TS4990 1.2 W audio power amplifier with active low standby mode Features ■ Operating range from VCC = 2.2 V to 5.5 V ■ 1.2 W output power @ VCC = 5 V, THD = 1%, F = 1 kHz, with 8Ω load ■ Ultra-low consumption in standby mode (10 nA) ■ 62 dB PSRR at 217 Hz in grounded mode ■ Near-zero pop and click ■ Ultra-low distortion (0.1%) ■ Unity gain stable ■ Available in 9-bump flip-chip, miniSO-8 and DFN8 packages TS4990IJT/TS4990EIJT - Flip-chip 9 bumps Vin+ VOUT1 Vin- VCC GND GND STBY VOUT2 BYPASS TS4990IST - MiniSO-8 Applications ■ Mobile phones (cellular / cordless) ■ Laptop / notebook computers ■ PDAs ■ Portable audio devices TS4990IQT - DFN8 Description STANDBY 1 8 VOUT 2 BYPASS 2 7 GND VIN+ 3 6 Vcc This audio power amplifier is capable of delivering 1.2 W of continuous RMS output power into an 8Ω load at 5 V. VIN- 4 5 VOUT 1 An externally controlled standby mode reduces the supply current to less than 10 nA. It also includes an internal thermal shutdown protection. TS4990ID/TS4990IDT - SO-8 STBY 1 8 VOUT2 The unity-gain stable amplifier can be configured by external gain setting resistors. BYPASS 2 7 GND VIN+ 3 6 VCC VIN- 4 5 VOUT1 The TS4990 is designed for demanding audio applications such as mobile phones to reduce the number of external components. May 2008 Rev 12 1/32 www.st.com 32 Contents TS4990 Contents 1 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Typical application schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5 4.1 BTL configuration principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.2 Gain in a typical application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.3 Low and high frequency response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.4 Power dissipation and efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.5 Decoupling of the circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.6 Wake-up time (tWU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.7 Shutdown time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.8 Pop performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.9 Application example: differential input, BTL power amplifier . . . . . . . . . . 22 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 5.1 Flip-chip package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 5.2 MiniSO-8 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 5.3 DFN8 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 5.4 SO-8 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 6 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 7 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2/32 TS4990 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions 1 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings (AMR) Symbol VCC Vin Parameter Value Unit 6 V GND to VCC V Supply voltage (1) Input voltage (2) Toper Operating free-air temperature range -40 to + 85 °C Tstg Storage temperature -65 to +150 °C Maximum junction temperature 150 °C Rthja Thermal resistance junction to ambient Flip chip (3) MiniSO-8 DFN8 250 215 120 °C/W Pdiss Power dissipation Tj ESD Internally limited (4) 2 200 kV V Latch-up immunity 200 mA Lead temperature (soldering, 10sec) Lead temperature (soldering, 10sec) for lead-free version 250 260 °C HBM: Human body model MM: Machine model(5) 1. All voltage values are measured with respect to the ground pin. 2. The magnitude of the input signal must never exceed VCC + 0.3 V / GND - 0.3 V. 3. The device is protected in case of over temperature by a thermal shutdown active at 150° C. 4. Human body model: A 100 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor between two pins of the device. This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 5. Machine model: A 200 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 Ω). This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. Table 2. Operating conditions Symbol Parameter VCC Supply voltage Vicm Common mode input voltage range VSTBY Standby voltage input: Device ON Device OFF Value Unit 2.2 to 5.5 V 1.2V to VCC V 1.35 ≤ VSTBY ≤ VCC GND ≤ VSTBY ≤ 0.4 V RL Load resistor ≥4 Ω TSD Thermal shutdown temperature 150 °C Rthja Thermal resistance junction to ambient Flip-chip (1) MiniSO-8 DFN8(2) 100 190 40 °C/W 1. This thermal resistance is reached with a 100 mm2 copper heatsink surface. 