally by volume control registers programmed via the I2C interface, minimizing the number of external components needed. This device can also easily be driven by an MCU to select the output modes, through the I2C bus interface. A phantom ground configuration allows one to avoid using bulky capacitors on the outputs of the headphone amplifiers. The TS4975 is packaged in a 1.8mm X 2.3mm Flip Chip package, ideally suited for spaceconscious portable applications. It has also an internal protection mechanism. thermal shutdown OUT1 PHG1 PHG2 IN1 VCC GND IN2 SCL SDA ADD BYPASS OUT2 Applications ■ ■ Mobile phones (cellular / cordless) PDAs Laptop/notebook computers ■ Portable audio devices ■ Order Codes Part Number TS4975EIJT November 2005 Temperature Range Package Packing Marking -40, +85°C Flip-chip Tape & Reel A75 Rev 3 1/36 www.st.com 36 Absolute Maximum Ratings 1 TS4975 Absolute Maximum Ratings Table 1. Key parameters and their absolute maximum ratings Symbol Value Unit 6 V Input Voltage (2) GND to VCC V Toper Operating Free Air Temperature Range -40 to + 85 °C Tstg Storage Temperature -65 to +150 °C Maximum Junction Temperature 150 °C R thja Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient (3) 200 °C/W Pdiss Power Dissipation ESD Susceptibility - Human Body Model(5) ESD VCC Vi Tj Latch-up Parameter Supply voltage (1) Internally Limited(4) 2 kV Susceptibility - Machine Model (min. Value) 200 V Latch-up Immunity 200 mA Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) 260 °C 1. All voltages values are measured with respect to the ground pin. 2. The magnitude of input signal must never exceed VCC + 0.3V / GND - 0.3V 3. Device is protected in case of over temperature by a thermal shutdown active @ 150°C. 4. Exceeding the power derating curves during a long period, may involve abnormal operating condition. 5. Human body model, 100pF discharged through a 1.5kOhm resistor, into pin to VCC device. Table 2. Operating conditions Symbol 2/36 Parameter Value Unit VCC Supply Voltage 2.5 to 5.5v V RL Load Resistor >16 Ω CL Load Capacitor RL = 16 to 100Ω, RL > 100Ω, 400 100 pF -40 to +85 °C 90 °C/W Toper Operating Free Air Temperature Range R thja Flip Chip Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient TS4975 Typical Application Schematics Typical application schematics for the TS4975 are show in Figure 1, for a single-ended output configuration and in Figure 2, for a phantom ground output configuration. Figure 1. Single-ended configuration + Cb 1µF Cs 1µF A1 B2 + Vcc Vcc Bypass Bias IN1 Pre-Amplifier IN1 OUT1 Amplifier A2 RL = 16/32 Ohms Cout1 Cin1 IN1 OUT1 A3 330nF + + 220µF 1k PHG1 Amplifier PHG1 B3 Mode Select PHG2 Amplifier PHG2 IN2 Pre-Amplifier C3 OUT2 Amplifier RL = 16/32 Ohms Cout2 Cin2 D2 IN2 OUT2 330nF D3 + + 220µF 1k Volume control ADD SCL SDA D1 B1 C1 I2C GND IN2 C2 2 Typical Application Schematics TS4975 ADD SCL SDA 3/36 Typical Application Schematics Figure 2. TS4975 Phantom ground output configuration + + Vcc Cs 1µF Vcc B2 A1 Cb 1µF Bypass Bias IN1 Pre-Amplifier IN1 OUT1 Amplifier RL = 16/32 Ohms Cin1 A2 IN1 OUT1 A3 + 330nF PHG1 Amplifier PHG1 B3 Mode Select PHG2 Amplifier PHG2 IN2 Pre-Amplifier IN2 RL = 16/32 Ohms OUT2 Amplifier Cin2 D2 IN2 OUT2 D3 + 330nF Volume control SCL SDA ADD SCL SDA D1 B1 C1 C2 GND I2C ADD 4/36 C3 TS4975 TS4975 3 Electrical Characteristics Electrical Characteristics Table 3. Electrical characteristics for the I²C interface Symbol Parameter Value Unit VIL Maximum Low level Input Voltage on pins SDA, SCL, VADD 0.3 VCC V VIH Minimum High Level Input Voltage on pins SDA, SCL, VADD 0.7 VCC V SCL Maximum clock Frequency 400 kHz Max Low Level Output Voltage, SDA pin, Isink = 3mA 0.4 V Max Input current on SDA, SCL(1) from 0.1 VCC to 0.9 VCC 10 µA FSCL Vol Ii 1. SCL and SDA are CMOS inputs. The nominal input current is about few pA and not 10uA. 10µA refer to the I2C bus specification. Table 4. Output noise (all inputs grounded) Unweighted Filter from VCC = 2.5V to 5V Weighted Filter (A) from VCC = 2.5V to 5V SE, G = +2dB 34µVrms 23µVrms SE, G = +18dB 67µVrms 45µVrms PHG, G = +2dB 34µVrms 23µVrms PHG, G = +18dB 67µVrms 45µVrms 5/36 Electrical Characteristics Table 5. Symbol ICC ISTBY Voo Pout THD + N PSRR 6/36 TS4975 VCC = +2.5 V, GND = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Typ. Max. No input signal, no load, Single-ended, Mode 1-4 3 4.2 No input signal, no load, Single-ended, Mode 5-8 2 2.8 No input signal, no load, Phantom Ground, Mode 1-4 4.6 6.5 No input signal, no load, Phantom Ground, Mode 5-8 3.6 5.3 Standby Current SCL and SDA at VCC level, No input signal 0.6 2 µA Output Offset Voltage No input signal, RL = 32Ω, Phantom Ground 5 50 mV Supply Current Output Power (per channel) Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise Power Supply Rejection Ratio(1) Conditions Min. Unit mA Single-ended, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 16Ω 15 21 Single-ended, THD+N = 1% Max,F = 1kHz, RL = 32Ω 11 13 Phantom Ground, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 16Ω 15 21 Phantom Ground, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 32Ω 11 13 mW Single-ended, AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 10 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz, 0.3 Single-ended, AV = 2dB, RL = 16Ω, Pout = 15 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Phantom Ground, AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 10 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Phantom GroundAV = 2dB, RL = 16Ω, Pout = 15 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Single-ended Output referenced to Phantom Ground F = 217Hz, RL = 16Ω, AV = 2dB Vripple = 200mV pp, Input Grounded, Cb = 1µF 60 Single-ended Output referenced to Ground, F = 217Hz, RL = 16Ω, AV = 2dB Vripple = 200mV pp, Input Grounded, Cb = 1µF 60 % dB TS4975 Table 5. Symbol Electrical Characteristics VCC = +2.5 V, GND = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Conditions Min. RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Single-ended SNR ONoise G Channel Separation Signal to Noise Ratio A-Weighted RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Single-ended F = 20Hz to 20kHz, Pout = 10mW 75 RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Phantom Ground, F = 1kHZ, Pout = 10mW 69 RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Phantom Ground, F = 20Hz to 20kHz, Pout = 10mW 69 AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 12mW Single-Ended 88 AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 12mW Phantom Ground 88 In1 & In2 to Out1 & Out2 dB 23 µVrms 23 -34 Digital Gain Stepsize +18 4 Gain Error Tolerance In1 & In2 Input Impedance All gain settings twu Wake up time Cb = 1µF tws Standby time 25.5 1. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple)). Vripple is an added sinus signal to dB dB -1 Zin Unit dB Output Noise Voltage, AV = 2dB, Single-ended A-Weighted AV = 2dB, Phantom Ground Digital Gain Range Max. 103 F = 1kHZ, Pout = 10mW Crosstalk Typ. +1 dB 30 34.5 kΩ 110 180 ms 1 µs VCC @ F = 217Hz 7/36 Electrical Characteristics Table 6. Symbol ICC ISTBY Voo Pout THD + N PSRR 8/36 TS4975 VCC = +3.3V, GND = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Typ. Max. No input signal, no load, Single-ended, Mode 1-4 3 4.2 No input signal, no load, Single-ended, Mode 5-8 2 2.8 No input signal, no load, Phantom Ground, Mode 1-4 4.6 6.5 No input signal, no load, Phantom Ground, Mode 5-8 3.6 5.3 Standby Current SCL and SDA at VCC level, No input signal 0.6 2 µA Output Offset Voltage No input signal, RL = 32Ω, Phantom Ground 5 50 mV Supply Current Output Power (per channel) Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise Power Supply Rejection Ratio(1) Conditions Min. Unit mA Single-ended, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 16Ω 34 40 Single-ended, THD+N = 1% Max,F = 1kHz, RL = 32Ω 24 26 Phantom Ground, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 16Ω 34 40 Phantom Ground, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 32Ω 24 26 mW Single-ended, AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 20 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz, 0.3 Single-ended, AV = 2dB, RL = 16Ω, Pout = 30 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Phantom Ground, AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 20 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Phantom GroundAV = 2dB, R L = 16Ω, Pout = 30 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Single-ended Output referenced to Phantom Ground F = 217Hz, RL = 16Ω, AV = 2dB Vripple = 200mVpp, Input Grounded, Cb = 1µF 61 Single-ended Output referenced to Ground, F = 217Hz, RL = 16Ω, AV = 2dB Vripple = 200mVpp, Input Grounded, Cb = 1µF 61 % dB TS4975 Table 6. Symbol Electrical Characteristics VCC = +3.3V, GND = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Conditions Min. RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Single-ended SNR ONoise G Signal To Noise Ratio RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Single-ended F = 20Hz to 20kHz, Pout = 20mW 75 RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Phantom Ground, F = 1kHZ, Pout = 20mW 69 RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Phantom Ground, F = 20Hz to 20kHz, Pout = 20mW 69 AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 25mW Single-Ended 90 AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 25mW Phantom Ground 90 In1 & In2 to Out1 & Out2 dB 23 µVrms 23 -34 Digital Gain Step size +18 4 Gain Error Tolerance In1 & In2 Input Impedance All gain settings twu Wake up time Cb=1µF tws Standby time 25.5 dB dB -1 Zin Unit dB Output Noise Voltage, AV = 2dB, Single-ended A-Weighted AV = 2dB, Phantom Ground Digital Gain Range Max. 103 F = 1kHZ, Pout = 20mW Crosstalk Channel Separation Typ. +1 dB 30 34.5 kΩ 90 156 ms 1 µs 1. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple)). Vripple is an added sinus signal to VCC @ F = 217Hz 9/36 Electrical Characteristics Table 7. Symbol ICC ISTBY Voo Pout VCC = +5V, GND = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Supply Current 10/36 Conditions Min. Typ. Max. No input signal, no load, Single-ended, Mode 1-4 3 4.2 No input signal, no load, Single-ended, Mode 5-8 2 2.8 Unit mA No input signal, no load, Phantom Ground, Mode 1-4 4.6 6.5 No input signal, no load, Phantom Ground, Mode 5-8 3.6 5.3 Standby Current SCL and SDA at VCC level, No input signal 0.6 2 µA Output Offset Voltage No input signal, RL = 32Ω, Phantom Ground 5 50 mV Output Power (per channel) Total Harmonic THD + N Distortion + Noise PSRR TS4975 Power Supply Rejection Ratio(1) Single-ended, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 16Ω 92 102 Single-ended, THD+N = 1% Max,F = 1kHz, RL = 32Ω 59 64 Phantom Ground, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 16Ω 92 98 Phantom Ground, THD+N = 1% Max, F = 1kHz, RL = 32Ω 59 63 mW Single-ended, AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 50 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz, 0.3 Single-ended, AV = 2dB, RL = 16Ω, Pout = 80 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Phantom Ground, AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 50 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Phantom GroundAV = 2dB, RL = 16Ω, Pout = 80 mW, 20Hz < F < 20kHz 0.3 Single-ended Output referenced to Phantom Ground F = 217Hz, RL = 16Ω, AV = 2dB Vripple = 200mVpp, Input Grounded, Cb = 1µF 63 Single-ended Output referenced to Ground F = 217Hz, RL = 16Ω, AV = 2dB Vripple = 200mVpp, Input Grounded, Cb = 1µF 63 % dB TS4975 Table 7. Symbol Electrical Characteristics VCC = +5V, GND = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Conditions Min. RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Single-ended RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Single-ended F = 20Hz to 20kHz, Pout = 50mW 75 RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Phantom Ground, F = 1kHZ, Pout = 50mW 69 RL = 32Ω, AV = 2dB with Phantom Ground, F = 20Hz to 20kHz, Pout = 50mW 69 AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 62mW Single-Ended 95 AV = 2dB, RL = 32Ω, Pout = 62mW Phantom Ground 95 Output Noise Voltage, A-Weighted AV = 2dB, Single-ended 23 AV = 2dB, Phantom Ground 23 Digital Gain Range In1 & In2 to Out1 & Out2 Crosstalk Channel Separation ONoise G Signal To Noise Ratio, A-Weighted Max. dB dB µVrms -34 Digital Gain Step size +18 4 Gain Error Tolerance -1 Zin In1 & In2 Input Impedance All gain settings twu Wake up time Cb=1µF tws Standby time Unit 103 F = 1kHZ, Pout = 50mW SNR Typ. 25.5 dB dB +1 dB 30 34.5 kΩ 80 144 ms 1 µs 1. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple )). Vripple is an added sinus signal to VCC @ F = 217Hz 11/36 Electrical Characteristics 10 THD + N (%) 1 THD+N vs. output power RL = 8 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Figure 4. 10 Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 1 Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz THD + N (%) Figure 3. TS4975 0.1 0.01 Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz 1E-3 1E-3 Vcc=5V F=20kHz 0.01 THD+N vs. output power RL = 8 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz 0.01 Output power (W) 10 THD + N (%) 1 THD+N vs. output power RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Figure 6. 10 Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 1 Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz 0.1 0.01 Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz 1E-3 1E-3 Vcc=5V F=20kHz 0.01 THD+N vs. output power RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 0.01 Vcc=5V F=1kHz THD + N (%) 1 THD+N vs. output power Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 1 0.1 0.01 Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz 1E-3 1E-3 Vcc=5V F=20kHz Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz 0.01 Output power (W) 12/36 Figure 8. 10 RL = 32 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=5V F=20kHz 0.01 Vcc=5V F=1kHz 0.1 Output power (W) THD + N (%) 10 Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz 1E-3 1E-3 0.1 Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz 0.1 Output power (W) Figure 7. 0.1 Output power (W) THD + N (%) Figure 5. Vcc=5V F=1kHz Vcc=5V F=20kHz 1E-3 1E-3 0.1 Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 0.1 0.01 Vcc=5V F=1kHz Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz THD+N vs. output power RL = 32 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C 0.1 0.01 Vcc=5V F=1kHz 0.1 Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 1E-3 1E-3 Vcc=5V F=20kHz Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz 0.01 Output power (W) Vcc=5V F=1kHz 0.1 TS4975 Electrical Characteristics Figure 9. THD + N (%) 1 RL = 8 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Figure 10. THD+N vs. output power 10 Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz 0.1 0.01 Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz 1E-3 1E-3 Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz Vcc=5V F=20kHz 0.01 0.1 0.01 Vcc=5V F=1kHz 0.01 Figure 12. THD+N vs. output power Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz 1 Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 10 0.1 Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz 1E-3 1E-3 Vcc=5V F=20kHz 0.01 0.1 0.01 Vcc=5V F=1kHz Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 0.01 10 Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 1 Vcc=5V F=20kHz 1E-3 1E-3 Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz THD + N (%) THD + N (%) Figure 14. THD+N vs. output power 0.1 0.01 Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz 0.01 Output power (W) RL = 32 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz Vcc=5V F=1kHz 0.1 Vcc=2.5V F=20kHz 0.1 0.01 Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz 0.1 Output power (W) Figure 13. THD+N vs. output power 1 Vcc=5V F=1kHz Vcc=5V F=20kHz 1E-3 1E-3 0.1 RL = 32 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Output power (W) 10 0.1 Output power (W) 10 Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz Vcc=5V F=1kHz Vcc=5V F=20kHz 1E-3 1E-3 0.1 Figure 11. THD+N vs. output power 0.01 Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz RL = 8 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Output power (W) RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +2dB 1 BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz 1 Vcc=2.5V F=1kHz THD + N (%) 10 THD+N vs. output power 1E-3 1E-3 Vcc=5V F=20kHz Vcc=3.3V F=20kHz Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz 0.01 Vcc=5V F=1kHz 0.1 Output power (W) 13/36 Electrical Characteristics TS4975 Figure 15. THD+N vs. frequency Figure 16. THD+N vs. frequency 10 RL = 8Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Single Ended G = +2dB 1 BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V P=20mW Vcc=3.3V P=40mW Vcc=5V P=110mW THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 10 0.1 0.01 1 RL = 8Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Single Ended G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V P=20mW 100 1000 0.01 10000 100 Vcc=3.3V P=30mW Vcc=5V P=80mW THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 10 RL = 16 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Single Ended G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.5V P=15mW 0.1 1 RL = 16 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Single Ended G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V P=15mW 100 1000 0.01 10000 100 1000 10000 Figure 20. THD+N vs. frequency 10 RL = 32 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Single Ended