a 14-Bit, 80 MSPS A/D Converter AD6645 generation in a wideband ADC family, preceded by the AD9042 (12-bit, 41 MSPS), the AD6640 (12-bit, 65 MSPS, IF sampling), and the AD6644 (14-bit, 40 MSPS/65 MSPS). FEATURES 80 MSPS Guaranteed Sample Rate SNR = 75 dB, fIN 15 MHz @ 80 MSPS SNR = 72 dB, fIN 200 MHz @ 80 MSPS SFDR = 89 dBc, fIN 70 MHz @ 80 MSPS 100 dB Multitone SFDR IF Sampling to 200 MHz Sampling Jitter 0.1 ps 1.5 W Power Dissipation Differential Analog Inputs Pin-Compatible to AD6644 Two’s Complement Digital Output Format 3.3 V CMOS-Compatible DataReady for Output Latching Designed for multichannel, multimode receivers, the AD6645 is part of Analog Device’s SoftCell™ transceiver chipset. The AD6645 maintains 100 dB multitone, spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) through the second Nyquist band. This breakthrough performance eases the burden placed on multimode digital receivers (software radios) that are typically limited by the ADC. Noise performance is exceptional; typical signal-tonoise ratio is 74.5 dB through the first Nyquist band. The AD6645 is built on Analog Devices’ high-speed complementary bipolar process (XFCB) and uses an innovative, multipass circuit architecture. Units are available in a thermally enhanced 52lead PowerQuad 4® (LQFP_ED) specified from –40∞C to +85∞C. APPLICATIONS Multichannel, Multimode Receivers Base Station Infrastructure AMPS, IS-136, CDMA, GSM, WCDMA Single Channel Digital Receivers Antenna Array Processing Communications Instrumentation Radar, Infrared Imaging Instrumentation PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 1. IF Sampling The AD6645 maintains outstanding ac performance up to input frequencies of 200 MHz. Suitable for multicarrier 3G wideband cellular IF sampling receivers. 2. Pin Compatibility The ADC has the same footprint and pin layout as the AD6644, 14-Bit 40 MSPS/65 MSPS ADC. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 3. SFDR Performance and Oversampling Multitone SFDR performance of –100 dBc can reduce the requirements of high-end RF components and allows the use of receive signal processors such as the AD6620 or AD6624/ AD6624A. The AD6645 is a high-speed, high-performance, monolithic 14-bit analog-to-digital converter. All necessary functions, including track-and-hold (T/H) and reference, are included on the chip to provide a complete conversion solution. The AD6645 provides CMOS-compatible digital outputs. It is the fourth FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM DVCC AVCC AD6645 AIN AIN A1 TH1 TH2 A2 ADC1 VREF TH3 TH4 DAC1 TH5 ADC2 ENCODE 6 DAC2 2.4V 5 ENCODE ADC3 5 INTERNAL TIMING GND DIGITAL ERROR CORRECTION LOGIC DMID OVR DRY D13 MSB D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 LSB SoftCell is a trademark of Analog Devices, Inc. PowerQuad 4 is a registered trademark of Amkor Technology, Inc. REV. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781/329-4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781/326-8703 © Analog Devices, Inc., 2002 AD6645–SPECIFICATIONS DC SPECIFICATIONS (AV CC = 5 V, DVCC = 3.3 V; TMIN = –40ⴗC, TMAX = +85ⴗC, unless otherwise noted.) Parameter Temp Test Level Min AD6645ASQ-80 Typ RESOLUTION Max 14 Unit Bits ACCURACY No Missing Codes Offset Error Gain Error Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Integral Nonlinearity (INL) Full Full Full Full Full II II II II V TEMPERATURE DRIFT Offset Error Gain Error Full Full V V 1.5 48 ppm/∞C ppm/∞C POWER SUPPLY REJECTION (PSRR) 25∞C V ± 1.0 mV/V REFERENCE OUT (VREF)1 Full V 2.4 V ANALOG INPUTS (AIN, AIN) Differential Input Voltage Range Differential Input Resistance Differential Input Capacitance Full Full 25∞C V V V 2.2 1 1.5 V p-p kW pF Full Full II II Full Full II II Full IV Full II POWER SUPPLY Supply Voltages AVCC DVCC Supply Current I AVCC (AVCC = 5.0 V) I DVCC (DVCC = 3.3 V) Rise Time2 AVCC POWER CONSUMPTION Guaranteed +1.2 0 ± 0.25 ± 0.5 –10 –10 –1.0 4.75 3.0 +10 +10 +1.5 mV % FS LSB LSB 5.0 3.3 5.25 3.6 V V 275 32 320 45 mA mA TBD ms 1.75 W 1.5 NOTES 1 VREF is provided for setting the common-mode offset of a differential amplifier such as the AD8138 when a dc-coupled analog input is required. VREF should be buffered if used to drive additional circuit functions. 2 Specified for dc supplies with linear rise-time characteristics. The use of dc supplies with linear rise-times of <45 ms is highly recommended. Specifications subject to change without notice DIGITAL SPECIFICATIONS (AV CC = 5 V, DVCC = 3.3 V; TMIN = –40ⴗC, TMAX = +85ⴗC, unless otherwise noted.) Parameter (Conditions) Temp Test Level Min ENCODE INPUTS (ENC, ENC) Differential Input Voltage1 Differential Input Resistance Differential Input Capacitance Full 25∞C 25∞C IV V V 0.4 II II 2.85 LOGIC OUTPUTS (D13–D0, DRY, OVR2) Logic Compatibility Full Logic “1” Voltage (DVCC = 3.3 V)3 Logic “0” Voltage (DVCC = 3.3 V)3 Full Output Coding DMID Full AD6645ASQ-80 Typ Max 10 2.5 V CMOS DVCC – 0.2 0.2 0.5 Two’s Complement DVCC /2 Unit V p-p kW pF V V V NOTES 1 All ac specifications tested by driving ENCODE and ENCODE differentially. 