2. When mounted on a 4-layer PCB. 3/32 Typical application schematics 2 TS4990 Typical application schematics Figure 1. Typical application schematics Rfeed Vcc + Cfeed VCC Cs Cin Audio In Rin Vin- Vout 1 Vin+ Speaker 8 Ohms + Vout 2 AV = -1 Bypass Cb Table 3. TS4990 Component descriptions Component Functional description Rin Inverting input resistor that sets the closed loop gain in conjunction with Rfeed. This resistor also forms a high pass filter with Cin (Fc = 1 / (2 x Pi x Rin x Cin)). Cin Input coupling capacitor that blocks the DC voltage at the amplifier input terminal. Rfeed Feed back resistor that sets the closed loop gain in conjunction with Rin. Cs Supply bypass capacitor that provides power supply filtering. Cb Bypass pin capacitor that provides half supply filtering. Cfeed AV Exposed pad 4/32 Bias + Standby GND Standby Control + Low pass filter capacitor allowing to cut the high frequency (low pass filter cut-off frequency 1/ (2 x Pi x Rfeed x Cfeed)). Closed loop gain in BTL configuration = 2 x (Rfeed / Rin). DFN8 exposed pad is electrically connected to pin 7. See DFN8 package information on page 28 for more information. TS4990 3 Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics Table 4. Electrical characteristics when VCC = +5 V, GND = 0 V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Typ. Max. Unit Supply current No input signal, no load 3.7 6 mA Standby current (1) No input signal, VSTBY = GND, RL = 8Ω 10 1000 nA Voo Output offset voltage No input signal, RL = 8Ω 1 10 mV Pout Output power THD = 1% max, F = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω ICC ISTBY THD + N PSRR Parameter Min. 0.9 Total harmonic distortion + noise Pout = 1Wrms, AV = 2, 20Hz ≤ F ≤ 20kHz, RL = 8Ω Power supply rejection ratio(2) RL = 8Ω, AV = 2, Vripple = 200mVpp, input grounded F = 217Hz F = 1kHz 55 55 1.2 W 0.2 % dB 62 64 tWU Wake-up time (Cb = 1µF) 90 tSTBY Standby time (Cb = 1µF) 10 130 ms µs VSTBYH Standby voltage level high 1.3 V VSTBYL Standby voltage level low 0.4 V ΦM Phase margin at unity gain RL = 8Ω, CL = 500pF 65 Degrees GM Gain margin RL = 8Ω, CL = 500pF 15 dB GBP Gain bandwidth product RL = 8Ω 1.5 MHz 3 43 kΩ ROUT-GND Resistor output to GND (VSTBY ≤VSTBYL) Vout1 Vout2 1. Standby mode is active when VSTBY is tied to GND. 2. All PSRR data limits are guaranteed by production sampling tests. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple)). Vripple is the sinusoidal signal superimposed upon VCC. 5/32 Electrical characteristics Table 5. TS4990 Electrical characteristics when VCC = +3.3 V, GND = 0 V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Typ. Max. Unit Supply current No input signal, no load 3.3 6 mA Standby current (1) No input signal, VSTBY = GND, RL = 8Ω 10 1000 nA Voo Output offset voltage No input signal, RL = 8Ω 1 10 mV Pout Output power THD = 1% max, F = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω ICC ISTBY Parameter THD + N Total harmonic distortion + noise Pout = 400mWrms, AV = 2, 20Hz ≤ F ≤ 20kHz, RL = 8Ω PSRR Power supply rejection ratio(2) RL = 8Ω, AV = 2, Vripple = 200mVpp, input grounded F = 217Hz F = 1kHz Min. 375 55 55 500 mW 0.1 % dB 61 63 tWU Wake-up time (Cb = 1µF) 110 tSTBY Standby time (Cb = 1µF) 10 140 ms µs VSTBYH Standby voltage level high 1.2 V VSTBYL Standby voltage level low 0.4 V ΦM Phase margin at unity gain RL = 8Ω, CL = 500pF 65 Degrees GM Gain margin RL = 8Ω, CL = 500pF 15 dB GBP Gain bandwidth product RL = 8Ω 1.5 MHz 4 44 kΩ ROUT-GND Resistor output to GND (VSTBY ≤ VSTBYL) Vout1 Vout2 1. Standby mode is active when VSTBY is tied to GND. 2. All PSRR data limits are guaranteed by production sampling tests. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple)). Vripple is the sinusoidal signal superimposed upon VCC. 6/32 TS4990 Electrical characteristics Table 6. Electrical characteristics when VCC = 2.6V, GND = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Typ. Max. Unit Supply current No input signal, no load 3.1 6 mA Standby current (1) No input signal, VSTBY = GND, RL = 8Ω 10 1000 nA Voo Output offset voltage No input signal, RL = 8Ω 1 10 mV Pout Output power THD = 1% max, F = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω ICC ISTBY Parameter THD + N Total harmonic distortion + noise Pout = 200mWrms, AV = 2, 20Hz ≤ F ≤ 20kHz, RL = 8Ω PSRR Power supply rejection ratio(2) RL = 8Ω, AV = 2, Vripple = 200mVpp, input grounded F = 217Hz F = 1kHz Min. 220 55 55 300 mW 0.1 % dB 60 62 tWU Wake-up time (Cb = 1µF) 125 tSTBY Standby time (Cb = 1µF) 10 150 ms µs VSTBYH Standby voltage level high 1.2 V VSTBYL Standby voltage level low 0.4 V ΦM Phase margin at unity gain RL = 8Ω, CL = 500pF 65 Degrees GM Gain margin RL = 8Ω, CL = 500pF 15 dB GBP Gain bandwidth product RL = 8Ω 1.5 MHz 6 46 kΩ ROUT-GND Resistor output to GND (VSTBY ≤VSTBYL) Vout1 Vout2 1. Standby mode is active when VSTBY is tied to GND. 2. All PSRR data limits are guaranteed by production sampling tests. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple)). Vripple is the sinusoidal signal superimposed upon VCC. 7/32 Electrical characteristics Open loop frequency response 0 60 40 -120 -40 20 Gain (dB) 0 Phase (°) Phase -80 -20 -40 0 Gain -40 20 Open loop frequency response 60 Gain 40 Gain (dB) Figure 3. Phase -80 0 Phase (°) Figure 2. TS4990 -120 -20 Vcc = 5V RL = 8Ω Tamb = 25°C -60 0.1 1 -160 10 100 1000 -40 -200 10000 -60 0.1 1 10 Frequency (kHz) Figure 4. -160 Vcc = 3.3V RL = 8Ω Tamb = 25°C 100 1000 -200 10000 Frequency (kHz) Open loop frequency response Figure 5. 0 60 Open loop frequency response 0 100 Gain 80 40 -120 -20 -80 40 Phase 20 -120 0 -160 Vcc = 2.6V RL = 8Ω Tamb = 25°C -60 0.1 1 -20 10 100 1000 -200 10000 Figure 6. -40 0.1 1 10 Figure 7. 0 100 -200 10000 Open loop frequency response 0 80 Gain Gain -40 -40 Phase 20 -120 0 -80 40 Phase 20 -120 0 -160 Vcc = 3.3V CL = 560pF Tamb = 25°C 1 -20 10 100 Frequency (kHz) 1000 -200 10000 -40 0.1 -160 Vcc = 2.6V CL = 560pF Tamb = 25°C 1 10 100 Frequency (kHz) 1000 -200 10000 Phase (°) -80 40 Gain (dB) 60 Phase (°) Gain (dB) 1000 100 60 8/32 100 Frequency (kHz) Open loop frequency response 80 -160 Vcc = 5V CL = 560pF Tamb = 25°C Frequency (kHz) -40 0.1 Phase (°) Gain (dB) -80 Phase (°) Gain (dB) Phase 0 -20 -40 60 20 -40 Gain -40 TS4990 Figure 8. Electrical characteristics PSRR vs. power supply Figure 9. 0 PSRR (dB) -20 -30 0 Vripple = 200mVpp Av = 2 Input = Grounded Cb = Cin = 1μF RL >= 4Ω Tamb = 25°C -40 -10 Vcc : 2.2V 2.6V 3.3V 5V PSRR (dB) -10 PSRR vs. power supply -50 -20 Vripple = 200mVpp Av = 10 Input = Grounded Cb = Cin = 1μF RL >= 4Ω Tamb = 25°C Vcc : 2.2V 2.6V 3.3V 5V -30 -40 -60 -50 -70 100 1000 10000 Frequency (Hz) 100000 Figure 10. PSRR vs. power supply 100 -30 0 Vripple = 200mVpp Rfeed = 22kΩ Input = Floating Cb = 1μF RL >= 4Ω Tamb = 25°C Vcc = 2.2, 2.6, 3.3, 5V -10 PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) -20 100000 Figure 11. PSRR vs. power supply 0 -10 1000 10000 Frequency (Hz) -40 -50 -20 Vripple = 200mVpp Av = 5 Input = Grounded Cb = Cin = 1μF RL >= 4Ω Tamb = 25°C Vcc : 2.2V 2.6V 3.3V 5V -30 -40 -60 -50 -70 -80 100 1000 10000 Frequency (Hz) -60 100000 Figure 12. PSRR vs. power supply -30 100000 0 Vripple = 200mVpp Av = 2 Input = Grounded Cb = 0.1μF, Cin = 1μF RL >= 4Ω Tamb = 25°C -10 -20 PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) -20 1000 10000 Frequency (Hz) Figure 13. PSRR vs. power supply 0 -10 100 Vcc = 5, 3.3, 2.5 & 2.2V -40 -30 Vripple = 200mVpp Rfeed = 22kΩ Input = Floating Cb = 0.1μF RL >= 4Ω Tamb = 25°C Vcc = 2.2, 2.6, 3.3, 5V -40 -50 -60 -50 -60 -70 100 1000 10000 Frequency (Hz) 100000 -80 100 1000 10000 Frequency (Hz) 100000 9/32 Electrical characteristics TS4990 Figure 14. PSRR vs. DC output voltage Figure 15. PSRR vs. DC output voltage 0 0 Vcc = 5V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 2 Tamb = 25°C PSRR (dB) -20 -30 Vcc = 5V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 10 Tamb = 25°C -10 PSRR (dB) -10 -40 -20 -30 -50 -40 -60 -70 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Differential DC Output Voltage (V) 4 -50 -5 5 Figure 16. PSRR vs. DC output voltage -30 -20 -30 -40 -50 -50 -60 -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 -60 -5 Differential DC Output Voltage (V) Figure 18. PSRR vs. DC output voltage -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Differential DC Output Voltage (V) 4 5 0 Vcc = 3.3V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 2 Tamb = 25°C -40 -10 PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) -30 -4 Figure 19. PSRR vs. DC output voltage 0 -20 5 Vcc = 5V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 5 Tamb = 25°C -10 -40 -10 4 0 Vcc = 3.3V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 5 Tamb = 25°C PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) -20 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Differential DC Output Voltage (V) Figure 17. PSRR vs. DC output voltage 0 -10 -4 -20 Vcc = 3.3V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 10 Tamb = 25°C -30 -50 -40 -60 10/32 -70 -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 -50 -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Differential DC Output Voltage (V) Differential DC Output Voltage (V) TS4990 Electrical characteristics Figure 20. PSRR vs. DC output voltage Figure 21. PSRR vs. DC output voltage 0 0 Vcc = 2.6V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 2 Tamb = 25°C PSRR (dB) -20 -30 Vcc = 2.6V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 10 Tamb = 25°C -10 PSRR (dB) -10 -40 -20 -30 -50 -40 -60 -70 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 -50 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 2.5 Differential DC Output Voltage (V) Figure 22. Output power vs. power supply voltage 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Figure 23. PSRR vs. DC output voltage 0 2.4 2.2 RL = 4Ω F = 1kHz 2.0 BW < 125kHz 1.8 Tamb = 25°C 1.6 Vcc = 2.6V Vripple = 200mVpp RL = 8Ω Cb = 1μF AV = 5 Tamb = 25°C -10 THD+N=10% PSRR (dB) Output power (W) 0.0 Differential DC Output Voltage (V) 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 -20 -30 -40 THD+N=1% 0.6 -50 0.4 0.2 0.