MC81F4x32 ABOV SEMICONDUCTOR 8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCONTROLLERS MC81F4x32 MC81F4332 M/G/D/K MC81F4432 K/Q User’s Manual (Ver. 1.35) October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 1 MC81F4x32 Version 1.35 Published by FAE Team 2008 ABOV Semiconductor Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Additional information of this manual may be served by ABOV Semiconductor offices in Korea or Distributors. ABOV Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes to any information here in at any time without notice. The information, diagrams and other data in this manual are correct and reliable; however, ABOV Semiconductor is in no way responsible for any violations of patents or other rights of the third party generated by the use of this manual. 2 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 REVISION HISTORY VERSION 1.34 (October 19, 2009) This book Add a note about SCK port at R0CONM register description. Change EVA.board picture. (the board‟s color is changed from blue to green) VERSION 1.34 (September 30, 2009) Correct the duty equation of PMW0/1. Add more tools at “1.3 Development Tools”. VERSION 1.33 (September 18, 2009) Add more descriptions at PWM function descriptions. VERSION 1.32 (September 4, 2009) Remove rising/falling time at LVR electrical characteristics. Change „1.83v‟ to “POR level” in POR description. Add POR level at “DC CHARACTERISTICS”. The package diagram of 44 MQFP is corrected. Add ROM option read timing information. Add “Typical Characteristics”. VERSION 1.21 (July 7, 2009) “Figure 25-5 IIC Salve Receiving Timing Diagram” is modified. “29.3 Hardware Conditions to Enter the ISP Mode” is updated. Notes of R35 port control registers are updated. VERSION 1.2 (June 29, 2009) Change the representative name from „MC81F4432‟ to „MC81F4x32‟. Remove „WDT‟ at “Stop release” description. „WDT‟ is not a release source of STOP mode. Add „Watch Timer‟ at stop release source at “Peripheral Operation During Power Saving Mode“ table in “Sleep vs Stop” chapter. Change “fxin” to “fbuz” at buzzer frequency calculation in “BUZZER” chapter. VERSION 1.1 (June 15, 2009) Add rom writing endurance at features. VERSION 1.0 (June 15, 2009) Remove “preliminary”. Some errata are fixed. (I2C -> IIC, IICSDR->IICSCR) Remove “R57, R56, R55, R54” in R5 port data register table. Add “Buzzer frequency table”. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 3 MC81F4x32 VERSION 0.61 Preliminary (April 28, 2009) Delete a note1 at ‟22.5 recommended circuit‟ VERSION 0.6 Preliminary (April 16, 2009) Add a sub-chapter „Changing the stabilizing time‟ at the chapter „Power down operation‟. Add a note for R33/R34 ports after R3CONH description. One of BIT‟s clock source „2048‟ is changed to „1024‟. VERSION 0.5 Preliminary (April 7, 2009) Description of SIO procedure is updated. Description of ISP chapter is updated. VERSION 0.4 Preliminary (April 1, 2009) Chapter „7.ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS‟ is updated. VERSION 0.3 Preliminary (March 19, 2009) The SCLK pin for ISP is moved to R11 port. VERSION 0.2 Preliminary (March 5, 2009) The SCLK pin for ISP is moved to R14 port. Note for ADC recommended circuit is changed. Change 44MQFP package diagram. VERSION 0.1 Preliminary (February 12, 2009) Update the chapter „6. PORT STRUCTURE‟. Update the chapter „7. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS‟. Update the chapter ‟29. IN SYSTEM PROGRAMMING‟. VERSION 0.0 Preliminary (December 19, 2008) 4 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 TABLE OF CONTENTS REVISION HISTORY .............................................................................................................................. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................... 5 1. OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Description .................................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Features ........................................................................................................................................ 9 1.3 Development Tools ..................................................................................................................... 10 1.4 Ordering Information ................................................................................................................... 11 2. BLOCK DIAGRAM ............................................................................................................................ 12 3. PIN ASSIGNMENT ........................................................................................................................... 13 3.1 44 MQFP..................................................................................................................................... 13 3.2 42 SDIP....................................................................................................................................... 14 3.3 32 SDIP/SOP .............................................................................................................................. 14 3.4 28 SKDIP/SOP ........................................................................................................................... 15 3.5 Summary..................................................................................................................................... 16 4. PACKAGE DIAGRAM ....................................................................................................................... 18 4.1 44 MQFP - MC81F4432Q........................................................................................................... 18 4.2 42 SDIP - MC81F4432K ............................................................................................................. 18 4.3 32 SDIP - MC81F4332K ............................................................................................................. 19 4.4 32 SOP - MC81F4332D.............................................................................................................. 19 4.5 28 SKDIP - MC81F4332G .......................................................................................................... 20 4.6 28 SOP - MC81F4332M ............................................................................................................. 20 5. PIN DESCRIPTION........................................................................................................................... 21 6. PORT STRUCTURE ......................................................................................................................... 25 7. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................. 29 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ........................................................................................................ 29 7.2 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITION ........................................................................... 29 7.3 A/D CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS) .................................................................................. 30 7.4 DC CHARACTERISTICS............................................................................................................ 31 7.5 DC CHARACTERISTICS(continued) ......................................................................................... 32 7.6 Input/output Capacitance ............................................................................................................ 32 7.7 Serial I/O Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 33 7.8 Data Retention Voltage in Stop Mode ........................................................................................ 34 7.9 LVR (Low Voltage Reset) Electrical Characteristics .................................................................. 36 7.10 UART Timing Characteristics ................................................................................................... 36 7.11 IIC Timing Characteristics......................................................................................................... 38 7.12 Main clock Oscillator Characteristics ........................................................................................ 39 7.13 External RC Oscillation Characteristics .................................................................................... 39 7.14 Internal RC Oscillation Characteristics ..................................................................................... 40 7.15 Sub clock Oscillator Characteristics ......................................................................................... 40 7.16 Main Oscillation Stabilization Time ........................................................................................... 40 7.17 Sub Oscillation Stabilization Time ............................................................................................ 41 7.18 Operating Voltage Range ......................................................................................................... 42 7.19 Typical Characteristics.............................................................................................................. 43 8. ROM OPTION ................................................................................................................................... 47 8.1 Rom Option ................................................................................................................................. 47 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 5 MC81F4x32 8.2 Read Timing................................................................................................................................ 48 9. MEMORY ORGANIZATION.............................................................................................................. 49 9.1 Registers ..................................................................................................................................... 49 9.2 Program Memory ........................................................................................................................ 52 9.3 Data Memory .............................................................................................................................. 55 9.4 User Memory .............................................................................................................................. 55 9.5 Stack Area .................................................................................................................................. 56 9.6 Control Registers ( SFR ) ........................................................................................................... 56 9.7 Addressing modes ...................................................................................................................... 61 10. I/O PORTS ...................................................................................................................................... 68 10.1 R0 Port Registers ..................................................................................................................... 70 10.2 R1 Port Registers ..................................................................................................................... 74 10.3 R2 Port Registers ..................................................................................................................... 78 10.4 R3 Port Registers ..................................................................................................................... 81 10.5 R4 Port Registers ..................................................................................................................... 83 10.6 R5 Port ...................................................................................................................................... 85 11. INTERRUTP CONTROLLER .......................................................................................................... 86 11.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................... 87 11.2 Interrupt Sequence ................................................................................................................... 92 11.3 BRK Interrupt ............................................................................................................................ 94 11.4 Shared Interrupt Vector ............................................................................................................ 94 11.5 Multi Interrupt ............................................................................................................................ 95 11.6 Interrupt Vector & Priority Table ............................................................................................... 96 12. EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS ............................................................................................................. 97 12.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................... 97 12.2 Procedure ............................................................................................................................... 100 13. CLOCK GENERATOR .................................................................................................................. 101 13.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 102 14. OSCILLATION CIRCUITS ............................................................................................................ 103 14.1 Main Oscillation Circuits ......................................................................................................... 103 14.2 Sub Oscillation Circuits ........................................................................................................... 104 14.3 PCB Layout ............................................................................................................................. 105 15. BASIC INTERVAL TIMER............................................................................................................. 106 15.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 107 16. WATCH DOG TIMER.................................................................................................................... 108 16.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 109 17. WATCH TIMER ............................................................................................................................. 110 17.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 111 18. Timer 0/1 ....................................................................................................................................... 112 18.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 112 18.2 Timer 0 8-Bit Mode ................................................................................................................. 116 18.3 Timer 1 8-Bit Mode ................................................................................................................. 119 18.4 Timer 0 16-BIT Mode .............................................................................................................. 121 19. Timer 2/3 ....................................................................................................................................... 124 19.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 124 19.2 Timer 2 8-Bit Mode ................................................................................................................. 129 19.3 Timer 3 8-Bit Mode ................................................................................................................. 131 19.4 Timer 2 16-Bit Mode ............................................................................................................... 133 6 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 20. High Speed PWM.......................................................................................................................... 135 20.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 137 21. BUZZER ........................................................................................................................................ 139 21.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 140 21.2 Frequency table ...................................................................................................................... 141 22. 12-BIT ADC ................................................................................................................................... 142 22.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 143 22.2 Procedure ............................................................................................................................... 144 22.3 Conversion Timing .................................................................................................................. 144 22.4 Internal Reference Voltage ..................................................................................................... 145 22.5 Recommended Circuit ............................................................................................................ 145 23. SERIAL I/O INTERFACE .............................................................................................................. 146 23.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 147 23.2 Procedure ............................................................................................................................... 148 24. UART............................................................................................................................................. 149 24.1 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 150 24.2 Modes and Procedures........................................................................................................... 152 24.3 Baud rate calculations ............................................................................................................ 157 24.4 Muti-processor Communication .............................................................................................. 158 24.5 Interrupt................................................................................................................................... 159 25. SLAVE IIC ..................................................................................................................................... 160 25.1 Roles ....................................................................................................................................... 160 25.2 Registers ................................................................................................................................. 160 25.3 Message format ...................................................................................................................... 163 25.4 Procedure ............................................................................................................................... 165 26. RESET .......................................................................................................................................... 167 26.1 Reset Process ........................................................................................................................ 167 26.2 Reset Sources ........................................................................................................................ 168 26.3 External Reset ........................................................................................................................ 168 26.4 Watch Dog Timer Reset ......................................................................................................... 168 26.5 Power On Reset ..................................................................................................................... 169 26.6 Low Voltage Reset .................................................................................................................. 169 27. POWER DOWN OPERATION ...................................................................................................... 170 27.1 Sleep Mode ............................................................................................................................. 170 27.2 Stop Mode............................................................................................................................... 172 27.3 Sleep vs Stop .......................................................................................................................... 175 27.4 Changing the stabilizing time .................................................................................................. 176 27.5 Minimizing Current Consumption ........................................................................................... 176 28. EMULATOR .................................................................................................................................. 178 29. IN SYSTEM PROGRAMMING ...................................................................................................... 181 29.1 Getting Started ........................................................................................................................ 181 29.2 Basic ISP S/W Information ..................................................................................................... 182 29.3 Hardware Conditions to Enter the ISP Mode.......................................................................... 184 29.4 Entering ISP mode at power on time ...................................................................................... 185 29.5 USB-SIO-ISP Board ............................................................................................................... 186 30. INSTRUCTION SET ...................................................................................................................... 187 30.1 Terminology List ..................................................................................................................... 187 30.2 Instruction Map ....................................................................................................................... 188 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 7 MC81F4x32 30.3 Instruction Set ......................................................................................................................... 189 8 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 MC81F4x32 8 bit MCU with 12-bit A/D Converter 1. OVERVIEW 1.1 Description MC81F4x32 is a CMOS 8 bit MCU which provides a 32K bytes FLASH-ROM and 512 bytes RAM. It has following major features, 12 bit ADC : It has 15 ch A/D Converter which can be used to measure minute electronic voltage and currents. 810 Core : Same with ABOV‟s 800 Core but twice faster. 800 Core use a divided system clock but 810 Core use a system clock directly Power Consumption – Sub Active Mode : To decrease the power consumption, It can be operated with sub clock( 32.768KHz ). 1.2 Features ROM (FLASH) : 32K Bytes (Endurance: 100 cycle) SRAM : 1K Bytes 12 Bit A/D Converter : 15 ch Interrupt Sources Minimum Instruction Execution Time 166nsec (@12MHz 2 Cycle NOP Instruction) Power down mode IDLE, STOP, SLEEP mode Sub-Active mode External interrupts(EXT0~11) : 12ch Timer0~3 Match/overflow : 8ch WDT, BIT, WT : 3ch SIO,UART(Tx/Rx), IIC : 4ch Power On Reset (POR) (Operates at 32.768KHz sub clock) General Purpose I/O (GPIO) 44-pin PKG : 42 ports Reset release level (detect only rising) Low Voltage Reset (LVR) 4 level detector (4.0V, 3.0V, 2.7V, 2.4V) 42-pin PKG : 40 ports Operating Voltage & Frequency 32-pin PKG : 30 ports 2.2V – 5.5V : 1.0 - 4.2 MHz 28-pin PKG : 26 ports 2.7V – 5.5V : 1.0 - 8.0 MHz SIO : 1ch Uart : 1ch 4.0V – 5.5V : 1.0 – 12.0 MHz Operating Temperature IIC slave : 1ch - 40°C ~ 85°C Timer/ Counter Oscillator Type 8Bit × 4ch (or 16Bit x 2ch) PWM Crystal, Ceramic, RC On-Chip RC-Oscillator (8/4/2/1MHz) (8Bit x 2ch or 16Bit x 1ch) + 10Bit × 3ch Buzzer : 27ch : 1ch ( 244 ~ 250KHz @8MHz ) Watch Timer (WT) : 8Bit × 1ch PKG Type 44MQFP, 42SDIP, 32SDIP/SOP, 28 SKDIP/SOP Basic Interval Timer (BIT) : 8Bit × 1ch Watch Dog Timer (WDT) : 8Bit × 1ch October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 9 MC81F4x32 1.3 Development Tools The MC81F4x32 is supported by a full-featured macro assembler, C-Compiler, an in-circuit emulator TM CHOICE-Dr. , FALSH programmers and ISP tools. There are two different type of programmers such as single type and gang type. For more detail, Macro assembler operates under the MSWindows 95 and up versioned Windows OS. And HMS800C compiler only operates under the MSWindows 2000 and up versioned Windows OS. Please contact sales part of ABOV semiconductor. And you can see more information at ( http://www.abov.co.kr ) Figure 1-1 PGMplusUSB ( Single Writer ) Figure 1-5 StandAlone Gang4 ( for Mass Production ) Figure 1-2 SIO ISP ( In System Programmer ) Figure 1-6 StandAlone Gang8 ( for Mass Production ) Figure 1-3 StandAlone ISP (VDD power is not supplied) Figure 1-7 Choice-Dr ( Emulator ) Figure 1-4 Ez-ISP (VDD supplied Standalone type ISP) 10 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 1.4 Ordering Information Device Name FLASH ROM RAM Package MC81F4332M 28_SOP MC81F4332G 28_SKDIP MC81F4332D 32_SOP 32K Bytes 512 Bytes MC81F4332K 32_SDIP MC81F4432K 42_SDIP MC81F4432Q 44_MQFP October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 11 MC81F4x32 2. BLOCK DIAGRAM SXin RESET SXout EXT0/AN0/R02/EC0 AN1/R03/T0O/PWM0O/EXT1 8-bit Timer/Counter0 EXT2/AN2/SCK/R04/EC1 AN3/SI/R05/T1O/PWM1O/EXT3 8-bit Timer/Counter1 EXT4/AN4/SO/R06/EC2 AN5/R07/T2O/EXT5 8-bit Timer/Counter2 EXT7/AN6/R11/PWM2O EXT8/BUZO/AN7/R12/PWM3O EXT9/AN8/R13/PWM4O Vref/R10/EXT6 EXT8/AN7/PWM3O/R12/BUZO High Speed PWM Xin Xout VDD VSS SIO Port I/O and EXTerrupt Control Sxin/EXT10/R00 Sxout/EXT11/R01 EC0/EXT0/AN0/R02 PWM0O/T0O/EXT1/AN1/R03 EC1/EXT2/SCK/AN2/R04 PWM1O/T1O/EXT3/SI/AN3/R05 EC2/EXT4/SO/AN4/R06 T2O/EXT5/AN5/R07 UART RxD/R14 TxD/R15 IIC SCL/R17 SDA/R16 8-bit Timer/Counter3 BUZZER LVR (POR) Basic Timer/ Watchdog Timer Watch Timer A/D Converter G810 CPU Port 0 Port 5 EXT6/Vref/R10 PWM2O/EXT7/AN6/R11 BUZO/PWM3O/EXT8/AN7/R12 PWM4O/EXT9/AN8/R13 RxD/R14 TxD/R15 SDA/R16 SCL/R17 Port 1 AN9/R20 R21 – R24 AN10/R25 AN11/R26 AN12/R27 Port 2 32K x 8-bit ROM 1k x 8-bit RAM SCK/R04/AN2/EXT2/EC1 SI/R05/AN3/EXT3/T1O/PWM1O SO/R06/AN4/EXT4/EC2 AN0/R02/EC0/EXT0 AN1/R03/T0O/PWM0O/EXT1 AN2/R04/SCK/EC1/EXT2 AN3/R05/SI/T1O/PWM1O/EXT3 AN4/R06/SO/EC2/EXT4 AN5/R07/T2O/EXT5 AN6/R11/PWM2O/EXT7 AN7/R12/PWM3O/EXT8/BUZO AN8/R13/PWM4O/EXT9 AN9/R20 AN10/R25 AN11/R26 AN12/R27 AN13/R30 AN14/R31 Vref/R10/EXT6 R50 – R51 R52 – R53 Port 4 R40 – R41 R42 – R43 R44 – R45 R46 – R47 Port 3 R30/AN13 R31/AN14 R32 R33/Xout R34/Xin R35/RESETB Figure 2-1 System Block Diagram 12 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 3. PIN ASSIGNMENT 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 R06/AN4/EXT4/SO/EC2 R05/AN3/EXT3/SI/T1O/PWM1O R04/AN2/EXT2/SCK/EC1 R44 R43 R42 R41 R40 R03/AN1/EXT1/T0O/PWM0O R02/AN0/EXT0/EC0 SXout/R01/EXT11 3.1 44 MQFP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 MC81F4432 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 SXin/R00/EXT10 Vss RESETB/R35/Vpp Xin/R34 Xout/R33 R53 R52 R51 R50 R32 R31/AN14 SDA/R16 SCL/R17 AN9/R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 AN10/R25 AN11/R26 AN12/R27 AN13/R30 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 (SDATA) T2O/EXT5/AN5/R07 VDD Vref/EXT6/R10 (SCLK) PWM2O/EXT7/AN6/R11 R45 R46 R47 BUZO/PWM3O/EXT8/AN7/R12 PWM4O/EXT9/AN8/R13 RxD/R14 TxD/R15 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 13 MC81F4x32 3.2 42 SDIP R43 R44 EC1/SCK/EXT2/AN2/R04 T1O/PWM1O/SI/EXT3/AN3/R05 EC2/SO/EXT4/AN4/R06 (SDATA) T2O/EXT5/AN5/R07 VDD Vref /EXT6/R10 (SCLK) PWM2O/EXT7/AN6/R11 R45 R46 R47 BUZO/PWM3O/EXT8/AN7/R12 PWM4O/EXT9/AN8/R13 RxD/R14 TxD/R15 SDA/R16 SCL/R17 AN9/R20 R21 R22 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 MC81F4432 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 R42 R41 R40 R03/AN1/EXT1/T0O/PWM0O R02/AN0/EXT0/EC0 SXout/R01/EXT11 SXin/R00/EXT10 Vss RESETB/R35/Vpp Xin/R34 Xout/R33 R51 R50 R32 R31/AN14 R30/AN13 R27/AN12 R26/AN11 R25/AN10 R24 R23 3.3 32 SDIP/SOP EC1/SCK/EXT2/AN2/R04 PWM1O/T1O/SI/EXT3/AN3/R05 EC2/SO/EXT4/AN4/R06 (SDATA) T2O/EXT5/AN5/R07 VDD Vref/EXT6/R10 (SCLK) PWM2O/EXT7/AN6/R11 BUZO/PWM3O/EXT8/AN7/R12 PWM4O/EXT9/AN8/R13 RxD/R14 TxD/R15 SDA/R16 SCL/R17 AN9/R20 R21 R22 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 MC81F4432 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 R03/AN1/EXT1/T0O/PWM0O R02/AN0/EXT0/EC0 SXout/R01/EXT11 SXin/R00/EXT10 Vss RESETB/R35/VPP Xin/R34 Xout/R33 R32 R31/AN14 R30/AN13 R27/AN12 R26/AN11 R25/AN10 R24 R23 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 3.4 28 SKDIP/SOP EC1/SCK/EXT2/AN2/R04 PWM1O/T1O/SI/EXT3/AN3/R05 EC2/SO/EXT4/AN4/R06 (SDATA) T2O/EXT5/AN5/R07 VDD Vref/EXT6/R10 (SCLK) PWM2O/EXT7/AN6/R11 BUZO/PWM3O/EXT8/AN7/R12 PWM4O/EXT9/AN8/R13 RxD/R14 TxD/R15 SDA/R16 SCL/R17 AN9/R20 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 