2 The functionality of the Over-Range bit is specified for a temperature range of 25 ∞C to 85∞C only. 3 Digital output logic levels: DV CC = 3.3 V, C LOAD = 10 pF. Capacitive loads >10 pF will degrade performance. Specifications subject to change without notice. –2– REV. 0 AD6645 (AVCC = 5 V, DVCC = 3.3 V; ENCODE and ENCODE = 80 MSPS; TMIN = –40ⴗC, TMAX = +85ⴗC, unless AC SPECIFICATIONS1 otherwise noted.) Parameter (Conditions) Temp Test Level 15.5 MHz 30.5 MHz 70.0 MHz 150.0 MHz 200.0 MHz 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C V II II V V 15.5 MHz 30.5 MHz 70.0 MHz 150.0 MHz 200.0 MHz 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C V II V V V WORST HARMONIC (2nd or 3rd) Analog Input 15.5 MHz @ –1 dBFS 30.5 MHz 70.0 MHz 150.0 MHz 200.0 MHz 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C V II V V V WORST HARMONIC (4th or HIGHER) Analog Input 15.5 MHz @ –1 dBFS 30.5 MHz 70.0 MHz 150.0 MHz 200.0 MHz 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C 25∞C V II V V V TWO TONE SFDR @ 30.5 MHz2, 3 55.0 MHz2, 4 25∞C 25∞C TWO TONE IMD REJECTION3, 4 F1, F2 @ –7 dBFS ANALOG INPUT BANDWIDTH SNR Analog Input @ –1 dBFS SINAD Analog Input @ –1 dBFS Min AD6645ASQ-80 Typ Max Unit 75.0 74.5 73.5 73.0 72.0 dB dB dB dB dB 75.0 74.5 73.0 68.5 62.5 dB dB dB dB dB 93.0 93.0 89.0 70.0 63.5 dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc 96.0 95.0 90.0 90.0 88.0 dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc V V 100 100 dBFS dBFS 25∞C V 90 dBc 25∞C V 270 MHz 72.5 72.0 72.5 85.0 85.0 NOTES 1 All ac specifications tested by driving ENCODE and ENCODE differentially. 2 Analog input signal power swept from –10 dBFS to –100 dBFS. 3 F1 = 30.5 MHz, F2 = 31.5 MHz. 4 F1 = 55.25 MHz, F2 = 56.25 MHz. Specifications subject to change without notice. SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS (AVCC = 5 V, DVCC = 3.3 V; ENCODE and ENCODE = 80 MSPS; TMIN = –40ⴗC, TMAX = +85ⴗC, unless otherwise noted.) Parameter (Conditions) Temp Test Level Min Maximum Conversion Rate Minimum Conversion Rate ENCODE Pulsewidth High (tENCH)* ENCODE Pulsewidth Low (tENCL)* Full Full Full Full II IV IV IV 80 Max 30 5.625 5.625 *Several timing parameters are a function of t ENCL and tENCH. Specifications subject to change without notice. REV. 0 AD6645ASQ-80 Typ –3– Unit MSPS MSPS ns ns AD6645 (AVCC = 5 V, DVCC = 3.3 V; ENCODE and ENCODE = 80 MSPS; TMIN = –40ⴗC, TMAX = +85ⴗC, CLOAD = 10 pF, unless otherwise noted.) SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS (continued) Parameter (Conditions) Name Temp Test Level Min tENC tENCH tENCL Full Full Full V V V ENCODE/DataReady Encode Rising to DataReady Falling Encode Rising to DataReady Rising @ 80 MSPS (50% Duty Cycle) tDR tE_DR Full Full Full V V V 1.0 ENCODE/DATA (D13:0), OVR ENC to DATA Falling Low ENC to DATA Rising Low ENCODE to DATA Delay (Hold Time)3 ENCODE to DATA Delay (Setup Time)4 Encode = 80 MSPS (50% Duty Cycle) tE_FL tE_RL tH_E tS_E Full Full Full Full Full V V V V V 2.4 1.4 1.4 Full V AD6645ASQ-80 Typ Max Unit 1 ENCODE Input Parameters Encode Period1 @ 80 MSPS Encode Pulsewidth High2 @ 80 MSPS Encode Pulsewidth Low @ 80 MSPS 12.5 6.25 6.25 7.3 5.3 ns ns ns 2.0 tENCH + tDR 8.3 3.1 4.7 3.0 3.0 tENC – tE_FL 7.6 7.0 4.7 4.7 9.4 10.0 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns 5 DataReady (DRY )/DATA, OVR DataReady to DATA Delay (Hold Time)2 Encode = 80 MSPS (50% Duty Cycle) DataReady to DATA Delay (Setup Time)2 Encode = 80 MSPS (50% Duty Cycle) tH_DR Note 6 7.2 Note 6 3.6 6.6 tS_DR Full V 2.1 ns 7.9 ns 5.1 APERTURE DELAY tA 25∞C V –500 ps APERTURE UNCERTAINTY (Jitter) tJ 25∞C V 0.1 ps rms NOTES 1 Several timing parameters are a function of t ENC and tENCH. 2 To compensate for a change in duty cycle for t H_DR and tS_DR use the following equation: NewtH_DR = (tH_DR – % Change(tENCH)) NewtS_DR = (tS_DR – % Change(t ENCH)) 3 ENCODE TO DATA Delay (Hold Time) is the absolute minimum propagation delay through the Analog-to-Digital Converter, t E_RL = tH_E. 4 ENCODE TO DATA Delay (Setup Time) is calculated relative to 80 MSPS (50% duty cycle). To calculate t S_E for a given encode, use the following equation: NewtS_E = tENC(NEW) – tENC + tS_E (i.e., for 40 MSPS: Newt S_E(TYP) = 25 ¥ 10–9 – 15.38 ¥ 10–9 + 9.8 ¥ 10–9 = 19.4 ¥ 10 –9). 5 DRY is an inverted and delayed version of the encode clock. Any change in the duty cycle of the clock will correspondingly change the duty cycle of DRY. 6 DataReady to DATA Delay (t H_DR and tS_DR) is calculated relative to 80 MSPS (50% duty cycle) and is dependent on t ENC and duty cycle. To calculate t H_DR and tS_DR for a given encode, use the following equations: NewtH_DR = tENC(NEW)/2 – tENCH + tH_DR (i.e., for 40 MSPS: NewtH_DR(TYP) = 12.5 ¥ 10–9 – 6.25 ¥ 10–9 + 7.2 ¥ 10–9 = 13.45 ¥ 10–9 NewtS_DR = tENC(NEW)/2 – tENCH + tS_DR (i.e., for 40 MSPS: NewtS_DR(TYP) = 12.5 ¥ 10–9 – 6.25 ¥ 10–9 + 3.6 ¥ 10–9 = 9.85 ¥ 10–9 Specifications subject to change without notice. tA N+3 N AIN N+1 N+2 t ENCH t ENC ENC, ENC t E_RL D[13:0], OVR N t ENCL N+4 N+1 N+2 t E_FL N+3 t E_DR N–3 N–2 N–1 t S_DR DRY N+4 t S_E t H_E N t H_DR t DR Figure 1. Timing Diagram –4– REV. 0 AD6645 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Parameter ELECTRICAL AVCC Voltage DVCC Voltage Analog Input Voltage Analog Input Current Digital Input Voltage Digital Output Current Min Max Unit 0 0 0 7 7 AVCC 25 AVCC 4 V V V mA V mA +85 150 300 +150 ∞C ∞C ∞C ∞C 0 ENVIRONMENTAL Operating Temperature Range (Ambient) Maximum Junction Temperature Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) Storage Temperature Range (Ambient) –40 –65 *Absolute maximum ratings are limiting values to be applied individually and beyond which the serviceability of the circuit may be impaired. Functional operability is not necessarily implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for an extended period of time may affect device reliability. THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS 52-Lead PowerQuad 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LQFP_ED JA = 23∞C/W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soldered Slug, No Airflow JA = 17∞C/W . . . . . . . . Soldered Slug, 200 LFPM Airflow JA = 30∞C/W . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsoldered Slug, No Airflow JA = 24∞C/W . . . . . . Unsoldered Slug, 200 LFPM Airflow JC = 2∞C/W . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bottom of Package (Heatslug) Typical Four-Layer JEDEC Board Horizontal Orientation EXPLANATION OF TEST LEVELS Test Level I. 100% production tested. II. 100% production tested at 25∞C and guaranteed by design and characterization at temperature extremes. III. Sample tested only. IV. Parameter is guaranteed by design and characterization testing. V. Parameter is a typical value only. ORDERING GUIDE Model Temperature Range Package Description AD6645ASQ-80 AD6645/PCB –40∞C to +85∞C (Ambient) 25∞C 52-Lead PowerQuad 4 (LQFP_ED) SQ-52 Evaluation Board CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD6645 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high-energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. REV. 0 –5– Package Option WARNING! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE AD6645 D5 D4 D6 DVCC GND D7 D9 D8 D11 D10 D12 DRY D13 (MSB) PIN CONFIGURATION 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 DVCC 1 GND 2 VREF 3 39 D3 PIN 1 IDENTIFIER 38 D2 37 D1 GND 4 36 D0 (LSB) 35 DMID ENC 5 ENC 6 AD6645 34 GND GND 7 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 33 DVCC 32 OVR AVCC 8 AVCC 9 31 DNC GND 10 AIN 11 30 AV CC 29 GND AIN 12 GND 13 28 AV CC 27 GND GND AVCC GND C2 C1 GND AVCC GND GND AVCC GND AVCC AVCC 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 DNC = DO NOT CONNECT PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Pin No. Mnemonic Function 1, 33, 43 DVCC 3.3 V Power Supply (Digital) Output Stage Only 2, 4, 7, 10, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 34, 42 GND Ground 3 VREF 2.4 V Reference. Bypass to ground with a 0.1 mF microwave chip capacitor. 5 ENC Encode Input. Conversion initiated on rising edge. 6 ENC Complement of ENC, Differential Input 8, 9, 14, 16, 18, AVCC 22, 26, 28, 30 5 V Analog Power Supply 11 AIN Analog Input 12 AIN Complement of AIN, Differential Analog Input 20 C1 Internal Voltage Reference. Bypass to ground with a 0.1 mF chip capacitor. 24 C2 Internal Voltage Reference. Bypass to ground with a 0.1 mF chip capacitor. 31 DNC Do not connect this pin. 32 OVR* Over-Range Bit. A logic-level high indicates analog input exceeds ± FS. 35 DMID Output Data Voltage Midpoint. Approximately equal to (DVCC)/2. 36 D0 (LSB) Digital Output Bit (Least Significant Bit); Two’s Complement 37–41, 44–50 D1–D5, D6–D12 Digital Output Bits in Two’s Complement 51 D13 (MSB) Digital Output Bit (Most Significant Bit); Two’s Complement 52 DRY DataReady Output *The functionality of the Over-Range bit is specified for a temperature range of 25∞C to 85∞C only. –6– REV. 0 AD6645 Minimum Conversion Rate DEFINITIONS OF SPECIFICATIONS Analog Bandwidth The analog input frequency at which the spectral power of the fundamental frequency (as determined by the FFT analysis) is reduced by 3 dB. The encode rate at which the SNR of the lowest analog signal frequency drops by no more than 3 dB below the guaranteed limit. Maximum Conversion Rate Aperture Delay The encode rate at which parametric testing is performed. The delay between the 50% point of the rising edge of the ENCODE command and the instant at which the analog input is sampled. Noise (For Any Range Within the ADC) Ê FS dBm – SNR dBc - Signal dBFS ˆ Á ˜ ¯ 10 VNOISE = | Z | ¥ 0.001 ¥ 10 Ë Aperture Uncertainty (Jitter) The sample-to-sample variation in aperture delay. Differential Analog Input Resistance, Differential Analog Input Capacitance, and Differential Analog Input Impedance The real and complex impedances measured at each analog input port. The resistance is measured statically and the capacitance and differential input impedances are measured with a network analyzer. Differential Analog Input Voltage Range The peak-to-peak differential voltage that must be applied to the converter to generate a full-scale response. Peak differential voltage is computed by observing the voltage on a single pin and subtracting the voltage from the other pin, which is 180 degrees out of phase. Peak-to-peak differential is computed by rotating the inputs phase 180 degrees and taking the peak measurement again. Then the difference is computed between both peak measurements. Differential Nonlinearity The deviation of any code width from an ideal 1 LSB step. Encode Pulsewidth/Duty Cycle Pulsewidth high is the minimum amount of time that the ENCODE pulse should be left in Logic “1” state to achieve rated performance; pulsewidth low is the minimum time ENCODE pulse should be left in low state. See timing implications of changing tENCH in text. At a given clock rate, these specs define an acceptable ENCODE duty cycle. Expressed in dBm. Computed using the following equation: PowerFull