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Vcc (V) 4.5 5.0 -60 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 5.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Differential DC Output Voltage (V) Figure 24. PSRR at F = 217 Hz vs. bypass capacitor Figure 25. Output power vs. power supply voltage 2.0 PSRR at 217Hz (dB) -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 0.1 Av=2 Vcc: 2.6V 3.3V 5V Av=5 Vcc: 2.6V 3.3V 5V RL = 8Ω F = 1kHz 1.6 BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C 1.4 1.8 Output power (W) Av=10 Vcc: 2.6V 3.3V 5V -30 THD+N=10% 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 THD+N=1% 0.4 Tamb=25°C 1 Bypass Capacitor Cb ( F) 0.2 0.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Vcc (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 11/32 Electrical characteristics TS4990 Figure 26. Output power vs. power supply voltage Figure 27. Output power vs. load resistor 2.2 RL = 16Ω F = 1kHz 1.0 BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C 0.8 Vcc = 5V F = 1kHz BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C 2.0 1.8 Output power (W) Output power (W) 1.2 THD+N=10% 0.6 0.4 THD+N=1% 1.6 1.4 THD+N=10% 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 THD+N=1% 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Vcc (V) 4.5 5.0 0.0 5.5 Figure 28. Output power vs. load resistor 8 12 16 20 24 Load Resistance ( ) 28 32 Figure 29. Output power vs. power supply voltage 0.6 0.6 0.4 THD+N=10% 0.3 0.2 0.5 Output power (W) Vcc = 2.6V F = 1kHz BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C 0.5 Output power (W) 4 RL = 32Ω F = 1kHz BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C 0.4 THD+N=10% 0.3 0.2 THD+N=1% THD+N=1% 0.1 0.0 4 8 12 16 20 24 Load Resistance ( ) 0.1 28 0.0 32 Figure 30. Output power vs. load resistor 3.0 3.5 4.0 Vcc (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 Figure 31. Power dissipation vs. Pout 1.4 Vcc = 3.3V F = 1kHz BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C 0.8 THD+N=10% 0.6 0.4 Power Dissipation (W) 1.0 Output power (W) 2.5 Vcc=5V 1.2 F=1kHz THD+N<1% RL=4Ω 1.0 0.8 0.6 RL=8Ω 0.4 0.2 0.2 THD+N=1% 0.0 12/32 8 16 24 Load Resistance ( ) RL=16Ω 32 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 Output Power (W) 1.4 1.6 TS4990 Electrical characteristics Figure 33. Power derating curves Flip-Chip Package Power Dissipation (W) Figure 32. Power dissipation vs. Pout 0.6 Power Dissipation (W) Vcc=3.3V F=1kHz 0.5 THD+N<1% RL=4Ω 0.4 0.3 0.2 RL=8Ω 0.1 RL=16Ω 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.2 2 Heat sink surface ≈ 100mm (See demoboard) 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 No Heat sink 0 25 50 Figure 34. Clipping voltage vs. power supply voltage and load resistor RL = 4Ω Vcc=2.6V F=1kHz THD+N<1% 0.35 0.5 0.4 RL = 8Ω 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.25 0.20 0.15 RL=8Ω 0.10 0.05 RL=16Ω 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 0.00 0.0 5.0 0.1 Power supply Voltage (V) 0.3 0.4 Figure 37. Current consumption vs. power supply voltage 4.0 Tamb = 25°C No load 3.5 Tamb=25°C RL = 4Ω 0.5 Current Consumption (mA) Vout1 & Vout2 Clipping Voltage High side (V) 0.2 Output Power (W) Figure 36. Clipping voltage vs. power supply voltage and load resistor 0.6 150 RL=4Ω 0.30 RL = 16Ω 2.5 125 0.40 Tamb = 25°C 0.6 0.0 100 Figure 35. Power dissipation vs. Pout Power Dissipation (W) Vout1 & Vout2 Clipping Voltage Low side (V) 0.7 75 Ambiant Temperature ( C) Output Power (W) 0.4 RL = 8Ω 0.3 0.2 0.1 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 RL = 16Ω 0.0 0.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Power supply Voltage (V) 4.5 5.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Power Supply Voltage (V) 13/32 Electrical characteristics TS4990 Figure 38. Current consumption vs. standby voltage @ VCC = 5V Figure 39. Current consumption vs. standby voltage @ VCC = 2.6V 4.0 4.