MC81F4432 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 R03/AN1/EXT1/T0O/PWM0O R02/AN0/EXT0/EC0 SXout/R01/EXT11 SXin/R00/EXT10 Vss RESETB/R35/VPP Xin/R34 Xout/R33 R32 R31/AN14 R30/AN13 R27/AN12 R26/AN11 R25/AN10 15 MC81F4x32 3.5 Summary Pin number I/O 44pin 42pin 32pin 28pin Pin status at RESET Alternative functions R00 EXT10/SXin 33 36 29 25 input R01 EXT11/SXout 34 37 30 26 input R02 AN0/EXT0/EC0/ 35 38 31 27 input R03 AN1/EXT1/T0O/PWM0O 36 39 32 28 input R04 AN2/EXT2/EC1/SCK 42 3 1 1 input R05 AN3/EXT3/SI/T1O/PWM1O 43 4 2 2 input R06 AN4/EXT4/EC2/SO 44 5 3 3 input R07 AN5/EXT5/T2O 1 6 4 4 input R10 Vref/EXT6 3 8 6 6 input R11 AN6/EXT7/PWM2O 4 9 7 7 input R12 AN7/EXT8/PWM3O/BUZO 8 13 8 8 input R13 AN8/EXT9/PWM4O 9 14 9 9 Open-drain output R14 RxD 10 15 10 10 Open-drain output R15 TxD 11 16 11 11 Open-drain output R16 SDA 12 17 12 12 Open-drain output R17 SCL 13 18 13 13 Open-drain output R20 AN9 14 19 14 14 Open-drain output R21 - 15 20 15 x Open-drain output R22 - 16 21 16 x Open-drain output R23 - 17 22 17 x Open-drain output R24 - 18 23 18 x Open-drain output R25 AN10 19 24 19 15 Open-drain output R26 AN11 20 25 20 16 Open-drain output R27 AN12 21 26 21 17 Open-drain output R30 AN13 22 27 22 18 Open-drain output R31 AN14 23 28 23 19 Open-drain output 24 29 24 20 Open-drain output R32 - R33 Xout 29 32 25 21 input R34 Xin 30 33 26 22 input R35 RESETB 31 34 27 23 input 16 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 Pin number I/O 44pin 42pin 32pin 28pin Pin status at RESET Alternative functions R40 - 37 40 x x Open-drain output R41 - 38 41 x x Open-drain output R42 - 39 42 x x Open-drain output R43 - 40 1 x x Open-drain output R44 - 41 2 x x Open-drain output R45 - 5 10 x x Open-drain output R46 - 6 11 x x Open-drain output R47 - 7 12 x x Open-drain output R50 - 25 30 x x Open-drain output R51 - 26 31 x x Open-drain output R52 - 27 x x x Open-drain output R53 - 28 x x x Open-drain output VDD - 2 7 5 5 - VSS - 32 35 28 24 - Note : Some pins are initialized by open-drain output mode, when the device is reset. Because the pins are hided in 16 pin package and it is stable that hided pins are be in open-drain-output mode. The reset status of MC81F4x32 is designed under consideration of 16 pin package of MC81F4204. Because MC81F4204 is a reduced version of MC81F4x32. (So the Eva.board(emulator) is shared) October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 17 MC81F4x32 4. PACKAGE DIAGRAM 4.1 44 MQFP - MC81F4432Q 4.2 42 SDIP - MC81F4432K 18 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 4.3 32 SDIP - MC81F4332K 4.4 32 SOP - MC81F4332D October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 19 MC81F4x32 4.5 28 SKDIP - MC81F4332G 4.6 28 SOP - MC81F4332M 20 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 5. PIN DESCRIPTION Pin Names I/O Function Shared with R00 SXin/EXT10 R01 SXout/EXT11 R02 AN0/EC0/EXT0 R03 R04 I/O R05 This port is a 1-bit programmable I/O pin. Schmitt trigger input, Push-pull, or Open-drain output port. When used as an input port, a Pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. AN1/T0O/ PWM0O/EXT1 AN2/EC1/SCK/ EXT2 AN3/SI/EXT3/ T1O/PWM1O R06 AN4/EC2/SO/ EXT4 R07 AN5/T2O/EXT5 R10 Vref/EXT6 R11 AN6/PWM2O/ EXT7 R12 R13 I/O R14 This port is a 1-bit programmable I/O pin. Schmitt trigger input, Push-pull, or Open-drain output port. When used as an input port, a Pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. AN7/PWM3O/ BUZO/EXT8 AN8/PWM4O/ EXT9 RxD R15 TxD R16 SDA R17 SCL R20 AN9 R21 – R22 R23 R24 I/O R25 This port is a 1-bit programmable I/O pin. Input, Push-pull, or Open-drain output port. When used as an input port, a Pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. – – – AN10 R26 AN11 R27 AN12 R30 AN13 R31 R32 R33 R34 I/O This port is a 1-bit programmable I/O pin. Input, Push-pull, or Open-drain output port. When used as an input port, a Pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. R35 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 AN14 – Xout Xin RESETB 21 MC81F4x32 Pin Names I/O Shared with R40 – R41 – R42 R43 R44 I/O R45 This port is a 1-bit programmable I/O pin. Input, Push-pull, or Open-drain output port. When used as an input port, a Pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. – – – – R46 – R47 – R50 R51 R52 I/O R53 This port is a 1-bit programmable I/O pin. Input, Push-pull, or Open-drain output port. When used as an input port, a Pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. – – – – EXT0 I/O External interrupt input R02/AN0/EC0 EXT1 I/O External interrupt input/Timer 0 capture input R03/AN1/T0O/ PWM0O EXT2 I/O External interrupt input R04/AN2/SCK/ EC1 EXT3 I/O External interrupt input/Timer 1 capture input R05/AN3/SI/ T1O/PWM1O EXT4 I/O External interrupt input R06/AN4/SO/ EC2 EXT5 I/O External interrupt input/Timer 2 capture input R07/AN5/T2O EXT6 I/O External interrupt input/Timer 3 capture input R10/Vref EXT7 R11/AN6/ PWM2O EXT8 R12/AN7/ PWM3O/BUZO I/O 22 Function External interrupt input EXT9 R13/AN8/ PWM4O EXT10 R00/SXin EXT11 R01/SXout T0O I/O Timer 0 clock output R03/AN1/EXT1/ PWM0O PWM0O I/O PWM 0 clock output R03/AN1/EXT1/ T0O EC0 I/O Timer 0 event count input R02/AN0/EXT0 T1O I/O Timer 1 clock output R05/AN3/EXT3/ SI/PWM1O PWM1O I/O PWM 1 clock output R05/AN3/EXT3/ SI/T1O EC1 I/O Timer 1 event count input R04/AN2/SCK/ EXT2 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 Pin Names I/O Function Shared with T2O I/O Timer 2 clock output R07/AN5/EXT5 EC2 I/O Timer 2 event count input R06/AN4/SO/ EXT4 PWM2O I/O PWM 2 data output R11/AN6/EXT7 PWM3O I/O PWM 3 data output R12/AN7/EXT8/ BUZO PWM4O I/O PWM 4 data output R13/AN8/EXT9 BUZO I/O Buzzer signal output R12/AN7/ PWM3O/EXT8 AN0 R02/EXT0/EC0 AN1 R03/EXT1/T0O/ PWM0O AN2 R04/EXT2/SCK /EC1 AN3 R05/EXT3/SI/ T1O/PWM1O AN4 R06/EXT4/SO/ EC2 AN5 R07/EXT5/T2O AN6 I/O ADC input pins R11/EXT7/ PWM2O AN7 R12/EXT8/ PWM3O/BUZO AN8 R13/EXT9/ PWM4O AN9 R20 AN10 R25 AN11 R26 AN12 R27 AN13 R30 AN14 R31 RxD I/O UART data input R14 TxD I/O UART data output R15 SCL I/O IIC-bus clock input R17 SDA I/O IIC-bus data input/output R16 SCK I/O Serial clock input R04/AN2/EC1/ EXT2 SI I/O Serial data input R05/AN3/EXT3/ T1O/PWM1O SO I/O Serial data output R06/AN4/EC2/ EXT4 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 23 MC81F4x32 Pin Names I/O Function Shared with RESETB I System reset pin R35 XIN – XOUT – SXIN SXOUT 24 – VDD – VSS – VREF – Main oscillator pins Sub oscillator pins Power input pins A/D converter reference voltage R34 R33 R00/EXT10 R01/EXT11 – – R10/EXT6 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 6. PORT STRUCTURE [Schmitt trigger In] + [Out/Open-drain-out] + [Xin/Xout] VDD Pull-up Enable VDD OPENDRAIN I/O *Output data* Output Disable *Input data* OSCS ROM Option *Xin/Xout* Input/Output data R33 R34 Clock Xin Xout [Schmitt trigger In] + [Out/Open-drain-out] + [SXin/SXout] VDD Pull-up Enable VDD OPENDRAIN I/O *Output data* Output Disable *Input data* OSCS R0CONL *Sxin/Sxout* Input/Output data R00 R01 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 Input data EXT10 EXT11 Clock SXin SXout 25 MC81F4x32 [Schmitt trigger In] + [Out / Open-drain-out] + [ADC] VDD Pull-up Enable VDD OPENDRAIN I/O *Output data* Output Disable ADC enable ADC select *Input data* *ADC* Input/Output data R02 R03 R04 R05 R06 R07 R10 R11 R12 R13 Input data EXT0 / EC0 EXT1 EXT2/SCK/EC1 EXT3/SI EXT4/EC2 EXT5 EXT6 EXT7 EXT8 EXT9 Output data T0O/PWM0O SCK T1O/PWM1O SO T2O PWM2O PWM3O/BUZO PWM4O ADC AN0 AN1 AN2 AN3 AN4 AN5 Vref AN6 AN7 AN8 [Schmitt trigger In] + [Out / Open-drain-out] VDD Pull-up Enable VDD OPENDRAIN I/O *Output data* Output Disable *Input data* Input/Output data R14 R15 R16 R17 26 Input data RxD SDA - Output data TxD SCL October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x32 [Input] + [Out / Open-drain-out] + [ADC] VDD Pull-up Enable VDD OPENDRAIN I/O *Output data* Output Disable ADC enable ADC select *Input data* *ADC* Input/Output data R20 R25 R26 R27 R30 R31 Input data - Output data - ADC AN9 AN10 AN11 AN12 AN13 AN14 [Input] + [Out/Open-drain out] VDD Pull-up Enable VDD OPENDRAIN I/O *Output data* Output Disable *Input data* Input/Output data R21 R22 R23 R24 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 Input/Output data R32 Input/Output data R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R46 R47 Input/Output data R50 R51 R52 R53 27 MC81F4x32 [Schmitt trigger In] + [Open-drain-out] + [Reset] LVREN Input data I/O Data Output Disable Internal RESET LVREN R35/RESETB 28 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x16 7. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Supply Voltage Normal Voltage Pin Total Power Dissipation Storage Temperature Symbol Ratings Unit VDD -0.3 – +6.0 V VI -0.3 – VDD+0.3 V VO -0.3 – VDD+0.3 V IOH -10 mA ΣIOH -80 mA IOL 60 mA ΣIOL 120 mA fXIN 600 mW TSTG -65 – +150 °C Note : Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 7.2 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITION Parameter Operating Voltage Operating Temperature Symbol VDD TOPR October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 Conditions Min Typ Max fxin = 1.0 – 4.2MHz 2.2 - 5.5 fxin = 1.0 – 8.0MHz 2.7 - 5.5 fxin = 1.0 – 12.0MHz 4.0 - 5.5 VDD = 2.2 – 5.5V -40 85 Units V °C 29 MC81F4x16 7.3 A/D CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS) (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, Vref = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS=0V) Parameter A/D converting Resolution Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units – – – 12 – bits – – 3 – – 2 – ±1 3 Integral Linearity Error ILE Differential Linearity Error DLE Vref = 5.12V, Offset Error of Top EOT Offset Error of Bottom EOB – ±1 3 Overall Accuracy – – ±3 ±5 Conversion time tCONV – 25 – – s Analog input voltage VAIN – VSS – Vref V AVref – 2.7 – 5.5 V IAIN VDD = Vref = 5V – – 10 A VDD = Vref = 5V – 1 3 VDD = Vref = 3V – 0.5 1.5 – 100 500 nA Analog Reference Voltage Analog input current Analog block current IAVDD VSS = 0V, TA = + 25 C VDD = Vref = 5V Power down mode BGR 30 LSB mA - VDD = 5v, TA = + 25 C - 1.67 - V - VDD = 4v, TA = + 25 C - 1.63 - V - VDD = 3v, TA = + 25 C - 1.62 - V October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x16 7.4 DC CHARACTERISTICS (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 – 5.0V, Vss=0V, fXIN=12MHz) Parameter Input High Voltage Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max VIH1 R0x, R1x, R33 – R35 VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V 0.8VDD – VDD+0.3 VIH2 All input pins except VIH1, VIH3, VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V 0.7VDD – VDD+0.3 0.8VDD – VDD+0.3 Xin, Xout, SXin, SXout VIH3 Input Low Voltage VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V VIL1 R0x, R1x, R33 – R35 VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V – 0.3 – 0.2VDD VIL2 All input pins except VIH1, VIH3, VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V – 0.3 – 0.3VDD – 0.3 – 0.2VDD VDD–1.0 – – Xin, Xout, SXin, SXout VIL3 VOH1 VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V All output ports except VOL2, IOH = – 2mA Units V V VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V Output High Voltage VOH2 VOL1 R4x, R5x IOH = – 10mA VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V All output ports except VOL2, IOL=15mA V VDD–2.0 VDD–1.5 – – – 2.0 VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V Output Low Voltage V VOL2 R4x, R5x IOL=60mA VDD = 4.5V – 5.5V – 1.5 2.0 Input high leakage current IIH R0x – R5x, Vin=VDD – – 1 uA Input low leakage current IIL R0x – R5x, Vin=Vss -1 – – uA VI=0V, TA=25 C, R0x – R5x except R35 25 50 100 VDD=5V Pull-up resistor RPU VI=0V, TA=25 C, R0x – R5x except R35 kΩ 50 100 200 VDD=3V October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 31 MC81F4x16 7.5 DC CHARACTERISTICS(continued) (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 – 5.0V, Vss=0V, fXIN=12MHz) Parameter Symbol Conditions Xin=VDD, Xout=VSS RX1 TA=25 C, VDD=5V OSC feedback resistor SXin=VDD, SXout=VSS RX2 TA=25 C, VDD=5V Min Typ Max 350 700 1500 Units MΩ 1800 3600 5400 – 8.0 15.0 Active mode, fx=12MHz, VDD=5V±10% IDD1 mA Crystal oscillator fx=8MHz, VDD=3V±10% – 3.0 6.0 – 2.0 4.0 Sleep mode, fx=12MHz, VDD=5V±10% ISLEEP1 mA Crystal oscillator fx=8MHz, VDD=3V±10% – 1.0 2.0 – 150.0 300.0 uA – 6.0 12.0 uA – 0.5 5.0 uA 2.1 V Supply current Active mode, IDD2 fx=32.768kHz, VDD=3V±10% Crystal oscillator, TA=25 C Sleep mode, ISLEEP2 fx=32.768kHz, VDD=3V±10% Crystal oscillator, TA=25 C Stop mode ISTOP VDD=5.5V, TA=25 C POR level 1.82 7.6 Input/output Capacitance (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 0 V) Parameter Input Capacitance Output Capacitance I/O Capacitance 32 Symbol CIN COUT CIO Conditions Min Typ Max Units – – 10 pF f=1MHz Unmeasured pins are connected Vss October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x16 7.7 Serial I/O Characteristics (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Parameter Symbol tKCY SCK cycle time tKH, tKL SCK high, low width SI setup time tSIK to SCK high SI hold time to SCK tKSI High Output delay for tKSO SCK to SOUT Conditions Min External SCK source 1,000 Internal SCK source 1,000 External SCK source 500 Internal SCK source tKCY/2–50 External SCK source 250 Internal SCK source 250 External SCK source 400 Internal SCK source 400 Typ Max Units nS nS – – nS nS External SCK source – – Internal SCK source 300 nS 250 Interrupt input, high, low width tINTH, tINTL All interrupt, VDD = 5 V 200 – – nS RESETB input low width tRSL Input, VDD = 5 V 10 – – uS tINTH tINTH 0.8 VDD External Interrupt 0.2 VDD Figure 7-1 Input Timing for External Interrupts tRSL RESETB 0.2 VDD October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 33 MC81F4x16 Figure 7-2 Input Timing for RESETB tINTH tINTH SCK 0.8 VDD 0.2 VDD tSIK tKSI 0.8 VDD SI 0.2 VDD tKSO SO Output Data Figure 7-3 Serial Interface Data Transfer Timing 7.8 Data Retention Voltage in Stop Mode (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Parameter Data retention supply voltage Data retention supply current 34 Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units VDDDR – 2.2 – 5.5 V – – 1 uA IDDDR VDDDR = 2.2V (TA = 25 C), Stop mode October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x16 IDLE Mode (Watchdog Timer Active) ~ ~ Stop Mode Normal Operating Mode Data Retention ~ ~ V DD V DDDR Execution of STOP Instruction 0.8VDD INT Request t WAIT NOTE: tWAIT is the same as 256 X 1/BT Clock Figure 7-4 Stop Mode Release Timing When Initiated by an Interrupt RESET Occurs ~ ~ Oscillation Stabillization Time Stop Mode Normal Operating Mode Data Retention ~ ~ VDD V DDDR RESETB Execution of STOP Instruction 0.8 VDD 0.2 VDD TWAIT NOTE: tWAIT is the same as 256 X 1024 X 1/fxx (65.5mS @4MHz) Figure 7-5 Stop Mode Release Timing When Initiated by RESETB October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 35 MC81F4x16 7.9 LVR (Low Voltage Reset) Electrical Characteristics (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Parameter Symbol LVR voltage VLVR Conditions – Min Typ Max 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 4.0 4.4 Units V Hysteresis voltage of LVR △V – – 10 100 mV Current consumption ILVR VDD = 3V – 45 80 uA Units Note : 1. The current of LVR circuit is consumed when LVR is enabled by “ROM Option”. 2. 216/fx ( = 6.55 ms at fx = 10 MHz) 7.10 UART Timing Characteristics (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max tSCK 1250 tCPU 16 1650 Output data setup to clock rising edge tS1 590 tCPU 13 – Clock rising edge to input data valid tS2 – – 590 Output data hold after clock rising edge tH1 tCPU – 50 tCPU – Input data hold after clock rising edge tH2 0 – – Serial port clock High, Low level width tHIGH, tLOW 470 tCPU 8 970 Serial port clock cycle time nS tSCK tHIGH tLOW 0.8 VDD 0.2 VDD Figure 7-6 Waveform for UART Timing Characteristics 36 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x16 tSCK Shift Clock tH1 Data Out tS1 D0 D1 tS2 Data In D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 tH2 Valid NOTE: D2 Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid The symbols shown in this diagram are defined as follows: fSCK tS1 tS2 tH1 tH2 Serial port clock cycle time Output data setup to clock rising edge Clock rising edge to input data valid Output data hold after clock rising edge Input data hold after clock rising edge Figure 7-7 Timing Waveform for the UART Module October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 37 MC81F4x16 7.11 IIC Timing Characteristics (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Parameter Condition Symbol Min Typ. – tSCL – – SCL high level pulse width tSCLHIGH 4.0 – – us SCL low level pulse width tSCLLOW 4.7 – – us tBUF 4.7 – – us tSTART 4.0 – – us Stop setup time tSTOP 4.0 – – us Data hold time tDAH 0 – – us Data setup time tDAS 0.25 – – us SCL clock frequency BUS free time SCL clock Start hold time = 100kHz Max 100(std.) 400(fast) Units kHz fSCL tSCLHIGH tSCLLOW SCL tDAH SDA tDAS tSTOP tSTART tBUF Figure 7-8 Waveform for IIC Timing Characteristics 38 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x16 7.12 Main clock Oscillator Characteristics (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Oscillator Crystal Parameter Main oscillation frequency Ceramic Oscillator Main oscillation frequency External Clock XIN input frequency Conditions Min Typ. Max 2.2 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 4.2 2.7 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 8.0 4.0 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 12.0 2.2 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 4.2 2.7 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 8.0 4.0 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 12.0 2.2 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 4.2 2.7 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 8.0 4.0 V – 5.5 V 1.0 – 12.0 Units MHz MHz MHz 7.13 External RC Oscillation Characteristics (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Parameter RC oscillator frequency Range (1) Accuracy of RC Oscillation (2) RC oscillator setup time (3) Symbol Conditions Min Typ. Max Units fERC TA = 25C 1 – 8 MHz VDD =5.5V, TA = 25C –6 – +6 – 12 – + 12 – – 10 ACCERC VDD =5.5V, TA = – 40 C to + 85C tSUERC TA = 25C % mS Note : 1. The external resistor is connected between VDD and XIN pin and the 270pF capacitor is connected between XIN and VSS pin. (XOUT pin can be used as a normal port). The frequency is adjusted by external resistor. 2. The min/max frequencies are within the range of RC OSC frequency (1MHz to 8MHz) 3. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 39 MC81F4x16 7.14 Internal RC Oscillation Characteristics (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Parameter Symbol RC oscillator Min Typ. Max VDD =5.5V, TA = 25C -4% 8.0 4% TA = – 40C to + 85C -20% 8.0 20% TOD – 40 50 60 % tSUIRC TA = 25C – – 10 mS fIRC frequency (1) Clock duty ratio RC oscillator setup time (2) Conditions Units MHz VDD =5.5V, Note : 1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production 2. XIN and XOUT pins can be used as I/O ports. 7.15 Sub clock Oscillator Characteristics (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Oscillator Crystal External Clock Parameter Conditions Min Typ. Max Units Sub oscillation frequency 2.2 V – 5.5 V 32 32.768 35 KHz SXIN input frequency 2.2 V – 5.5 V 32 – 100 KHz 7.16 Main Oscillation Stabilization Time (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Oscillator Crystal Conditions Min Typ. Max Units fx > 1 MHz – – 60 mS – – 10 mS 40.0 – 480 nS Oscillation stabilization occurs when Ceramic VDD is equal to the minimum oscillator voltage range. External Clock 40 XIN input high and low width (tXH, tXL) October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x16 1 / fx t XL tXH 0.8VDD XIN 0.2VDD Figure 7-9 Clock Timing Measurement at XIN 7.17 Sub Oscillation Stabilization Time (TA = - 40 C to + 85C, VDD = 2.2 V to 5.5 V) Oscillator Conditions Min Typ. Max Units – – – 10 S SXIN input high and low width (tXH, tXL) 5 – 15 uS Crystal External Clock 1 / fsx t SXL t SXH 0.8VDD SXIN 0.2VDD Figure 7-10 Clock Timing Measurement at SXIN October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 41 MC81F4x16 7.18 Operating Voltage Range (Main OSC frequency) (Sub OSC frequency) 12.0MHz 32.768KHz . 8.0MHz 4.2MHz 1.0MHz 2.2 2.7 4.0 5.5 Supply voltage (V) 2.2 5.5 Supply voltage (V) Figure 7-11 Operating Voltage Range 42 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4x16 7.19 Typical Characteristics These graphs and tables provided in this section are for design guidance only and are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables the data presented are outside specified operating range (e.g. outside specified VDD range). This is for information only and devices are guaranteed to operate properly only within the specified range. The data presented in this section is a statistical summary of data collected on units from different lots over a period of time. “Typical” represents the mean of the distribution while “max” or “min” represents (mean + 3σ) and (mean − 3σ) respectively where σ is standard deviation. 7 mA 1.4 mA 6 1.2 5 1.0 4 0.8 3 0.6 2 0.4 1 0.2 0 0.0 2.5V 3V 3.5V 4V 4.5V 5V 5.5V 2.5V 3V 3.5V 4V 4.5V 5V 5.5V Figure 7-12 IDD – VDD in Normal Mode Figure 7-13 ISLEEP – VDD in Sleep Mode uA 160 35 uA 140 30 120 25 100 20 80 15 60 10 40 20 5 0 0 2.5V 3V 3.5V 4V 4.5V 5V 5.5V Figure 7-14 IDD2 – VDD in Sub Active Mode 2.5V 3V 3.5V 4V 4.5V 5V 5.5V Figure 7-15 ISLEEP2 – VDD with Sub Clock uA 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 2.5V 3V 3.5V 4V 4.5V 5V 5.5V Figure 7-16 ISTOP – VDD in STOP Mode October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 43 MC81F4x16 mA -20 mA -40 -18 -35 -16 -30 -14 -25 -12 -10 -20 -8 -15 -6 -10 -4 -5 -2 0 0 2V 2.5V 3V -40°C 3.5V 4V 4.5V 25°C 4.99V 2V 2.5V 3V -40°C 85°C 3.5V 4V 4.5V 25°C 4.99V 85°C Figure 7-18 IOH2 – VOH2 at VDD=5V Figure 7-17 IOH1 - VOH1 at VDD=5v mA 18 mA 80 16 70 14 60 12 50 10 40 8 30 6 20 4 10 2 0 0 0V 0.23V -40°C 0.47V 25°C Figure 7-19 IOL1 - VOL1 at VDD=5v 44 0.70V 85°C 0V 0.5V -40°C 1.0V 25°C 1.56V 85°C Figure 7-20 IOL2 - VOL2 at VDD=5v October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 4.0 V VIH1 4.0 V VIL1 3.5 V 3.5 V 3.0 V 3.0 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.0 V 2.0 V 1.5 V 1.5 V 1.0 V 1.0 V 2.7V 3.3V 4.5V 5.5V 2.7V Figure 7-21 VIH1 - VDD 3.3V 4.5V 5.5V Figure 7-22 VIL1 - VDD 4.0 V VIH2 4.0 V VIL2 3.5 V 3.5 V 3.0 V 3.0 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.0 V 2.0 V 1.5 V 1.5 V 1.0 V 1.0 V 2.7V 3.3V 4.5V 5.5V 2.7V Figure 7-23 VIH2 - VDD 3.3V 4.5V 5.5V Figure 7-24 VIL2 - VDD 4.0 V VIH3 4.0 V VIL3 3.5 V 3.5 V 3.0 V 3.0 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.0 V 2.0 V 1.5 V 1.5 V 1.0 V 1.0 V 2.7V 3.3V 4.5V Figure 7-25 VIH3 - VDD October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 5.5V 2.7V 3.3V 4.5V 5.5V Figure 7-26 VIL3 - VDD 45 MC81F4x16 20 MHz MHz 10 18 -40℃ 9 16 14 8 25℃ 7 12 85℃ 6 10 5 8 4 6 3 4 2 2 1 0 2.2V 2.5V 3.0V 3.5V 4.0V 4.5V 5.0V 5.5V 6.0V 0 5.1 ㏀ 39.4 ㏀ 97.5 ㏀ 198.9 ㏀ 2.7V 3.0V 3.3V 3.5V 4.0V 4.5V 5.0V 5.5V 6.0V Figure 7-27 8MHz Internal OSC Freq. - VDD 20 MHz 18 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 10 10 8 8 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 2.2V 2.5V 3.0V 3.5V 4.0V 4.5V 5.0V 5.5V 6.0V 5.1 ㏀ 39.4 ㏀ 97.5 ㏀ 198.9 ㏀ 12.0 ㏀ 61.2 ㏀ 122.0 ㏀ 339.0 ㏀ 19.7 ㏀ 81.0 ㏀ 147.2 ㏀ Figure 7-29 Ext. R/C OSC Freq. - VDD at 85℃ 46 19.7 ㏀ 81.0 ㏀ 147.2 ㏀ Figure 7-28 Ext. R/C OSC Freq. - VDD at 25℃ 20 MHz 0 12.0 ㏀ 61.2 ㏀ 122.0 ㏀ 339.0 ㏀ 2.2V 2.5V 3.0V 3.5V 4.0V 4.5V 5.0V 5.5V 6.0V 5.1 ㏀ 12.0 ㏀ 19.7 ㏀ 39.4 ㏀ 61.2 ㏀ 81.0 ㏀ 97.5 ㏀ 122.0 ㏀ 147.2 ㏀ 198.9 ㏀ 339.0 ㏀ Figure 7-30 Ext.l R/C OSC Freq. - VDD at -40℃ October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 8. ROM OPTION The ROM Option is a start-condition byte of the chip. The default ROM Option value is 00H (LVR enable and External RC is selected). It can be changed by appropriate writing tools such as PGMPlusUSB, ISP, etc. 8.1 Rom Option 7 6 5 ROM OPTION LVREN LVRS LVREN LVR Enable/Disable bit 4 3 – – 2 1 0 OSCS 0: Enable (R35) 1: Disable (RESETB) 00: 2.4V LVRS LVR Level Selection bits 01: 2.7V 10: 3.0V 11: 4.0V – bit4 – bit3 Not used in MC81F4x32 000: External RC 001: Internal RC; 4MHz 010: Internal RC; 2MHz OSCS Oscillator Selection bits 011: Internal RC; 1MHz 100: Internal RC; 8MHz 101: Not available ( Note 4 ) 110: Not available ( Note 5 ) 111: Crystal/ceramic oscillator Note : 1. When LVR is enabled, LVR level should be set to appropriate value, not default value. 2. When you select the Crystal/ceramic oscillator, R33 and R34 pins are automatically selected for XIN and XOUT mode. 3. When you select the external RC, R34 pin is automatically selected for XIN mode. 4. If OSCS is set by „101‟, Oscillator works as „Internal RC; 4MHz‟ mode. 5. If OSCS is set by „110‟, Oscillator works as „Internal RC; 2MHz‟ mode. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 47 MC81F4x16 8.2 Read Timing Volt OSC. Stabilization Time VDD rising curve 32 ms @4MHz 32 ms POR level Time Rom option Read POR Start Reset process & Main program Start Figure 8-1 ROM option read timing diagram Rom option is affected 32 mili-second (typically) after VDD cross the POR level. More precisely saying, the 32 mili-second is the time for 1/2 counting of 1024 divided BIT with 4 MHz internal OSC. After the ROM option is affected, system clock source is changed based on the ROM option. And then, rest 1/2 counting is continued with changed clock source. So, hole stabilization time is variable depend on the clock source. Before read ROM option After read ROM option OSC Stabilization Time Formula 250ns x 128(BTCR) x 1024(divider) Period x 128(BTCR) x 1024(divider) Before + After Int-RC 4MHz 32 ms 32 ms 64 ms Int-RC 8MHz 32 ms 16 ms 48 ms X-tal 12 MHz 32 ms 10.7 ms 42.7 ms X-tal 16 Mhz 32 ms 8 ms 40 ms Table 8-1 examples of OSC stabilization time Note that ROM option is affected in OSC stabilization time. So even you change the ROM option by ISP. It is not affected until system is reset. In other words, you must reset the system after change the ROM option. 48 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 9. MEMORY ORGANIZATION This MCU has separated address spaces for the *program memory* and the *data Memory*. The program memory is a ROM which stores a program code. It is not possible to write a data at the program memory while the MCU is running. The Data Memory is a REM which is used by MCU at running time. 9.1 Registers There are few registers which are used for MCU operating. A ACCUMULATOR X X REGISTER Y Y REGISTER SP PCH STACK POINTER PCL PROGRAM COUNTER PSW PROGRAM STATUS WORD Figure 9-1 Configuration of Registers Accumulator( A Register ) : Accumulator is the 8-bit general purpose register, which is used for accumulating and some data operations such as transfer, temporary saving, and conditional judgment , etc. And it can be used as a part of 16-bit register with Y Register as shown below. Y Y A A Two 8-bit Registers can be used as a “YA” 16-bit Register Figure 9-2 Configuration of YA 16-bit Registers X, Y Registers: In the addressing mode, these are used as a index register. It makes it possible to access at Xth or Yth memory from specific address. It is extremely effective for referencing a subroutine table and a memory table. These registers also have increment, decrement, comparison and data transfer functions, and they can be used as a simple accumulator. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 49 MC81F4x16 Stack Address (100H – 1FFH) 8 7 01H SP 15 0 00H – 0FFH Hardware fixed Figure 9-3 Stack Pointer Stack Pointer: Stack Pointer is an 8-bit register which indicates the current „push‟ point in the stack area. It is used to push and pop when interrupts or general function call is occurred. Stack Pointer identifies the location in the stack to be accessed (save or restore). Generally, SP is automatically updated when a subroutine call is executed or an interrupt is accepted. However, if it is used in excess of the stack area permitted by the data memory allocating configuration, the user-processed data may be lost. The stack can be located at any position within 100H to 1FFH of the internal data memory. The SP is not initialized by hardware, requiring to write the initial value (the location with which the use of the stack starts) by using the initialization routine. Normally, the initial value of “FFH” is used. At execution of A CALL/TCALL/PCALL 01FF 01FE 01FD 01FC PCH PCL At execution of RET instruction 01FF 01FE 01FD 01FC Push down PCH PCL At acceptance of interrupt 01FF 01FE 01FD 01FC Pop up PCH PCL PSW At execution of RETI instruction 01FF 01FE 01FD 01FC Push down PCH PCL PSW SP befor execution 01FF 01FD 01FF 01FC SP after exccution 01FD 01FF 01FC 01FF At execution Of PUSH instruction PUSH A(X,Y,PSW) 01FF 01FE 01FD 01FC A Pop up At execution Of POP instruction POP A(X,Y,PSW) Push down 01FF 01FE 01FD 01FC A Pop up 01FF Stack Depth 0100 SP befor execution 01FF 01FF SP after exccution 01FE 01FE Figure 9-4 Stack Operation 50 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 MSB N V G B H I Z LSB C CARRY FLAG RECEIVES CARRY OUT ZERO FLAG NEGATIVE FLAG OVERFLOW FLAG SELECT DIRECT PAGE INTERRUPT ENABLE FLAG When G=1, page is selected to “page 1” HALF CARRY FLAG RECEIVES CARRY OUT FROM BIT 1 OF ADDITION OPERANDS BRK FLAG Figure 9-5 PSW ( Program Status Word ) Registers Program Status Word: Program Status Word (PSW)contains several bits that reflect the current state of the CPU. It contains the Negative flag, the Overflow flag, the Break flag the Half Carry (for BCD operation), the Interrupt enable flag, the Zero flag, and the Carry flag. [Carry flag C] This flag stores any carry or borrow from the ALU of CPU after an arithmetic operation and is also changed by the Shift Instruction or Rotate Instruction. [Zero flag Z] This flag is set when the result of an arithmetic operation or data transfer is “0” and is cleared by any other result. [Interrupt disable flag I] This flag enables/disables all interrupts except interrupt caused by Reset or software BRK instruction. All interrupts are disabled when cleared to “0”. This flag immediately becomes “0” when an interrupt is served. It is set by the EI instruction and cleared by the DI instruction. [Half carry flag H] After operation, this is set when there is a carry from bit 3 of ALU or there is no borrow from bit 4 of ALU. This bit can not be set or cleared except CLRV instruction with Overflow flag (V). [Break flag B] This flag is set by software BRK instruction to distinguish BRK from TCALL instruction with the same vector address. [Direct page flag G] This flag assigns RAM page for direct addressing mode. In the direct addressing mode, addressing area is from zero page 00H to 0FFH when this flag is "0". If it is set to "1", addressing area is assigned 100H to 1FFH. It is set by SETG instruction and cleared by CLRG. [Overflow flag V] This flag is set to “1” when an overflow occurs as the result of an arithmetic operation involving signs. An overflow occurs when the result of an addition or subtraction exceeds +127(7FH) or -128(80H). The CLRV instruction clears the overflow flag. There is no set instruction. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 6 of memory is copied to this flag. [Negative flag N] October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 51 MC81F4x16 This flag is set to match the sign bit (bit 7) status of the result of a data or arithmetic operation. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 7 of memory is copied to this flag. 9.2 Program Memory A 16-bit program counter is capable of addressing up to 64K bytes, but this device has 32K bytes program memory space only physically implemented. Accessing a location above FFFFH will cause a wrap-around to 0000H. 8000H 9000H Figure 9-6 shows a map of Program Memory. After reset, the CPU begins execution from reset vector which is stored in address FFFEH and FFFFH. As shown in Figure 9-6, each area is assigned a fixed location in Program Memory. 0A000H Program memory area contains the user program Page Call (PCALL) area contains subroutine program to 32K ROM 0E000H 0F000H reduce program byte length by using 2 bytes PCALL instead of 3 bytes CALL instruction. If it is frequently called, it is more useful to save program byte length. Table Call (TCALL) causes the CPU to jump to each TCALL address, where it commences the execution of the service routine. The Table Call service area spaces 2-byte for every TCALL: 0FFC0H for TCALL15, 0FFC2H for TCALL14, etc., as shown in Figure 9-7. 0FFC0H TCALL Area 0FFDFH 0FFE0H PCALL Area 0FEFFH 0FF00H Interrupt Vector Area 0FFFFH Figure 9-6 Program Memory Map 52 The interrupt causes the CPU to jump to specific location where it commences the execution of the service routine. The interrupt service locations spaces 2-byte interval. The External interrupt 1, for Example, is assigned to location 0FFFCH. Any area from 0FF00H to 0FFFFH, if it is not going to be used, its service location is available as general purpose Program Memory. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 PCALL Area Memory 0FF00H PCALL Area (256 Byte) 0FFFFH Program Memory 0FFC0H 0FFC1H 0FFC2H 0FFC3H 0FFC4H 0FFC5H 0FFC6H 0FFC7H 0FFC8H 0FFC9H 0FFCAH 0FFCBH 0FFCCH 0FFCDH 0FFCEH 0FFCFH 0FFD0H 0FFD1H 0FFD2H 0FFD3H 0FFD4H 0FFD5H 0FFD6H 0FFD7H 0FFD8H 0FFD9H 0FFDAH 0FFDBH 0FFDCH 0FFDDH 0FFDEH 0FFDFH TCALL 15 TCALL 14 TCALL 13 TCALL 12 TCALL 11 TCALL 10 TCALL 9 TCALL 8 TCALL 7 TCALL 6 TCALL 5 TCALL 4 TCALL 3 TCALL 2 TCALL 1 TCALL 0 Figure 9-7 PCALL and TCALL Memory Area October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 53 MC81F4x16 Example : Usage of TCALL LDA #5 TCALL 0FH ;1BYTE INSTRUCTION : ;INSTEAD OF 3 BYTES : ;NORMAL CALL ;TABLE CALL ROUTINE FUNC_A : LDA LRG0 RET FUNC_B : LDA LRG1 RET ;TABLE CALL ADD. AREA ORG 0FFC0H ;TCALL ADDRESS AREA DW FUNC_A DW FUNC_B 54 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 9.3 Data Memory 0000H User Memory (176Bytes) Page 0 (When “G-flag = 0”, this page 0 is selected 00AFH 00B0H Control Register (80Bytes) 00FFH 0100H User Memory or Stack Area (256Bytes) Page 1 User Memory (256Bytes) Page 2 User Memory (256Bytes) Page 3 User Memory (80Bytes) Page 4 01FFH 0200H 0300H 02FFH 0300H 03FFH 0400H 044FH Figure 9-8 Data Memory Map Figure 9-8 shows the internal Data Memory space available. Data Memory is divided into three groups, a user RAM, Stack memory and Control registers. 9.4 User Memory The MC81F4x32 has a 512 bytes user memory (RAM). RAM pages are selected by the RPR register. RPR RAM PAGE SELECT REGISTER 7 6 00E1H 5 RPR 3 2 R/W RPR bits 4 R/W R/W Ram Page Select bits 1 0 RPR bits R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: ----_--00b R/W 000: page 0 011: page 3 001: page 1 100: page 4 010: page 2 Note : After setting RPR(RAM Page Select Register), be sure to execute SETG instruction. Whenever CLRG instruction is excuted, PAGE0 is selected regardless of RPR. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 55 MC81F4x16 9.5 Stack Area The stack provides the area where the return address is saved before a jump is performed during the processing routine at the execution of a subroutine call instruction or the acceptance of an interrupt. When returning from the processing routine, executing the subroutine return instruction [RET] restores the contents of the program counter from the stack; executing the interrupt return instruction [RETI] restores the contents of the program counter and flags. The save/restore locations in the stack are determined by the stack pointed (SP). The SP is automatically decreased after the saving, and increased before the restoring. This means the value of the SP indicates the stack location number for the next save. Refer to Figure 9-4. . 9.6 Control Registers ( SFR ) The control registers are used by the CPU and Peripheral function blocks for controlling the desired operation of the device. Therefore these registers contain control and status bits for the interrupt system, the timer/ counters, analog to digital converters and I/O ports. The control registers are in address range of 0B0H to 0FFH. It also be called by SFR(Special Function Registers). Note that unoccupied addresses may not be implemented on the chip. Read accesses to these addresses will in general return random data, and write accesses will have an indeterminate effect. More detailed information of each registers are explained in each peripheral section. Example : To write at CKCTLR LDM CKCTLR,#0AH ;Divide ratio(÷32) 56 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Initial Value Address Register Name Symbol R/W 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Addressing Mode 00B0 Timer 0 Status And Control Register T0SCR R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00B1 Timer 0 Data Register T0DR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00B2 Timer 0 Counter Register 00B3 Timer 1 Status And Control Register 00B4 T0CR R 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit T1SCR R/W – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit Timer 1 Data Register T1DR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00B5 Timer 1 Counter Register T1CR R 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00B6 Timer 2 Status And Control Register T2SCR R/W 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00B7 Timer 2 Data Register T2DR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00B8 Timer 2 Counter Register T2CR R 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00B9 Timer 3 Status And Control Register T3SCR R/W – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00BA Timer 3 Data Register T3DR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00BB Timer 3 Counter Register T3CR R 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00BC Oscillator Select Register OSCSEL R/W – – – – – 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00BD A/D Mode Register ADMR R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00BE A/D Converter Data High Register ADDRH R X X X X X X X X Byte, bit 00BF A/D Converter Data Low Register ADDRL R X X X X – – – – Byte, bit 00C0 R0 Port Data Register R0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00C1 R1 Port Data Register R1 R/W 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00C2 R2 Port Data Register R2 R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00C3 R3 Port Data Register R3 R/W – – 0 0 0 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00C4 R4 Port Data Register R4 R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00C5 R5 Port Data Register R5 R/W – – – – 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00C6 R0 Port Control High Register R0CONH R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 Byte, bit 00C7 R0 Port Control Middle Register R0CONM R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00C8 R0 Port Control Low Register R0CONL R/W – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00C9 R0 Port Pull-up Enable Register PUR0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00CA R0 Port External Interrupt High Register EINT0H R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00CB R0 Port External Interrupt Low Register EINT0L R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00CC R0 Port External Interrupt Request Register ERQ0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00CD External Interrupt Flag Register EINTF R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00CE PWM Status And Control Register PWMSCR R/W 0 0 0 0 – – – – Byte, bit 00CF PWM Period And Duty Register PWMPDR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00D0 PWM2 Data Register PWM2DR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00D1 PWM3 Data Register PWM3DR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00D2 PWM4 Data Register PWM4DR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00D3 R1 Port Control High Register R1CONH R/W 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Byte, bit 00D4 R1 Port Control Middle Register R1CONM R/W 0 0 1 0 0 0 – – Byte, bit 00D5 R1 Port Control Low Register R1CONL R/W – – – 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit Table 9-1 Control Register 1/4 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 57 MC81F4x16 Initial Value 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Addressing Mode 00D6 R1 Port Pull-up Enable Register PUR1 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00D7 R1 Port External Interrupt Register EINT1 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00D8 R1 Port External Interrupt Request Register ERQ1 R/W – – – – 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00D9 R2 Port Control High Register R2CONH R/W 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Byte, bit 00DA R2 Port Control Low Register R2CONL R/W 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Byte, bit 00DB R2 Port Pull-up Enable Register PUR2 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00DC R3 Port Control High Register R3CONH R/W – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00DD R3 Port Control Low Register R3CONL R/W 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Byte, bit 00DE R4 Port Control High Register R4CONH R/W 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Byte, bit 00DF R4 Port Control Low Register R4CONL R/W 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Byte, bit 00E0 R5 Port Control Register R5CON R/W 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Byte, bit 00E1 RAM Page Selection Register RPR R/W – – – – – – 0 0 Byte, bit 00E2 Slave IIC Status And Control Register IICSCR R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00E3 Slave IIC Address Register IICAR R/W X X X X X X X – Byte, bit 00E4 Slave IIC Data Shift Register IICDSR R/W X X X X X X X X Byte, bit 00E5 Buzzer Control Register BUZR R/W 1 1 0 0 – – – – Byte, bit 00E6 Buzzer Period Data Register BUPDR R/W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00E7 SIO Control Register SIOCR R/W – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00E8 SIO Data Register SIODAT R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit Address Register Name Symbol R/W 00E9 SIO Pre-scaler Register SIOPS R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00EA Interrupt Enable High Register IENH R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00EB Interrupt Enable Low Register IENL R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 Byte, bit 00EC Interrupt Request High Register IRQH R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00ED Interrupt Request Low Register IRQL R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 Byte, bit 00EE Interrupt Flag High Register INTFH R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00EF Interrupt Flag Low Register INTFL R/W 0 – – – – – 0 0 Byte, bit 00F0 Watch Timer Status And Control Register WTSCR R/W – 0 0 0 0 – – 0 Byte, bit 00F1 Basic Timer Counter Register BTCR X X X X X X X X Byte, bit 00F2 Clock control Register CKCTLR R/W – – – 1 0 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00F3 Power On Reset Control Register PORC R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00F4 Watchdog Timer Register WDTR R/W 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Byte, bit 00F5 Stop & Sleep Mode Control Register SSCR R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00F6 Watchdog Timer Status Register WDTSR R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Byte, bit 00F7 Watchdog Timer Counter Register WDTCR R X X X X X X X X Byte, bit 00FC UART Control High Register UCONH R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 – – Byte, bit 00FD UART Control Low Register UCONL R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 – – Byte, bit 00FE UART Data Register UDAT R/W X X X X X X X X Byte, bit 00FF UART Baud Rate Data Register BRDAT R/W 1 Byte, bit R 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Table 9-2 Control Register 2/4 58 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 T0MOD Bit 5 Bit 4 T0MS Bit 3 Bit 2 00B0H T0SCR 00B1H T0DR Timer 0 Data Register 00B2H T0CR Timer 0 Counter Register 00B3H T1SCR 00B4H T1DR Timer 1 Data Register 00B5H T1CR Timer 1 Counter Register 00B6H T2SCR 00B7H T2DR Timer 2 Data Register 00B8H T2CR Timer 2 Counter Register – T0CC T1MS – T2MOD – – T1CC T2MS 00B9H T3SCR T3DR Timer 3 Data Register 00BBH T3CR Timer 3 Counter Register 00BCH OSCSEL 00BDH ADMR 00BEH ADDRH A/D Converter Data High Register 00BFH ADDRL A/D Converter Data Low Register 00C0H R0 R0 Port Data Register 00C1H R1 R1 Port Data Register 00C2H R2 R2 Port Data Register 00C3H R3 R3 Port Data Register 00C4H R4 R4 Port Data Register 00C5H R5 R5 Port Data Register 00C6H R0CONH 00C7H R0CONM 00C8H R0CONL 00C9H PUR0 00CAH EINT0H – SSBIT EOC T3CC – – – MOSC ADCH – R06 R05 R04 – – PUR07 PUR06 EXT5IE R01 PUR04 PUR03 EXT4IE EXT1IE R05 R03 R02 PUR05 SCLK T3CS ADCLK R07 SOSC T2CS 00BAH – Bit 0 T1CS T2CC T3MS Bit 1 T0CS R00 PUR02 PUR01 EXT3IE EXT0IE PUR00 EXT2IE 00CBH EINT0L 00CCH ERQ0 EXT5IR EXT4IR EXT3IR EXT2IR EXT1IR EXT11IE EXT0IR EXT11IR EXT10IR EXT10IE 00CDH EINTF EXT0IF EXT2IF EXT4IF EXT7IF EXT8IF EXT9IF EXT10IF EXT11IF 00CEH PWMSCR POL4 POL3 POL2 PWMS – – – – 00CFH PWMPDR P4DH P4DL P3DH P3DL P2DH P2DL PPH PPL 00D0H PWM2DR PWM 2 Data Register 00D1H PWM3DR PWM 3 Data Register 00D2H PWM4DR 00D3H R1CONH 00D4H R1CONM 00D5H R1CONL PWM 4 Data Register R17 R16 R13 – – R15 R12 – R11 R14 – – R10 Table 9-3 Control Register 3/4 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 59 MC81F4x16 Address Name 00D6H PUR1 00D7H EINT1 00D8H ERQ1 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 PUR17 PUR16 PUR15 PUR14 PUR13 PUR12 PUR11 PUR10 EXT9IE – EXT8IE – – EXT7IE – EXT9IR EXT6IE EXT8IR EXT7IR EXT6IR 00D9H R2CONH R27 R26 R25 R24 00DAH R2CONL R23 R22 R21 R20 00DBH PUR2 00DCH R3CONH 00DDH R3CONL R32 00DEH R4CONH R47 R46 R45 R44 00DFH R4CONL R43 R42 R41 R40 00E0H R5CON R53 R52 R51 R50 00E1H RPR 00E2H IICSCR 00E3H IICAR 00E4H IICDSR 00E5H BUZR 00E6H BUPDR 00E7H SIOCR 00E8H SIODAT 00E9H SIOPS 00EAH IENH T0MIE T0OVIE T1MIE T1OVIE 00EBH IENL IICIE SIOIE WTIE URIE 00ECH IRQH T0MIR T0OVIR T1MIR T1OVIR 00EDH IRQL IICIR SIOIR WTIR URIR UTIR WDTIR – BTIR 00EEH INTFH T0MIF T0OVIF T1MIF T1OVIF T2MIF T2OVIF T3MIF T3OVIF 00EFH INTFL IICIF – – – – – URIF UTIF 00F0H WTSCR – WTEN – – WTCS 00F1H BTCR 00F2H CKCTLR – – 00F3H PORC 00F4H WDTR 00F5H SSCR Stop and Sleep Control Register 00F6H WDTSR Watchdog Timer Status Register 00F7H WDTCR Watchdog Timer Counter Register 00FCH UCONH UMS1 UMS0 MCE SDR 00FDH UCONL UTP UTPS URPS URPER 00FEH UDAT 00FFH BRDAT PUR27 PUR26 – – PUR25 PUR24 PUR23 R35 PUR22 PUR21 R34 PUR20 R33 R31 R30 – – – – – – RPR1 RPR0 ACKE IICEN IICIFEN IICAZS IICTR IICBS SAM IICLR – – – SIOP CCLR SEDGE T2MIE T2OVIE T3MIE T3OVIE UTIE WDTIE – BTIE T2MIR T2OVIR T3MIR T3OVIR Slave IIC Address register Slave IIC Tx/Rx Data Shift Register BUCK BUSS BURL – Buzzer Period Data Register – – CSEL DAT SIOM SIO Data register SIO Pre-Scale register WTSS Basic Timer Counter Register – WDTON BTCL BTS Power On Reset Control register WDTCL WDTCMP TB8 RB8 UCLK – – – – UART Data Register UART Baud Rate Register Table 9-4 Control Register 4/4 60 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 9.7 Addressing modes The MC81Fxxxx series MCU uses six addressing modes; - Register Addressing - Immediate Addressing - Direct Page Addressing - Absolute Addressing - Indexed Addressing - Indirect Addressing Register Addressing Register addressing means to access to the data of the A, X, Y, C and PSW registers. For Example „ASL ( Arithmetic Shift Left )‟ only accesses the A register. Immediate Addressing In this mode, second byte (operand) is accessed as a data immediately. Example : : ADC #35h ;op code is 04h : : When G-flag is 1, then RAM address is defined by 16-bit address which is composed of 8-bit RAM paging register (RPR) and 8-bit immediate data. Example : : LDM #35h,#55h ;When G = 1, RPR = 1 ;op code is 0E4h : : October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 61 MC81F4x16 Direct Page Addressing -> dp In this mode, an address is specified within direct page. Current accessed page is selected by RPR(RAM Page select Register). And dp( Direct Page ) is an one byte data which indicates the target address in the current accessed page. Example : : LDA 35h : ;When G = 0 ;A = [35h] ;op code is 0C5h : Absolute Addressing Absolute addressing sets corresponding memory data to Data, i.e. second byte (Operand I) of command becomes lower level address and third byte (Operand II) becomes upper level address. With 3 bytes command, it is possible to access to whole memory area. ADC, AND, CMP, CMPX, CMPY, EOR, LDA, LDX,LDY, OR, SBC, STA, STX, STY The operation within data memory (RAM) : ASL, BIT, DEC, INC, LSR, ROL, ROR Example : : ;When G = 0 ADC !0F035h ;A = A + C + ROM[0F035h] : ;op code is 07h : 62 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Example : Addressing accesses the address 0135H regardless of G-flag. : INC !0135h : ;When G = 0 ;increase ROM[135h] ;op code is 98h : Indexed Addressing X indexed direct page (no offset) → {X} In this mode, an address is specified by the X register. ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA, XMA Example : : LDA {X} : ;When G = 1, X = 15h ;A = ROM[(RPR<<8) + X] ;op code is 0D4h : X indexed direct page, auto increment→ {X}+ In this mode, a address is specified within direct page by the X register and the content of X is increased by 1. LDA, STA October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 63 MC81F4x16 Example: : LDA {X}+ : ;When G = 0, X = 35h ;A = ROM[(RPR<<8) + X] ; and X = X + 1 : ;op code is 0DBh : X indexed direct page (8 bit offset) → dp+X This address value is the second byte (Operand) of command plus the data of X-register. And it assigns the memory in direct page. ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, LDY, OR, SBC, STA,STY, XMA, ASL, DEC, INC, LSR, ROL, ROR Example : : ;When G = 0, X = 0F5h LDA 45h + X ;op code is 0C6h : ; : ; : Y indexed direct page (8 bit offset) → dp+Y This address value is the second byte (Operand) of command plus the data of Y-register, which assigns Memory in Direct page. This is same with above „X indexed direct page‟. Use Y register instead of X. 64 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Y indexed absolute → !abs+Y Accessing the value of 16-bit absolute address plus Y-register value. This addressing mode can specify memory in whole area. Example : : LDA !0FA00H+Y ;when Y = 55h ;op code is D5h : Indirect Addressing Direct page indirect → [dp] Assigns data address to use for accomplishing command which sets memory data (or pair memory) by Operand. Also index can be used with Index register X,Y. JMP, CALL Example : : JMP [35h] ;when G = 0 ;op code is 3Fh : October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 65 MC81F4x16 X indexed indirect → [dp+X] Processes memory data as Data, assigned by 16-bit pair memory which i s determined by pair data [dp+X+1][dp+X] Operand plus X-register data in Direct page. ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA Example : : : ADC [25h + X] ;when G = 0 ; X = 10h ;op code is 16h : Y indexed indirect → [dp]+Y Processes memory data as Data, assigned by the data [dp+1][dp] of 16-bit pair memory paired by Operand in Direct page plus Y-register data. ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA Example : : : ADC [25h + Y] ;when G = 0 ; Y = 10h ;op code is 17h : 66 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Absolute indirect → [!abs] The program jumps to address specified by 16-bit absolute address. JMP Example : : JMP [0E025h] ;when G = 0 ;op code is 1Fh : October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 67 MC81F4x16 10. I/O PORTS The MC81F4x32 microcontroller has six I/O ports, P0-P5. The CPU accesses ports by writing or reading port register directly. The R0 port has following features, - 1-bit programmable I/O port. - Schmitt trigger input, push-pull or open-drain output mode can be selected by software. - A pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. - R00-R01 can be used as EXT10/SXin, EXT11/SXout - R02-R07 can be used as EXT0-EXT5/AD0-AD5 - R02-R03 can be used as EC0, T0O/T0PWM - R04-R05 can be used as EC1/SCK, T1O/T1PWM/SI - R06-R07 can be used as EC2/SO, T2O The R1 port has following features, - 1-bit programmable I/O port. - Schmitt trigger input, push-pull or open-drain output mode can be selected by software. - A pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. - R10-R13 can be used as EXT6-EXT9/Vref, AN6-AN8 - R11-R13 can be used as PWM2O-PWM4O - R12 can be used as BUZO - R14-R17 can be used as RxD, TxD, SDA, SCL The R2 port has following features, - 1-bit programmable I/O port. - Input, push-pull or open-drain output mode can be selected by software. - A pull-up resistor can be specified in 1-bit. - R20 can be used as AN9 - R25-R27 can be used as AN10-AN12 68 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 The R3 port has following features, - 1-bit programmable I/O port. - Schmitt trigger or normal input, push-pull or open-drain output mode can be selected by software. - R30-R31 can be used as AN13-AN14 - R33-R34 can be used as Xout, Xin - R35 can be used as RESETB The R4 port has following features, - 1-bit programmable I/O port. - Input, push-pull or open-drain output mode can be selected by software. The R5 port has following features, - 1-bit programmable I/O port. - Input, push-pull or open-drain output mode can be selected by software. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 69 MC81F4x16 10.1 R0 Port Registers R0CONH – R05~07 R0 PORT CONTROL HIGH REGISTER 00C6H A reset clears the R0CONH register to „00H‟, makes R07-R05 pins input mode. You can use R0CONH register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R0CONH register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. 7 6 5 4 R07 R0CONH R/W R/W 3 2 R06 R/W R/W R/W R/W 1 0 – R05 – R/W Reset value: 00H 000: Schmitt trigger input mode(EXT5) 001: Output mode, open-drain R07 R07/AN5/EXT5/T2O 010: Alternative function (AN5) 011: Alternative function (T2O) 1xx: Output mode, push-pull 000: Schmitt trigger input mode (EC2/EXT4) 001: Output mode, open-drain R06 R06/AN4/EXT4/SO/EC2 010: Alternative function (AN4) 011: Alternative function (SO) 1xx: Output mode, push-pull – R05 bit1 R05/AN3/EXT3/SI/T1O/PWM1O Not used for MC81F4x32 1: Output mode, push-pull 0: depend on R0CONM.7 – .6 Note: 1. When R0CONH.0 is selected to „1‟, R05 is push-pull output mode. 2. When R0CONH.0 is selected to „0‟, R05 depends on R0CONM.7 - .6 bits. 70 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 R0CONM – R03~05 R0 PORT CONTROL MIDDLE REGISTER 00C7H A reset clears the R0CONM register to „00H‟, makes R04-R03 pins input mode. You can use R0CONM register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R0CONM register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. 7 6 5 R05 R0CONM R/W 4 3 2 R04 R/W R/W R/W 1 0 R03 R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 00: Schmitt trigger input mode (SI/EXT3) R05 R05/AN3/EXT3/SI/T1O/PWM1O 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (AN3) 11: Alternative function (T1O/PWM1O) 000: Schmitt trigger input mode ( *SCK in / EC1 / EXT2) 001: Output mode, open-drain R04 R04/AN2/EXT2/SCK/EC1 010: Alternative function (AN2) 011: Alternative function (SCK out) 1xx: Output mode, push-pull 000: Schmitt trigger input mode(EXT1) 001: Output mode, open-drain R03 R03/AN1/EXT1/T0O/PWM0O 010: Alternative function (AN1) 011: Alternative function (T0O/PWM0O) 1xx: Output mode, push-pull Note: If you want to use SIO module in slave mode, you must set SCK port as an input mode. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 71 MC81F4x16 R0CONL – R00~02 R0 PORT CONTROL LOW REGISTER 00C8H A reset clears the R0CONL register to „00H‟, makes R02-R00 pins input mode. You can use R0CONL register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R0CONL register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. R0CONL – 7 6 – – – – 5 4 3 R02 R/W bit7 – bit6 2 1 R01 R/W R/W 0 R00 R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W Not used for MC81F4x32 00: Schmitt trigger input mode (EC0/EXT0) R02 R02/AN0/EXT0/EC0 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (AN0) 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Schmitt trigger input mode(EXT11) R01 R01/SXout/EXT11 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (SXout) 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Schmitt trigger input mode(EXT10) R00 R00/SXin/EXT10 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (SXin) 11: Output mode, push-pull 72 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 PUR0 R0 PORT PULL-UP ENABLE REGISTER 00C9H Using the PUR0 register, you can configure pull-up resistors to individual R07-R00 pins. 7 PUR0 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PUR07 PUR06 PUR05 PUR04 PUR03 PUR02 PUR01 PUR00 R/W R/W R/W R/W PUR07 R07 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR06 R06 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR05 R05 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR04 R04 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR03 R03 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR02 R02 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR01 R01 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR00 R00 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor R0 R0 PORT DATA REGISTER R0 00C0H 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R07 R06 R05 R04 R03 R02 R01 R00 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W In input mode, it represents the R0 port status. 1: High In output mode, R0 port represents it. 0 : Low October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 Reset value: 00H 73 MC81F4x16 10.2 R1 Port Registers R1CONH – R14~R17 R1 PORT CONTROL HIGH REGISTER 00D3H A reset clears the R1CONH register to „55H‟, makes the R17-R14 pins to open-drain output mode. You can use R1CONH register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R1CONH register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. 