G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V P=10mW Vcc=3.3V P=20mW Vcc=5V P=50mW 0.1 THD + N (%) 10 THD + N (%) Vcc=5V P=80mW Frequency (Hz) Figure 19. THD+N vs. frequency 1 RL = 32 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Single Ended G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V P=10mW Vcc=3.3V P=20mW Vcc=5V P=50mW 0.1 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 14/36 Vcc=3.3V P=30mW 0.1 Frequency (Hz) 0.01 10000 Figure 18. THD+N vs. frequency 10 1 1000 Frequency (Hz) Figure 17. THD+N vs. frequency 0.01 Vcc=5V P=110mW 0.1 Frequency (Hz) 1 Vcc=3.3V P=40mW 10000 0.01 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 TS4975 Electrical Characteristics Figure 21. THD+N vs. frequency 1 10 RL = 8 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Phantom Ground G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.5V P=20mW Vcc=3.3V P=40mW Vcc=5V P=110mW THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 10 Figure 22. THD+N vs. frequency 0.1 1 RL = 8 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Phantom Ground G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=3.3V P=40mW Vcc=2.5V P=20mW 0.1 Vcc=5V P=110mW 0.01 100 1000 0.01 10000 100 Frequency (Hz) Figure 23. THD+N vs. frequency Vcc=3.3V P=30mW Vcc=5V P=80mW THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 10 RL = 16 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Phantom Ground G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V P=15mW 0.1 0.01 1 RL = 16 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Phantom Ground G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V P=15mW 100 1000 0.01 10000 100 1000 10000 Figure 26. THD+N vs. frequency 10 RL = 32 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Phantom Ground G = +2dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.5V P=10mW Vcc=3.3V P=20mW Vcc=5V P=50mW 0.1 THD + N (%) 10 THD + N (%) Vcc=5V P=80mW Frequency (Hz) Figure 25. THD+N vs. frequency 0.01 Vcc=3.3V P=30mW 0.1 Frequency (Hz) 1 10000 Figure 24. THD+N vs. frequency 10 1 1000 Frequency (Hz) 1 0.1 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 0.01 RL = 32 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 Phantom Ground G = +18dB BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C Vcc=2.5V P=10mW 100 Vcc=3.3V P=20mW 1000 Vcc=5V P=50mW 10000 Frequency (Hz) 15/36 Electrical Characteristics TS4975 Figure 27. Output power vs. power supply voltage (each channel) Figure 28. Output power vs. power supply voltage (each channel) 160 140 120 220 F = 1kHz Output mode 1 - 8 Single Ended BW < 125 kHz Tamb = 25 °C Output power at 10% THD + N (mW) Output power at 1% THD + N (mW) 180 8Ω 16 Ω 100 32 Ω 80 60 40 20 64 Ω 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 200 180 160 140 F = 1kHz Output mode 1 - 8 Single Ended BW < 125 kHz Tamb = 25 °C 120 80 60 40 20 64 Ω 3.0 3.5 Vcc (V) 100 8Ω 16 Ω 32Ω 80 60 40 20 0 2.5 64 Ω 3.0 3.5 4.0 Vcc (V) 16/36 5.0 5.5 220 F = 1kHz Output mode 1 - 8 Phantom Ground BW < 125 kHz Tamb = 25 °C Output power at 10% THD + N (mW) Output power at 1% THD + N (mW) 120 4.5 Figure 30. Output power vs. power supply voltage (each channel) 180 140 4.0 Vcc (V) Figure 29. Output power vs. power supply voltage (each channel) 160 16 Ω 32 Ω 100 0 2.5 5.5 8Ω 4.5 5.0 5.5 200 180 160 140 F = 1kHz Output mode 1 - 8 Phantom Ground BW < 125 kHz Tamb = 25 °C 120 8Ω 16 Ω 32 Ω 100 80 60 40 20 0 2.5 64 Ω 3.0 3.5 4.0 Vcc (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 TS4975 Electrical Characteristics Figure 31. PSSR vs. frequency Figure 32. PSSR vs. frequency 0 0 Vcc = 2.5V RL ≥ 16 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 SE, Inp. grounded Vripple = 200mVpp -20 PSRR (dB) -30 -10 -20 -30 G=+18dB PSRR (dB) -10 -40 G=+10dB -50 G=+2dB -60 -70 Vcc = 2.5V RL ≥ 16Ω Output mode 1 - 8 PHG, Inp. grounded Vripple = 200mVpp -40 G=+10dB -50 G=+18dB G=+2dB -60 -70 -80 -80 G=-34dB G=-10dB -90 G=-2dB -90 G=-10dB G=-34dB G=-2dB -100 20 100 1000 -100 20 10000 100 Frequency (Hz) Figure 33. PSSR vs. frequency 10000 Figure 34. PSSR vs. frequency 0 0 Vcc = 3.3V RL ≥ 16 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 SE, Inp. grounded Vripple = 200mVpp -20 -30 -10 -20 -30 G=+18dB PSRR (dB) -10 PSRR (dB) 1000 Frequency (Hz) -40 G=+10dB -50 G=+2dB -60 -70 Vcc = 3.3V RL ≥ 16Ω Output mode 1 - 8 PHG, Inp. grounded Vripple = 200mVpp -40 G=+10dB -50 G=+18dB G=+2dB -60 -70 -80 -80 G=-10dB -90 G=-2dB -90 G=-34dB G=-10dB G=-34dB G=-2dB -100 20 100 1000 -100 20 10000 100 Frequency (Hz) Figure 35. PSSR vs. frequency PSRR (dB) -30 0 Vcc = 5V RL ≥ 16 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 SE, Inp. grounded Vripple = 200mVpp -10 -20 -30 G=+18dB PSRR (dB) -20 -40 G=+10dB -50 G=+2dB -60 -70 -80 Vcc = 5V RL ≥ 16 Ω Output mode 1 - 8 PHG, Inp. grounded Vripple = 200mVpp G=+18dB -40 G=+10dB -50 G=+2dB -60 -70 -80 G=-10dB -90 G=-34dB G=-2dB -100 20 10000 Figure 36. PSSR vs. frequency 0 -10 1000 Frequency (Hz) 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 G=-2dB -90 -100 20 100 G=-10dB 1000 G=-34dB 10000 Frequency (Hz) 17/36 Electrical Characteristics TS4975 Figure 37. Crosstalk vs. frequency Figure 38. Crosstalk vs. frequency 0 Vcc = 2.5V Output mode 1 -20 Single Ended G = +2dB -40 Tamb = 25 °C -10 RL=16 Ω Po=15mW -60 RL=32Ω Po=10mW -80 Crosstalk Level (dB) Crosstalk Level (dB) 0 -100 -120 -20 Vcc = 2.5V Output mode 1 Phantom Ground G = +2dB Tamb = 25 °C -30 -40 -60 -70 100 1000 -80 10000 100 Frequency (Hz) 0 -10 RL=16 Ω Po=30mW RL=32Ω Po=20mW -80 Crosstalk Level (dB) Crosstalk Level (dB) Vcc = 3.3V Output mode 1 Single Ended G = +2dB Tamb = 25 °C -60 -100 -120 -20 Vcc = 3.3V Output mode 1 Phantom Ground G = +2dB Tamb = 25 °C -30 -40 -60 -70 100 1000 -80 10000 100 10000 Figure 42. Crosstalk vs. frequency 0 0 Vcc = 5V Output mode 1 -20 Single Ended G = +2dB -40 Tamb = 25 °C -10 RL=16 Ω Po=80mW -60 RL=32Ω Po=50mW -80 -100 Crosstalk Level (dB) Crosstalk Level (dB) 1000 Frequency (Hz) Figure 41. Crosstalk vs. frequency -20 Vcc = 5V Output mode 1 Phantom Ground G = +2dB Tamb = 25 °C -30 -40 RL=16 Ω Po=80mW RL=32 Ω Po=50mW -50 -60 -70 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 18/36 RL=16 Ω Po=30mW RL=32 Ω Po=20mW -50 Frequency (Hz) -120 10000 Figure 40. Crosstalk vs. frequency 0 -40 1000 Frequency (Hz) Figure 39. Crosstalk vs. frequency -20 RL=16 Ω Po=15mW RL=32 Ω Po=10mW -50 10000 -80 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 TS4975 Electrical Characteristics 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 RL = 32 Ω RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +2dB Unweighted filter (20Hz to 20kHz) THD+N < 0.5% Tamb = 25 °C 2.5 3.3 Figure 44. SNR vs. power supply voltage SNR (dB) SNR (dB) Figure 43. SNR vs. power supply voltage 5 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 RL = 32 Ω RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +2dB Weighted filter type A THD+N < 0.5% Tamb = 25 °C 2.5 Vcc (V) RL = 32 Ω RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +18dB Unweighted filter (20Hz to 20kHz) THD+N < 0.5% Tamb = 25°C 2.5 3.3 5 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 78 76 74 72 70 RL = 32 Ω RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 SE, G = +18dB Weighted filter type A THD+N < 0.5% Tamb = 25°C 2.5 Vcc (V) 3.3 Vcc (V) 5 Figure 48. SNR vs. power supply voltage SNR (dB) SNR (dB) RL = 32 Ω RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +2dB Unweighted filter (20Hz to 20kHz) THD+N < 0.5% Tamb = 25 °C 2.5 3.3 Vcc (V) Figure 47. SNR vs. power supply voltage 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 5 Figure 46. SNR vs. power supply voltage SNR (dB) SNR (dB) Figure 45. SNR vs. power supply voltage 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 78 76 74 72 70 3.3 Vcc (V) 5 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 RL = 32Ω RL = 16Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +2dB Weighted filter type A THD+N < 0.5% Tamb = 25 °C 2.5 3.3 5 Vcc (V) 19/36 Electrical Characteristics TS4975 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 78 76 74 72 70 Figure 50. SNR vs. power supply voltage RL = 32 Ω RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +18dB Unweighted filter (20Hz to 20kHz) THD+N < 0.5% Tamb = 25°C 2.5 SNR (dB) SNR (dB) Figure 49. SNR vs. power supply voltage 3.3 5 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 78 76 74 72 70 RL = 32 Ω RL = 16 Ω Out. mode 1 - 8 PHG, G = +18dB Weighted filter type A THD+N < 0.5% Tamb = 25°C 2.5 3.3 Vcc (V) Figure 51. Frequency response Figure 52. Current consumption vs. power supply voltage 20 6 No loads Tamb = 25 °C 18 Vcc = 5V, 3.3V, 2.5V G = +18dB 10 8 Vcc = 5V, 3.3V, 2.5V G = +2dB 6 PHG, Out. mode 5, 6, 7, 8 4 Output mode 1 - 8 RL = 32, 16Ω Cin = 330nF SE, PHG BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25 °C 12 Icc (mA) 14 Output level (dB) PHG, Out. Mode 1, 2, 3, 4 5 16 3 Reset state 2 SE, Out. mode 1, 2, 3, 4 4 1 SE, Out. mode 5, 6, 7, 8 2 0 20 100 1000 0 10000 0 1 2 Frequency (Hz) 3 100 All gain setting Tamb = 25°C Low -3 dB Cut Off frequency (Hz) All gain setting Tamb=25 °C Low -3dB Cut Off Frequency (Hz) 5 Figure 54. 3dB lower cut off frequency vs. output capacitance 100 Minimum Input Impedance 10 4 Vcc (V) Figure 53. 3dB lower cut off frequency vs. input capacitance Typical Input Impedance Maximum Input Impedance 0.1 1 Input Capacitor Cin ( µF) 20/36 5 Vcc (V) 10 RL=16 Ω RL=32 Ω 1 100 1000 Output capacitor Cout ( µF) TS4975 Electrical Characteristics Figure 55. Power dissipation vs. output power Figure 56. Power dissipation vs. output power (one channel (one channel 120 70 Vcc = 3.3V 110 F = 1kHz 100 THD+N < 1% 50 Power Dissipation (mW) Power Dissipation (mW) Vcc = 2.5V F = 1kHz 60 THD+N < 1% RL=16 Ω , PHG RL=32Ω , PHG 40 30 RL=16 Ω , SE 20 RL=32 Ω , SE 10 90 RL=16 Ω , PHG 80 RL=32 Ω , PHG 70 60 RL=16 Ω , SE 50 40 30 RL=32 Ω , SE 20 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 0 25 0 5 10 Output Power (mW) 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Output Power (mW) 280 Vcc = 5V 260 F = 1kHz 240 THD+N < 1% 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 10 20 30 RL=16Ω , PHG RL=32 Ω , PHG RL=16 Ω , SE RL=32 Ω , SE 40 50 60 70 Output Power (mW) 80 90 100 110 Flip-Chip Package Power Dissipation (W) Power Dissipation (mW) Figure 57. Power dissipation vs. output power Figure 58. Power derating curves (one channel 1.4 1.2 Heat sink surface = 125mm 2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 No Heat sink 0.2 0.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Ambiant Temperature (°C) 21/36 Application Information 4 TS4975 Application Information The TS4975 integrates 2 monolithic power amplifiers. The amplifier output can be configured as either SE (single-ended) capacitively-coupled output or PHG (phantom ground) output. Figure 1 on page 3 and Figure 2 on page 4 show schemes of these two configurations and Section 4.2: Output configuration describes these configurations. This chapter gives information on how to configure the TS4975 in application. 