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 Vcc = 5V No load Tamb=25°C 0.5 0.0 0 1 2 3 4 Current Consumption (mA) Current Consumption (mA) 3.5 Vcc = 2.6V 3.5 No load Tamb=25°C 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 5 0.5 Standby Voltage (V) Figure 40. THD + N vs. output power 1.5 2.0 2.5 Figure 41. Current consumption vs. standby voltage @ VCC = 3.3V 4.0 RL = 4Ω F = 20Hz Av = 2 Cb = 1μF BW < 125kHz 1 Tamb = 25°C Current Consumption (mA) 10 THD + N (%) 1.0 Standby Voltage (V) Vcc=2.2V Vcc=2.6V 0.1 Vcc = 3.3V 3.5 No load Tamb=25°C 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 Vcc=3.3V 1E-3 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) Vcc=5V 0.0 0.0 1 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Standby Voltage (V) Figure 42. Current consumption vs. standby voltage @ VCC = 2.2V Figure 43. THD + N vs. output power 4.0 10 Vcc = 2.2V 3.5 No load Tamb=25°C 3.0 THD + N (%) Current Consumption (mA) 0.5 2.5 2.0 1.5 RL = 8Ω F = 20Hz Av = 2 Cb = 1μF 1 BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.2V Vcc=2.6V 0.1 1.0 0.5 Vcc=3.3V 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 Standby Voltage (V) 14/32 2.0 0.01 1E-3 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) Vcc=5V 1 TS4990 Electrical characteristics Figure 44. THD + N vs. output power Figure 45. THD + N vs. output power 10 10 Vcc=2.2V Vcc=2.6V 0.1 Vcc=2.2V Vcc=2.6V 0.1 Vcc=3.3V 0.01 1E-3 Vcc=5V Vcc=3.3V 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 Figure 46. THD + N vs. output power 0.01 1E-3 Vcc=5V 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 Figure 47. THD + N vs. output power 10 10 RL = 4Ω F = 20kHz Av = 2 Cb = 1μF BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.2V THD + N (%) THD + N (%) RL = 8Ω F = 1kHz Av = 2 Cb = 1μF 1 BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C THD + N (%) THD + N (%) RL = 16Ω F = 20kHz Av = 2 Cb = 1μF 1 BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.6V 1 RL = 4Ω F = 1kHz Av = 2 Cb = 1μF BW < 125kHz 1 Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.2V Vcc=2.6V 0.1 Vcc=3.3V 0.1 1E-3 Vcc=3.3V Vcc=5V 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 1E-3 Figure 48. THD + N vs. output power 10 Vcc=2.2V THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 0.1 1 Figure 49. THD + N vs. output power 10 RL = 16Ω F = 1kHz Av = 2 1 Cb = 1μF BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=5V 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) Vcc=2.6V Vcc=3.3V RL = 8Ω F = 20kHz Av = 2 Cb = 1μF BW < 125kHz 1 Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.2V Vcc=2.6V 0.1 0.01 1E-3 Vcc=3.3V Vcc=5V 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 1E-3 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) Vcc=5V 1 15/32 Electrical characteristics TS4990 Figure 50. THD + N vs. output power Figure 51. THD + N vs. frequency RL = 16Ω F = 20kHz Av = 2 Cb = 1μF 1 BW < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C RL=8Ω Av=2 Cb = 1μF Bw < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=2.2V THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 10 Vcc=2.6V 0.1 Vcc=5V, Po=1W 0.1 Vcc=2.2V, Po=130mW Vcc=3.3V Vcc=5V 0.01 0.01 1E-3 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 Figure 52. SNR vs. power supply with unweighted filter (20Hz to 20kHz) 100 10000 20k 1000 Frequency (Hz) Figure 53. THD + N vs. frequency 110 1 RL=4Ω Av=2 Cb = 1μF Bw < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C RL=16Ω 105 100 THD + N (%) Signal to Noise Ratio (dB) 20 RL=8Ω 95 RL=4Ω 90 Av = 2 85 Cb = 1μF THD+N < 0.7% Tamb = 25°C 80 2.5 3.0 Vcc=5V, Po=1.3W Vcc=2.2V, Po=150mW 0.1 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 20 100 Figure 54. THD + N vs. frequency 10000 20k 1000 Frequency (Hz) Power Supply Voltage (V) Figure 55. SNR vs. power supply with unweighted filter (20Hz to 20kHz) 0.1 0.01 16/32 RL=16Ω Signal to Noise Ratio (dB) THD + N (%) 95 RL=16Ω Av=2 Cb = 1μF Bw < 125kHz Tamb = 25°C Vcc=5V, Po=0.55W Vcc=2.2V, Po=100mW 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 20k 90 85 RL=8Ω RL=4Ω 80 Av = 10 75 Cb = 1μF THD+N < 0.7% Tamb = 25°C 70 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Power Supply Voltage (V) 4.5 5.0 TS4990 Electrical characteristics Figure 56. Signal to noise ratio vs. power supply with a weighted filter Figure 57. Output noise voltage device ON 110 45 Output Noise Voltage ( Vrms) Signal to Noise Ratio (dB) RL=16Ω 105 100 RL=8Ω RL=4Ω 95 90 Av = 2 85 Cb = 1μF THD+N < 0.7% Tamb = 25°C 80 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 35 Unweighted Filter 30 25 20 A Weighted Filter 15 10 5.0 Vcc=2.2V to 5.5V Cb=1μF RL=8Ω Tamb=25°C 40 2 4 6 Closed Loop Gain Power Supply Voltage (V) Figure 58. Signal to noise ratio vs. power supply with a weighted filter 10 Figure 59. Output noise voltage device in Standby 100 2.0 RL=16Ω 1.8 Output Noise Voltage ( Vrms) Signal to Noise Ratio (dB) 8 95 90 RL=8Ω 85 RL=4Ω 80 Av = 10 75 Cb = 1μF THD+N < 0.7% Tamb = 25°C 70 2.5 3.0 1.6 Unweighted Filter 1.4 1.2 1.0 A Weighted Filter 0.8 0.6 Vcc=2.2V to 5.5V Cb=1μF RL=8Ω Tamb=25°C 0.4 0.2 3.5 4.0 Power Supply Voltage (V) 4.5 5.0 0.0 2 4 6 Closed Loop Gain 8 10 17/32 Application information TS4990 4 Application information 4.1 BTL configuration principle The TS4990 is a monolithic power amplifier with a BTL output type. BTL (bridge tied load) means that each end of the load is connected to two single-ended output amplifiers. Thus, we have: Single-ended output 1 = Vout1 = Vout (V) Single-ended output 2 = Vout2 = -Vout (V) and Vout1 - Vout2 = 2Vout (V) The output power is: 2 ( 2V out ) RMS P out = -----------------------------RL For the same power supply voltage, the output power in BTL configuration is four times higher than the output power in single-ended configuration. 