7 6 5 R17 R1CONH R/W 4 3 R16 R/W R/W 2 1 R15 R/W R/W 0 R14 R/W R/W Reset value: 55H R/W 00: Schmitt trigger input mode R17 R17/SCL 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (SCL) 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Schmitt trigger input mode R16 R16/SDA 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (SDA) 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Schmitt trigger input mode R15 R15/TxD 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (TxD) 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Schmitt trigger input mode (RxD mode1,2,3) R14 R14/RxD 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (RxD mode 0) 11: Output mode, push-pull 74 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 R1CONM – R12~R13 R1 PORT CONTROL MIDDLE REGISTER 00D4H A reset clears the R1CONM register to „20H‟, makes the R13 pin to open-drain output mode and the R12 pin to input mode. You can use R1CONM register setting to select input or output mode (opendrain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R1CONM register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. 7 6 5 4 R13 R1CONM R/W R/W 3 2 R12 R/W R/W R/W R/W 1 0 – – – – Reset value: 20H 000: Schmitt trigger input mode(EXT9) 001: Output mode, open-drain R13 R13/AN8/EXT9/PWM4O 010: Alternative function (AN8) 011: Alternative function (PWM4O) 1xx: Output mode, push-pull 000: Schmitt trigger input mode(EXT8) 001: Output mode, open-drain 010: Alternative function (AN7) R12 R12/AN7/EXT8/PWM3O/BUZO 011: Alternative function (PWM3O) 101: Alternative function (BUZO) 111: Output mode, push-pull Others: Not available – bit1 – bit0 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 Not used for MC81F4x32 75 MC81F4x16 R1CONL – R10~11 R1 PORT CONTROL LOW REGISTER 00D5H A reset clears the R1CONL register to „00H‟, makes R11-R10 pins input mode. You can use R1CONL register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R1CONL register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. R1CONL – 7 6 5 – – – – – – bit7 – bit5 4 3 2 1 R11 R/W R/W 0 R10 R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W Not used for MC81F4x32 000: Schmitt trigger input mode(EXT7) 001: Output mode, open-drain R11 R11/AN6/EXT7/PWM2O 010: Alternative function (AN6) 011: Alternative function (PWM2O) 1xx: Output mode, push-pull 00: Schmitt trigger input mode(EXT6) R10 R10/Vref/EXT6 01: Output mode, open-drain 10: Alternative function (Vref) 11: Output mode, push-pull 76 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 PUR1 R1 PORT PULL-UP ENABLE REGISTER 00D6H Using the PUR1 register, you can configure pull-up resistors to individual R17-R10 pins. 7 PUR1 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PUR17 PUR16 PUR15 PUR14 PUR13 PUR12 PUR11 PUR10 R/W R/W R/W R/W PUR17 R17 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR16 R16 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR15 R15 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR14 R14 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR13 R13 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR12 R12 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR11 R11 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR10 R10 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor R1 R1 PORT DATA REGISTER R1 00C1H 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W In input mode, it represents the R1 port status. 1: High In output mode, R1 port represents it. 0 : Low October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 Reset value: F8H 77 MC81F4x16 10.3 R2 Port Registers R2CONH – R24~R27 R2 PORT CONTROL HIGH REGISTER 00D9H A reset clears the R2CONH register to „55H‟, makes the R27-R24 pins to open-drain output mode. You can use R2CONH register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R2CONH register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. 7 6 5 R27 R2CONH R/W R/W 4 3 R26 R/W R/W 2 1 0 R25 R/W R24 R/W R/W Reset value: 55H R/W 00: Input mode 01: Output mode, open-drain R27 R27/AN12 10: Alternative function (AN12) 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode 01: Output mode, open-drain R26 R26/AN11 10: Alternative function (AN11) 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode 01: Output mode, open-drain R25 R25/AN10 10: Alternative function (AN10) 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode 01: Output mode, open-drain R24 R24 10: Not available 11: Output mode, push-pull 78 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 R2CONL – R20~R23 R2 PORT CONTROL LOW REGISTER 00DAH A reset clears the R2CONL register to „55H‟, makes R23-R20 pins to open-drain output mode. You can use R2CONL register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R2CONL register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. 7 6 5 R23 R2CONL R/W R/W 4 3 R22 R/W R/W 2 1 R21 R/W 0 R20 R/W R/W Reset value: 55H R/W 00: Input mode 01: Output mode, open-drain R23 R23 10: Not available 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode 01: Output mode, open-drain R22 R22 10: Not available 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode 01: Output mode, open-drain R21 R21 10: Not available 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode 01: Output mode, open-drain R20 R20/AN9 10: Alternative function (AN9) 11: Output mode, push-pull October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 79 MC81F4x16 PUR2 R2 PORT PULL-UP ENABLE REGISTER 00DBH Using the PUR2 register, you can configure pull-up resistors to individual R27-R20 pins. 7 PUR2 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PUR27 PUR26 PUR25 PUR24 PUR23 PUR22 PUR21 PUR20 R/W R/W R/W R/W PUR27 R27 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR26 R26 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR25 R25 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR24 R24 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR23 R23 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR22 R22 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR21 R21 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit PUR20 R20 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor 0: Disable pull-up resistor 1: Enable pull-up resistor R2 R2 PORT DATA REGISTER R2 00C2H 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R27 R26 R25 R24 R23 R22 R21 R20 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W In input mode, it represents the R2 port status. 1: High In output mode, R2 port represents it. 0 : Low 80 Reset value: FFH October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 10.4 R3 Port Registers R3CONH – R33~R35 R3 PORT CONTROL HIGH REGISTER 00DCH A reset clears the R3CONH register to „00H‟, makes R35-R33 pins input mode. You can use R3CONH register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. R3CONH – 7 6 – – – – 5 4 3 R35 R/W bit7 – bit6 2 1 R34 R/W R/W 0 R33 R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W Not used for MC81F4x32 00: Schmitt trigger input mode R35 R35/RESETB ( *note* ) 01: Not available 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Not available 00: Schmitt trigger input mode R34 R34/Xin ( *note* ) 01: Schmitt trigger input pull-up mode 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Schmitt trigger input mode R33 R33/Xout ( *note* ) 01: Schmitt trigger input pull-up mode 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull Note : If you want to use RESETB, the LVREN (ROM OPTION [7]) must select to LVR disable mode („1‟). If you want to use R35, the LVREN (ROM OPTION [7]) must be selected to LVR enable mode („0‟). If you want to use XIN and XOUT, the OSCS (ROM OPTION [2:0]) must select to Crystal/ceramic oscillator mode (111b). If you want to use R33 and R34, the OSCS (ROM OPTION [2:0]) must select to Internal RC mode (001b, 010b, 011b, 100b). Even you are in case of using emulator you must select the ROM OPTION switch properly to use those R33,R34,R35 ports. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 81 MC81F4x16 R3CONL – R30~R32 R3 PORT CONTROL LOW REGISTER 00DDH A reset clears the R3CONL register to „9BH‟, makes the R32-R30 pins to open-drain output mode. You can use R3CONL register setting to select input or output mode (open-drain or push-pull) and enable alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function that defined by the R3CONL register must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. 7 6 5 R32 R3CONL R/W 4 3 2 R31 R/W R/W R/W 1 0 R30 R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 9BH R/W 00: Input mode R32 01: Input pull-up mode R32 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 000: Input mode 001: Input pull-up mode R31 R31/AN14 010: Alternative function (AN14) 011: Output mode, open-drain 1xx: Output mode, push-pull 000: Input mode 001: Input pull-up mode R30 R30/AN13 010: Alternative function (AN13) 011: Output mode, open-drain 1xx: Output mode, push-pull R3 R3 PORT DATA REGISTER R3 00C3H 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W In input mode, it represents the R3 port status. 1: High In output mode, R3 port represents it. 0 : Low 82 Reset value: --00_0111b October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 10.5 R4 Port Registers R4CONH – R44~R47 R4 PORT CONTROL HIGH REGISTER 00DEH A reset clears the R4CONH register to „AAH‟, makes the R47-R44 pins to open-drain output mode. You can use R4CONH register setting to select input (with or without pull-up) or output mode (opendrain or push-pull). 7 6 5 R47 R4CONH R/W 4 3 R46 R/W R/W 2 1 R45 R/W R/W 0 R44 R/W R/W Reset value: AAH R/W 00: Input mode R47 R47 01: Input pull-up mode 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R46 R46 01: Input pull-up mode 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R45 R45 01: Input pull-up mode 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R44 R44 01: Input pull-up mode 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 83 MC81F4x16 R4CONL – R40~R43 R4 PORT CONTROL LOW REGISTER 00DFH A reset clears the R4CONL register to „AAH‟, makes the R43-R40 pins to open drain output mode. You can use R4CONL register setting to select input (with or without pull-up) or output mode (opendrain or push-pull) . 7 6 5 R43 R4CONL R/W 4 3 R42 R/W R/W 2 1 R41 R/W R/W 0 R40 R/W R/W Reset value: AAH R/W 00: Input mode R43 01: Input pull-up mode R43 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R42 01: Input pull-up mode R42 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R41 01: Input pull-up mode R41 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R40 01: Input pull-up mode R40 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull R4 R4 PORT DATA REGISTER R4 00C4H 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 R47 R46 R45 R44 R43 R42 R41 R40 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W In input mode, it represents the R4 port status. 1: High In output mode, R4 port represents it. 0 : Low 84 Reset value: FFH October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 10.6 R5 Port R5CON – R50~R53 R5 PORT CONTROL REGISTER 00E0H A reset clears the R5CON register to „AAH‟, makes R53-R50 pins to open-drain output mode. You can use R5CON register setting to select input (with or without pull-up) or output mode (open-drain or push-pull). 7 6 5 R53 R5CON R/W 4 3 R52 R/W R/W 2 1 R51 R/W R/W 0 R50 R/W R/W Reset value: AAH R/W 00: Input mode R53 01: Input pull-up mode R53 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R52 01: Input pull-up mode R52 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R51 01: Input pull-up mode R51 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull 00: Input mode R50 01: Input pull-up mode R50 10: Output mode, open-drain 11: Output mode, push-pull R5 R5 PORT DATA REGISTER R5 00C5H 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 - - - - R53 R52 R51 R50 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W In input mode, it represents the R5 port status. 1: High In output mode, R5 port represents it. 0 : Low October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 Reset value: -FH 85 MC81F4x16 11. INTERRUTP CONTROLLER Interrupt Request External Interrupt 1 EXT1IR External Interrupt 3 EXT3IR External Interrupt 5 EXT5IR External Interrupt 6 EXT6IR Interrupt Enable EXT1IE EXT3IE EXT5IE EXT6IE EINTF EXT0IE External Interrupt 0 EXT0IR External Interrupt 2 EXT2IR External Interrupt 4 EXT4IR External Interrupt 7 EXT7IR External Interrupt 8 EXT8IR Interrupt Flag EXT2IE EXT4IE EXT7IE Release STOP/SLEEP EXT8IE To CPU EXT9IE External Interrupt 9 I-flag Interrupt Master Enable Flag EXT9IR EXT10IE External Interrupt 10 EXT10IR External Interrupt 11 EXT11IR EXT11IE IIC Interrupt IICIR SIO Interrupt SIOIR Watch Timer Interrupt WTIR UART Rx Interrupt URIR UART Tx Interrupt UTIR Priority Control IICIE SIOIE WTIE INTFL Interrupt Flag INTFH Interrupt Flag URIE Interrupt Vector Address Generator UTIE T0MIE Timer0 matchInterrupt T0MIR Timer0 overflow Interrupt T0OVIR Timer1 matchInterrupt T1MIR Timer1 overflow Interrupt T1OVIR Timer2 matchInterrupt T2MIR Timer2 overflow Interrupt T2OVIR Timer3 matchInterrupt T3MIR Timer3 overflow Interrupt T3OVIR Watchdog Timer Interrupt WDTIR T0OVIE T1MIE T1OVIE T2MIE T2OVIE T3MIE T3OVIE WDTIE BTIE Basic Timer Interrupt BTIR Figure 11-1 Block Diagram of Interrupt 86 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 The MC81F4x32 interrupt circuits consist of Interrupt enable register (IENH, IENL), Interrupt request flags of IRQH, IRQL, Priority circuit, and Master enable flag (“I” flag of PSW). And 27 interrupt sources are provided. The interrupt vector addresses are shown in „11.6 Interrupt Vector & Priority Table‟ on page 96. Interrupt enable registers are shown in next paragraph. These registers are composed of interrupt enable flags of each interrupt source and these flags determine whether an interrupt will be accepted or not. When the enable flag is “0”, a corresponding interrupt source is disabled. Note that PSW contains also a master enable bit, I-flag, which disables all interrupts at once. 11.1 Registers IENH INTERRUPT ENABLE HIGH REGISTER 7 IENH T0OVIE T1MIE T1OVIE T2MIE T2OVIE T3MIE T3OVIE 5 T0MIE T0OVIE T1MIE R/W T0MIE 6 R/W R/W 00EAH 4 TIOVIE 3 1 0 T2MIE T2OVIE T3MIE T3OVIE R/W R/W Timer 0 Match Interrupt Enable Bit Timer 0 Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit Timer 1 Match Interrupt Enable Bit Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit Timer 2 Match Interrupt Enable Bit Timer 2 Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit Timer 3 Match Interrupt Enable Bit Timer 3 Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 2 R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 87 MC81F4x16 IENL INTERRUPT ENABLE LOW REGISTER IENL 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IICIE SIOIE WTIE URIE UTIE WDTIE – BITIE R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W – R/W IICIE IIC Interrupt Enable Bit SIOIE SIO Interrupt Enable Bit WTIE Watch Timer Interrupt Enable Bit URIE UART Rx Interrupt Enable Bit UTIE UART Tx Interrupt Enable Bit WDTIE – BTIE 88 00EBH Watchdog Timer Interrupt Enable Bit bit1 Basic Timer Interrupt Enable Bit Reset value: 00H 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt Not used for MC81F4x32 0: Disable interrupt 1: Enable interrupt October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 IRQH INTERRUPT REQUSEST HIGH REGISTER 7 IQRH 5 4 3 2 1 0 T0MIR T0OVIR T1MIR TIOVIR T2MIR T2OVIR T3MIR T3OVIR R/W T0MIR 6 00ECH R/W R/W R/W R/W Timer 0 Match Interrupt Request Flag R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending T0OVIR Timer 0 Overflow Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending T1MIR Timer 1 Match Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending T1OVIR Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending T2MIR Timer 2 Match Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending T2OVIR Timer 2 Overflow Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending T3MIR Timer 3 Match Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending T3OVIR Timer 3 Overflow Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 89 MC81F4x16 IRQL INTERRUPT REQUSEST LOW REGISTER IRQL IICIR 00EDH 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IICIR SIOIR WTIR URIR UTIR WDTIR – BITIR R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W – R/W IIC Interrupt Request Flag Reset value: 00H 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending SIOIR SIO Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending WTIR Watch Timer Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending URIR UART Rx Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending UTIR UART Tx Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending WDTIR Watchdog Timer Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending – BTIR bit1 Not used for MC81F4x32 Basic Timer Interrupt Request Flag 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending 90 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 INTFH INTERRUPT FLAG HIGH REGISTER 7 INTFH T0OVIF T1MIF T1OVIF T2MIF T2OVIF T3MIF T3OVIF 5 4 3 2 1 0 T0MIF T0OVIF T1MIF TIOVIF T2MIF T2OVIF T3MIF T3OVIF Reset value: 00H R/W T0MIF 6 00EEH R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 0: No generation Timer 0 Match Interrupt Flag Bit 1: Generation 0: No generation Timer 0 Overflow Interrupt Flag Bit 1: Generation 0: No generation Timer 1 Match Interrupt Flag Bit 1: Generation 0: No generation Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt Flag Bit 1: Generation 0: No generation Timer 2 Match Interrupt Flag Bit 1: Generation 0: No generation Timer 2 Overflow Interrupt Flag Bit 1: Generation 0: No generation Timer 3 Match Interrupt Flag Bit 1: Generation 0: No generation Timer 3 Overflow Interrupt Flag Bit 1: Generation INTFL INTERRUPT FLAG LOW REGISTER INTFL IICIF – 00EFH 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IICIF – – – – – URIF UTIF R/W – – – – – R/W R/W IIC Interrupt Flag Bit bit6 – bit2 URIF UART Rx Interrupt Flag Bit UTIF UART Tx Interrupt Flag Bit Reset value: 00H 0: No generation 1: Generation Not used for MC81F4x32 0: No generation 1: Generation 0: No generation 1: Generation Note: When you use „Shard Interrupt Vector‟, those INTFH and INTFL are used to recognize which interrupt is generated. See „11.4 Shared Interrupt Vector‟ on page 94 for more information. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 91 MC81F4x16 11.2 Interrupt Sequence An interrupt request is held until the interrupt is accepted or the interrupt latch is cleared to “0” by a reset or an instruction. Interrupt acceptance sequence requires 8 cycles of fXIN (1μs at fXIN= 4MHz) after the completion of the current instruction execution. The interrupt service task is terminated upon execution of an interrupt return instruction [RETI]. Interrupt acceptance 1. The interrupt master enable flag (I-flag) is cleared to “0” to temporarily disable the acceptance of any following maskable interrupts. When a non-maskable interrupt is accepted, the acceptance of any following interrupts is temporarily disabled. 2. Interrupt request flag for the interrupt source accepted is cleared to “0”. 3. The contents of the program counter (return address) and the program status word are saved (pushed) onto the stack area. The stack pointer decreases 3 times. 4. The entry address of the interrupt service program is read from the vector table address and the entry address is loaded to the program counter. 5. The instruction stored at the entry address of the interrupt service program is executed. Figure 11-2 Timing chart of Interrupt Acceptance and Interrupt Return Instruction A interrupt request is not accepted until the I-flag is set to “1” even if a requested interrupt has higher priority than that of the current interrupt being serviced. When nested interrupt service is required, the I-flag should be set to “1” by “EI” instruction in the interrupt service program. In this case, acceptable interrupt sources are selectively enabled by the individual interrupt enable flags. Saving/Restoring the general-purpose registers The program status word are automatically saved on the stack, but accumulator and other registers are not saved itself. These registers are saved by the software if necessary. Also, when multiple interrupt services are nested, it is necessary to avoid using the same data memory area for saving registers. The following method is used to save/restore the general-purpose registers. 92 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Example: Register save using push and pop instructions. INTxx : PUSH A PUSH X PUSH Y ;SAVE XCC. ;SAVE X REG. ;SAVE Y REG. ;; interrupt processing ;; POP Y POP X POP A RETI ;RESTORE Y REG. ;RESTORE X REG. ;RESTORE ACC. ;RETURN General-purpose register save/restore using push and pop instructions; Figure 11-3 Saving/Restoring in Interrupt Routine October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 93 MC81F4x16 11.3 BRK Interrupt Software interrupt can be invoked by BRK instruction, which has the lowest priority order. Interrupt vector address of BRK is shared with the vector of TCALL 0 (Refer to Program Memory Section). When BRK interrupt is generated, B-flag of PSW is set to distinguish BRK from TCALL 0. Each processing step is determined by B-flag as shown in Figure 11.4 Shared Interrupt Vector Some interrupts share the interrupt vector address. To recognize which interrupt is occurred, some interrupt flag registers are used. Note that, interrupt request bits are cleared after call the interrupt service routine. So interrupt request bits can not be used to recognize which interrupt is occurred. UART In case of using interrupts of UART Tx and UART Rx together, it is necessary to check UTIF and URIF in the interrupt service routine to find out which interrupt is occurred. Because the UART Tx and UART Rx share the one interrupt vector address. These flag bits must be cleared by software after reading this register. ( UTIF and URIF are placed in INTFL register ) External Interrupt Group In case of using interrupts of Ext group. It is necessary to check the EINTF register in the interrupt service routine to find out which external interrupt is occurred. Because the 8 external interrupts share the one interrupt vector address. These flag bits must be cleared by software after reading this register. Timer match / overflow In case of using interrupts of Timer match and overflow together, it is necessary to check the INTFH register in the interrupt service routine to find out which interrupt is occurred. Because the timer match and overflow share the on interrupt vector address. See „INTFH‟ on page 91 to know which bit is which. 94 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 11.5 Multi Interrupt If two requests of different priority levels are received simultaneously, the request of higher priority level is serviced. If requests of the interrupt are received at the same time simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines by hardware which request is serviced. However, multiple processing through software for special features is possible. Generally when an interrupt is accepted, the I-flag is cleared to disable any further interrupt. But as user sets I-flag in interrupt routine, some further interrupt can be serviced even if certain interrupt is in progress. In this example, the EXT1 interrupt can be serviced without any pending, even TIMER1 is in progress. Because of re-setting the interrupt enable registers IENH,IENL and master enable “EI” in the TIMER1 routine. Figure 11-4 Execution of Multi Interrupt October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 95 MC81F4x16 11.6 Interrupt Vector & Priority Table Address Interrupt INT number Priority 0FFE0H Basic Interval Timer INT0 15 ( lowest priority) 0FFE2H Watchdog Timer INT1 14 0FFE4H Timer 3 match/overflow INT2 13 0FFE6H Timer 2 match/overflow INT3 12 0FFE8H Timer 1 match/overflow INT4 11 0FFEAH Timer 0 match/overflow INT5 10 0FFECH UART Rx/Tx INT6 9 0FFEEH Watch Timer INT7 8 0FFF0H SIO INT8 7 0FFF2H IIC INT9 6 0FFF4H External Group INT10 5 0FFF6H External 6 INT11 4 0FFF8H External 5 INT12 3 0FFFAH External 3 INT13 2 0FFFCH External 1 INT14 1 0FFFEH RESET INT15 0 ( highest priority) Table 11-1 Interrupt Vector & Priority Note : External Interrupt Group = (EXT0, EXT2, EXT4, EXT7 – EXT11) 96 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 12. EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS The external interrupt pins are edge triggered depending on the „external interrupt registers‟. The edge detection of external interrupt has three transition activated mode: rising edge, falling edge, and both edge. 12.1 Registers EINT0H – EXT 2~5 / R04~R07 R0 PORT EXTERNAL INTERRUPT ENABLE HIGH REGISTER 00CAH A reset clears the EINT0H register to „00H‟, disables EXT5-EXT2 interrupt. You can use EINT0H register setting to select Disable interrupt or Enable interrupt (by falling, rising, or both falling and rising edge). 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EXT5IE EINT0H R/W EXT4IE R/W R/W EXT3IE R/W R/W EXT2IE R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W EXT5IE R07/EXT5 External Interrupt Enable Bits 00: Disable Interrupt EXT4IE R06/EXT4 External Interrupt Enable Bits 01: Enable Interrupt by falling edge EXT3IE R05/EXT3 External Interrupt Enable Bits EXT2IE R04/EXT2 External Interrupt Enable Bits 10: Enable Interrupt by rising edge 11: Enable Interrupt by both falling and rising edge EINT0L – EXT 10,11,0,1 / R00~R03 R0 PORT EXTERNAL INTERRUPT ENABLE LOW REGISTER 00CBH A reset clears the EINT0L register to „00H‟, disables EXT1-EXT0, EXT11-EXT10 interrupt. You can use EINT0L register setting to select Disable interrupt or Enable interrupt (by falling, rising, or both falling and rising edge). 7 EINT0L 6 EXT1IE R/W R/W 5 4 EXT0IE R/W R/W 3 EXT11IE R/W EXT1IE R03/EXT1 External Interrupt Enable Bits EXT0IE R02/EXT0 External Interrupt Enable Bits EXT11IE R01/EXT11 External Interrupt Enable Bits EXT10IE R00/EXT10 External Interrupt Enable Bits October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 2 1 0 EXT10IE R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 00: Disable Interrupt 01: Enable Interrupt by falling edge 10: Enable Interrupt by rising edge 11: Enable Interrupt by both falling and rising edge 97 MC81F4x16 EINT1 – EXT 6~9 / R10~R13 R1 PORT EXTERNAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 00D7H A reset clears the EINT1 register to „00H‟, disables EXT9-EXT6 interrupts. You can use EINT1 register setting to select Disable interrupt or Enable interrupt (by falling, rising, or both falling and rising edge). 7 EINT1 6 EXT9IE R/W R/W 5 4 EXT8IE R/W R/W 3 2 EXT7IE R/W EXT9IE R13/EXT9 External Interrupt Enable Bits EXT8IE R12/EXT8 External Interrupt Enable Bits EXT7IE R11/EXT7 External Interrupt Enable Bits EXT6IE R10/EXT6 External Interrupt Enable Bits 1 0 EXT6IE R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 00: Disable Interrupt 01: Enable Interrupt by falling edge 10: Enable Interrupt by rising edge 98 11: Enable Interrupt by both falling and rising edge October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 ERQ0 – EXT 10,11,0~5 / R00~R07 R0 PORT EXTERNAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 00CCH When an interrupt is generated, the bit of ERQ0 that generated it is cleared by the hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was transition-activated. ERQ0 7 6 5 4 3 EXT5IR EXT4IR EXT3IR EXT2IR EXT1IR R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 2 1 0 EXT0IR EXT11IR EXT10IR R/W EXT5IR R07/EXT5 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT4IR R06/EXT4 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT3IR R05/EXT3 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT2IR R04/EXT2 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT1IR R03/EXT1 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT0IR R02/EXT0 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT11IR R01/EXT11 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT10IR R00/EXT10 External Interrupt Request Flag R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending ERQ1 – EXT 6~9 / R10~R13 R1 PORT EXTERNAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 00D8H When an interrupt is generated, the bit of ERQ1 that generated it is cleared by the hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was transition-activated. ERQ1 7 6 5 4 – – – – – – – – – 3 R/W bit7 – bit4 EXT9IR R03/EXT9 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT8IR R02/EXT8 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT7IR R01/EXT7 External Interrupt Request Flag EXT6IR R00/EXT6 External Interrupt Request Flag October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 2 1 0 EXT9IR EXT8IR EXT7IR EXT6IR R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W Not used for MC81F4x32 0: Interrupt request flag is not pending, request flag bit clear 1: Interrupt request flag is pending 99 MC81F4x16 EINTF EXTERNAL INTERRUPT FLAG REGISTER EINTFH 00CDH 7 6 5 4 3 INT0IF INT2IF INT4IF INT7IF INT8IF R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W EXT0IF EXT0 External Interrupt Flag EXT2IF EXT2 External Interrupt Flag EXT4IF EXT4 External Interrupt Flag EXT7IF EXT7 External Interrupt Flag EXT8IF EXT8 External Interrupt Flag EXT9IF EXT9 External Interrupt Flag EXT10IF EXT10 External Interrupt Flag EXT11IF EXT11 External Interrupt Flag 2 1 0 INT9IF INT10IF INT11IF R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Not generated 1: Generated 12.2 Procedure To generate external interrupt, following steps are required, 1. Prepare external interrupt sub-routine. 