Scale È V 2Full Scale rms Í | Z |Input = 10 log Í Í 0.001 Í ÍÎ ù ú ú ú ú úû nd The ratio of the rms signal amplitude to the rms value of the second harmonic component, reported in dBc. Harmonic Distortion, 3 rd The ratio of the rms signal amplitude to the rms value of the third harmonic component, reported in dBc. Integral Nonlinearity The deviation of the transfer function from a reference line measured in fractions of 1 LSB using a “best straight line” determined by a least square curve fit. REV. 0 Output Propagation Delay The delay between a differential crossing of ENCODE and ENCODE and the time when all output data bits are within valid logic levels. Power Supply Rejection Ratio The ratio of a change in input offset voltage to a change in power supply voltage. Power Supply Rise Time The time from when the dc supply is initiated, until the supply output reaches the minimum specified operating voltage for the ADC. The dc level is measured at supply pin(s) of the ADC. Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion (SINAD) The ratio of the rms signal amplitude (set 1 dB below full scale) to the rms value of the sum of all other spectral components, including harmonics but excluding dc. Signal-to-Noise Ratio (without Harmonics) The ratio of the rms signal amplitude (set at 1 dB below full scale) to the rms value of the sum of all other spectral components, excluding the first five harmonics and dc. Spurious-Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) Full-Scale Input Power Harmonic Distortion, 2 Where Z is the input impedance, FS is the full scale of the device for the frequency in question; SNR is the value for the particular input level; and Signal is the signal level within the ADC reported in dB below full scale. This value includes both thermal and quantization noise. The ratio of the rms signal amplitude to the rms value of the peak spurious spectral component. The peak spurious component may or may not be a harmonic. May be reported in dBc (i.e., degrades as signal level is lowered) or dBFS (always related back to converter full scale). Two Tone Intermodulation Distortion Rejection The ratio of the rms value of either input tone to the rms value of the worst third order intermodulation product; reported in dBc. Two Tone SFDR The ratio of the rms value of either input tone to the rms value of the peak spurious component. The peak spurious component may or may not be an IMD product. May be reported in dBc (i.e., degrades as signal level is lowered) or in dBFS (always related back to converter full scale). Worst Other Spur The ratio of the rms signal amplitude to the rms value of the worst spurious component (excluding the second and third harmonic) reported in dBc. –7– AD6645 EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS DVCC VCH AVCC AIN CURRENT MIRROR T/H BUF 500⍀ VCL VREF BUF VCH AVCC 500⍀ AIN DVCC T/H BUF D0–D13, OVR, DRY VREF VCL Figure 2. Analog Input Stage LOADS AVCC AVCC AVCC AVCC 10k⍀ CURRENT MIRROR 10k⍀ ENC ENC 10k⍀ 10k⍀ Figure 5. Digital Output Stage AVCC AVCC LOADS 2.4V Figure 3. Encode Inputs VREF AVCC 100A Figure 6. 2.4 V Reference VREF AVCC DVCC AVCC 10k⍀ DMID CURRENT MIRROR 10k⍀ C1, C2 Figure 4. Compensation Pin, C1 or C2 Figure 7. DMID Reference –8– REV. 0 Typical Performance Characteristics–AD6645 0 0 ENCODE = 80MSPS AIN = 2.2MHz @ –1dBFS SNR = 75.0dB SFDR = 93.0dBc –10 –20 –30 –30 –40 –40 –50 –50 –60 –60 dBFS dBFS –20 –70 –70 –80 –90 2 –100 –80 3 –90 5 6 4 –110 –120 –120 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 –130 40 6 0 TPC 1. Single Tone @ 2.2 MHz 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 40 ENCODE = 80MSPS AIN = 150MHz @ –1dBFS SNR = 73.0dB SFDR = 70.0dBc –10 –20 –30 –30 –40 –40 –50 –50 –60 –60 dBFS dBFS 10 0 ENCODE = 80MSPS AIN = 15.5MHz @ –1dBFS SNR = 75.0dB SFDR = 93.0dBc –20 –70 –80 3 –70 2 –80 –90 –90 3 5 –100 6 4 5 6 –100 2 4 –110 –110 –120 –120 –130 –130 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 40 TPC 2. Single Tone @ 15.5 MHz 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 40 35 40 0 ENCODE = 80MSPS AIN = 29.5MHz @ –1dBFS SNR = 74.5dB SFDR = 93.0dBc –20 –10 –20 –30 –40 –40 –50 –50 –60 –60 dBFS –30 –70 –80 –70 ENCODE = 80MSPS AIN = 200MHz @ –1dBFS SNR = 72.0dB SFDR = 64.0dBc 3 2 –80 –90 3 6 4 –110 –120 –120 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 6 5 –100 –110 0 4 –90 2 5 –100 –130 5 TPC 5. Single Tone @ 150 MHz 0 –10 dBFS 5 4 5 TPC 4. Single Tone @ 69.1 MHz 0 –10 –130 0 40 TPC 3. Single Tone @ 29.5 MHz REV. 0 3 2 –100 –110 –130 0 ENCODE = 80MSPS AIN = 69.1MHz @ –1dBFS SNR = 73.5dB SFDR = 89.0dBc –10 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 TPC 6. Single Tone @ 200 MHz –9– AD6645 75.5 100 95 75.0 T = –40 C WORST OTHER SPUR 90 HARMONICS – dBc 74.5 SNR – dB T = +85 C 74.0 T = +25 C 73.5 73.0 0 10 20 30 40 FREQUENCY – MHz 50 60 60 70 TPC 7. Noise vs. Analog Frequency WORST CASE SPURIOUS – dBFS AND dBc T = +25 C 90 T = –40 C, +85 C 88 86 84 82 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 ANALOG FREQUENCY – MHz ENCODE = 80MSPS @ AIN = –1dBFS TEMP = –40 C, +25 C, +85 C 0 10 20 30 40 50 ANALOG INPUT FREQUENCY – MHz 60 110 160 180 200 dBFS 100 90 ENCODE = 80MSPS AIN = 30.5MHz 80 70 dBc 60 50 SFDR = 90dB REFERENCE LINE 40 30 20 10 0 –90 70 TPC 8. Harmonics vs. Analog Frequency –80 –70 –60 –50 –40 –30 –20 ANALOG INPUT POWER LEVEL – dBFS –10 0 TPC 11. Single