4.2 Gain in a typical application The typical application schematics are shown in Figure 1 on page 4. In the flat region (no Cin effect), the output voltage of the first stage is (in Volts): R feed V out1 = ( – V in ) -------------R in For the second stage: Vout2 = -Vout1 (V) The differential output voltage is (in Volts): R feed V out2 – V out1 = 2V in -------------R in The differential gain named gain (Gv) for more convenience is: R feed V out2 – V out1 = 2 -------------G v = ---------------------------------R in V in Vout2 is in phase with Vin and Vout1 is phased 180° with Vin. This means that the positive terminal of the loudspeaker should be connected to Vout2 and the negative to Vout1. 4.3 Low and high frequency response In the low frequency region, Cin starts to have an effect. Cin forms with Rin a high-pass filter with a -3 dB cut-off frequency. FCL is in Hz. 1 F CL = -----------------------2πR in C in In the high frequency region, you can limit the bandwidth by adding a capacitor (Cfeed) in parallel with Rfeed. It forms a low-pass filter with a -3 dB cut-off frequency. FCH is in Hz. 1 F CH = -----------------------------------2πR feed C feed 18/32 TS4990 Application information The graph in Figure 60 shows an example of Cin and Cfeed influence. Figure 60. Frequency response gain vs. Cin and Cfeed 10 5 Gain (dB) 0 Cfeed = 330pF Cfeed = 680pF -5 -15 -20 Cin = 22nF Rin = Rfeed = 22kΩ Tamb = 25°C Cin = 82nF -25 10 4.4 Cfeed = 2.2nF Cin = 470nF -10 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 Power dissipation and efficiency Hypotheses: ● Load voltage and current are sinusoidal (Vout and Iout). ● Supply voltage is a pure DC source (VCC). The load can be expressed as: V out = V PEAK sin ωt (V) and V out I out = -----------RL (A) and 2 V PEAK P out = -----------------------2R L (W) Therefore, the average current delivered by the supply voltage is: I CC V AVG PEAK = 2 --------------------- πR L (A) The power delivered by the supply voltage is: P supply = V CC ⋅ I CC AVG (W) 19/32 Application information TS4990 Therefore, the power dissipated by each amplifier is: Pdiss = Psupply - Pout (W) 2 2V CC P diss = ---------------------- P out – P out π RL and the maximum value is obtained when: δP diss ------------------ = 0 δP out and its value is: 2 P diss Note: max 2V CC = -------------2 π RL (W) This maximum value is only dependent on power supply voltage and load values. The efficiency is the ratio between the output power and the power supply: P out πV PEAK η = ------------------- = ----------------------P supply 4V CC The maximum theoretical value is reached when VPEAK = VCC, so: π ----- = 78.5% 4 4.5 Decoupling of the circuit Two capacitors are needed to correctly bypass the TS4990: a power supply bypass capacitor Cs and a bias voltage bypass capacitor Cb. Cs has particular influence on the THD+N in the high frequency region (above 7 kHz) and an indirect influence on power supply disturbances. With a value for Cs of 1 µF, you can expect THD+N levels similar to those shown in the datasheet. In the high frequency region, if Cs is lower than 1 µF, it increases THD+N and disturbances on the power supply rail are less filtered. On the other hand, if Cs is higher than 1 µF, those disturbances on the power supply rail are more filtered. Cb has an influence on THD+N at lower frequencies, but its function is critical to the final result of PSRR (with input grounded and in the lower frequency region). If Cb is lower than 1 µF, THD+N increases at lower frequencies and PSRR worsens. If Cb is higher than 1 µF, the benefit on THD+N at lower frequencies is small, but the benefit to PSRR is substantial. Note that Cin has a non-negligible effect on PSRR at lower frequencies. The lower the value of Cin, the higher the PSRR. 20/32 TS4990 4.6 Application information Wake-up time (tWU) When the standby is released to put the device ON, the bypass capacitor Cb is not charged immediately. Because Cb is directly linked to the bias of the amplifier, the bias will not work properly until the Cb voltage is correct. The time to reach this voltage is called wake-up time or tWU and specified in the electrical characteristics tables with Cb = 1 µF. If Cb has a value other than 1 µF, refer to the graph in Figure 61 to establish the wake-up time. Figure 61. Typical wake-up time vs. Cb 600 Tamb=25°C Startup Time (ms) 500 Vcc=3.3V 400 Vcc=2.6V 300 200 Vcc=5V 100 0 0.1 1 2 3 Bypass Capacitor Cb ( F) 4 4.7 Due to process tolerances, the maximum value of wake-up time is shown in Figure 62. Figure 62. Maximum wake-up time vs. Cb 600 Tamb=25°C Max. Startup Time (ms) Vcc=3.3V 500 Vcc=2.6V 400 300 200 Vcc=5V 100 0 0.1 1 2 3 Bypass Capacitor Cb ( F) 4 4.7 Note: The bypass capacitor Cb also has a typical tolerance of +/-20%. To calculate the wake-up time with this tolerance, refer to the graph above (considering for example for Cb=1 µF in the range of 0.8 µF≤Cb≤1.2 µF). 