4.1 I²C bus interface The TS4975 uses a serial bus, which conforms to the I²C protocol (the TS4975 must be powered when it is connected to I²C bus), to control the chip’s functions with two wires: Clock and Data. The Clock line and the Data line are bi-directional (open-collector) with an external chip pull-up resistor (typically 10 kOhm). The maximum clock frequency in Fast-mode specified by the I²C standard is 400kHz, which TS4975 supports. In this application, the TS4975 is always the slave device and the controlling micro controller MCU is the master device. The ADD pin is allows one to set one of two possible 7-bit device addresses. This setting is needed for when a number of chips are connected to the same bus (for example two TS4975 devices), to avoid address conflicts. The two possible TS4975 addresses are: ● $CCh when the ADD pin is connected to logic low voltage, ● $CEh when ADD pin is connected to logic high voltage. Table 8 summarizes the pin descriptions for the I²C bus interface. Table 8. I²C bus interface pin descriptions Pin 4.1.1 Functional Description SDA This is the serial data pin SCL This is the clock input pin ADD User-setable portion of device’s I2C address I²C bus operation The host MCU can write into the TS4975 control register to control the TS4975, and read from the control register to get a configuration from the TS4975. The TS4975 is addressed by the byte consisting of 7-bit slave address and R/W bit. Table 9. The first byte after the START message for addressing the device A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W 1 1 0 0 1 1 A0 X In order to write data into the TS4975, after the “start” message, the MCU must send the following data: 22/36 ● send byte with the I²C 7-bit slave address and with a low level for the R/W bit ● send the data (control register setting) TS4975 Application Information All bytes are sent with MSB bit first. The transfer of written data ends with a “stop” message. When transmitting several data, the data can be written with no need to repeat the “start” message and addressing byte with the slave address. In order to read data from the TS4975, after the “start” message, the MCU must send and receive the following data: ● send byte with the I²C 7-bit slave address and with a high level for the R/W bit ● receive the data (control register value) All bytes are read with MSB bit first. The transfer of read data is ended with “stop” message. When transmitting several data, the data can be read with no need to repeat the “start” message and the byte with slave address. In this case the value of control register is read repeatedly. When the thermo shutdown or pop and click reduction is active, specific values are read from the TS4975 (see Section 4.9: Pop and click performance on page 31 and Section 4.10: Thermo shutdown on page 32). Figure 59. I²C write/read operations SLAVE ADDRESS SDA S 1 1 0 0 1 CONTROL REGISTERS 1 A0 0 A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A Volume Control settings Start condition Output Mode settings R/W Acknowledge from Slave Phantom Ground settings P Stop condition Acknowledge from Slave Ouput mode selection: G from -34 dB to + 18dB (by steps of 4dB)(1) Table 10. Output Mode # Headphone Output 1 Headphone Output 2 0 SD SD 1 G x In1 G x In2 2 G x In2 G x In1 3 G x In1 G x In1 4 G x In2 G x In2 5 SD G x In1 6 SD G x In2 7 G x In1 SD 8 G x In2 SD 1. SD = Shutdown Mode In1 = Audio Input 1 In2= Audio Input2 G = Gain from Audio Input 1and Input 2 to Output1 and Output2 23/36 Application Information 4.1.2 TS4975 Gain setting operation The gain of the TS4975 ranges from -34dB to +18 dB. At Power-up, both the right and left channels are set in Standby mode. Table 11. G: Gain (dB) # D7 (MSB) D6 D5 D4 -34 0 0 0 1 -30 0 0 1 0 -26 0 0 1 1 -22 0 1 0 0 -18 0 1 0 1 -14 0 1 1 0 -10 0 1 1 1 -6 1 0 0 0 -2 1 0 0 1 +2 1 0 1 0 +6 1 0 1 1 +10 1 1 0 0 +14 1 1 0 1 +18 1 1 1 0 Table 12. D2 D1 D0 COMMENTS D7 (MSB) 24/36 Output mode settings truth table D3: PHG on / off Table 13. 0 Gain settings truth table 0 X X X PHG off 1 x x x PHG on x 0 0 0 MODE 1 X 0 0 1 MODE 2 X 0 1 0 MODE 3 X 0 1 1 MODE4 X 1 0 0 MODE 5 X 1 0 1 MODE 6 X 1 1 0 MODE 7 X 1 1 1 MODE 8 Stand-by mode I²C condition D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 X X X X TS4975 Application Information Table 14. 4.1.3 I²C control byte states D7 (MSB) D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 1 1 1 x X X X Undefined State Acknowledge The number of data bytes transferred between the start and the stop conditions from the CPU master to the TS4975 slave is not limited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by one acknowledge bit. The TS4975 which is addressed, generates an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out. 4.2 Output configuration When the device is switched to Mode 5,6,7 or 8, where one channel is in shutdown, it means that corresponding output is in a high impedance state. 4.2.1 Single-ended configuration When the device is woken-up or switched via I²C interface to SE configuration, output amplifiers are biased to the VCC/2 voltage and this voltage is present on OUT1 and OUT2 pins. Pins PHG1 and PHG2 are in high impedance state. In this configuration an output capacitor, Cout, on each output is needed to block the VCC/2 voltage and couples the audio signal to the load. 4.2.2 Phantom ground configuration In a PHG configuration the internal buffers are connected to PHG1 and PHG2 pins and biased to the VCC/2 voltage. Output amplifiers (pins OUT1 and OUT2) are also biased to the VCC/2 voltage. Therefore, no output capacitors are needed. The advantage of the PHG configuration is the need for fewer external components as compared with a SE configuration. However, note that the device has higher power dissipation (see Section 4.3: Power dissipation and efficiency on page 26). In this configuration, PHG1 and PHG2 pins must be shorted and the connection between these pins should be as short as possible. For best crosstalk results, in this case, each speaker should be connected with a separate PHG wire (2 speakers connected with 4 wires) as shown in Figure 2: Phantom ground output configuration on page 4. You should avoid using only one common PHG wire for both speakers (i.e. 2 speakers connected with 3 wires), which would give much poorer crosstalk results. 