2. Set external interrupt pins to read mode 3. Enable the external interrupt and select the edge mode. 4. Make sure global interrupt is enabled(use „EI‟ instruction). After finish above steps, the external interrupt sub-routine is calling, when the edge is detected. When the generated external interrupt is one of the external interrupts group, the EINTF register is used to recognize which external interrupt is generated. 100 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 13. CLOCK GENERATOR MOSC SCLK Main Oscillator Stop STOP inst. SSCR ‘01011010’ stop mode INT SOSC SCLK Main-System Oscillator Circuit SCLK fx Stop release Sub Oscillator Stop STOP inst. SSCR ‘01011010’ stop mode MUX Sub-System Oscillator Circuit fxx System clock SSCR ‘00001111’ SLEEP mode fxt Watch Timer, Timer 0/1/2/3, Buzzer Peripheral clock Frequency Dividing Circuit 1/1 1/2 1/4 1/8 1/16 1/32 1/64 1/128 1/256 1/512 1/1024 1/2048 1/4096 Figure 13-1 Block Diagram of Clock Generator As shown in Figure 13-1, the clock generator produces the basic clock pulses for the CPU and the peripheral hardware. It contains two oscillators which are main-system oscillator and a sub-oscillator. And for the system and the peripheral clocks, one oscillator is selected by the SCLK bit of the OSCSEL register. There are few clock sources for main-oscillator which are listed below. - Crystal / Ceramic Oscillator / (External Clock). - 8, 4, 2, 1 MHz Internal RC Oscillator. - External RC Oscillator. Note that, one of the clock sources is used for main-oscillator based on the ROM option (See „8 . ROM OPTION‟ at page 47). Only one clock source is available for sub-oscillator which is „Crystal / Ceramic Oscillator / (External Clock )‟. To the peripheral block, the clock among the not-divided original clocks and divided by 2, 4..., up to 4096 can be provided. Peripheral clock is enabled or disabled by STOP instruction. When the system is fall in stop mode, only selected oscillator(by SCLK bit) is stopped. Unselected oscillator is not affected by stop mode. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 101 MC81F4x16 13.1 Registers OSCSEL OSCILLATOR SELECT REGISTER OSCSEL – 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 – – – – – MOSC SOSC SCLK – – – – – R/W R/W R/W bit7 – bit3 MOSC Main Oscillator Control Bit SOSC Sub Oscillator Control Bit SCLK System Clock Selection Bit 102 00BCH Reset value: 00H Not used for MC81F4x32 0: Main oscillator RUN 1: Main oscillator STOP 0: Sub oscillator RUN 1: Sub oscillator STOP 0: Select main oscillator for system clock 1: Select sub oscillator for system clock October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 14. OSCILLATION CIRCUITS There are few example circuits for main and sub oscillators. Oscillation circuit is designed to be used either with a ceramic resonator or crystal oscillator. Since each crystal and ceramic resonator have their own characteristics, the user should consult the crystal manufacturer for appropriate values of external components. 14.1 Main Oscillation Circuits C1, C2 = 10 ~ 30 pF XIN XOUT * The example load capacitor value(C1, C2) is common value but may not be appropriate for some crystal or ceramic resonator. C1 C2 Figure 14-1 Crystal/Ceramic Oscillator XIN XOUT Figure 14-2 External Clock Xout pin can be used as a normal pin. Figure 14-3 External RC Oscillator October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 103 MC81F4x16 Xout and Xin pins can be used as normal pins Figure 14-4 Internal RC Oscillator 14.2 Sub Oscillation Circuits C1, C2 = 10 ~ 30 pF XIN XOUT * The example load capacitor value(C1, C2) is common value but may not be appropriate for some crystal or ceramic resonator. C1 C2 Figure 14-5 Crystal/Ceramic Oscillator XIN XOUT Figure 14-6 External Clock 104 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 14.3 PCB Layout For reference, here is a example layout for oscillator circuit. Figure 14-7 Layout of Oscillator PCB circuit Note : Minimize the wiring length. Do not allow the wiring to intersect with other signal conductors. Do not allow the wiring to come near changing high current. Set the potential of the grounding position of the oscillator capacitor to that of VSS. Do not ground it to any ground pattern where high current is present. Do not fetch signals from the oscillator. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 105 MC81F4x16 15. BASIC INTERVAL TIMER The MC81F4x32 has one 8-bit Basic Interval Timer that is free-run and can not be stopped except when peripheral clock is stopped. The Basic Interval Timer generates the time base for watchdog timer counting. It also provides a Basic interval timer interrupt. The 8-bit Basic interval timer register (BTCR) is increased every internal count pulse which is divided by prescaler. Since prescaler has divided ratio by 8 to 1024, the count rate is 1/8 to 1/1024 of the oscillator frequency. As the count overflow from FFH to 00H, this overflow causes the interrupt to be generated. The Basic Interval Timer is controlled by the clock control register (CKCTLR). When write "1" to bit BTCL of CKCTLR, BTCR register is cleared to "0" and restart to count-up. The bit BTCL becomes "0" after one machine cycle by hardware. The bit WDTON decides Watchdog Timer or the normal 7-bit timer. Source clock can be selected by lower 3 bits of CKCTLR. 106 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 15.1 Registers CKCTLR CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER CKCTLR 7 6 5 – – – – – – – WDTON 00F2H 4 3 2 WDTON BTCL R/W R/W 1 0 BTS R/W bit7 – bit5 Reset value: 17H R/W R/W Not used for MC81F4x32 0: Operate as 7-bit timer Watchdog Timer Enable Bit 1: Enable Watchdog timer 0: Normal operation (free-run) BTCL 1: Clear 8-bit counter (BITR) to “0”, This bit becomes 0 automatically after one machine cycle, and starts counting. Basic Timer Clear Bit 000: fxin/8 001: fxin/16 010: fxin/32 BTS 011: fxin/64 Basic Interval Timer Source Clock Selection Bits 100: fxin/128 101: fxin/256 110: fxin/512 111: fxin/1024 CKCTLR[2:0] Source clock Interrupt(overflow) period (ms) @ fxin = 8MHz 000 fxin/8 0.256 001 fxin/16 0.512 010 fxin/32 1.024 011 fxin/64 2.048 100 fxin/128 4.096 101 fxin/256 8.192 110 fxin/512 16.384 111 fxin/1024 32.768 Figure 15-1 Basic Interval Timer Interrupt Period BTCR BASIC TIMER COUNTER REGISTER 7 6 5 BTCR 00F1H 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R R R R R Reset value: XXH R R R A 8 bit count register for the basic interval timer. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 107 MC81F4x16 16. WATCH DOG TIMER BCK[2:0] fxx Prescaler Basic interval timer INT enable fxx/1024 fxx/512 fxx/256 fxx/128 fxx/64 fxx/32 fxx/16 fxx/8 Start the CPU BTIE overflow M overflow 8-Bit Up Counter BITR U BTINT BTIR Basic interval timer INT request X clear BTCL clear Watchdog Counter (7-bit) clear WDTSR To RESET CPU 7-bit Comparator WDTIE 7-bit Compare data WDTON Watchdog timer INT enable WDTIR WDTCL WDTR WDTINT Watchdog timer INT request Figure 16-1 Block diagram of Basic Interval Timer/Watchdog Timer The watchdog timer rapidly detects the CPU malfunction such as endless looping caused by noise or the like, and resumes the CPU to the normal state. The watchdog timer signal for detecting malfunction can be selected either a reset CPU or a interrupt request. When the watchdog timer is not being used for malfunction detection, it can be used as a timer to generate an interrupt at fixed intervals. The watchdog timer uses the Basic Interval Timer as a clock source. The watchdog timer consists of 7-bit binary counter and the watchdog timer data register. When the value of 7-bit binary counter is equal to the lower 7 bits of WDTR, the interrupt request flag is generated. This can be used as Watchdog timer interrupt or reset the CPU in accordance with the bit WDTON. Watchdog reset feature is disabled when the watchdog timer status register(WDTSR) value is „0A5h‟. Note that, WDTSR‟s reset value is „00h‟. And reset value of WDTON is „1‟. So watchdog timer reset is enabled at reset time. 108 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 16.1 Registers WDTR WATCHDOG TIMER REGISTER 7 WDTR 6 00F4H 5 4 WDTCL R/W 3 2 1 0 WDTCMP R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 7FH R/W R/W R/W 0: Free-run count WDTCL WDTCMP 1: When the WDTCL is set to “1”, binary counter is cleared to “0”. And the WDTCL becomes “0” automatically after one machine cycle. Counter count up again. Watchdog Timer Clear Bit bit6 – bit0 7-bit compare data WDTSR WATCHDOG TIMER STATUS REGISTER 7 6 5 WDTSR 00F6H 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W Watchdog Timer Function Disable Code (for System Reset) R/W Reset value: 00H R/W R/W R/W 10100101: Disable watchdog timer function Others: Enable watchdog timer function Figure 16-2 Watchdog Timer Timing October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 109 MC81F4x16 17. WATCH TIMER Watch timer functions include real-time and watch-time measurement and interval timing for the system clock. Watch timer has the following functional components: - Real time and watch time measurement - Using a main or sub clock source (main clock divided by 27(fx/128) or sub clock(fxt)) - Timing tests in high-speed mode - Watch timer interrupt generation - Watch timer status and control register (WTSCR) WTEN Enable/Disable WTIE 60.0S 30.0S fxx/128 Clock Selector fxt fw 32.768KHz Frequency 1.0S Dividing 0.5S Circuit 0.25S Watch timer INT enable Selector Circuit WTIR WTINT Watch timer INT request 10mS WTSC WTSS fxx = System clock (where fx = 4.19MHz) fxt = Sub clock (32.768KHz) fw = Watch timer Frequency Figure 17-1 Watch Timer Block Diagram 110 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 17.1 Registers WTSCR WATCH TIMER STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER WTSCR 7 6 – WTEN – R/W 5 4 3 WTSS R/W R/W R/W 00F0H 2 1 0 – – WTCS – – R/W Reset value: 00H A reset clears WTSCR register to „00H‟. This disables the watch timer. So, if you want to use the watch timer, you must write appropriate value to WTSCR register. When the watch timer interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the watch timer interrupt request flag bit, WTIR is automatically cleared. – WTEN bit7 Not used for MC81F4x32 Watch Timer Enable Bit 0:Disable watch timer; Clear frequency Dividing circuits 1: Enable watch timer 000: Set watch timer interrupt to 60.0s 001: Set watch timer interrupt to 30.0s 010: Not available WTSS Watch Timer Speed Selection Bits 011: Not available 100: Set watch timer interrupt to 1.0s 101: Set watch timer interrupt to 0.5s 110: Set watch timer interrupt to 0.25s 111: 1/100s stop watch for real timer – bit2 – bit1 Not used for MC81F4x32 7 WTCS Watch Timer Clock Selection Bit 0: Select main clock divided by 2 (fx/128) 1: Select sub clock (fxt) Note: Main system clock frequency (fx) is assumed to be 4.19 MHz. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 111 MC81F4x16 18. Timer 0/1 The 8-bit timer 0/1 are an 8-bit general-purpose timer. Timer 0/1 have three operating modes, you can select one of them using the appropriate T0SCR/T1SCR setting: - Interval timer mode (Toggle output at T0O/T1O pin) - Capture input mode with a rising or falling edge trigger at EXT1/EXT3 pin - PWM mode (PWM0O/PWM1O) 18.1 Registers T0DR TIMER 0 DATA REGISTER 7 6 00B1H 5 T0DR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit compare value register for the timer 0 match interrupt. T0CR TIMER 0 COUNTER REGISTER 7 6 00B2H 5 T0CR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R R R R R Reset value: 00H R R R A 8-bit count register for the timer 0 112 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 T0SCR TIMER 0 STATUS AND CONROL REGISTER 00B0H To enable the timer 0 match interrupt, you must set “1” to T0MIE(IENH.7). When the timer 0 match interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the timer 0 match interrupt request flag bit, T0MIR(IRQH.7), is automatically cleared. To enable the timer 0 overflow interrupt, you must set “1” to T0OVIE(IENH.6). When the timer 0 overflow interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the timer 0 overflow interrupt request flag bit, T0OVIR(IRQH.6), is automatically cleared. 7 T0SCR T0MOD R/W T0MOD 6 5 T0MS R/W R/W 4 3 T0CC R/W Timer 0 mode Selection Bit 2 1 0 T0CS R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Two 8-bit timers mode (Timer 0/1) 1: One 16-bit timer mode (Timer 0) 00: Interval mode (T0O) T0MS Timer 0 Mode Selection Bit 01: PWM mode (OVF and match interrupt can occur) 1X: Capture mode (OVF can occur) 0: No effect T0CC Timer 0 Counter Clear Bit 1: Clear the Timer 0 counter (When write, automatically cleared “0” after being cleared counter) 0000: Counter stop 0001: Not available 0010: Not available 0011: Not available 0100: Not available 0101: External clock (EC0) rising edge 0110: External clock (EC0) falling edge T0CS Timer 0 Clock Selection Bits 0111: fxt ( sub clock ) 1000: fxx/2 1001: fxx/4 1010: fxx/8 1011: fxx/16 1100: fxx/32 1101: fxx/128 1110: fxx/512 1111: fxx/2048 Note : You must set the T0CC(T0SCR.4) bit after set T0DR register. The timer 0 counter value is compared with timer 0 buffer register instead of T0DR. And T0DR value is copied to timer 0 buffer register when 1)T0CC is set 2)T0OVIR is set 3) T0MIR is set. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 113 MC81F4x16 T1DR TIMER 1 DATA REGISTER 7 6 00B4H 5 T1DR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit compare value register for the timer 1 match interrupt. T1CR TIMER 0 COUNTER REGISTER 7 6 00B5H 5 T1CR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R R R R R Reset value: 00H R R R A 8-bit count register for the timer 1 114 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 T1SCR TIMER 1 STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER 00B3H To enable the timer 1 match interrupt, you must set “1” to T1MIE. When the timer 1 match interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the timer 1 match interrupt request flag bit, T1MIR(IRQH.5), is automatically cleared.. To enable the timer 1 overflow interrupt, you must set “1” to T1OVIE. When the timer 1 overflow interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the timer 1 overflow interrupt request flag bit, T1OVIR(IRQH.4), is automatically cleared. 7 T1SCR – R/W – 6 5 T1MS R/W 4 3 T1CC R/W R/W bit7 2 1 0 T1CS R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W Not used for MC81F4x32 00: Interval mode (T1O) T1MS Timer 1 Mode Selection Bit 01: PWM mode (OVF and match interrupt can occur) 1X: Capture mode (OVF can occur) 0: No effect T1CC Timer 1 Counter Clear Bit 1: Clear the Timer 1 counter (When write, automatically cleared “0” after being cleared counter) 0000: Counter stop 0001: Not available 0010: Not available 0011: Not available 0100: Not available 0101: External clock (EC1) rising edge 0110: External clock (EC1) falling edge T1CS Timer 1 Clock Selection Bits 0111: fxt ( sub clock ) 1000: fxx/1 1001: fxx/2 1010: fxx/4 1011: fxx/8 1100: fxx/16 1101: fxx/64 1110: fxx/256 1111: fxx/1024 Note : You must set the T1CC(T1SCR.4) bit after set T1DR register. The timer 1 counter value is compared with timer 1 buffer register instead of T1DR. And T1DR value is copied to timer 1 buffer. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 115 MC81F4x16 18.2 Timer 0 8-Bit Mode T0CS T0OVIE fxx/2048 fxx/512 fxx/128 fxx/32 fxx/16 fxx/8 fxx/4 fxx/2 fxt Timer 0 overflow INT enable Data BUS OVF M T0OVIR 8 U 8-Bit Up Counter R (Read - only) X T0 Overflow Interrupt Timer 0 Overflow INT request T0OVIF T0CC Match signal Clear T0CR Clear T0MIE EC0 Timer 0 INT enable Counter stop 8-Bit Comparator EXT1 M U X Timer 0 Buffer Register Match M U X T0MIR Timer 0 Match INT request T0O/PWM0O T0 Match Interrupt T0MIF T0MS T0CC Overflow signal Match signal EINT0L Timer 0 Data Register T0DR 8 EXT1 Interrupt Data BUS Figure 18-1 8-bit Timer 0 Block Diagram Timer 0 has the following functional components: 116 - Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 2048, 512, 128, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, fxt) with multiplexer - External clock input pin, EC0 (R02) - I/O pins for capture input, EXT1 (R03) or PWM or match output PWM0O/T0O (R03) - 8-bit counter (T0CR), 8-bit comparator, and 8-bit reference data register (T0DR) - Timer 0 status and control register (T0SCR) - Timer 0 overflow interrupt and match interrupt generation October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Function Description Interval Timer Mode A match signal is generated and T0O pins are toggled when the T0CR register value equals the T0DR register value. The match signal generates a timer match interrupt and clears the T0CR register. Pulse Width Modulation Mode Pulse width modulation (PWM) mode lets you program the width (duration) of the pulse that is output at the PWM0O pin. As in interval timer mode, a match signal is generated when the counter value is identical to the value written to the T0DR register. In PWM mode, however, the match signal does not clear the counter. Instead, it runs continuously, overflowing at FFH, and then continues incrementing from 00H. Although you can use the match signal to generate a timer 0 overflow interrupt, interrupts are not typically used in PWM-type applications. Instead, the pulse at the PWM0O pin is held to Low level as long as the reference data value is less than or equal to ( ) the counter value and then the pulse is held to High level for as long as the data value is greater than ( > ) the counter value. One pulse width is equal to tCLK * 256. So, the period and duty times are, Duty = tCLK * (T0DR + 1) Period = tCLK * 256 In order to generate the PWM0O signal, 3 steps are required, Steps Example C code Make sure the PWM0O port is set by PWM output mode T0CONM = 0x03; Set the T0DR value properly T0DR = 25; Set the T0SCR register properly T0SCR = 0x38; Capture Mode In capture mode, you have to set EXT1 interrupt. When the EXT1 interrupt is occurred, the T0CR register value is loaded into the T0DR register and the T0CR register is cleared. And the timer 0 overflow interrupt is generated whenever the T0CR value is overflowed. So, If you count how many overflow is occurred and read the T0DR value in EXT1 interrupt routine, it is possible to measure the time between two EXT1 interrupts. Or it is possible to measure the time from the T0 initial time to the EXT1 interrupt occurred time. The time = ( 256 * tCLK ) * overflow_count + (tCLK * T0DR) Note „tCLK‟ is the period time of the timer-counter‟s clock source You must set the T0DR value before set the T0SCR register. Because T0DR value is fetched when the count is started(the T0CC bit is set) or match/overflow event is occurred. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 117 MC81F4x16 118 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 18.3 Timer 1 8-Bit Mode T1CS T1OVIE fxx/1024 fxx/256 fxx/64 fxx/16 fxx/8 fxx/4 fxx/2 fxx/1 fxt Timer 1 overflow INT enable Data BUS OVF M T1OVIR 8 U 8-Bit Up Counter R (Read - only) X Clear T1 Overflow Interrupt Timer 1 Overflow INT request T1OVIF T1CC Match signal Clear T1CR T1MIE EC1 Timer 1 INT enable Counter stop 8-Bit Comparator EXT3 M U X Timer 1 Buffer Register Match M U X T1MIR Timer 1 Match INT request T1O/PWM1O T1 Match Interrupt T1MIF T1MS T1CC Overflow signal Match signal EINT0L Timer 1 Data Register T1DR 8 EXT3 Interrupt Data BUS Figure 18-2 8-bit Timer 1 Block Diagram Timer 1 has the following functional components: - Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 1024, 256, 64, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, fxt) with multiplexer - External clock input pin, EC1 (R04) - I/O pins for capture input, EXT3 (R05) or PWM or match output PWM1O/T1O (R05) - 8-bit counter (T1CR), 8-bit comparator, and 8-bit reference data register (T1DR) - Timer 1 status and control register (T1SCR) - Timer 1 overflow interrupt and match interrupt generation October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 119 MC81F4x16 Function Description Interval Timer Mode A match signal is generated and T1O pins are toggled when the T1CR register value equals the T1DR register value. The match signal generates a timer match interrupt and clears the T1CR register. Pulse Width Modulation Mode Pulse width modulation (PWM) mode lets you program the width (duration) of the pulse that is output at the PWM1O pin. As in interval timer mode, a match signal is generated when the counter value is identical to the value written to the T1DR register. In PWM mode, however, the match signal does not clear the counter. Instead, it runs continuously, overflowing at FFH, and then continues incrementing from 00H. Although you can use the match signal to generate a timer 1 overflow interrupt, interrupts are not typically used in PWM-type applications. Instead, the pulse at the PWM1O pin is held to Low level as long as the reference data value is less than or equal to ( ) the counter value and then the pulse is held to High level for as long as the data value is greater than ( > ) the counter value. One pulse width is equal to tCLK * 256. So, the period and duty times are, Duty = tCLK * (T1DR + 1) Period = tCLK * 256 In order to generate the PWM1O signal, 3 steps are required, Steps Example C code Make sure the PWM1O port is set by PWM output mode T1CONM = 0xC0; Set the T1DR value properly T1DR = 25; Set the T1SCR register properly T1SCR = 0x38; Capture Mode In capture mode, you have to set EXT3 interrupt. When the EXT3 interrupt is occurred, the T1CR register value is loaded into the T1DR register and the T1CR register is cleared. And the timer 1 overflow interrupt is generated whenever the T1CR value is overflowed. So, If you count how many overflow is occurred and read the T1DR value in EXT3 interrupt routine, it is possible to measure the time between two EXT3 interrupts. Or it is possible to measure the time from the T1 initial time to the EXT3 interrupt occurred time. The time = ( 256 * tCLK ) * overflow_count + (tCLK * T1DR) Note „tCLK‟ is the period time of the timer-counter‟s clock source You must set the T1DR value before set the T1SCR register. Because T1DR value is fetched when the count is started(the T1CC bit is set) or match/overflow event is occurred. 120 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 18.4 Timer 0 16-BIT Mode T0CS T0OVIE fxx/2048 fxx/512 fxx/128 fxx/32 fxx/16 fxx/8 fxx/4 fxx/2 fxt Timer 0 overflow INT enable Data BUS OVF M 8 T1CR U T0CR 16-Bit Up Counter R (Read - only) X T0OVIR T0 Overflow Interrupt Timer 0 Overflow INT request T0OVIF T0CC Match signal Clear Clear T0MIE EC0 Timer 0 INT enable Counter stop 16-Bit Comparator M U X EXT1 Match M U X T0MIR Timer 0 Match INT request T0O/PWM0O T0MIF T0MS Timer 0 Buffer Register T0 Match Interrupt T0CC Overflow signal Match signal EINT0L MSB Timer 0 Data Register T1DR LSB T0DR EXT1 Interrupt 8 Data BUS Timer 1 + Timer 0 Timer 0 (16bit) Figure 18-3 16-bit Timer 0 Block Diagram The 16-bit timer 0 is a 16-bit general-purpose timer. Timer 0 has three operating modes, you can select one of them using the appropriate T0SCR setting: - Interval timer mode (Toggle output at T0O pin) - Capture input mode with a rising or falling edge trigger at EXT1 pin - PWM mode (PWM0O) The 16-bit timer 0 has the following functional components: - Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 2048, 512, 128, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, fxt) with multiplexer - External clock input pin, EC0 (R02) - I/O pins for capture input, EXT1 (R03) or PWM or match output PWM0O/T0O (R03) - 16-bit counter (T0CR+T1CR), 16-bit comparator, and 16-bit reference data register (T0DR+T1DR) - Timer 0 status and control register (T0SCR) - Timer 0 overflow interrupt and match interrupt generation October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 121 MC81F4x16 Function Description Interval Timer Mode A match signal is generated and T0O pins are toggled when the T0CR+T1CR register value equals the T0DR+T1DR. The match signal generates a timer match interrupt and clears the T0CR and the T1CR register. If, for example, you write the value 24H to T0DR, 10H to T1DR and 9FH to T0SCR, the counter will increment until it reaches 1024H. At this point, the Timer 0 math interrupt request is generated, the counter value is reset, and counting resumes. Pulse Width Modulation Mode Pulse width modulation (PWM) mode lets you program the width (duration) of the pulse that is output at the PWM0O pin. As in interval timer mode, a match signal is generated when the counter value is identical to the value written to the T0DR+T1DR. In PWM mode, however, the match signal does not clear the counter. Instead, it runs continuously, overflowing at FFH, and then continues incrementing from 0000H. Although you can use the match signal to generate a timer 0 overflow interrupt, interrupts are not typically used in PWM-type applications. Instead, the pulse at the PWM0O pin is held to Low level as long as the reference data value is less than or equal to ( ) the counter value and then the pulse is held to High level for as long as the data value is greater than ( > ) the counter value. One pulse width is equal to tCLK * 65536. So, the period and duty times are, Duty = tCLK * ((T1DR<<8)+T0DR) Period = tCLK * 65536 In order to generate the PWM0O signal, 3 steps are required, Steps Example C code Make sure the PWM0O port is set by PWM output mode T0CONM = 0x03; Set the T0DR, T1DR value properly T1DR = 1; T0DR = 25; T0SCR = 0xB8; Set the T0SCR register properly Capture Mode In capture mode, you have to set EXT1 interrupt. When the EXT1 interrupt is occurred, the T0CR and T1CR register value is loaded into the T0DR and T1DR register and the T0CR and T1CR register is cleared. And the timer 0 overflow interrupt is generated whenever the T0CR+T1CR value is overflowed. So, If you count how many overflow is occurred and read the T0DR+T1DR value in EXT1 interrupt routine, it is possible to measure the time between two EXT1 interrupts. Or it is possible to measure the time from the T0 initial time to the EXT1 interrupt occurred time. The time = (65536* tCLK ) * overflow_count + (tCLK * (T0CR+(T1DR<<8))) 122 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Note „tCLK‟ is the period time of the timer-counter‟s clock source You must set the T0DR and T1DR values before set the T0SCR register. Because T0DR and T1DR values are fetched when the count is started(the T0CC bit is set) or match/overflow event is occurred. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 123 MC81F4x16 19. Timer 2/3 The 8-bit timer 2/3 are an 8-bit general-purpose timer. Timer 2/3 have two operating modes, you can select one of them using the appropriate T2SCR/T3SCR setting: - Interval timer mode (Toggle output at T2O pin) - Capture input mode with a rising or falling edge trigger at EXT5/6 pin 19.1 Registers T2DR TIMER 2 DATA REGISTER 7 6 00B7H 5 T2DR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit compare value register for the timer 2 match interrupt. T2CR TIMER 2 COUNTER REGISTER 7 6 00B8H 5 T2CR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R R R R R Reset value: 00H R R R A 8-bit count register for the timer 2 124 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 T2SCR TIMER 2 STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (T2SCR) 00B6H To enable the timer 2 match interrupt, you must set “1” to T2MIE. When the timer 2 match interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the timer 1 match interrupt request flag bit, T2MIR(IRQH.3), is automatically cleared. To enable the timer 2 overflow interrupt, you must set “1” to T2OVIE. When the timer 2 overflow interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the timer 2 overflow interrupt request flag bit, T2OVIR(IRQH.2), is automatically cleared. T2SCR T2MOD – T2MS 7 6 5 4 T2MOD – T2MS T2CC R/W – R/W R/W Timer 2 mode Selection Bit bit6 Timer 2 Mode Selection Bit 3 2 1 0 T2CS R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W 0: Two 8-bit timers mode (Timer 2/3) 1: One 16-bit timer mode (Timer 2) Not used for MC81F4x32 0: Interval mode (T2O) 1: Capture mode (OVF can occur) 0: No effect T2CC Timer 2 Counter Clear Bit 1: Clear the Timer 2 counter (When write, automatically cleared “0” after being cleared counter) 0000: Counter stop 0001: Not available 0010: Not available 0011: Not available 0100: Not available 0101: External clock (EC2) rising edge 0110: External clock (EC2) falling edge T2CS Timer 2 Clock Selection Bits 0111: fxt ( sub clock ) 1000: fxx/1 1001: fxx/2 1010: fxx/4 1011: fxx/8 1100: fxx/16 1101: fxx/64 1110: fxx/256 1111: fxx/1024 Note : You must set the T2CC(T2SCR.4) bit after set T2DR register. The timer 2 counter value is compared with timer 2 buffer register instead of T2DR. And T2DR value is copied to timer 2 buffer. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 125 MC81F4x16 T3DR TIMER 3 DATA REGISTER 7 6 00BAH 5 T3DR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit compare value register for the timer 3 match interrupt. T3CR TIMER 3 COUNTER REGISTER 7 6 00BBH 5 T3CR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R R R R R Reset value: 00H R R R A 8-bit count register for the timer 3 126 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 T3SCR TIMER 3 STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (T3SCR) 00D3H To enable the timer 3 match interrupt, you must set “1” to T3MIE. When the timer 3 match interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the timer 1 match interrupt request flag bit, T3MIR(IRQH.1), is automatically cleared. To enable the timer 3 overflow interrupt, you must set “1” to T3OVIE. When the timer 3 overflow interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the timer 3 overflow interrupt request flag bit, T3OVIR(IRQH.0), is automatically cleared. T3SCR – T3MS 7 6 5 4 – – T3MS T3CC – – R/W R/W bit7 – bit6 Timer 3 Mode Selection Bit 3 2 1 0 T3CS R/W R/W R/W Reset value: R/W --00_0000b Not used for MC81F4x32 0: Interval mode 1: Capture mode (OVF can occur) 0: No effect T3CC Timer 3 Counter Clear Bit 1: Clear the Timer 3 counter (When write, automatically cleared “0” after being cleared counter) 0000: Counter stop 0001: Not available 0010: Not available 0011: Not available 0100: Not available 0101: External clock (EC3) rising edge 0110: External clock (EC3) falling edge T3CS Timer 3 Clock Selection Bits 0111: fxt ( sub clock ) 1000: fxx/2 1001: fxx/4 1010: fxx/8 1011: fxx/16 1100: fxx/32 1101: fxx/128 1110: fxx/512 1111: fxx/2048 Note : You must set the T3CC(T3SCR.4) bit after set T3DR register. The timer 3 counter value is compared with timer 3 buffer register instead of T3DR. And T3DR value is copied to timer 3 buffer. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 127 MC81F4x16 128 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 19.2 Timer 2 8-Bit Mode T2CS T2OVIE fxx/1024 fxx/256 fxx/64 fxx/16 fxx/8 fxx/4 fxx/2 fxx/1 fxt Timer 2 overflow INT enable Data BUS OVF M T2OVIR Timer 2 Overflow INT request 8 T2 Overflow Interrupt T2OVIF U 8-Bit Up Counter R (Read - only) X Clear Clear T2CC Match signal T2CR T2MIE EC2 Timer 2 match INT enable Counter stop Match 8-Bit Comparator EXT5 M U X Timer 2 Buffer Register T2MIR T2 Match Timer 2 Match INT request Interrupt T2O T2MIF T2CC Overflow signal Match signal EINT0H Timer 2 Data Register T2DR 8 EXT5 Interrupt Data BUS Figure 19-1 8-bit Timer 2 Block Diagram Timer 2 has the following functional components: - Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 1024, 256, 64, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, fxt) with multiplexer - External clock input pin, EC2 (R06) - I/O pins for capture input, EXT5 (R07) or match output T2O (R07) - 8-bit counter (T2CR), 8-bit comparator, and 8-bit reference data register (T2DR) - Timer 2 status and control register (T2SCR) - Timer 2 overflow interrupt and match interrupt generation October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 129 MC81F4x16 Function Description Interval Timer Mode A match signal is generated and T2O pins are toggled when the T2CR register value equals the T2DR register value. The match signal generates a timer match interrupt and clears the T2CR register. Capture Mode In capture mode, you have to set EXT5 interrupt. When the EXT5 interrupt is occurred, the T2CR register value is loaded into the T2DR register and the T2CR register is cleared. And the timer 2 overflow interrupt is generated whenever the T2CR value is overflowed. So, If you count how many overflow is occurred and read the T2DR value in EXT5 interrupt routine, it is possible to measure the time between two EXT5 interrupts. Or it is possible to measure the time from the T2 initial time to the EXT5 interrupt occurred time. The time = ( 256 * tCLK ) * overflow_count + (tCLK * T2DR) Note „tCLK‟ is the period time of the timer-counter‟s clock source You must set the T2DR value before set the T2SCR register. Because T2DR value is fetched when the count is started(the T2CC bit is set) or match/overflow event is occurred. 130 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 19.3 Timer 3 8-Bit Mode T3CS T3OVIE fxx/2048 fxx/512 fxx/128 fxx/32 fxx/16 fxx/8 fxx/4 fxx/2 fxt Counter stop Timer 3 overflow INT enable Data BUS OVF M T3OVIR Timer 3 Overflow INT request 8 U T3 Overflow Interrupt T3OVIF 8-Bit Up Counter R (Read - only) X Clear Clear T3CC Match signal T3CR T3MIE Timer 3 INT enable Match 8-Bit Comparator T3MIR Timer 3 Match INT request EXT6 M U X T3 Match Interrupt T3MIF Timer 3 Buffer Register T3CC Overflow signal Match signal EINT1 Timer 3 Data Register T3DR 8 EXT6 Interrupt Data BUS Figure 19-2 8-bit Timer 3 Block Diagram Timer 3 has the following functional components: - Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 2048, 512, 128, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, fxt) with multiplexer - I/O pins for capture input, EXT6 (R10) - 8-bit counter (T3CR), 8-bit comparator, and 8-bit reference data register (T3DR) - Timer 3 status and control register (T3SCR) - Timer 3 overflow interrupt and match interrupt generation October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 131 MC81F4x16 Function Description Interval Timer Mode A match signal is generated and T3O pins are toggled when the T3CR register value equals the T3DR register value. The match signal generates a timer match interrupt and clears the T3CR register. Capture Mode In capture mode, you have to set EXT6 interrupt. When the EXT6 interrupt is occurred, the T3CR register value is loaded into the T3DR register and the T3CR register is cleared. And the timer 3 overflow interrupt is generated whenever the T3CR value is overflowed. So, If you count how many overflow is occurred and read the T3DR value in EXT6 interrupt routine, it is possible to measure the time between two EXT6 interrupts. Or it is possible to measure the time from the T3 initial time to the EXT6 interrupt occurred time. The time = ( 256 * tCLK ) * overflow_count + (tCLK * T3DR) Note „tCLK‟ is the period time of the timer-counter‟s clock source You must set the T3DR value before set the T3SCR register. Because T3DR value is fetched when the count is started(the T3CC bit is set) or match/overflow event is occurred. 132 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 19.4 Timer 2 16-Bit Mode T2CS T2OVIE fxx/1024 fxx/256 fxx/64 fxx/16 fxx/8 fxx/4 fxx/2 fxx/1 fxt Timer 2 overflow INT enable Data BUS OVF M 8 T3CR U T2OVIR Timer 2 Overflow INT request T2CR 16-Bit Up Counter R (Read - only) X T2 Overflow Interrupt T2OF T2CC Match signal Clear Clear T2MIE EC2 Timer 2 INT enable Counter stop Match 16-Bit Comparator EXT5 M U X T2MIR T2 Match Interrupt Timer 2 Match INT request T2O T2MIF Timer 2 Buffer Register T2CC Overflow signal Match signal EINT0H MSB EXT5 Interrupt Timer 3 + Timer 2 Timer 2 Data Register T3DR Timer 2 (16bit) LSB T2DR 8 Data BUS Figure 19-3 16-bit Timer 2 Block Diagram The 16-bit timer 2 is a 16-bit general-purpose timer. Timer 2 has two operating modes, you can select one of them using the appropriate T2SCR setting: - Interval timer mode (Toggle output at T2O pin) - Capture input mode with a rising or falling edge trigger at EXT5 pin The 16-bit timer 2 has the following functional components: - Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 1024, 256, 64, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, fxt) with multiplexer - External clock input pin, EC2 (R06) - I/O pins for capture input, EXT5 (R07) or match output T2O (R07) - 16-bit counter (T2CR+T3CR), 16-bit comparator, and 16-bit reference data register (T2DR+T3DR) - Timer 2 status and control register (T2SCR) - Timer 2 overflow interrupt and match interrupt generation October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 133 MC81F4x16 Function Description Interval Timer Mode A match signal is generated and T2O pins are toggled when the T2CR+T3CR register value equals the T2DR+T3DR. The match signal generates a timer match interrupt and clears the T2CR and the T3CR register. If, for example, you write the value 24H to T2DR, 10H to T3DR and 9FH to T2SCR, the counter will increment until it reaches 1024H. At this point, the Timer 0 math interrupt request is generated, the counter value is reset, and counting resumes. Capture Mode In capture mode, you have to set EXT5 interrupt. When the EXT5 interrupt is occurred, the T2CR and T2CR register value is loaded into the T2DR and T3DR register and the T2CR and T3CR register is cleared. And the timer 2 overflow interrupt is generated whenever the T2CR+T3CR value is overflowed. So, If you count how many overflow is occurred and read the T2DR+T3DR value in EXT5 interrupt routine, it is possible to measure the time between two EXT5 interrupts. Or it is possible to measure the time from the T2 initial time to the EXT5 interrupt occurred time. The time = (65536* tCLK ) * overflow_count + (tCLK * (T2CR+(T3DR<<8))) Note „tCLK‟ is the period time of the timer-counter‟s clock source You must set the T2DR and T3DR values before set the T2SCR register. Because T2DR and T3DR values are fetched when the count is started(the T2CC bit is set) or match/overflow event is occurred. 134 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 20. High Speed PWM fxx/1024 fxx/256 fxx/64 fxx/16 fxx/8 fxx/4 fxx/2 fxx/1 fxt 2-bit M 8-Bit Up Counter R (Read - only) Clear T2CC Match signal T2CR T2CC Overflow signal Match signal U 2-bit X 8-Bit Comparator Match T2MIE Timer 2 Match INT enable EC2 2-bit Timer 2 Buffer Register T2MIR Counter stop T2CS 2-bit T2F Timer 2 Data Register T2DR 2-bit S 8-Bit Comparator Q M U X R POL2 2-bit PWM 2 Buffer Register S P2DH, P2DL 2-bit Q R 8-Bit Comparator 2-bit PWM 3 Buffer Register 2-bit PWM 3 Data Register PWM3O PWM 2 Data Register 2-bit 8-Bit Comparator 2-bit PWM 4 Buffer Register 2-bit S Q R POL4 T2CC Match signal T2CC Match signal P3DH, P3DL PWM2O Counter stop M U X POL3 2-bit T2 Match Interrupt Timer 2 Match INT request PPH, PPL Counter stop M U X PWM4O Counter stop PWM 4 Data Register P4DH, P4DL NOTE: 1. When you cleared the POLx and counter stop, PWMxO is high status. 2. When you set the POLx and counter stop, PWMxO is low status. (x=2, 3, 4) Figure 20-1 High Speed PWM Block Diagram The MC81F4x32 has three high speed PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) function which shared with Timer2. In PWM mode, the R11/PWM2O, R12/PWM3O, R13/PWM4O pins operate as a 10-bit resolution PWM output port. For this mode, the R11 of R1CONL, the R12 and the R13 of R1CONM should be set to alternative function mode. The period of the PWM output is determined by the T2DR (T2 data Register) and PWMPDR[1:0] (PWM Period Duty Register) and the duty of the PWM output is determined by the PWM2DR, PWM3DR, PWM4DR (PWM Data Register) and PWMPDR[7:2] (PWM Period Duty Register). User can use PWM data by writing the lower 8-bit period value to the T2DR and the higher 2-bit period value to the PWMPDR[1:0]. And the duty value can be used with the PWM2DR, PWM3DR, PWM4DR and the PWMPDR[7:2] in the same way. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 135 MC81F4x16 The bit POL2, POL3 and POL4 of PWMSCR decides the polarity of duty cycle. The duty value can be changed when the PWM outputs. However the changed duty value is output after the current period is over. And it can be maintained the duty value at present output when changed only period value shown as Example of PWM2. As it were, the absolute duty time is not changed in varying frequency. Note : When user need to change mode from the Timer2 mode to the PWM mode, the Timer2 should be stopped firstly, and then set period and duty register value. If user writes register values and changes mode to PWM mode while Timer2 is in operation, the PWM data would be different from expected data in the beginning. PWM Period = [PWMPDR[1:0]T2DR+1] X Source Clock PWM2 Duty = [PWMPDR[3:2]PWM2DR+1] X Source Clock PWM3 Duty = [PWMPDR[5:4]PWM3DR+1] X Source Clock PWM4 Duty = [PWMPDR[7:6]PWM4DR+1] X Source Clock If it needed more higher frequency of PWM, it should be reduced resolution. ~ ~ ~ ~ Note : If the duty value and the period value are same, the PWM output is determined by the bit POL (1: High, 0: Low). And if the duty value is set to “00H”, the PWM output is determined by the bit POL(1: Low, 0: High). The period value must be same or more than the duty value, and 00H cannot be used as the period value. 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 ~ ~ 80 81 82 ~ ~ ~ ~ PWM2O, POL2=0 83 84 3FC 3FD 3FE 3FF 00 01 02 03 04 ~ ~ 02 ~ ~ 01 PWM2O, POL2=1 ~ ~ 00 ~ ~ PWM Period, T2DR ~ ~ Source clock Duty Cycle [(1+0CH) X 256uS = 3.33mS Period Cycle [(1+3FFH) X 256uS = 262mS T2SCR = 1FH T2DR = 0FFH PWMSCR = 30H PWMPDR = 03H PWM2DR = 0CH Figure 20-2 Example of PWM2 at 8MHz 136 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 20.1 Registers PWMSCR PWM STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (PWMSCR) PWMSCR 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 POL4 POL3 POL2 PWMS – – – – R/W R/W R/W R/W – – – – POL4 PWM 4 Polarity Selection Bit POL3 PWM 3 Polarity Selection Bit POL2 PWM 2 Polarity Selection Bit PWMS PWM Selection Bit – 00CEH Reset value: 0-H 0: PWM 4 duty active low 1: PWM 4 duty active high 0: PWM 3 duty active low 1: PWM 3 duty active high 0: PWM 2 duty active low 1: PWM 2 duty active high 0: Timer 2 mode (interval or capture) 1: PWM mode (PWM2O, PWM3O, PWM4O ) Bit3 – bit0 Not used for MC81F4x32 PWMPDR PWM PERIOD DUTY REGISTER PWMPDR 00CFH 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P4DH P4DL P3DH P3DL P2DH P2DL PPH PPL R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W P4DH PWM 4 Duty High Bit P4DL PWM 4 Duty Low Bit P3DH PWM 3 Duty High Bit P3DL PWM 3 Duty Low Bit P2DH PWM 2 Duty High Bit P2DL PWM 2 Duty Low Bit PPH PWM Period High Bit PPL PWM Period Low Bit October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 Reset value: FFH PWM4 duty value ( 9,8th bits ) PWM3 duty value ( 9,8th bits ) PWM2 duty value ( 9,8th bits ) Period value ( 9/8th bits ) 137 MC81F4x16 PWM2DR PWM 2 DATA REGISTER 7 00D0H 6 5 PWM2DR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit data register for lower bits of 10-bit PWM 2 duty value. PWM3DR PWM 3 DATA REGISTER 7 00D1H 6 5 PWM3DR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit data register for lower bits of 10-bit PWM 3 duty value. PWM4DR PWM 4 DATA REGISTER 7 00D2H 6 5 PWM4DR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit data register for lower bits of 10-bit PWM 4 duty value. 138 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 21. BUZZER 8-bit Counter BUSS fxt fxx/16 fxx/32 fxx/64 M U X Clear BURL Match signal fBUZ Comparator F/F BUZO Buzzer buffer Register BUCK BURL Match signal BUPDR Figure 21-1 Buzzer Driver Block Diagram The buzzer driver consists of 8-bit binary counter, the buzzer period data register BUPDR, and the buzzer driver register BUZR, the clock selector. It generates square-wave which is very wide range frequency (244 Hz ~ 250 KHz at fxx = 8MHz) by user programmable counter. Pin R12/BUZO is assigned for output port of Buzzer driver by setting the bits R12 of R1 Control Middle Register (R0CONM) to “101”. The 8-bit buzzer counter is cleared and start the counting by writing signal to the register BUZR. It is increased from 00H until it matches with BUPDR[7:0]. Also, it is cleared by counter overflow and count up to output the square wave pulse of duty 50%. The bit 0 to 7 of BUPDR determines output frequency for buzzer driving. BUPDR is initialized to FFH after reset. Frequency calculation is following as shown below. BUZZER Output Freq. = October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 fBUZ 2 ∗ (BUPDR + 1) 139 MC81F4x16 21.1 Registers BUZR BUZZER DRIVER REGISTER 7 6 BUCK BUZR R/W R/W 00E5H 5 4 3 2 1 0 BUSS BURL – – – – R/W R/W – – – – Reset value: C-H 00: fxt ( sub clock ) BUCK 01: fxx/16 Buzzer Clock Selection Bit 10: fxx/32 11: fxx/64 BUSS Buzzer Start/Stop Bit BURL Buzzer Data Reload Bit – 0: Disable Buzzer 1: Enable Buzzer 0: No effect 1: Reload buzzer data to buffer bit3 – bit1 Not used for MC81F4x32 BUPDR BUZZER PERIOD DATA REGISTER 7 6 5 BUPDR 00E6H 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit data register for the buzzer period value. 140 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 21.2 Frequency table System Clock = 4MHz BUCK :01 = div16 frequency unit = High nibble 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F High nibble 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F 0 125.000 7.353 3.788 2.551 1.923 1.543 1.289 1.106 0.969 0.862 0.776 0.706 0.648 0.598 0.556 0.519 8 13.889 5.000 3.049 2.193 1.712 1.404 1.190 1.033 0.912 0.817 0.740 0.676 0.622 0.576 0.536 0.502 Ex ) BUPDR = 0xFC 1 62.500 6.944 3.676 2.500 1.894 1.524 1.276 1.096 0.962 0.856 0.772 0.702 0.644 0.595 0.553 0.517 Low nibble of BUPDR 2 3 4 5 41.667 31.250 25.000 20.833 6.579 6.250 5.952 5.682 3.571 3.472 3.378 3.289 2.451 2.404 2.358 2.315 1.866 1.838 1.812 1.786 1.506 1.488 1.471 1.453 1.263 1.250 1.238 1.225 1.087 1.078 1.068 1.059 0.954 0.947 0.940 0.933 0.850 0.845 0.839 0.833 0.767 0.762 0.758 0.753 0.698 0.694 0.691 0.687 0.641 0.638 0.635 0.631 0.592 0.590 0.587 0.584 0.551 0.548 0.546 0.543 0.514 0.512 0.510 0.508 6 17.857 5.435 3.205 2.273 1.761 1.437 1.214 1.050 0.926 0.828 0.749 0.683 0.628 0.581 0.541 0.506 7 15.625 5.208 3.125 2.232 1.736 1.420 1.202 1.042 0.919 0.822 0.744 0.679 0.625 0.579 0.539 0.504 9 12.500 4.808 2.976 2.155 1.689 1.389 1.179 1.025 0.906 0.812 0.735 0.672 0.619 0.573 0.534 0.500 Low nibble of BUPDR A B C 11.364 10.417 9.615 4.630 4.464 4.310 2.907 2.841 2.778 2.119 2.083 2.049 1.667 1.645 1.623 1.374 1.359 1.344 1.168 1.157 1.147 1.016 1.008 1.000 0.899 0.893 0.887 0.806 0.801 0.796 0.731 0.727 0.723 0.668 0.665 0.661 0.616 0.613 0.610 0.571 0.568 0.566 0.532 0.530 0.527 0.498 0.496 0.494 E 8.333 4.032 2.660 1.984 1.582 1.316 1.126 0.984 0.874 0.786 0.714 0.654 0.604 0.561 0.523 0.490 F 7.813 3.906 2.604 1.953 1.563 1.302 1.116 0.977 0.868 0.781 0.710 0.651 0.601 0.558 0.521 0.488 -> October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 D 8.929 4.167 2.717 2.016 1.603 1.330 1.136 0.992 0.880 0.791 0.718 0.658 0.607 0.563 0.525 0.492 Freq = 0.494KHz 141 KHz MC81F4x16 22. 12-BIT ADC ADCH (Select one input pin of the assigned pins) Clock Selector ADCLK AN0 AN1 AN2 Input Pins AN13 AN14 BGR EOC Flag M U X + Comparator - Reference Voltage Vref Control Logic ADDRH (R), ADDRL (R) AVss Figure 22-1 A/D Converter Block Diagram The 12-bit A/D converter (ADC) module uses successive approximation logic to convert analog levels entering at one of the 16 input channels to equivalent 12-bit digital values. The analog input level must lie between the VREF and VSS values. The A/D converter has the analog comparator with successive approximation logic, D/A converter logic (resistor string type), A/D mode register (ADMR), 16 multiplexed analog data input pins (AD0-AD14,BGR), and 12-bit A/D conversion data output register (ADDRH/ADDRL). 142 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 22.1 Registers ADMR A/D MODE REGISTER ADMR 00BDH 7 6 SSBIT EOC 5 4 3 2 ADCLK 1 0 ADCH Reset value: 00H R/W R R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W After reset, the start/stop bit is turned off. You can select only one analog input channel at a time. Other analog input (AD0-AD14,BGR) can be selected dynamically by manipulating the ADCH. And the pins not used for analog input can be used for normal I/O function. SSBIT EOC ADCLK ADCH 0: Stop operation Start or Stop bit 1: Start operation 0: Conversion not complete End of Conversion 1: Conversion complete A/D Clock Selection 00: fxx/1 01: fxx/2 10: fxx/4 11: fxx/8 A/D Input Pin Selection 0000: AN0 0001: AN1 0010: AN2 0011: AN3 0100: AN4 0101: AN5 0110: AN6 0111: AN7 1000: AN8 1001: AN9 1010: AN10 1011: AN11 1100: AN12 1101: AN13 1110: AN14 1111: BGR ADDRH A/D CONVERTER DATA HIGH REGISTER ADDRH 00BEH 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 .11 .10 .9 .8 .7 .6 .5 .4 R R R R R R R R Reset value: XXH A 8-bit data register for higher 8-bits of the 12-bit ADC result. ADDRL A/D CONVERTER DATA LOW REGISTER ADDRL 00BFH 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 .3 .2 .1 .0 - - - - R R R R R R R R Reset value: X-H A 8-bit data register for lower 4-bits of the 12-bit ADC result. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 143 MC81F4x16 22.2 Procedure To do the A/D converting, follow these basic steps: 1. Set the ADC pins as the alternative mode. 2. Set the ADMR register for - setting ADC channel - setting Clock - clearing the „End of Conversion‟ bit - starting ADC 3. Wait until ADC is finished ( check the „End of Conversion‟ bit ) When ADC is finished, EOC bit is set and SSBIT is cleared automatically. 4. Read the ADCRH and ADCRL register To initiate an analog-to-digital conversion procedure, at first you must set ADC pins to alternative function (ADC analog input) mode. And you write the channel selection data in the A/D mode register (ADMR) to select one of analog input channels and set the conversion start/stop bit, SSBIT. The pins not used for ADC can be used for normal I/O. To start the A/D conversion, you should set the start/stop bit, SSBIT. When a conversion is completed, the end-of-conversion bit, EOC is automatically set to 1 and the result is dumped into the ADDRH/ADDRL register. Then the A/D converter enters an idle state. The EOC bit is cleared when SSBIT is set. Note that, ADC interrupt is not provided. Note : Because the A/D converter has no sample-and-hold circuitry, it is very important that fluctuation of the analog level at the ADC input pins during a conversion procedure be kept to an absolute minimum. Any change in the input level, perhaps due to noise, will invalidate the result. If the chip enters to STOP or IDLE mode in conversion process, there will be a leakage current path in A/D block. You must use STOP or IDLE mode after ADC operation is finished. 22.3 Conversion Timing The A/D conversion process requires 4 steps (4 clock edges) to convert each bit and 10 clocks to setup A/D conversion. Therefore, total of 66 clocks are required to complete a 12-bit conversion: When fxx/8 is selected for conversion clock with a 12 MHz fxx clock frequency, one clock cycle is 0.66 s. Each bit conversion requires 4 clocks, the conversion rate is calculated as follows: 4 clocks/bit 14 bits + set-up time = 66 clocks, 66 clock 0.66 s = 44.0 s at 1.5 MHz (12 MHz/8) Note : The A/D converter needs at least 25 s for conversion time. So you must set the conversion time slower than 25 s. 144 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 22.4 Internal Reference Voltage In the ADC function block, the analog input voltage level is compared to the reference voltage. The analog input level must be remained within the range VSS to VREF. Different reference voltage levels are generated internally along the resistor tree during the analog conversion process for each conversion step. The reference voltage level for the first conversion bit is always 1/2 VREF. 22.5 Recommended Circuit VDD VDD + - 10 F C 104 C Analog Input VAIN 104 VREF ADC input port C 104 (*NOTE1) VSS MCU Figure 22-2 Recommended A/D Converter Circuit Note : 1. Lay out the GND of VAIN as close as possible to the power source. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 145 MC81F4x16 23. SERIAL I/O INTERFACE 3-Bit Counter Clear SIO INT SIOIR CLK SIO INT request SIOIE CCLR CSEL SIO INT enable SEDGE (Edge Select) M SCK U SIOPS fxx/2 SIOP (Shift Enable) 8-bit P.S. 1/2 X Prescaler Value = 1/(SIOPS +1) SIOM (Mode Select) CLK 8-Bit SIO Shift Buffer (SIODATA) 8 SO DAT (LSB/MSB First Mode Select) SI Data Bus Figure 23-1 SIO Block Diagram Serial I/O interface modules, SIO can interface with various types of external device that require serial data transfer. The components of SIO function block are: - 8-bit control register (SIOCR) - Clock selector logic - 8-bit data register (SIODAT) - 8-bit pre-scaler register (SIOPS) - 3-bit clock counter - Serial data I/O pins (SI, SO) - Serial clock pin (SCK) The SIO module can transmit or receive 8-bit serial data at a frequency determined by its corresponding control register settings. To ensure flexible data transmission rates, you can select internal or external clock source. 146 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 23.1 Registers SIOCR SERIAL I/O INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER 00E7H A reset clears the SIOCR register value to "00H". Whit this value, internal clock source and receiveonly mode are selected and the 3-bit counter is cleared. The data shift operation is disabled. The selected data direction is MSB-first. SIOCR 7 6 5 4 3 2 – – CSEL DAT SIOM SIOP CCLR SEDGE – – R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W – CSEL bit7 – bit6 0 Reset value: --00_0000b R/W Not used for MC81F4x32 0: Internal clock (P.S clock) SIO Shift Clock Selection Bit 1: External clock (SCK) 0: MSB-first mode DAT Data Direction Control Bit SIOM SIO Mode Selection Bit SIOP SIO Shift Operation Enable Bit CCLR SIO Counter Clear and Shift Start Bit SEDGE 1 1: LSB-first mode 0: Receive only mode 1: Transmit/Receive mode 0: Disable shifter and clock counter 1: Enable shifter and clock counter 0: No action 1: Clear 3-bit counter and start shifting 0: Tx at falling edges, Rx at rising edges Shift Clock Edge Selection Bit 1: Tx at rising edges, Rx at falling edges SIODAT SIO DATA REGISTER 7 00E8H 6 5 SIODAT 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit data register for SIO Rx/Tx data SIOPS SIO PRE-SCALER REGISTER 7 6 00E9H 5 SIOPS 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: 00H R/W R/W R/W Baud rate = (fxx/4) / (SIOPS+1) October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 147 MC81F4x16 23.2 Procedure To program the SIO module, follow these basic steps: 1. Configure the I/O pins at port (SCK/SI/SO) by loading the appropriate value to the R0CONM, R0CONH register if necessary. - If one side uses a internal clock, the other side must use a external clock. - Note that, if the external clock is used, you must set the SCK port as an input mode. 2. Set SIOPS register with proper pre-scale value. 3. Load an 8-bit value to the SIOCR to properly configure the serial I/O module. In this operation, SIOP [SIOCR.2] bit must be set to "1" to enable the data shifter. 4. For interrupt generation, set the SIO interrupt enable bit, SIOIE to "1". 5. Data transmit and receiving are occurred at the same time. So before start the shift operation, you must set the SIODAT with what you want to transmit. - When SIOM [SIOCR.3] bit is 0, it does not transmit a data. 6. When set SIOCR.1 to 1, the shift operation starts. - With internal clock: shift operation is started right after SIOCR.1 is set. - With external clock: shift operation is started when the master starts the operation. 7. When the shift operation (transmit/receive) is completed, the SIO interrupt request flag bit, SIOIR is set to "1" and SIO interrupt request is generated. - Don‟t forget to set the SIOCR.1 bit by 1, to receive next SIO data if want. When the SIO interrupt sub-routine is serviced, the SIO interrupt request flag bit, SIOIR, is cleared automatically. 148 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 24. UART Data Bus UMS0 UMS1 BRDATA TB8 D S Q CLK UDAT RxD 1/8 M U X 1/4 1/2 UMS0 UMS1 Baud Rate Generator CLK Zero Detector 1/1 TxD Write to UDAT Shift Start UCLK Tx Control Tx Clock EN Send UTIR TxD Uart Tx INT request UTIF UART Tx INT Uart Tx INT enable UTIE UART Rx INT URIE Uart Rx INT enable URIF Shift Clock Uart Rx INT request Rx Clock SDR URIR URIR Receive Rx Control 1-to-0 Transition Detector Shift Start Shift Value Bit Detector Shift Register UMS0 UMS1 UDAT RxD Data Bus Figure 24-1 UART Block Diagram The UART block has four communication modes. One synchronous mode and three UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) modes. - Mode 0 : Serial I/O with baud rate of fxx/(16 × (BRDAT+1)) half-duplex and master mode only - Mode 1 : 8-bit UART mode; variable baud rate : no parity bit - Mode 2 : 9-bit UART mode; fxx/16 - Mode 3 : 9-bit UART mode, variable baud rate October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 149 MC81F4x16 24.1 Registers UCONH UART CONTROL HIGH REGISTER (UCONH) 00FCH When current mode is 2 or 3, and the „MCE‟ bit is enabled, Rx interrupt is generated when only 9th bit of Rx data is „1‟. This feature is used to Multiprocessor Communication. See „24.4 Muti-processor Communication‟ on page 158 for more detail information. In mode 1, and the „MCE‟ bit is enabled, Rx interrupt is generated when only valid stop bit is received. In mode 0, the „MCE‟ bit must be „0‟. TB8 and RB8 bits are ignored when current mode is 0 or 1, or the „UTP(UCONL.7 / UART parity autogeneration)‟ bit is enabled. UCONH 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 UMS1 UMS0 MCE SDR TB8 RB8 – – R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W – – Reset value: 00H 00: Mode 0; Synchronous mode (fu/(16×(BRDAT+1))) UMS UART Mode Selection Bits 01: Mode 1; 8-bit UART (fu/(16×(BRDAT+1))) 10: Mode 2; 9-bit UART (fxx/16) 11: Mode 3; 9-bit UART (fu/(16×(BRDAT+1))) 0: Disable MCE Multiprocessor Communication Enable Bit (for modes 2 and 3 only) SDR Serial Data Receive Enable Bit TB8 TB8 9th bit of Tx Data RB8 RB8 9th bit of Rx Data – bit1 – bit0 1: Enable 0: Receive Disable 1: Receive Enable Not used for MC81F4x32 Note : „fu‟ is the clock source which is selected by the UCLK(UCONL.