Tone SFDR @ 30.5 MHz 76 WORST CASE SPURIOUS – dBFS AND dBc 120 75 74 SNR – dB 0 120 92 73 72 71 ENCODE = 80MSPS @ AIN = –1dBFS TEMP = 25 C 70 ENCODE = 80MSPS @ AIN = –1dBFS TEMP = 25 C TPC 10. Harmonics vs. Analog Frequency (IF) 94 WORST CASE HARMONIC – dBc HARMONICS (2ND, 3RD) 75 65 ENCODE = 80MSPS @ AIN = –1dBFS TEMP = –40 C, +25 C, +85 C 80 80 70 72.5 72.0 85 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 ANALOG FREQUENCY – MHz 160 180 110 dBFS 100 90 80 ENCODE = 80MSPS AIN = 69.1MHz 70 dBc 60 50 SFDR = 90dB REFERENCE LINE 40 30 20 10 0 –90 200 TPC 9. Noise vs. Analog Frequency (IF) –80 –70 –60 –50 –40 –30 –20 ANALOG INPUT POWER LEVEL – dBFS –10 0 TPC 12. Single Tone SFDR @ 69.1 MHz –10– REV. 0 AD6645 0 ENCODE = 80MSPS –10 AIN = 30.5MHz, –20 31.5MHz (–7dBFS) NO DITHER –30 0 ENCODE = 80MSPS –10 AIN = 55.25MHz, 56.25MHz (–7dBFS) –20 NO DITHER –30 –40 –40 –50 –60 2 F 1 + F 2 –70 F 2 –80 – F –90 1 –100 2 F 2 + F 1 2 F 1 – F 2 F 1 + F 2 dBFS dBFS –50 2 F 2 – F 1 –60 F –80 2 – –90 F –100 1 –120 –120 –130 0 –130 0 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 40 TPC 13. Two Tones @ 30.5 MHz and 31.5 MHz WORST CASE SPURIOUS – dBFS AND dBc WORST CASE SPURIOUS – dBFS AND dBc dBFS 90 ENCODE = 80MSPS F1 = 30.5MHz F2 = 31.5MHz 70 dBc 60 SFDR = 90dB REFERENCE LINE 50 40 30 20 10 –67 –57 –47 –37 –27 –17 INPUT POWER LEVEL – F1 = F2 dBFS 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 40 dBFS 90 80 70 ENCODE = 80MSPS F1 = 55.25MHz F2 = 56.25MHz dBc 60 SFDR = 90dB REFERENCE LINE 50 40 30 20 10 –67 –57 –47 –37 –27 –17 INPUT POWER LEVEL – F1 = F2 dBFS –7 TPC 17. Two Tone SFDR @ 55.25 MHz and 56.25 MHz 100 95 WORST SPUR @ AIN = 2.2MHz 95 SNR, WORST CASE SPURIOUS – dB AND dBc SNR, WORST CASE SPURIOUS – dB AND dBc F 1 + F 2 100 0 –77 –7 TPC 14. Two Tone SFDR @ 30.5 MHz and 31.5 MHz 90 85 80 SNR @ AIN = 2.2MHz 75 70 30 45 60 75 ENCODE FREQUENCY – MHz 90 WORST SPUR @ AIN = 69.1MHz 90 85 80 75 SNR @ AIN = 69.1MHz 70 65 15 105 TPC 15. SNR, Worst Spurious vs. Encode @ 2.2 MHz REV. 0 2 F 2 – F 1 110 100 65 15 2 F 1 – F 2 TPC 16. Two Tone SFDR @ 55.25 MHz and 56.25 MHz 110 0 –77 2 F 2 + F 1 –110 –110 80 2 F 1 + F 2 –70 30 45 60 75 ENCODE FREQUENCY – MHz 90 105 TPC 18. SNR, Worst Spurious vs. Encode @ 69.1 MHz –11– AD6645 0 –20 –30 –30 –40 –40 –50 –50 –60 –60 dBFS dBFS 0 ENCODE = 80.0MSPS –10 AIN = 30.5MHz @ –29.5dBFS WITH DITHER @ –19.2 dBm –20 ENCODE = 80.0MSPS AIN = 30.5MHz @ –29.5 dBFS NO DITHER –10 –70 –80 –70 –80 2 –90 –90 6 –100 3 –110 –100 4 –120 0 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 –130 0 40 TPC 19. 1 M FFT without Dither WORST-CASE SPURIOUS dBc WORST-CASE SPURIOUS dBc 70 60 50 40 SFDR = 90 dB REFERENCE LINE 30 20 10 35 40 80 70 60 SFDR = 100 dB REFERENCE LINE 50 40 SFDR = 90 dB REFERENCE LINE 30 20 10 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 dBFS –90 0 –80 –70 ANALOG INPUT LEVEL –60 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 ANALOG INPUT LEVEL TPC 20. SFDR without Dither TPC 23. SFDR with Dither 0 0 ENCODE = 76.8MSPS AIN = 69.1MHz @ –1dBFS SNR = 73.5dB SFDR = 89.0dBc –10 –20 –30 ENCODE = 76.8MSPS AIN = WCDMA @ 69.1MHz –10 –20 –30 –40 –40 –50 –50 –60 –60 dBFS dBFS 30 ENCODE = 80.0MSPS 100 AIN = 30.5MHz WITH DITHER @ –19.2 dBm 90 80 –70 –70 –80 –80 3 –90 5 2 6 –100 –90 –100 4 –110 –110 –120 –120 –130 0 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 110 ENCODE = 80.0MSPS AIN = 30.5MHz NO DITHER 90 0 dBFS 90 10 TPC 22. 1 M FFT with Dither 110 100 5 6 3 5 –120 –130 4 2 –110 5 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 –130 0 40 TPC 21. Single Tone 69.1 MHz: Encode = 76.8 MSPS 2 5 10 3 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 6 30 4 35 5 40 TPC 24. WCDMA Tone 69.1 MHz: Encode = 76.8 MSPS –12– REV. 0 AD6645 0 0 ENCODE = 76.8MSPS AIN = 2WCDMA @ 59.6MHz –20 –20 –30 –30 –40 –40 –50 –50 –60 –60 –70 –70 –80 –80 –90 –90 –100 –100 –110 –110 –120 –120 –130 –130 0 5 10 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 40 0 –20 –20 –30 –30 –40 –40 –50 –50 –60 –60 dBFS dBFS 5 10 4 3 2 15 20 25 FREQUENCY – MHz 30 35 40 ENCODE = 61.44MSPS AIN = WCDMA @ 190MHz –10 –70 –70 –80 –80 –90 –90 –100 –100 –110 –110 –120 –120 2 3 6 4 5 –130 2.5 5.0 0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0 FREQUENCY – MHz 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0 FREQUENCY – MHz TPC 28. WCDMA Tone 190 MHz: Encode = 61.44 MSPS TPC 26. 4 WCDMA Carriers @ AIN = 46.08 MHz: Encode = 61.44 MSPS REV. 0 5 0 ENCODE = 61.44MSPS AIN = 4WCDMA @ 46.08MHz –10 0 6 TPC 27. WCDMA Tone 140 MHz: Encode = 76.8 MSPS TPC 25. 2 WCDMA Carriers @ AIN = 59.6 MHz: Encode = 76.8 MSPS –130 0 ENCODE = 76.8MSPS AIN = WCDMA @ 140MHz –10 dBFS dBFS –10 –13– AD6645 If a low jitter clock is available, another option is to ac-couple a differential ECL/PECL signal to the encode input pins as shown below. The MC100EL16 (or same family) from ON-SEMI offers excellent jitter performance. THEORY OF OPERATION The AD6645 analog-to-digital converter (ADC) employs a three stage subrange architecture. This design approach achieves the required accuracy and speed while maintaining low power and small die size. VT As shown in the functional block diagram, the AD6645 has complementary analog input pins, AIN and AIN. Each analog input is centered at 2.4 V and should swing ± 0.55 V around this reference (see Figure 2). Since AIN and AIN are 180 degrees out of phase, the differential