4.2.3 Shutdown When the device goes to shutdown from SE or PHG mode, PHG1 and PHG2 outputs are in a high impedance state and OUT1 and OUT2 outputs are shorted together and connected to bias voltage. This voltage steadily decreases as the bypass capacitor Cb discharges, and reaches GND voltage when Cbypass is fully discharged. This output configuration is implemented to reach the best pop performance during chip wake-up. 25/36 Application Information 4.3 TS4975 Power dissipation and efficiency Hypotheses: ● Voltage and current in the load are sinusoidal (Vout and I out). ● Supply voltage is a pure DC source (VCC). Regarding the load we have: V out = V PEAK sin ωt ( V ) and V out I out = ---------RL (A) and 2 V PEAK P out = ----------------2R L (A ) Single-ended configuration: The average current delivered by the supply voltage is: π Icc AVG V PEAK 1 V PEAK = ------ ∫ ----------------sin ( t ) dt = ----------------2π RL πR L (A) 0 Figure 60. Current delivered by supply voltage in single-ended model The power delivered by supply voltage is: P supply = V C CI CC AVG (W) So, the power dissipation by each amplifier is P diss = P supply – P out ( W ) 2V CC - P out – P out ( W ) P diss = -----------------π RL and the maximum value is obtained when: ∂P diss ∂ P out 26/36 = 0 TS4975 Application Information and its value is: 2 P diss Note: MAX V CC = -----------2 π RL (W) This maximum value depends only on power supply voltage and load values. The efficiency is the ratio between the output power and the power supply: πV PEAK P out - = -------------------η = -----------------P supply 2V CC The maximum theoretical value is reached when VPEAK = VCC/2, so π η = --- = 78.5% 4 Phantom ground configuration: The average current delivered by the supply voltage is: π Icc AVG 2V PEAK 1 V PEAK = --- ∫ ----------------sin ( t ) d t = -------------------π RL πR L (A ) 0 Figure 61. Current delivered by supply voltage in phantom ground mode The power delivered by supply voltage is: P supply = V C CI CC AVG (W) Then, the power dissipation by each amplifier is 2 2V CC P diss = ---------------------P out – P out π RL (W) and the maximum value is obtained when: ∂P diss ∂ P out = 0 and its value is: 2 P diss Note: MAX 2V CC = -------------2 π RL (W) This maximum value depends only on power supply voltage and load values. 27/36 Application Information TS4975 The efficiency is the ratio between the output power and the power supply: P out πV PEAK η = ------------------ = -------------------P supply 4V CC The maximum theoretical value is reached when VPEAK = VCC/2, so π η = --- = 39.25% 8 The TS4975 is a stereo amplifier so it has two independent power amplifiers. Each amplifier produces heat due to its power dissipation. Therefore the maximum die temperature is the sum of each amplifier’s maximum power dissipation. It is calculated as follows: Pdiss 1 = Power dissipation due to the first channel power amplifier. Pdiss 2 = Power dissipation due to the second channel power amplifier. Total Pdiss = Pdiss 1 + Pdiss 2 (W) In most cases, Pdiss 1 = Pdiss 2 , giving: TotalP diss = 2P diss1 Single ended configuration: 2 2V CC TotalP diss = ---------------------P out – 2P out ( W ) π RL Phantom ground configuration: 4 2V C C TotalPdiss = ---------------------P out – 2P out ( W ) π RL 4.4 Low frequency response Input capacitor Cin The input coupling capacitor blocks the DC part of the input signal at the amplifier input. In the low-frequency region, Cin starts to have an effect. Cin with Zin forms a first-order, high-pass filter with -3 dB cut-off frequency. 1 F C L = ------------------------ ( Hz ) 2πZ in C in Zin is the input impedance of the corresponding input (30 kΩ for In1 & In2). Note: For all inputs, the impedance value remains for all gain settings. This means that the lower cutoff frequency doesn’t change with gain setting. Note also that 30 kΩ is a typical value and there is tolerance around this value (see Chapter 3: Electrical Characteristics on page 5). From Figure 53 you could easily establish the Cin value for a -3dB cut-off frequency required. 28/36 TS4975 Application Information Output capacitor Cout In single-ended mode the external output coupling capacitors Cout are needed. This coupling capacitor Cout with the output load RL also forms a first-order high-pass filter with -3 dB cut off frequency. 1 F CL = -------------------------- ( Hz ) 2πR L C out See Figure 54 to establish the Cout value for a -3dB cut-off frequency required. These two first-order filters form a second-order high-pass filter. The -3 dB cut-off frequency of these two filters should be the same, so the following formula should be respected: 1 1 ------------------------ ≅ -------------------------2πZ in C in 2πR L C out 4.5 Decoupling of the circuit Two capacitors are needed to properly bypass the TS4975 — a power supply capacitor Cs and a bias voltage bypass capacitor Cb. Cs has a strong influence on the THD+N in high frequency (above 7kHz) and indirectly on the power supply disturbances. With 1 µF, you could expect similar THD+N performances like shown in the datasheet. If Cs is lower than 1 µF, THD+N increases in high frequency and disturbances on power supply rail are less filtered. To the contrary, if Cs is higher than 1 µF, those disturbances an the power supply rail are more filtered. Cb has an influence on THD+N in lower frequency, but its value is critical on the final result of PSRR with input grounded in lower frequency: ● If Cb is lower than 1 µF, THD+N increases at lower frequencies and the PSRR worsens upwards. ● If Cb is higher than 1 µF, the benefit on THD+N and PSRR in the lower frequency range is small. The value of Cb also has an influence on startup time. 4.6 Power-on reset When power is applied to VCC, an internal Power On Reset holds the TS4975 in a reset state (shutdown) until the supply voltage reaches its nominal value. The Power On Reset has a typical threshold of 1.75V. During this reset state the outputs configuration is the same like in the shutdown mode (see Section 4.2: Output configuration on page 25). 