[2-3]) bits. 150 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 UCONL UART CONTROL LOW REGISTER UCONL 7 6 UTP UTPS R/W R/W 00FDH 5 4 3 URPS URPER R/W R/W 2 UCLK R/W R/W 1 0 – – – – Reset value: 00H UART Transmit Parity-bit Auto-Generation Enable Bit 0: Disable parity-bit auto-generation UTPS UART Transmit Parity-bit Selection Bit (for modes 2 and 3 only) 0: Even parity-bit URPS UART Receive Parity-bit Selection Bit (for modes 2 and 3 only) 0: Even parity-bit check UART Receive Parity-bit Error Status Bit (for modes 2 and 3 only) 0: No parity-bit error UTP URPER 1: Enable parity-bit auto-generation 1: Odd parity-bit 1: Odd parity-bit check 1: Parity-bit error 00: fxx/8 UCLK 01: fxx/4 UART Clock Selection Bits 10: fxx/2 11: fxx/1 – bit1 – bit0 Not used for MC81F4x32 UDAT UART DATA REGISTER 00FEH Both UART receive and transmit buffers are both accessed via the UDAT register even two buffers are physically separated. Writing to the UDAT register accesses the transmit buffer; reading the UDAT register accesses the receive buffer. 7 6 5 UDAT 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: XXH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit data register for UART Rx/Tx data BRDAT UART BAUD RATE DATA REGISTER 7 6 5 BRDAT 00FFH 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: FFH R/W R/W R/W A 8-bit data register for UART baud rate setting October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 151 MC81F4x16 24.2 Modes and Procedures Uart Mode 0 Write to Shift Register (UDAT) RxD (Data Out) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 Transmit Shift D7 TxD (Shift Clock) UTIR Clear URIF and set SDR URIR Receive SDR Shift D0 RxD (Data In) D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 TxD (Shift Clock) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 24-2 Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 0 Operation In mode 0, both input and output data are passed through the RxD (R14) pin and TxD (R15) pin generates the clock. Data is transmitted or received in 8-bit units only. The LSB of the 8-bit value is transmitted (or received) first. Note that, only master mode is provided. 152 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Mode 0 Transmit Procedure 1. Set Rx/Tx pins to Alternative mode. 2. Set the baud rate - Select the UART clock by setting the UCLK(UCONL.[3-2]) bits. - Set the BRDAT register properly 3. Select mode 0 by setting the USM(UCONH.[7-6]) bits. 4. Write transmission data to the UDA. After finish above steps, the data transmission will be started. And after finish the transmission, both UTIR(IRQL.3) and UTIF(INTFL.0) bits are set to „1‟ by hardware. Mode 0 Receive Procedure 1. Set the baud rate - Select the UART clock by setting the UCLK(UCONL.[3-2]) bits. - Set the BRDAT register properly 2. Select mode 0 by setting the USM(UCONH.[7-6]) bits. 3. Clear the receive interrupt request flag bit URIR(IRQL.4). 4. Set the SDR(UCONH.4 / UART receive enable bit) by „1‟. Right after finish above steps, the shift clock will be output to the TxD (R15) pin and receiving is started at the RxD (R14) pin. After finish receiving, both URIR(IRQL.4) and URIF(INTFL.1) bits are set to "1" by hardware. Uart Mode 1 Tx Clock Shift TxD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Start Bit D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 Start Bit Stop Bit Transmit Write to Shift Register (UDAT) UTIR Rx Clock RxD D7 Stop Bit Receive Bit Detect Sample Time Shift URIR Figure 24-3 Timing Diagram for UART Mode 1 Operation October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 153 MC81F4x16 In mode 1, 10-bits are transmitted (through the TxD (R15) pin) or received (through the RxD (R14) pin). Each data frame has three components: - Start bit ("0") - 8 data bits (LSB first) - Stop bit ("1") * The baud rate for mode 1 is variable depend on the BRDAT register value. * Parity bit is not available for mode 1.( mode 2,3 provide parity bit ) Mode 1 Transmit Procedure 1. Set Rx pin to input mode and Tx pin to alternative mode. 2. Set the baud rate - Select the UART clock by setting the UCLK(UCONL.[3-2]) bits. - Set the BRDAT register properly 3. Select mode 1 by setting the USM(UCONH.[7-6]) bits. 4. Write transmission data to the UDAT. After finish above steps, the data transmission will be started. And after the transmission is finished, the UTIR(IRQL.3) bit is set to „1‟ by hardware. Mode 1 Receive Procedure 1. Set Rx pin to input mode and Tx pin to alternative mode. 2. Set the baud rate - Select the UART clock by setting the UCLK(UCONL.[3-2]) bits. - Set the BRDAT register properly 3. Select mode 1 by setting the USM(UCONH.[7-6]) bits and set the SDR (UCONH.4 / Receive Enable) bit in the UCONH register to "1". After finish above steps, the receive operation starts when the signal at the RxD (R14) pin goes to low level( start bit ). After the receiving is finished, the URIR(IRQL.4) is set to "1". 154 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Uart Mode 2 / 3 Tx Clock Write to Shift Register (UDAT) TxD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 TB8 Stop Bit Start Bit D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RB8 Start Bit Transmit Shift UTIR Rx Clock RxD Stop Bit Receive Bit Detect Sample Time Shift URIR Figure 24-4 Timing Diagram for UART Mode 2 and 3 Operation The mode 2 is exactly same with mode 3 when the BRDAT register value is ‘00h’. In mode 2 the BRDAT is assumed „00h‟ even whatever value is stored in the BRDAT register. But in mode 3, the baud rate is changeable by the BRDAT register. In mode 2 and 3, 11-bits are transmitted (through the TxD (R15) pin) or received (through the RxD (R14) pin). Each data frame has four components: - Start bit ("0") - 8 data bits (LSB first) - Programmable 9th data bit - Stop bit ("1") The 9th data bit to be transmitted can be assigned a value of "0" or "1" by writing the TB8(UCONH.3) bit. When receiving, the 9th data bit that is received is written to the RB8(UCONH.2) bit, while the stop bit is ignored. The baud rate for mode 2 is fu/16 (BRDAT is ignored in mode 2). The baud rate for mode 3 is fu/(16×(BRDAT+1)). October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 155 MC81F4x16 Mode 2 / 3 Transmit Procedure 1. Set Rx pin to input mode and Tx pin to alternative mode. 2. Set the baud rate - Select the UART clock by setting the UCLK(UCONL.[3-2]) bits. - Set the BRDAT register properly( in mode 3 only ) 3. Select mode 2 or 3 by setting the USM(UCONH.[7-6]) bits. 4. Set the 9th bit, there are two way to set the 9th bit. - Set the „UTP(UCONL.7 / parity auto-generatio)‟ bit by „1‟ - Or, Clear „UTP(UCONL.7 / parity auto-generation)‟ bit by „0‟ and write the 9th bit data to the TB8(UCONH.3) bit as you want. 5. Write transmission data to the UDAT. After finish above steps, the data transmission will be started. And after finish the transmission, the UTIR(IRQL.3) bit is set to „1‟ by hardware. Mode 2 / 3 Receive Procedure 1. Set Rx pin to input mode and Tx pin to alternative mode. 2. Set the baud rate - Select the UART clock by setting the UCLK(UCONL.[3-2]) bits. - Set the BRDAT register properly( in mode 3 only ) 3. Select mode 2 or 3 by setting the USM(UCONH.[7-6]) bits. 4. If you want, set the MCE(UCONH.5 / multi-processor communication enable) bit If you do not want the MCE feature, do not have to set the MCE bit. 5. Set the SDR(UCONH.4 / receive enable) bit by „1‟. 6. After finish above steps, the receive operation starts when the signal at the RxD (R14) pin goes to low level( start bit ). After finish receiving, the URIR(IRQL.4) is set to "1". 156 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 24.3 Baud rate calculations Mode 2 The baud rate in mode 2 is fixed at the fxx clock frequency divided by 16: Mode 2 baud rate = fxx/16 Modes 0, 1 and 3 In modes 0, 1 and 3, the baud rate is determined by the UART baud rate data register, BRDAT: Mode 0, 1 and 3 baud rate = fu/(16 × (BRDATA + 1)) BRDAT Mode Mode 2 Baud Rate UART Clock DEC HEX 0.5 MHz 8 MHz X X 230,400 Hz 11.0592 MHz 02 02H 115,200 Hz 11.0592 MHz 05 05H 57,600 Hz 11.0592 MHz 11 0BH 38,400 Hz 11.0592 MHz 17 11H 19,200 Hz 11.0592 MHz 35 23H 9,600 Hz 11.0592 MHz 71 47H 4,800 Hz 11.0592 MHz 143 8FH 62,500 Hz 10 MHz 09 09H 9,615 Hz 10 MHz 64 40H 38,461 Hz 8 MHz 12 0CH 12,500 Hz 8 MHz 39 27H 19,230 Hz 4 MHz 12 0CH 9,615 Hz 4 MHz 25 19H Figure 24-5 Commonly Used Baud Rates Generated by BRDAT October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 157 MC81F4x16 24.4 Muti-processor Communication TxD RxD MASTER RxD Slave 1 TxD RxD Slave 1 TxD RxD TxD Slave N Figure 24-6 Connection Example for Multiprocessor Serial Data Communications The MC81F4x32 multiprocessor communication features lets a "master" device send a multiple-frame serial message to a "slave" device in a multi-processor configuration. It does this without interrupting other slave devices that may be on the same serial line. This feature can be used only in UART modes 2 or 3. In these modes 2 and 3, 9 data bits are th received. The 9 bit value is written to RB8 (UCONH.2). The data receive operation is concluded with a stop bit. You can program this function so that when the stop bit is received, the serial interrupt will be generated only if RB8 = "1". To enable this feature, you set the MCE bit in the UCONH register. When the MCE bit is "1", serial data frames that are received with the 9th bit = "0" do not generate an interrupt. In this case, the 9th bit simply separates the address from the serial data. Sample Protocol for Master/Slave Interaction When the master device wants to transmit a block of data to one of several slaves on a serial line, it first sends out an address byte to identify the target slave. Note that in this case, an address byte differs from a data byte: In an address byte, the 9th bit is "1" and in a data byte, it is "0". The address byte interrupts all slaves so that each slave can examine the received byte and see if it is being addressed. The addressed slave then clears its MCE bit and prepares to receive incoming data bytes. The MCE bits of slaves that were not addressed remain set, and they continue operating normally while ignoring the incoming data bytes. While the MCE bit setting has no effect in mode 0, it can be used in mode 1 to check the validity of the stop bit. For mode 1 reception, if MCE is "1", the receive interrupt will be issue unless a valid stop bit is received. 158 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Setup Procedure for Multiprocessor Communications Follow these steps to configure multiprocessor communications: 1. Set all MC81F4x32 devices (masters and slaves) to UART mode 2 or 3. 2. Write the MCE bit of all the slave devices to "1". 3. The master device's transmission protocol is: - First byte: the address identifying the target slave device (9th bit = "1") - Next bytes: data (9th bit = "0") 4. When the target slave receives the first byte, all of the slaves are interrupted because the 9th data bit is "1". The targeted slave compares the address byte to its own address and then clears its MCE bit in order to receive incoming data. The other slaves continue operating normally. 24.5 Interrupt Interrupt Timing In mode 0, the URIR(IRQL.4) bit is set to "1" when the 8th receive data bit has been shifted. In mode 1, the URIR(IRQL.4) bit is set to "1" at the halfway point of the stop bit's shift time. In mode 2, or 3, the URIR(IRQL.4) bit is set to "1" at the halfway point of the RB8 bit's shift time. When the CPU has acknowledged the receive interrupt request flag condition, the URIR(IRQL.4) bit is automatically cleared. In mode 0, the UTIR(IRQL.3) bit is set to "1" when the 8th transmit data bit has been shifted. In mode 1, 2, or 3, the UTIR(IRQL.3) bit is set at the start of the stop bit. When the CPU has acknowledged the transmit interrupt request flag condition, the UTIR(IRQL.3) 4 bit is automatically cleared. Shared Interrupt Vector In case of using interrupts of UART Tx and UART Rx together, it is necessary to check UTIF and URIF in interrupt service routine to find out which interrupt is occurred, because the UART Tx and UART Rx is shared with the same interrupt vector address. These flag bits must be cleared by software after reading this register. ( UTIF and URIF are placed in INTFL register. See „9.6 Control Registers ( SFR )‟ on page 56) October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 159 MC81F4x16 25. SLAVE IIC IIC is used to communicate between some devices with 2 lines which are SDA(Serial Data Line) and SCL(Serial Clock Line). Both two lines are bidirectional open drain lines which are pulled up with registers. IIC provides „standard mode‟ (max 100Kbps) and „fast mode‟ (max 400Kbps). 25.1 Roles There are two roles in an IIC communication. Which are „master‟ and „slave‟. - Master : that generates the clock and transfer slave‟s address. - Slave : that receives the clock and matched with message‟s slave address. Note: MC81F4x32 provides the slave mode only. 25.2 Registers Address Register (IICAR) Compare SCL IIC-Bus Control Logic (IICSCR) Data Shifter (IICDSR) Interrupt SDA Data Bus Figure 25-1 Registers for IIC 160 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 IICSCR SLAVE IIC STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER IICSCR 7 6 ACKE IICEN R/W R/W 5 4 IICIFEN IICAZS R/W R 00E2H 3 2 1 0 IICTR IICBS SAM IICLR R/W R R R ACKE IIC-Bus Acknowledgement Enable Bit IICEN IIC-Bus Module Enable Bit IICIFEN IICAZS IICTR IICIF Enable/Disable Bit IIC-Bus Address Zero Status Flag Slave IIC-Bus Tx/Rx mode Status Bit Reset value: 00H 0: Disable ACK generation 1: Enable ACK generation 0: Disable IIC-Bus module 1: Enable IIC-Bus module 0: IICIF (interrupt flag) cannot be generated and IIC interrupt is disabled. 1: IICIF (interrupt flag) can be generated and IIC interrupt is also enabled. 0: It is cleared when start or stop condition is generated. 1: It is set when received slave address is 00H (general call) It is set or cleared by W/R signal from the master. 0: Slave Receive mode 1: Slave transmit mode IICBS SAM IICLR IIC-Bus Busy Status Bit Slave Address Match Bit IIC-Bus Last Received Bit Status Bit 0: IIC-bus is not busy (It is cleared when „stop‟ condition is received). 1: IIC-bus is busy (It is set when „start‟ condition is received). 0: It is cleared when start or stop or reset condition is generation 1: When received slave address value matches to „SIAR‟ register 0: Last-received 9th bit is “0” (ACK was received) 1: Last-received 9th bit is “1” (ACK was not received) Note : The IICIFEN must be set by „1‟ to use IIC interrupt. If it is cleared by „0‟ IIC interrupt is not occurred. So, in order to use IIC interrupt, both IICIFEN(IICSCR.5) and IICEN(IENL.7) must be set by „1‟. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 161 MC81F4x16 IICDSR IIC DATA SHIFT REGISTER 7 6 00E4H 5 IICDSR 4 3 2 1 0 One byte register R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset value: XXH R/W R/W R/W When only IICSCR.6=‟1‟, write operation is enabled. But read operation is possible at anytime, regardless of the current IICSCR.6 bit setting. A 8 bit register for Tx/Rx data of slave IIC. Note that, When only the IICEN(IICSCR.6) bit is enabled, writing to the „IICAR‟ is available. But reading is possible anytime, regardless of the current IICEN(IICSCR.6) bit status. IICAR IIC ADDRESS REGISTER 7 6 IICAR 00E3H 5 4 3 2 1 7 bits address data R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 0 - R/W R/W Reset value: XXH R/W A 8 bit register for the 7 bit slave address. Note that, When only the IICEN(IICSCR.6) bit is disabled, writing to the „IICAR‟ is available. But reading is possible anytime, regardless of the current IICEN(IICSCR.6) bit status. 162 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 25.3 Message format Figure 25-2 Data transfer on the IIC-BUS START, Repeated START and STOP One IIC data message is started by „START condition‟ and finished by „STOP‟ or „START‟ condition. If one message is finished by „START‟ condition, it means both an end of the current message and a start of the next message at the same time. So we call it „repeated START condition‟. Repeated START is used to keep the IIC communication bus. If master transmit the STOP condition, other masters can take the bus. To prevent it, the repeated START condition is used. When SDA(data line) is changed while SCL(clock line) is staying high, it must be one of START, repeated Start or STOP condition. In other words, changing SDA state while SCL is staying high is not possible except those conditions. START : SDA is changed from HIGH to LOW while SCL is staying high. STOP : SDA is changed from LOW to HIGH while SCL is staying high. Repeated START : START condition at the end of the frame. Message Transmit After START or repeated START condition, one byte data is transferred from master to slave. The first one byte data consist of 7 bit address and 1 bit read/write flag. And 1 bit ACK(acknowledge) is transferred from slave to master to notice that receiving process is correctly finished and the slave address is matched. Note: Simply transmitting „0‟ is ACK. After then, one or more data bytes are transferred. The data bytes are sent MSB first. It is possible both master to slave and slave to master based on the read/write bit flag (the last bit of the first one byte). Write = read/write bit is 0 = data is transferred from master to slave. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 163 MC81F4x16 Read = read/write bit is 1 = data is transferred from slave to master. After each data bytes are transferred, ACK can be transferred from receiver. But meaning is different based on situation. - Write time : master transmit and slave receive, slave transmit a ACK when one byte data is correctly received. So, slave must transmit a ACK when receive is finished. - Read time : slave transmit and slave receive, master transmit a ACK when there are more bytes to transmit. So, if there is no more data to transmit, master dose not transmit a ACK. Figure 25-3 Acknowledge on the IIC-BUS 1 Bit Transmit Figure 25-4 Bit transfer on the IIC-BUS The data bytes and ACK are consist of one bit transmits. If SDA is not changed while SCL is staying high, SDA status is one bit data. As already said, If SDA is changed while SCL is staying high, it is START or STOP condition. Therefore, transfer device change the SDA status while SCL is staying low. And when SCL is going to low, 1 bit transmit is finished. 1 bit data value and state are, 1 : high state ( more preciously said, line is open-drained and pulled up ). 0 : low state 164 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 25.4 Procedure Initialization Following steps initialize the IIC slave. 1. Set SCL and SDA pins as an alternative mode. Set the R1CONH[7~4] bits by “1010b”. 2. Set the slave address by setting the IICAR register. 3. Enable IIC module and the interrupt : Set the ACKE bit by „1‟ Set the IICEN bit by „1‟ Set the IICIFEN bit by „1‟. ( If it is cleared by „0‟, IIC interrupt is not occurred ) -> Or you can simply set the IICSCR register by „E0h‟. After finish above steps, IIC interrupt is enabled. So The IIC interrupt will be generated after receive or transmit one byte. Interrupt Routine Procedure Simply say, when you write a byte to the IICDSR, it is transmitted and when a byte is received, you can read it from the IICDSR register. But, the master has a right to decide the read/write mode. And the master sends 1-bit R/W mode flag after 7-bit slave address. And it is stored in the IICTR(IICSCR.3) bit when it is received. So you can recognize current Rx/Tx mode. And you have to react based on the IICTR(IICSCR.3) bit. The IICTR(IICSCR.3) bit equals „1‟ means that the master want to read from the slave. So, In this case, Slave-IIC‟s mode is changed into „transmit mode‟ automatically. So, in this case you have to write a data to the IICDSR register as you want. The IICTR(IICSCR.3) bit equals „0‟ means that the master want to write to the slave. So, In this case, Slave-IIC‟s mode is changed into „receive mode‟ automatically. So, in this case you have to read a data from the IICDSR register. Before finish the IIC interrupt routine, you have to clear the IICIF bit. When the IICIF bit is cleared, the SCL line is released. If it is not cleared, the SCL line is holding down to low status. While in this condition, master can‟t continue the IIC communication. In order to recognize current received byte‟s position in the message, you have to count the IIC interrupts. Based on the position information October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 165 MC81F4x16 Figure 25-5 IIC Salve Receiving Timing Diagram Figure 25-6 IIC Slave Transmit Timing Diagram 166 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 26. RESET 26.1 Reset Process 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FFFE FFFF start Oscillator RESETB Address Bus Data Bus FE Tst = Stabilization Time 1 X 256 fxin / 1024 ? ADL RESET Process Step ADH OP Main Program Figure 26-1 Timing Diagram After Reset When the reset event is occurred, there is a „stabilization time‟ at the beginning. This time is counted from 00h to FFh by BIT. So it takes 1/(fxin/1024) * 256 second. After that, the „reset process step‟ is started. It takes 6 system clock time. At this time, following statuses are initialized. On- chip Hardware Program Counter ( PC ) Initial Value high byte = a byte at FFFFh low byte = a byte at FFFEh FFFFh and FFFEh stores the reset vector. RAM Page Register ( PRP ) 0 G-flag ( G ) 0 Operation Mode OSCS setting of Rom option Control registers Initialized by reset values (See „9.6 Control Registers ( SFR )‟ on page 56) Low Voltage Reset LVREN setting of Rom option 26-1 Initializing Status by Reset After that, the main program execution is started from the reset vector address which is stored at FFFFh and FFFFEh. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 167 MC81F4x16 26.2 Reset Sources External RESET Noise canceller WDT Reset POR/LVR S Noise canceller Power on reset or Low voltage reset Q Internal RESET Overflow R Clear BIT Figure 26-2 Reset Sources Diagram There are four reset sources in MC81F4x32. Those are external reset, watch dog timer reset, power on reset and low voltage reset. 26.3 External Reset When the external reset is enabled and the input signal of RESET pin is going to low for a while and going to high, the external reset is occurred.( See „7.7 Serial I/O Characteristics‟ on page 33 for more timing information.) It is possible to use a external power on reset circuit like Figure 26-3. Figure 26-3 External Power On Reset Example 26.4 Watch Dog Timer Reset See „16. WATCH DOG TIMER‟ on page 108. 168 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 26.5 Power On Reset There is a internal power on reset circuit internally. We simply call it POR. POR occurs the reset event when VDD is rising over the POR level. Note that, POR can be enabled and disabled by the PORC register. And default setting is „POR enable‟. So at the first time power is supplied, POR is working always even external reset is enabled. PORC POWER ON RESET CONTROL REGISTER 7 6 5 PORC (00F3H) 4 3 2 1 One byte register POR Enable/Disable 0 Reset value:00H 01011010: POR disable Others: POR enable Note : It is recommended to disable the POR. When POR is enabled, current consumption is increased and, the LVR(Low Voltage Reset) is ignored even the LVR is enabled by the „ROM OPTION‟. 26.6 Low Voltage Reset Figure 26-4 LVR Timing Diagram at 4MHz system clock The low voltage reset occurs the reset event when current VDD is going down under the LVR level. It is configurable by the rom-option. ( See „8. ROM OPTION‟ on page 47) If you want to know more detail timing information, see „7.9 LVR (Low Voltage Reset) Electrical Characteristics‟ on page 36. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 169 MC81F4x16 27. POWER DOWN OPERATION In the power-down modes, power consumption is reduced considerably. For applications where power consumption is a critical factor, device provides two kinds of power saving functions, STOP mode and SLEEP mode. Table 27-1 on page 96, shows the status of each Power Saving Mode. SLEEP mode is entered by the SSCR register to “0Fh”. and STOP mode is entered by STOP instruction after the SSCR register to “5Ah”. 27.1 Sleep Mode In this mode, the internal oscillation circuits remain active. Oscillation continues and peripherals are operated normally but CPU stops. Movement of all peripherals is shown in Table 27-1 on page 96. SLEEP mode is entered by setting the SSCR register to “0Fh”. It is released by Reset or interrupt. To be released by interrupt, interrupt should be enabled before SLEEP mode. SSCR STOP AND SLEEP CONTROL REGISTER 7 6 5 SSCR 4 00F5H 3 2 1 0 One byte register W W W W It is used to set the stop or sleep mode. W Reset value: 00H W W W 5Ah : STOP 0Fh : SLEEP Note : To get into STOP mode, SSCR must be set to 5AH just before STOP instruction execution. At STOP mode, Stop & Sleep Control Register (SSCR) value is cleared automatically when released. To get into SLEEP mode, SSCR must be set to 0FH. Release the SLEEP mode The exit from SLEEP mode is hardware reset or all interrupts. Reset re-defines all the Control registers but does not change the on-chip RAM (Be careful, If the code is compiled with RAM clear option, RAM is cleared after reset by ram clear routine. It is possible to disable the RAM clear option by option menu). Interrupts allow both on-chip RAM and Control registers to retain their values. If Iflag = 1, the normal interrupt response takes place. If I-flag = 0, the chip will resume execution starting with the instruction following the SLEEP instruction. It will not vector to interrupt service routine. (refer to Figure 27-3) When exit from SLEEP mode by reset, enough oscillation stabilization time is required to normal operation. Figure 27-2 shows the timing diagram. When released from the SLEEP mode, the Basic interval timer is activated on wake-up. It is increased from 00H until FFH. The count overflow is set to start normal operation. 170 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Note : After SLEEP mode, at least one or more NOP instruction for data bus pre-charge time should be written. LDM SSCR,#0FH NOP NOP ;for data bus pre-charge time ;for data bus pre-charge time Figure 27-1 SLEEP Mode Release Timing by External Interrupt Figure 27-2 Timing of SLEEP Mode Release by Reset October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 171 MC81F4x16 27.2 Stop Mode In the Stop mode, the system clock and the peripheral clocks are stopped, but the unselected clock source is keep running. See the” Table 27-1 Peripheral Operation During Power Saving Mode” for more information. The states of the RAM, registers, and latches valid immediately before the system is put in the STOP state are all held. The program counter stop the address of the instruction to be executed after the instruction "STOP" which starts the STOP operating mode. Note : The Stop mode is activated by execution of STOP instruction after setting the SSCR to “5AH”. (This register should be written by byte operation. If this register is set by bit manipulation instruction, for example "set1" or "clr1" instruction, it may be undesired operation) In the Stop mode of operation, VDD can be reduced to minimize power consumption. Care must be taken, however, to ensure that VDD is not reduced before the Stop mode is invoked, and that VDD is restored to its normal operating level, before the Stop mode is terminated. The reset should not be activated before VDD is restored to its normal operating level, and must be held active long enough to allow the oscillator to restart and stabilize. Note : After STOP instruction, at least two or more NOP instruction should be written. Ex) LDM CKCTLR,#0FH ;more than 20ms LDM SSCR,#5AH STOP NOP ;for stabilization time NOP ;for stabilization time In the STOP operation, the dissipation of the power associated with the oscillator and the internal hardware is lowered; however, the power dissipation associated with the pin interface (depending on the external circuitry and program) is not directly determined by the hardware operation of the STOP feature. This point should be little current flows when the input level is stable at the power voltage level (VDD/VSS); however, when the input level gets higher than the power voltage level (by approximately 0.3 to 0.5V), a current begins to flow. Therefore, if cutting off the output transistor at an I/O port puts the pin signal into the high-impedance state, a current flow across the ports input transistor, requiring to fix the level by pull-up or other means. 