analog input signal is 2.2 V peak-to-peak. Both analog inputs are buffered prior to the first track-and-hold, TH1. The high state of the ENCODE pulse places TH1 in hold mode. The held value of TH1 is applied to the input of a 5-bit coarse ADC1. The digital output of ADC1 drives a 5-bit digitalto-analog converter, DAC1. DAC1 requires 14 bits of precision, which is achieved through laser trimming. The output of DAC1 is subtracted from the delayed analog signal at the input of TH3 to generate a first residue signal. TH2 provides an analog pipeline delay to compensate for the digital delay of ADC1. The first residue signal is applied to a second conversion stage consisting of a 5-bit ADC2, 5-bit DAC2, and pipeline TH4. The second DAC requires 10 bits of precision, which is met by the process with no trim. The input to TH5 is a second residue signal generated by subtracting the quantized output of DAC2 from the first residue signal held by TH4. TH5 drives a final 6-bit ADC3. The digital outputs from ADC1, ADC2, and ADC3 are added together and corrected in the digital error correction logic to generate the final output data. The result is a 14-bit parallel digital CMOS-compatible word, coded as two’s complement. APPLYING THE AD6645 Encoding the AD6645 The AD6645 encode signal must be a high quality, extremely low phase noise source to prevent degradation of performance. Maintaining 14-bit accuracy places a premium on encode clock phase noise. SNR performance can easily degrade by 3–4 dB with 70 MHz analog input signals when using a high jitter clock source. See AN-501, “Aperture Uncertainty and ADC System Performance” for complete details. For optimum performance, the AD6645 must be clocked differentially. The encode signal is usually ac-coupled into the ENC and ENC pins via a transformer or capacitors. These pins are biased internally and require no additional bias. Shown below is one preferred method for clocking the AD6645. The clock source (low jitter) is converted from single-ended to differential using a RF transformer. The back-to-back Schottky diodes across the transformer secondary limit clock excursions into the AD6645 to approximately 0.8 V p-p differential. This helps prevent the large voltage swings of the clock from feeding through to other portions of the AD6645, and limits the noise presented to the encode inputs. CLOCK SOURCE T1-4T ENCODE 0.1F AD6645 ENCODE HSMS2812 DIODES 0.1F ENCODE ECL/ PECL AD6645 ENCODE 0.1F VT Figure 9. Differential ECL for Encode Driving the Analog Inputs As with most new high-speed, high dynamic range analog-todigital converters, the analog input to the AD6645 is differential. Differential inputs improve on-chip performance as signals are processed through attenuation and gain stages. Most of the improvement is a result of differential analog stages having high rejection of even-order harmonics. There are also benefits at the PCB level. First, differential inputs have high common-mode rejection to stray signals such as ground and power noise. Second, they provide good rejection to common-mode signals such as local oscillator feed-through. The AD6645 analog input voltage range is offset from ground by 2.4 V. Each analog input connects through a 500 W resistor to the 2.4 V bias voltage and to the input of a differential buffer (Figure 2). The resistor network on the input properly biases the followers for maximum linearity and range. Therefore, the analog source driving the AD6645 should be ac-coupled to the input pins. Since the differential input impedance of the AD6645 is 1 kW, the analog input power requirement is only –2 dBm, simplifying the driver amplifier in many cases. To take full advantage of this high input impedance, a 20:1 transformer would be required. This is a large ratio and could result in unsatisfactory performance. In this case, a lower step-up ratio could be used. The recommended method for driving the analog input of the AD6645 is to use a 4:1 RF transformer. For example, if RT were set to 60.4 W and RS were set to 25 W, along with a 4:1 impedance ratio transformer, the input would match to a 50 W source with a full-scale drive of 4.8 dBm. Series resistors (RS) on the secondary side of the transformer should be used to isolate the transformer from A/D. This will limit the amount of dynamic current from the A/D flowing back into the secondary of the transformer. The 50 W impedance matching can also be incorporated on the secondary side of the transformer as shown in the evaluation board schematic (Figure 13). ADT4-1WT ANALOG INPUT SIGNAL RS RT AIN AD6645 RS AIN 0.1F Figure 10. Transformer-Coupled Analog Input Circuit In applications where dc-coupling is required, a differential output op amp such as the AD8138 from Analog Devices can be used to drive the AD6645 (Figure 11). The AD8138 op amp provides single-ended-to-differential conversion, which reduces overall system cost and minimizes layout requirements. Figure 8. Crystal Clock Oscillator, Differential Encode –14– REV. 0 AD6645 CF Grounding 5V 499⍀ VIN 499⍀ VOCM 25⍀ AD8138 AD6645 25⍀ 499⍀ AIN AIN VREF DIGITAL OUTPUTS 499⍀ CF Figure 11. DC-Coupled Analog Input Circuit Power Supplies Care should be taken when selecting a power source. The use of linear dc supplies with rise-times of <45 ms is highly recommended. Switching supplies tend to have radiated components that may be “received” by the AD6645. Each of the power supply pins should be decoupled as closely to the package as possible using 0.1 mF chip capacitors. For optimum performance, it is highly recommended that a common ground be utilized between the analog and digital power planes. The primary concern with splitting grounds is that dynamic currents may be forced to travel significant distances in the system before recombining back at the common source ground. This can result in a large and undesirable ground loop. The most common place for this to occur is on the digital outputs of the ADC. Ground loops can contribute to digital noise being coupled back onto the ADC front end. This can manifest itself as either harmonic spurs, or very high order spurious products that can cause excessive spikes on the noise floor. This noise coupling is less likely to occur at lower clock speeds since the digital noise has more time to settle between samples. In general, splitting the analog and digital grounds can frequently contribute to undesirable EMI-RFI and should therefore be avoided. The AD6645 has separate digital and analog power supply pins. The analog supplies are denoted AVCC and the digital supply pins are denoted DVCC. Although analog and digital supplies may be tied together, best performance is achieved when the supplies are separate. This is because the fast digital output swings can couple switching current back into the analog supplies. Note that AVCC must be held within 5% of 5 V. The AD6645 is specified for DVCC = 3.3 V as this is a common supply for digital ASICS. Conversely, if not properly implemented, common grounding can actually impose additional noise issues since the digital ground currents are riding on top of the analog ground currents in close proximity to the ADC input. To minimize the potential for noise coupling further, it is highly recommended that multiple ground return traces/vias be placed such that the digital output currents do not flow back towards the analog front end, but are routed quickly away from the ADC. This does not require a split in the ground plane and can be accomplished by simply placing substantial ground connections directly back to the supply at a point between the analog front end and the digital outputs. The judicious use of ceramic chip capacitors between the power supply and ground planes will also help suppress digital noise. The layout should incorporate enough bulk capacitance to supply the peak current requirements during switching periods. Digital Outputs Layout Information Care must be taken when designing the data receivers for the AD6645. It is recommended that the digital outputs drive a series resistor followed by a gate such as the 74LCX574. To minimize capacitive loading, there should only be one gate on each output pin. An example of this is shown in the evaluation board schematic shown in Figure 13. The digital outputs of the AD6645 have a constant output slew rate of 1 V/ns. A typical CMOS gate combined with a PCB trace will have a load of approximately 10 pF. Therefore, as each bit switches 10 mA (10 pF ¥ 1V ∏ 1 ns ) of dynamic current per bit will flow in or out of the device. A fullscale transition can cause up to 140 mA (14 bits ¥ 10 mA/bit) of current to flow through the output stages. The series resistors should be placed as close to the AD6645 as possible to limit the amount of current that can flow into the output stage. These switching currents are confined between ground and the DVCC pin. Standard TTL gates should be avoided since they can appreciably add to the dynamic switching currents of the AD6645. It should be noted that extra capacitive loading will increase output timing and invalidate timing specifications. Digital output timing is guaranteed for output loads up to 10 pF. The schematic of the evaluation board (Figure 13) represents a typical implementation of the AD6645. A multilayer board is recommended to achieve best results. It is highly recommended that high quality, ceramic chip capacitors be used to decouple each supply pin to ground directly at the device. The pinout of the AD6645 facilitates ease of use in the implementation of high-frequency, high-resolution design practices. All of the digital outputs are segregated to two sides of the chip, with the inputs on the opposite side for isolation purposes. Care should be taken when routing the digital output traces. To prevent coupling through the digital outputs into the analog portion of the AD6645, minimal capacitive loading should be placed on these outputs. It is recommended that a fan-out of only one gate should be used for all AD6645 digital outputs. The layout of the encode circuit is equally critical. Any noise received on this circuitry will result in corruption in the digitization process and lower overall performance. The encode clock must be isolated from the digital outputs and the analog inputs. Digital output states for given analog input levels are shown in Table I. Table I. Two’s Complement Output Coding REV. 0 AIN Level AIN Level Output State Output Code VREF + 0.55 V VREF VREF – 0.55 V VREF – 0.55 V VREF VREF + 0.55 V Positive FS Midscale Negative FS 01 1111 1111 1111 00…0/11…1 10 0000 0000 0000 –15– AD6645 Jitter Considerations The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for an ADC can be predicted. When normalized to ADC codes, the above equation accurately predicts the SNR based on three terms. These are jitter, average DNL error, and thermal noise. Each of these terms contributes to the noise within the converter. For a complete discussion of aperture jitter, please consult AN-501, “Aperture Uncertainty and ADC System Performance.” 