4.7 Standby time When the standby command is set, the time required to put the two output stages in high impedance and the internal circuitry in standby mode is a few microseconds. In standby mode, the bypass pin and Vin pin are short-circuited to ground by internal switches. This allows a quick discharge of Cb and Cin capacitors. 21/32 Application information 4.8 TS4990 Pop performance Pop performance is intimately linked with the size of the input capacitor Cin and the bias voltage bypass capacitor Cb. The size of Cin is dependent on the lower cut-off frequency and PSRR values requested. The size of Cb is dependent on THD+N and PSRR values requested at lower frequencies. Moreover, Cb determines the speed with which the amplifier turns ON. In order to reach near zero pop and click, the equivalent input constant time, τ in = (Rin + 2kΩ) x Cin (s) with Rin ≥ 5kΩ must not reach the τ in maximum value as indicated in Figure 63 below. Figure 63. τ in max. versus bypass capacitor 160 Tamb=25°C Vcc=3.3V in max. (ms) 120 Vcc=2.6V 80 40 0 Vcc=5V 1 2 3 Bypass Capacitor Cb ( F) 4 By following the previous rules, the TS4990 can reach near zero pop and click even with high gains such as 20 dB. Example: With Rin = 22 kΩ and a 20 Hz, -3 dB low cut-off frequency, Cin = 361 nF. So, Cin = 390 nF with standard value which gives a lower cut-off frequency equal to 18.5 Hz. In this case, (Rin + 2kΩ) x Cin = 9.36ms. By referring to the previous graph, if Cb = 1 µF and VCC = 5 V, we read 20 ms max. This value is twice as high as our current value, thus we can state that pop and click will be reduced to its lowest value. Minimizing both Cin and the gain benefits both the pop phenomenon, and the cost and size of the application. 4.9 Application example: differential input, BTL power amplifier The schematics in Figure 64 show how to configure the TS4990 to work in differential input mode. The gain of the amplifier is: R2 G VDIFF = 2 ------R1 In order to reach the best performance of the differential function, R1 and R2 should be matched at 1% max. 22/32 TS4990 Application information Figure 64. Differential input amplifier configuration R2 + Vcc Cin VCC Cs R1 Vin- Neg. Input Vout 1 Cin Vin+ R1 Speaker 8 Ohms + Pos. Input R2 AV = -1 Bypass Standby Control + Cb Bias GND Standby Vout 2 + TS4990 The input capacitor Cin can be calculated by the following formula using the -3 dB lower frequency required. (FL is the lower frequency required). 1 C in ≈ --------------------2πR 1 F L Note: (F) This formula is true only if: 1 F CB = ---------------------------------------2π ( R 1 + R 2 )C B (Hz) is 5 times lower than FL. Example bill of materials The bill of materials in Table 7 is for the example of a differential amplifier with a gain of 2 and a -3 dB lower cut-off frequency of about 80 Hz. Table 7. Bill of materials for differential input amplifier application Pin name Functional description R1 20k / 1% R2 20k / 1% Cin 100nF Cb=Cs 1µF U1 TS4990 23/32 Package information 5 TS4990 Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, STMicroelectronics offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an STMicroelectronics trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. 5.1 Flip-chip package information Figure 65. Flip chip pinout (top view) 3 Vin+ 2 VOUT1 1 Vin- GND BYPASS A B C ■ VCC GND STBY VOUT2 Balls are underneath Figure 66. Marking (top view) E ■ ST logo ■ Product and assembly code: XXX A90 from Tours 90S from Shenzhen ■ Three-digit datecode: YWW ■ E symbol for lead-free only ■ The dot indicates pin A1 Symbol for lead-free package XXX YWW 24/32 TS4990 Package information Figure 67. Package mechanical data for 9-bump flip-chip package 1.60 mm 1.60 mm 0.5mm 0.5mm ∅ 0.25mm ■ Die size: 1.60 x 1.60 mm ±30µm ■ Die height (including bumps): 600µm ■ Bump diameter: 315µm ±50µm ■ Bump diameter before reflow: 300µm ±10µm ■ Bump height: 250µm ±40µm ■ Die height: 350µm ±20µm ■ Pitch: 500µm ±50µm ■ Coplanarity: 50µm max ■ * Back coating height: 100µm ±10µm * Optional 100µm 600µm Figure 68. Daisy chain mechanical data 1.6mm 3 1.6mm 2 1 A B C The daisy chain sample features two-by-two pin connections. The schematics in Figure 68 illustrate the way pins connect to each other. This sample is used to test continuity on your board. Your PCB needs to be designed the opposite way, so that pins that are unconnected in the daisy chain sample, are connected on your PCB. If you do this, by simply connecting an Ohmmeter between pin A1 and pin A3, the soldering process continuity can be tested. 