172 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Release the STOP mode The source for exit from STOP mode is hardware reset, external interrupt, Timer, Watch Timer, IIC Slave, SIO or UART. Reset re-defines all the Control registers but does not change the on-chip RAM(Be careful, If the code is compiled with RAM clear option, RAM is cleared after reset by ram clear routine. It is possible to disable the RAM clear option by option menu). If I-flag = 1, the normal interrupt response takes place. If I-flag = 0, the chip will resume execution starting with the instruction following the STOP instruction. It will not vector to interrupt service routine. (refer to Figure 27-3) When exit from Stop mode by external interrupt, enough oscillation stabilization time is required to normal operation. Figure 27-4 shows the timing diagram. When released from the Stop mode, the Basic interval timer is activated on wake-up. It is increased from 00H until FFH. The count overflow is set to start normal operation. Therefore, before STOP instruction, user must be set its relevant prescaler divide ratio to have long enough time (more than 20msec). This guarantees that oscillator has started and stabilized. By reset, exit from Stop mode is shown in Figure 27-5. Figure 27-3 STOP Releasing Flow by Interrupts October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 173 MC81F4x16 Figure 27-4 STOP Mode Release Timing by External Interrupt Figure 27-5 of STOP Mode Release by Reset 174 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 27.3 Sleep vs Stop Peripheral STOP STOP in Main OSC in SUB OSC SLEEP Mode CPU Stop Stop RAM Retain Retain I/O Ports Retain Retain Control Registers Retain Retain Address Data Bus Retain Retain ADC Stop Operate Usart Stop Operate Only operated with external clock Operate Operate Operate Basic Interval Timer Stop Operate Watchdog Timer Stop Operate SIO IIC Slave Watch Timer with System clock Stop Operate Timer/Counter with System clock Stop Operate Buzzer with System clock Stop Operate Watch Timer with Sub clock Operate Stop Operate Timer/Counter with Sub clock Operate Stop Operate Buzzer with Sub clock Operate Stop Operate Main Oscillator Stop Oscillation Oscillation Sub Oscillator Oscillation Stop Oscillation Release Source Reset, Timer(0,1,2,3) Reset, All Interrupts ,Watch Timer(with Sub clock) , SIO, USART, IIC Slave ,External Interrupt Table 27-1 Peripheral Operation During Power Saving Mode Note: In the stop mode, system clock source is stopped. But unselected clock source is not stopped. For example, when main oscillator is selected as the system clock and the stop instruction is executed, main oscillator is stopped, but sub oscillator is not stopped. (assume that, both oscillator are working before stop instruction) In this case, the watch timer can be operated with sub oscillator. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 175 MC81F4x16 27.4 Changing the stabilizing time After reset or wake up from the stop/sleep mode, there is a stabilizing time to make sure the system oscillation is stabilized. Actually the stabilizing time is the basic interval timer‟s one cycle time. So it is adjustable by changing the basic interval timer‟s clock division.( See chapter „15.BASIC INTERVAL TIMER‟ at page 106 to know how to change the basic interval timer‟s clock division.) It is useful to reduce the power consumption in battery operation with stop/sleep mode. In the battery operation, reducing normal operation time is the key-point to reducing the power consumption. Note that, it is not possible after reset. Because after reset, the control registers are initialized. 27.5 Minimizing Current Consumption The Stop mode is designed to reduce power consumption. To minimize current drawn during Stop mode, the user should turnoff output drivers that are sourcing or sinking current, if it is practical. When port is configured as an input, input level should be closed to 0V or 5V to avoid power consumption. Figure 27-6 Application Example of Unused Input Port 176 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 In the left case, much current flows from port to GND. In the left case, Tr. base current flows from port to GND. To avoid power consumption, there should be low output to the port. Figure 27-7 Application Example of Unused Output Port Note : In the STOP operation, the power dissipation associated with the oscillator and the internal hardware is lowered; however, the power dissipation associated with the pin interface (depending on the external circuitry and program) is not directly determined by the hardware operation of the STOP feature. This point should be little current flows when the input level is stable at the power voltage level (VDD/VSS); however, when the input level becomes higher than the power voltage level (by approximately 0.3V), a current begins to flow. Therefore, if cutting off the output transistor at an I/O port puts the pin signal into the high impedance state, a current flow across the ports input transistor, requiring it to fix the level by pull-up or other means. It should be set properly in order that current flow through port doesn't exist. First consider the port setting to input mode. Be sure that there is circuit. In input mode, the pin impedance viewing from external MCU is very high that the current doesn‟t flow. But input voltage level should be VSS or VDD. Be careful that if unspecified voltage, i.e. if uncertain voltage level (not VSS or VDD) is applied to input pin, there can be little current (max. 1mA at around 2V) flow. If it is not appropriate to set as an input mode, then set to output mode considering there is no current flow. The port setting to High or Low is decided by considering its relationship with external circuit. For example, if there is external pull-up resistor then it is set to output mode, i.e. to High, and if there is external pull-down register, it is set to low. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 177 MC81F4x16 28. EMULATOR ⑤ ① ② ④ ③ ⑥ ⑦ 178 ⑧ October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Mark Name Description SW5.1 – SELL4416 Those two switch are used to select the device mode SW5.2 – SELL4204 SW5.1 :On & SW5.2:On : 4432 mode SW5.1 :Off & SW5.2:On : 4416 mode SW5.1 :On & SW5.2:Off : 4204 mode ① SW5.3 - MODE It is used for developing emulator. So, user must turn it off always. SW5.4 Not Connected SW4.1 – OSCS.0 Rom Option bit 0~2 : OSC Selection bits SW4.2 – OSCS.1 ( On : 1, Off : 0 ) SW4.3 – OSCS.2 000: External RC 001: Internal RC; 4MHz 010: Internal RC; 2MHz 011: Internal RC; 1MHz 100: Internal RC; 8MHz 101: Not available 110: Not available 111: Crystal/ceramic oscillator ② SW4.4 Not Connected SW4.5 Not Connected SW4.6 – LVRS.0 Rom Option bit 5~6 : Low Voltage Reset Level Selection bit SW4.7 – LVRS.1 ( On: 1, Off : 0 ) SW4.8 – LVREN 00: 2.4V 10: 3.0V 01: 2.7V 11: 4.0V Rom Option bit 7 : Low Voltage Reset Enable bit On : (1) Disable ( RESETB ) Off : (0) Enable ( R35 ) SW3.1 – R34 On : Connect the XTAL to R34/XIN pin Off : Disconnect SW3.2 – R33 On : Connect the XTAL to R33/XOUT pin Off : Disconnect SW3.3 – R34 ③ On : Connect the EXT.RC to R34/XIN pin Off : Disconnect SW3.4 – R35 On : Connect the Reset to R35/Reset pin Off : Disconnect SW3.5 – R00 On : Connect the Sub-Clock to R00/SXIN pin Off : Disconnect SW3.6 – R01 On : Connect the Sub-Clock to R01/SXOUT pin Off : Disconnect October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 179 MC81F4x16 Mark Name Description ④ X2 A Oscillator socket X1 A Crystal/Resonator socket C11 A capacitor socket for crystal C12 A capacitor socket for crystal R8 Register socket for External RC Oscillator SW2 – EVA PWR SEL Eva.Board power source selection switch ⑤ ⑥ User‟s power source is supplied from the connector V_USER(⑦) which is described below. ⑦ V_USER A connector for power source which can be used for Eva.Board. ⑧ J_USERA A connecter for target system. Note : Only GND is connected between Eva.Board and the target system. VDD is not connected. So, the target system is required it‟s own power source. 180 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 29. IN SYSTEM PROGRAMMING 29.1 Getting Started The In-System Programming (ISP) is an ability to program the code into the MCU while it is installed in a complete system. USB_SIO_ISP uses both USB to communicate with PC and SIO to communicate with MCU. That is why we call it as „USB_SIO_ISP‟. In fact there are another ISP types. So remember that all MC81F4xxx series use „USB_SIO_ISP‟. Here is a procedure to use ISP. 1. Power off the target system. If you use the RESET/Vpp pin as an output mode, power on timing is very important. So you must read „Entering ISP mode at power on time‟ and strictly obey the procedure. 2. Install the USB_SIO_ISP software. (It is required at only first time) 1) Download the ISP software from http://www.abov.co.kr 2) Unzip the downloaded file and connect the USB_SIO_ISP board. 3) Install the driver for USB_SIO_ISP. (There is a driver file in the zip file.) 3. Make sure the hardware condition is satisfied. And connect the ISP cable. See „29.3 Hardware Conditions to Enter the ISP Mode‟ page 184, 4. Run the software and select a device. All commands are enabled after select the device. 5. Power on the target system. If you use the RESET/Vpp pin as an input mode, power on timing is not that important. But make sure the power is turned-on before execute the ISP commands. 6. Execute ISP commands as you want. If you want to write a code into your MCU, it is recommendable to do following step. „Load File‟ -> „Auto‟( while „Auto Option Write‟ and „Auto Show Option‟ options are enabled ). After finish an ISP command is executed, the MCU enters to normal operation mode automatically. So you can see the system is working right after the ISP command is finished. ( „Auto‟ is assumed as one command‟) In fact, it is possible to repeat the step-6 until the hardware condition is changed. But in case of RESET/Vpp pin is used as an output mode, do not repeat step-6. In that case, you must follow the procedure. See „Entering ISP mode at power on time‟ for more information. After you change the „Rom Option‟, you must do power-off and power-on to reflect the changed „Rom Option‟, even you can repeat the step-6 and see the changed code‟s operation without doing it. The MCU reads the „Rom option‟ when only the „power on reset time‟. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 181 MC81F4x16 29.2 Basic ISP S/W Information Figure 29-1 ISP Software The Figure 29-1 is the USB_SIO_ISP software based on MS-Windows. This software supports only SIO_ISP type devices. Function Description Load File Load the data from the selected file storage into the memory buffer. Save File Save the current data in your memory buffer to a disk storage by using the Intel Motorola HEX format. Blank Check Verify whether or not a device is in an erased or unprogrammed state. Program This button enables you to place new data from the memory buffer into the target device. Program Write the current data into the MCU. Read Read the data in the target MCU into the buffer for examination. The checksum will be displayed on the checksum box. 182 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Verify Assures that data in the device matches data in the memory buffer. If your device is secured, a verification error is detected. Erase Erase the data in your target MCU before programming it. Option Selection Set the configuration data of target MCU. The security locking is set with this button. Option Write Progam the configuration data of target MCU. The security locking is performed with this button. AUTO Following sequence is performed ; 1.Erase 2.Program 3.Verify 4.Option Write Auto Option Write Enable the option writing when the „AUTO‟ sequence is executing. Auto Show Option Enable showing the option window when „AUTO‟ button is pressed. Ver. Info It shows the version information. Log It shows/hides the log windows Hex Edit It shows/hides „Hex editor‟. In „Hex editor‟ you can modify the currently loaded data. Fill Buffer Fill the selected area with a data. Goto Display the selected page. Start ______ Starting address End ______ End address Checksum Display the check sum(Hex decimal) after reading the target device. Option It shows currently selected option code in hexadecimal. Device Select It is used to select a target device. Device It shows currently selected device. Note: MCU Configuration value is erased after erase operation. It must be configured to match with user target board. Otherwise, it is failed to enter ISP mode, or its operation is not desirable. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 183 MC81F4x16 29.3 Hardware Conditions to Enter the ISP Mode Anytime RESET/ Vpp pin goes +9V, the MCU entering an ISP mode except RESET/Vpp pin is output mode(See note1). User Target Board User reset circuitry VDD(+5v) 0.1uF 75KΩ USB-SIO-ISP B/D 10-pin connector 7 5 3 1 PCB 10 8 6 4 2 Top View 9 VDD GND SCLK SDATA VPP RESET/Vpp SDATA SCLK Xout Xin GND VDD 1. If other signals affect SIO communication in ISP mode, disconnect these pins by using a jumper or a switch. Figure 29-2 Hardware Conditions to Enter the ISP Mode Note: 1) Using RESET/Vpp pin as an output mode is not recommended even it is possible. Anytime RESET/Vpp pin goes +9v, the MCU entering an ISP mode except RESET/Vpp pin is output mode. If it is output mode, +9v signal is clashing with the output voltage. So if RESET/Vpp pin is used as an output mode, do not try to execute any ISP commands when MCU is in normal operation mode. It is allowable when only power on time. See „Entering ISP mode at power on time‟ for more information. 2) There is a 10KΩ pull-down register at VPP pin in the ISP Board. That is why 75KΩ register is suggested for R/C reset circuit. So those two register makes a voltage divider circuit when ISP board is connected. So the VPP level can‟t go down to low level status if the register of reset circuit value is too small. Otherwise, if the register value is too large the capacitor value also changed and the reset circuit‟s characteristics also changed. 184 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 29.4 Entering ISP mode at power on time Basically anytime +9v signal is forced to RESET/Vpp pin, the MCU is entering into ISP mode. But it makes trouble when the RESET/Vpp pin is output mode. Because the +9v signal is clashing with the port‟s output voltage. But it is possible to enter the ISP mode at the power on time even RESET/Vpp pin is used as an output mode. There is an oscillator stabilizing time when power is turn on. While in the time RESET/Vpp pin is in input mode even it is used as an output mode in operation time. A proper procedure is required to make sure that ISP board catch the oscillator stabilizing time to enter the ISP mode. See following procedure. 1. Power off the target system. 2. Configure the target system as ISP mode. 3. Attach a ISP B/D into the target system. 4. Run the ISP S/W 5. Select the target device. 6. Power on the target system. 7. Execute ISP commands as you want. Note : Power on the target system after select the target device is essential. Because when target device is selected, ISP board is getting ready to catch the proper timing to rise the Vpp(+9v) signal. October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 185 MC81F4x16 29.5 USB-SIO-ISP Board Connect USB -mini type cable Figure 29-3 USB-SIO-ISP Board 186 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 30. INSTRUCTION SET 30.1 Terminology List A Accumulator X X - register Y Y - register PSW Program Status Word #imm 8-bit Immediate data dp Direct Page Offset Address !abs Absolute Address [] Indirect expression {} Register Indirect expression { }+ Register Indirect expression, after that, Register auto-increment .bit Bit Position A.bit Bit Position of Accumulator dp.bit Bit Position of Direct Page Memory M.bit Bit Position of Memory Data (000H~0FFFH) rel Relative Addressing Data upage U-page (0FF00H~0FFFFH) Offset Address n Table CALL Number (0~15) + Addition x Upper Nibble Expression in Opcode when it is even number (bit7~bit5, bit4=0) 0 Bit Position y Upper Nibble Expression in Opcode when it is odd number (bit7~bit5, bit4=1) 1 Bit Position Subtraction Multiplication Division () Contents Expression ∧ AND ∨ OR Exclusive OR ~ NOT ← Assignment / Transfer / Shift Left → Shift Right October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 187 MC81F4x16 ↔ Exchange = Equal ≠ Not Equal 30.2 Instruction Map LOW 00000 00001 00010 00011 00100 00101 00110 00111 01000 01001 01010 01011 01100 01101 01110 01111 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F SET1 BBS BBS ADC ADC ADC ADC ASL ASL TCALL SETA1 BIT POP PUSH dp.bit A.bit,rel dp.bit,rel #imm dp dp+X !abs A dp 0 dp A A SBC SBC SBC SBC ROL ROL TCALL CLRA1 COM POP PUSH BRA #imm dp dp+X !abs A dp 2 dp X X CLRG CMP CMP CMP CMP LSR LSR TCALL NOT1 TST POP PUSH PCALL #imm dp dp+X !abs A dp 4 dp Y Y DI OR OR OR OR ROR ROR TCALL OR1 CMPX POP PUSH #imm dp dp+X !abs A dp 6 dp PSW CLRV AND AND AND AND INC INC TCALL AND1 #imm dp dp+X !abs A dp 8 SETC EOR EOR EOR EOR DEC DEC TCALL EOR1 #imm dp dp+X !abs A dp 10 SETG LDA LDA LDA LDA LDY TCALL LDC LDX LDX #imm dp dp+X !abs dp 12 dp dp+Y EI LDM STA STA STA STY TCALL STC STX STX dp+X !abs dp 14 M.bit dp dp+Y 10000 10001 10010 10011 10100 10101 10110 10111 11000 11001 11010 11011 11100 11101 11110 11111 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F BPL CLR1 BBC BBC ADC ADC ADC ADC ASL rel dp.bit A.bit,rel dp.bit,rel {X} HIGH 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 LOW - CLRC dp,#imm dp TXA TAX .bit .bit M.bit OR1B CMPY CBNE AND1B dp dp+X DBNE XMA EOR1B dp LDCB PSW dp+X TXSP TSPX XCN XAX BRK rel Upage RET INC X DEC X DAS (N/A) STOP HIGH 000 001 BVC rel 010 BCC rel 011 BNE rel 100 BMI rel 101 BVS rel 110 BCS rel 111 BEQ rel 188 ASL TCALL JMP BIT ADDW LDX JMP !abs+Y [dp+X] [dp]+Y !abs dp+X 1 !abs dp #imm [!abs] SBC SBC ROL TCALL CALL TEST SUBW LDY JMP {X} !abs+Y [dp+X] [dp]+Y !abs dp+X 3 !abs dp #imm [dp] CMP CMP LSR TCALL {X} !abs+Y [dp+X] [dp]+Y !abs dp+X 5 OR OR ROR {X} !abs+Y [dp+X] [dp]+Y !abs dp+X AND AND INC TCALL {X} !abs+Y [dp+X] [dp]+Y !abs dp+X 9 EOR EOR DEC DEC {X} !abs+Y [dp+X] [dp]+Y !abs dp+X LDA LDA LDY {X} !abs+Y [dp+X] [dp]+Y !abs dp+X STA STA {X} !abs+Y [dp+X] [dp]+Y !abs SBC CMP OR AND EOR LDA STA SBC CMP OR AND EOR LDA STA ROL LSR ROR INC LDY STY !abs !abs MUL TCLR1 CMPW CMPX CALL !abs dp #imm TCALL DBNE CMPX LDYA CMPY 7 !abs dp #imm CMPY INCW INC !abs dp Y TCALL XMA XMA DECW DEC 11 dp dp TCALL LDA LDX STYA 13 {X}+ !abs dp STY TCALL STA STX CBNE dp+X 15 !abs dp Y DIV {X} {X}+ Y XAY XYX October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 [dp] RETI TAY TYA DAA (N/A) NOP MC81F4432 30.3 Instruction Set Arithmetic / Logic FLAG NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO 1 ADC #imm 04 2 2 2 ADC dp 05 2 3 3 ADC dp + X 06 2 4 4 ADC !abs 07 3 4 5 ADC !abs + Y 15 3 5 6 ADC [ dp + X ] 16 2 6 7 ADC [ dp ] + Y 17 2 6 8 ADC { X } 14 1 3 9 AND #imm 84 2 2 10 AND dp 85 2 3 11 AND dp + X 86 2 4 12 AND !abs 87 3 4 13 AND !abs + Y 95 3 5 14 AND [ dp + X ] 96 2 6 15 AND [ dp ] + Y 97 2 6 16 AND { X } 94 1 3 17 ASL A 08 1 2 18 ASL dp 09 2 4 19 ASL dp + X 19 2 5 20 ASL !abs 18 3 5 21 CMP #imm 44 2 2 22 CMP dp 45 2 3 23 CMP dp + X 46 2 4 Compare accumulator contents with memory contents 24 CMP !abs 47 3 4 (A)-(M) 25 CMP !abs + Y 55 3 5 26 CMP [ dp + X ] 56 2 6 OPERATION NVGBHIZC Add with carry. NV--H-ZC A(A)+(M)+C Logical AND N-----Z- A(A)∧(M) Arithmetic shift left C October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 N-----ZC 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 “0” N-----ZC 189 MC81F4x16 FLAG NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO 27 CMP [ dp ] + Y 57 2 6 28 CMP { X } 54 1 3 29 CMPX #imm 5E 2 2 30 CMPX dp 6C 2 3 31 CMPX !abs 7C 3 4 32 CMPY #imm 7E 2 2 33 CMPY dp 8C 2 3 34 CMPY !abs 9C 3 4 35 COM dp 2C 2 4 1‟s Complement : ( dp ) ~( dp ) N-----Z- 36 DAA - - - Unsupported - 37 DAS - - - Unsupported - 38 DEC A A8 1 2 39 DEC dp A9 2 4 40 DEC dp + X B9 2 5 41 DEC !abs B8 3 5 42 DEC X AF 1 2 43 DEC Y BE 1 2 44 DIV 9B 1 12 45 EOR #imm A4 2 2 46 EOR dp A5 2 3 47 EOR dp + X A6 2 4 48 EOR !abs A7 3 4 49 EOR !abs + Y B5 3 5 50 EOR [ dp + X ] B6 2 6 51 EOR [ dp ] + Y B7 2 6 52 EOR { X } B4 1 3 53 INC A 88 1 2 54 INC dp 89 2 4 190 OPERATION NVGBHIZC Compare X contents with memory contents (X)-(M) Compare Y contents with memory contents (Y)-(M) Decrement Exclusive OR A(A)(M) Increment M(M) + 1 N-----ZC N-----Z- M(M) - 1 Divide : YA/X N-----ZC Q:A, R:Y NV--H-Z- N-----Z- N-----Z- October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO 55 INC dp + X 99 2 5 56 INC !abs 98 3 5 57 INC X 8F 1 2 58 INC Y 9E 1 2 59 LSR A 48 1 2 60 LSR dp 49 2 4 61 LSR dp + X 59 2 5 62 LSR !abs 58 3 5 63 MUL 5B 1 9 64 OR #imm 64 2 2 65 OR dp 65 2 3 66 OR dp + X 66 2 4 67 OR !abs 67 3 4 68 OR !abs + Y 75 3 5 69 OR [ dp + X ] 76 2 6 70 OR [ dp ] + Y 77 2 6 71 OR { X } 74 1 3 72 ROL A 28 1 2 73 ROL dp 29 2 4 FLAG OPERATION NVGBHIZC Arithmetic shift left 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 C N-----ZC “0” Multiply : YA Y A N-----Z- Logical OR N-----Z- A(A)∨(M) Rotate left through carry C 74 ROL dp + X 39 2 5 75 ROL !abs 38 3 5 76 ROR A 68 1 2 77 ROR dp 69 2 4 78 ROR dp + X 79 2 5 79 ROR !abs 78 3 5 80 SBC #imm 24 2 2 81 SBC dp 25 2 3 82 SBC dp + X 26 2 4 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 N-----ZC Rotate right through carry October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Subtract with carry A ( A ) - ( M ) - ~( C ) C N-----ZC NV--HZC 191 MC81F4x16 NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO 83 SBC !abs 27 3 4 84 SBC !abs + Y 35 3 5 85 SBC [ dp + X ] 36 2 6 86 SBC [ dp ] + Y 37 2 6 87 SBC { X } 34 1 3 88 TST dlp 4C 2 3 89 XCN CE 1 5 192 FLAG OPERATION NVGBHIZC Test memory contents for negative or zero ( dp ) – 00H Exchange nibbles within the accumulator A7~A4 A3~A0 N-----Z- N-----Z- October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Register / Memory Operation NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO 1 LDA #imm C4 2 2 2 LDA dp C5 2 3 3 LDA dp + X C6 2 4 4 LDA !abs C7 3 4 5 LDA !abs + Y D5 3 5 6 LDA [ dp + X ] D6 2 6 7 LDA [ dp ] + Y D7 2 6 8 LDA { X } D4 1 3 9 LDA { X }+ DB 1 4 10 LDM dp, #imm E4 3 5 11 LDX #imm 1E 2 2 12 LDX dp CC 2 3 13 LDX dp + Y CD 2 4 14 LDX !abs DC 3 4 15 LDY #imm 3E 2 2 16 LDY dp C9 2 3 17 LDY dp + Y D9 2 4 18 LDY !abs D8 3 4 19 STA dp E5 2 4 20 STA dp + X E6 2 5 21 STA !abs E7 3 5 22 STA !abs + Y F5 3 6 23 STA [ dp + X ] F6 2 7 24 STA [ dp ] + Y F7 2 7 25 STA { X } F4 1 4 26 STA { X }+ FB 1 4 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 OPERATION FLAG NVGBHIZC Load accumulator A(M) N-----Z- X-register auto-increment : A ( M ), X X + 1 Load memory with immediate data : ( M ) imm Load X-register X(M) Load Y-register Y(M) -------- N-----Z- N-----Z- Store accumulator contents in memory (M)A -------- X-register auto-increment : ( M ) A, X X + 1 193 MC81F4x16 FLAG NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO 27 STX dp EC 2 4 28 STX dp + Y ED 2 5 29 STX !abs FC 3 5 30 STY dp E9 2 4 31 STY dp + X F9 2 5 32 STY !abs F8 3 5 33 TAX E8 1 2 Transfer accumulator contents to X-register : XA N-----Z- 34 TAY 9F 1 2 Transfer accumulator contents to Y-register : YA N-----Z- 35 TSPX AE 1 2 Transfer stack-pointer contents to X-register : X sp N-----Z- 36 TXA C8 1 2 Transfer X-register contents to accumulator : AX N-----Z- 37 TXSP 8E 1 2 Transfer X-register contents to stack-pointer : sp X N-----Z- 38 TYA BF 1 2 Transfer Y-register contents to accumulator : AY N-----Z- 39 XAX EE 1 4 Exchange X-register contents with accumulator : XA -------- 40 XAY DE 1 4 Exchange Y-register contents with accumulator : YA -------- 41 XMA dp BC 2 5 42 XMA dp + X AD 2 6 Exchange memory contents with accumulator : (M)A N-----Z- 43 XMA {X} BB 1 5 44 XYX FE 1 4 Exchange X-register contents with Y-register : XY -------- 194 OPERATION NVGBHIZC Store X-register contents in memory (M)X Store Y-register contents in memory (M)Y -------- -------- October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 16 BIT manipulation FLAG NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO OPERATION 1 ADDW dp 1D 2 5 16-bits add without carry YA ( YA ) + ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) NV--H-ZC 2 CMPW dp 5D 2 4 Compare YA contents with memory pair contents : ( YA ) - ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) N-----ZC 3 DECW dp BD 2 6 Decrement memory pair ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) – 1 N-----Z- 4 INCW dp 9D 2 6 Increment memory pair ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) + 1 N-----Z- 5 LDYA dp 7D 2 5 Load YA YA ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) N-----Z- 6 STYA dp DD 2 5 Store YA ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) YA -------- 7 SUBW dp 3D 2 5 16-bits subtract without carry YA ( YA ) - ( dp + 1 ) ( dp ) NV--H-ZC October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 NVGBHIZC 195 MC81F4x16 BIT manipulation FLAG NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO OPERATION 1 AND1 M.bit 8B 3 4 Bit AND C-flag : C ( C ) ∧ ( M.bit ) -------C 2 AND1B M.bit 8B 3 4 Bit AND C-flag and NOT : C ( C ) ∧ ~( M.bit ) -------C 3 BIT dp 0C 2 4 MM----Z- 4 BIT !abs 1C 3 5 Bit test A with memory : Z ( A ) ∧ ( M ), N ( M7 ), V ( M6 ) 5 CLR1 dp.bit y1 2 4 Clear bit : ( M.bit ) “0” -------- 6 CLRA1 A.bit 2B 2 2 Clear A bit : ( A.bit ) “0” -------- 7 CLRC 20 1 2 Clear C-flag : C “0” -------0 8 CLRG 40 1 2 Clear G-flag : G “0” --0----- 9 CLRV 80 1 2 Clear V-flag : V “0” -0--0--- 10 EOR1 M.bit AB 3 5 Bit exclusive-OR C-flag : C ( C ) ( M.bit ) -------C 11 EOR1B M.bit AB 3 5 Bit exclusive-OR C-flag and NOT : C ( C ) ~( M.bit ) -------C 12 LDC M.bit CB 3 4 Load C-flag : C ( M.bit ) -------C 13 LDCB M.bit CB 3 4 Load C-flag with NOT : C ~( M.bit ) -------C 14 NOT1 M.bit 4B 3 5 Bit complement : ( M.bit ) ~( M.bit ) -------- 15 OR1 M.bit 6B 3 5 Bit OR C-flag : C C ∨ ( M.bit ) -------C 16 OR1B M.bit 6B 3 5 Bit OR C-flag and NOT : C C ∨ ~ ( M.bit ) -------C 17 SET1 dp.bit x1 2 4 Set bit : ( M.bit ) “1” -------- 18 SETA1 A.bit 0B 2 2 Set A bit : ( A.bit ) “1” -------- 19 SETC A0 1 2 Set C-flag : C “1” -------1 20 SETG C0 1 2 Set G-flag : G “1” --1----- 21 STC M.bit EB 3 6 Store C-flag : ( M.bit ) C -------- 22 TCLR1 !abs 5C 3 6 Test and clear bits with A : A – ( M ), ( M ) ( M ) ∧ ~( A ) N-----Z- 23 TSET1 !abs 3C 3 6 Test and set bits with A : A – ( M ), ( M ) ( M ) ∨ ( A ) N-----Z- 196 NVGBHIZC October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 MC81F4432 Branch / Jump NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO 1 BBC A.bit, rel y2 2 4/6 2 BBC dp.bit, rel y3 3 5/7 3 BBS A.bit, rel x2 2 4/6 4 BBS dp.bit, rel x3 3 5/7 5 BCC rel 50 2 6 BCS rel D0 7 BEQ rel 8 OPERATION FLAG NVGBHIZC Branch if bit clear : If ( bit ) = 0, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- Branch if bit set : If ( bit ) = 1, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- 2/4 Branch if carry bit clear : If ( C ) = 0, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- 2 2/4 Branch if carry bit set : If ( C ) = 1, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- F0 2 2/4 Branch if equal : If ( Z ) = 1, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- BMI rel 90 2 2/4 Branch if minus : If ( N ) = 1, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- 9 BNE rel 70 2 2/4 Branch if not equal : If ( Z ) = 0, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- 10 BPL rel 10 2 2/4 Branch if plus : If ( N ) = 0, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- 11 BRA rel 2F 2 4 Branch always : pc ( pc ) + rel -------- 12 BVC rel 30 2 2/4 Branch if overflow bit clear : If ( V ) = 0, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- 13 BVS rel B0 2 2/4 Branch if overflow bit set : If ( V ) = 1, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- 14 CALL !abs 3B 3 8 Subroutine call M( sp ) ( pcH ), sp sp – 1, M( sp ) ( pcL ), sp sp – 1, 15 CALL [dp] 5F 2 8 If !abs, pc abs ; if [dp], pcL ( dp ), pcH ( dp + 1 ) 16 CBNE dp, rel FD 3 5/7 17 CBNE dp+X, rel 8D 3 6/8 18 DBNE dp, rel AC 3 5/7 19 DBNE Y, rel 7B 2 4/6 20 JMP !abs 1B 3 3 21 JMP [!abs] 1F 3 5 22 JMP [dp] 3F 2 4 23 PCALL upage 4F 2 6 October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35 -------- Compare and branch if not equal : if ( A ) ≠ ( M ), then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- Decrement and branch if not equal : if ( M ) ≠ 0, then pc ( pc ) + rel -------- Unconditional jump : pc jump address -------- U-page call M( sp ) ( pcH ), sp sp – 1, -------- 197 MC81F4x16 NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO CYCLE NO FLAG OPERATION NVGBHIZC M( sp ) ( pcL ), sp sp – 1, pcL ( upage ), pcH “0FFH” 24 TCALL n nA 1 8 Table call M( sp ) ( pcH ), sp sp – 1, M( sp ) ( pcL ), sp sp – 1, -------- pcL ( Table vector L ), pcH (Table vector H ) Control Operation / Etc NO. MNEMONIC OP CODE BYTE NO FLAG CYCLE NO OPERATION ---1-0-- NVGBHIZC 1 BRK 0F 1 8 Software interrupt : B “1”, M( sp ) ( pcH ), sp sp – 1, M( sp ) ( pcL ), sp sp – 1, M( sp ) ( PSW ), sp sp – 1, pcL ( 0FFDEH ), pcH ( 0FFDFH ) 2 DI 60 1 3 Disable interrupt : I “0” -----0-- 3 EI E0 1 3 Enable interrupt : I “1” -----1-- 4 NOP FF 1 2 No operation -------- 5 POP A 0D 1 4 6 POP X 2D 1 4 7 POP Y 4D 1 4 8 POP PSW 6D 1 4 9 PUSH A 0E 1 4 10 PUSH X 2E 1 4 11 PUSH Y 4E 1 4 12 PUSH PSW 6E 1 4 13 RET 6F 1 5 sp sp + 1, A M( sp ) sp sp + 1, X M( sp ) sp sp + 1, Y M( sp ) sp sp + 1, PSW M( sp ) -------- restored M( sp ) A, sp sp - 1 M( sp ) X, sp sp - 1 M( sp ) Y, sp sp - 1 M( sp ) PSW, sp sp - 1 -------- Return from subroutine sp sp + 1, pcL M( sp ), sp sp + 1, pcH M( sp ) -------- Return from interrupt 14 RETI 7F 1 6 15 STOP EF 1 3 198 sp sp + 1, PSW M( sp ), sp sp + 1, pcL M( sp ), sp sp + 1, pcH M( sp ) Stop mode ( halt CPU, stop oscillator ) restored -------- October 19, 2009 Ver.1.35