29/36 Application Information 4.7 TS4975 Notes on PSRR measurement What is PSRR? The PSRR is the Power Supply Rejection Ratio. The PSRR of a device is the ratio between a power supply disturbance and the result on the output. In other words, the PSRR is the ability of a device to minimize the impact of power supply disturbance to the output. How we measure the PSRR? The PSRR was measured according to the schematic shown in Figure 62. Figure 62. PSRR measurement schematic Principles of operation ● The DC voltage supply (VCC) is fixed ● The AC sinusoidal ripple voltage (Vripple) is fixed ● No bypasss capacitor Cs is used The PSRR value for each frequency is calculated as: RMS ( Out put ) ( dB ) PSRR = 20Log --------------------------------RMS ( V ) ripple RMS is a rms selective measurement. 30/36 TS4975 4.8 Application Information Startup time When the TS4975 is controlled to switch from full standby (output mode 0) to another output mode, a delay is necessary to stabilize the DC bias.This length of this delay depends on the Cb and VCC values. A typical value can be calculated by following formula: VC C t wu = C b × ------------------------- × 50000 + 0.008 ( s ) V CC – 1.2 This formula assumes that Cb voltage is equal to 0 V. If the Cb voltage is not equal 0 V, the startup time will be always lower. In Figure 63 you could easily establish typical startup time for given supply voltage and bypass capacitor Cb. Figure 63. Typical startup time versus bypass capacitance 400 350 Startup time (ms) 300 Vcc=2.5V 250 200 Vcc=3.3V 150 100 Vcc=5V 50 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 Bypass capacitor Cb (µF) 4.9 Pop and click performance The TS4975 has internal pop and click reduction circuitry which eliminates the output transients, for example during switch-on or switch-off phases, during a switch from an output mode to another or during change in volume. The performance of this circuitry is closely linked to the values of the input capacitor Cin, the output capacitor Cout (for Single-Ended configuration) and the bias voltage bypass capacitor Cb. The value of Cin and Cout is determined by the lower cut-off frequency value requested. The value of Cb will affect the THD+N and PSRR values in lower frequencies. The TS4975 is optimized to have a low pop and click in the typical schematic configuration (see Figure 1 on page 3 and Figure 2 on page 4). During the device start-up period when the pop and click reduction is active, the value $Fxh (1111xxxx binary) can be read from the internal device registry. Once the device is fully operational and the pop and click is inactive, the last value of control register can be read. 31/36 Application Information 4.10 TS4975 Thermo shutdown The TS4975 device has internal protection in case of over temperature by thermal shutdown. Thermal shutdown is active when the device reaches temperature 150°C. When thermo shutdown protection is active, value $Fxh (1111xxxx binary) can be read from the internal device registry. When thermo shutdown protection state disappears, the last value of control register can be read. 4.11 Demoboard A demoboard for the TS4975 is available. For more information about this demoboard, please refer to Application Note AN2151, which can be found on www.st.com. Figure 67 on page 33 shows the schematic of the demoboard. Figure 64, Figure 65 and Figure 66, show bottom layer, top layer and the component locations, respectively. Figure 64. Bottom layer Figure 66. Component location 32/36 Figure 65. Top layer TS4975 Application Information Figure 67. Demoboard schematic Vcc1 Vcc1 + + Cn1 C2 1µF U1 Cn6 Vcc 2 14 C1 1µF Bypass R1 1k 1 2 3 Bias IN1 Pre-Amplifier OUT1 Amplifier C3 C10 IN1 1 IN1 OUT1 + 13 + 330nF 220µF JP1 PHG1 Amplifier PHG1 1 2 3 4 12 Mode Select 1 J1 2 3 PHG2 Amplifier PHONEJACK STEREO PHG2 IN2 Pre-Amplifier P2 Cn7 HEADER 4 1 2 3 P1 10 OUT2 Amplifier C11 C4 6 IN2 IN2 OUT2 + 9 + 330nF Volume control ADD SCL SDA 3 4 Vcc1 5 I2C GND 8 1 2 3 220µF R2 1k Cn8 TS4975 JP2 R3 10k 4 3 2 1 Cn2 Cn4 HEADER 4 Cn3 Vcc1 R4 10k I2C BUS SCL SDA SCL SDA SDA Vcc1 R5 10k SDA SCL Vcc2 Vcc1 Vcc2 R6 360R U2B 3 Vcc2 R7 10K + C5 1µF CON1 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 KP1040 GND2 GND2 GND2 TXD 13 8 DTR 11 10 GND GND2 C8 0.1µF 1 3 4 5 2 6 C9 0.1µF T1IN T2IN C1+ C1C2+ C2V+ V- U3 R1OUT R2OUT T1OUT T2OUT 12 9 14 7 13 KP1040 R9 360R U2C 5 12 6 11 KP1040 ST232 + C7 0.1µF + C6 0.1µF + GND2 + RS232 R1IN R2IN 16 15 Cn5 Vcc 2 4 Vcc2 GND 16 14 Vcc2 15 R8 180R U2A 1 Vcc2 GND2 GND2 33/36 Package Mechanical Data 5 TS4975 Package Mechanical Data Figure 68. TS4975 footprint recommendation 75µm min. 100µm max. 500µm 500µm Track Φ=400µm typ. 150µm min. Φ=340µm min. 500µm 500µm Φ=250µm Non Solder mask opening Pad in Cu 18µm with Flash NiAu (2-6µm, 0.2µm max.) Figure 69. Pin out (top view) 3 OUT1 PHG1 PHG2 OUT2 2 IN1 VCC GND IN2 1 BYPASS SCL SDA ADD C D A B Figure 70. Marking (top view) ■ Logo: ST ■ Part Number: A75 ■ Date Code: YWW ■ The Dot is for marking pin A1 ● E Lead Free symbol E A75 YW W 34/36 TS4975 Package Mechanical Data Figure 71. Flip-chip - 12 bumps 2300µm 1800µm 500µm 500µm 600µm ■ Die size: 2.3mm x 1.8mm ± 30µm ■ Die height (including bumps): 600µm ■ Bumps diameter: 315µm ±50µm ■ Bump diameter before reflew: 300µm ±10µm ■ Bumps height: 250µm ±40µm ■ Die height: 350µm ±20µm ■ Pitch: 500µm ±50µm ■ Capillarity: 60µm max Figure 72. Tape & reel specification (top view) 1.5 4 1 1 A Die size Y + 70µm A 8 Die size X + 70µm 4 All dimensions are in mm User direction of feed 35/36 Revision History 6 TS4975 Revision History Date Revision Nov. 2004 1 Initial release. July 2005 2 Product in full production 3 The following changes were made in this revision: – Application notes updated – Formatting changes throughout Nov. 2005 Changes Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners © 2005 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com 36/36