25/32 Package information TS4990 Figure 69. TS4990 footprint recommendations 75µm min. 100μm max. 500μm 500μm Track Φ=400μm typ. 150μm min. Φ=340μm min. 500μm 500μm Φ=250μm Non Solder mask opening Pad in Cu 18μm with Flash NiAu (2-6μm, 0.2μm max.) Figure 70. Tape and reel specification (top view) 1.5 4 1 1 A Die size Y + 70µm A 8 Die size X + 70µm 4 All dimensions are in mm User direction of feed Device orientation The devices are oriented in the carrier pocket with pin number A1 adjacent to the sprocket holes. 26/32 TS4990 5.2 Package information MiniSO-8 package information Figure 71. MiniSO-8 package mechanical drawing Table 8. MiniSO-8 package mechanical data Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. Typ. A Inches Max. Min. Typ. 1.1 A1 0 A2 0.75 b Max. 0.043 0.15 0 0.95 0.030 0.22 0.40 0.009 0.016 c 0.08 0.23 0.003 0.009 D 2.80 3.00 3.20 0.11 0.118 0.126 E 4.65 4.90 5.15 0.183 0.193 0.203 E1 2.80 3.00 3.10 0.11 0.118 0.122 e L 0.85 0.65 0.40 0.60 0.006 0.033 0.026 0.80 0.016 0.024 L1 0.95 0.037 L2 0.25 0.010 k ccc 0° 0.037 8° 0.10 0° 0.031 8° 0.004 27/32 Package information TS4990 5.3 DFN8 package information Note: DFN8 exposed pad (E2 x D2) is connected to pin number 7. For enhanced thermal performance, the exposed pad must be soldered to a copper area on the PCB, acting as a heatsink. This copper area can be electrically connected to pin7 or left floating. Figure 72. DFN8 3x3x0.90mm package mechanical drawing (pitch 0.5mm) Table 9. DFN8 3x3x0.90mm package mechanical data (pitch 0.5mm) Dimensions Ref. A Millimeters Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 0.80 0.90 1.00 31.5 35.4 39.4 0.02 0.05 0.8 2.0 0.65 0.80 25.6 31.5 A1 A2 0.55 A3 217 0.20 7.9 b 0.18 0.25 0.30 7.1 9.8 11.8 D 2.85 3.00 3.15 112.2 118.1 124 D2 2.20 2.70 86.6 E 2.85 3.15 112.2 E2 1.40 1.75 55.1 e L ddd 28/32 Mils 3.00 0.50 0.30 0.40 106.3 118.1 124 68.9 19.7 0.50 0.08 11.8 15.7 19.7 3.1 TS4990 5.4 Package information SO-8 package information Figure 73. SO-8 package mechanical drawing Table 10. SO-8 package mechanical data Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. Typ. A Inches Max. Min. Typ. 1.75 0.069 A1 0.10 A2 1.25 b 0.28 0.48 0.011 0.019 c 0.17 0.23 0.007 0.010 D 4.80 4.90 5.00 0.189 0.193 0.197 H 5.80 6.00 6.20 0.228 0.236 0.244 E1 3.80 3.90 4.00 0.150 0.154 0.157 e 0.25 Max. 0.004 0.010 0.049 1.27 0.050 h 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.020 L 0.40 1.27 0.016 0.050 k 1° 8° 1° 8° ccc 0.10 0.004 29/32 Ordering information 6 TS4990 Ordering information Table 11. Order codes Order code Temperature range Package Packing Marking TS4990IJT TS4990EIJT(1) Flip chip, 9 bumps Tape & reel 90 TSDC05IJT TSDC05EIJT(2) Flip chip, 9 bumps Tape & reel DC3 MiniSO-8 Tape & reel K990 DFN8 Tape & reel K990 FC + back coating Tape & reel 90 SO-8 Tube or Tape & reel TS4990I TS4990IST -40°C, +85°C TS4990IQT TS4990EKIJT TS4990ID TS4990IDT 1. Lead-free Flip chip part number. 2. Lead free daisy chain part number. 30/32 TS4990 7 Revision history Revision history Table 12. Document revision history Date Revision 1-Jul-2002 1 First release. 4-Sep-2003 2 Update mechanical data. 1-Oct-2004 3 Order code for back coating on flip-chip. 2-Apr-2005 4 Typography error on page 1: Mini-SO-8 pin connection. May-2005 5 New marking for assembly code plant. 1-Jul-2005 6 Error on Table 4 on page 5. Parameters in wrong column. 28-Sep-2005 7 Updated mechanical coplanarity data to 50µm (instead of 60µm) (see Figure 67 on page 25). 14-Mar-2006 8 SO-8 package inserted in the datasheet. 21-Jul-2006 9 Update of Figure 66 on page 24. Disclaimer update. 10 Corrected value of PSRR in Table 5 on page 6 from 1 to 61 (typical value). Moved Table 3: Component descriptions to Section 2: Typical application schematics on page 4. Merged daisy chain flip-chip order code table into Table 11: Order codes on page 30. 17-Jan-2008 11 Corrected pitch error in DFN8 package information. Actual pitch is 0.5mm. Updated DFN8 package dimensions to correspond to JEDEC databook definition (in previous versions of datasheet, package dimensions were as in manufacturer’s drawing). Corrected error in MiniSO-8 package information (L and L1 values were inverted). Reformatted package information. 21-May-2008 12 Corrected value of output resistance vs. ground in standby mode: removed from Table 2, and added in Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6. 11-May-2007 Changes 31/32 TS4990 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. 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