80 AIN = 30MHz 75 FANALOG = analog input frequency tj rms = rms jitter of the encode (rms sum of encode source and internal encode circuitry) = average DNL of the ADC (typically 0.41 LSB) n = number of bits in the ADC VNOISE rms = V rms thermal noise referred to the analog input of the ADC (typically 0.9 LSB rms) SNR – dBFS AIN = 70MHz 70 AIN = 110MHz 65 AIN = 150MHz AIN = 190MHz 60 For a 14-bit analog-to-digital converter, like the AD6645, aperture jitter can greatly affect the SNR performance as the analog frequency is increased. The chart below shows a family of curves that demonstrate the expected SNR performance of the AD6645 as jitter increases. The chart is derived from the above equation. 55 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 JITTER – ps 0.4 0.5 0.6 Figure 12. Jitter vs. SNR 1 2 2 2 È 2 1 + e ˆ Ê 2 ¥ 2 ¥ VNOISE rms ˆ ù Ê SNR = 1.76 - 20 logÍ 2p ¥ FANALOG ¥ t j rms + Á n ˜ + Á ˜ ú Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2n ¯ úû ÍÎ ( ) –16– REV. 0 AD6645 Table II. AD6645ASQ/PCB Bill of Materials Item No. Qty Reference ID1 Description Manufacturer 1 2 3 1 3 9 AD6644/AD6645 Evaluation Printed Circuit Board Capacitor, Tantalum SMT T491C, 10 mF; 16 V; 10% Capacitor, SMT 0508, 0.1 mF; 16 V; 10% 4 8 PCSM, Inc. (6645EE01C) Kemet (T491C106M016AS) Presidio Components (0508X7R104K16VP6) Panasonic (ECJ-2VB1E104K) 5 6 0 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 1 4 1 1 1 0 6645EE01C C1, C2, C38 C3, C7–C11, C16, C30, C32 C4, C22–C26, C29, (C33), (C34), C39 (C5, C6) C12–C14, C17–C21, C40 CR1 E3, E4, E5 F1–F4 J1 J1 J2 (J3) 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 J4, J5 (R1) (R2)2 (R3, R4, R5, R8) R6, R7 R9 R10 (R11), (R13) (R12), (R14) R152 R35 RN1, RN3 RN2, RN4 T2 T3 U1 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 2 0 2 1 4 0 4 1 U2, U7 (U3) U4, U6 U53 U53 (U8) See drawing See drawing Capacitor, SMT 0805, 0.1 mF; 25 V; 10% Capacitor, SMT 0805, 0.01 mF; 50 V; 10% Capacitor, SMT 0508, 0.01 mF; 16 V; 10% Panasonic (ECJ-2YB1H103K) Presidio Components (0508X7R103M2P3) Diode, Schottky Barrier, Dual Panasonic (MA716-TX) 100" Straight Male Header (Single Row), 3 of 50 pins Samtec (TSW-1-50-08-G-S) EMI Suppression Ferrite Chip, SMT 0805 Steward (HZ0805E601R-00) Connector, PCB Pin Strip; 5 pins; 5 mm pitch Wieland (Z5.530.0525.0) Connector, PCB Terminal; 5 pins; 5 mm pitch Wieland (25.602.2553.0) Terminal Strip, 50 pin; right angle Samtec (TSW-125-08-T-DRA) Connector, SMA; RF; Gold Johnson Components, Inc. (142-0701-201) Connector, Coaxial RF Receptacle; 50 W AMP (227699-2) Resistor, SMT 0402; 100; 1/16w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-2RKF1000X) Resistor, SMT 1206; 60.4; 1/8w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-8ENF60R4V) Resistor, SMT 0805; 499; 1/10w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-6ENF4990V) Resistor, SMT 0805; 25.5; 1/10w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-6ENF25R5V) Resistor, SMT 0805; 348; 1/10w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-6ENF3480V) Resistor, SMT 0805; 619; 1/10w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-6ENF6190V) Resistor, SMT 0805; 66.5; 1/10w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-6ENF66R5V) Resistor, SMT 0805; 100; 1/10w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-6ENF1000V) Resistor, SMT 0402; 178; 1/16w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-2RKF1780X) Resistor, SMT 0805; 49.9; 1/10w; 1% Panasonic (ERJ-6ENF49R9V) Resistor Array, SMT 0402; 470; 1/4w; 5% Panasonic (EXB2HV471JV) Resistor Array, SMT 0402; 220; 1/4w; 5% Panasonic (EXB2HV221JV) RF Transformer, SMT KK81, 0.2–350 MHz; 4:1 W Ratio Mini-Circuits (T4-1-KK81) RF Transformer, SMT CD542, 2–775 MHz; 4:1 W Ratio Mini-Circuits (ADT4-1WT) I.C., QFP-52; 14-Bit, 80 MSPS Analog Devices (AD6645ASQ) Wideband Analog-to-Digital Converter I.C., SOIC-20; Octal D-Type Flip-Flop Fairchild (74LCX574WM) I.C., SOIC-8; Low Distortion Differential ADC Driver Analog Devices (AD8138AR) I.C., SMT SOT-23; TinyLogic UHS 2-Input OR Gate Fairchild (NC7SZ32) Clock Oscillator, Full Size MX045; 80 MHz CTS Reeves (MXO45-80) Connector, Miniature Spring Socket, Amp (5-330808-3) I.C., SOIC-8; Differential Receiver Motorola (MC100EL16) Circuit Board Support on Base Richo (CBSB-14-01) 0.100" Shorting Block Jameco (152670) NOTES 1 Reference designators in parentheses are not installed on standard units. (AC-coupled AIN and ENCODE.) AC-coupled AIN is standard, R3, R4, R5, R8, and U3 are not installed. If dc-coupled AIN is required, C30, T3, and R15 are not installed. AC-coupled ENCODE is standard. C5, C6, C33, C34, R1, R11–R14, and U8 are not installed. If PECL ENCODE is required, CR1 and T2 are not installed. 2 R2 is installed for 50 W impedance input matching on the primary of T3. R15 is not installed. R15 is installed for 50 W impedance input matching on the secondary of T3. R2 is not installed. 3 U5 Clock Oscillator is installed with pin sockets for removal if OPT_CLK input is used. REV. 0 –17– BNC 2 ENC J4 1 SMA J3 BNC 2 J5 AIN R35 49.9⍀ C4 0.1F 4 T2 3 2 R21 60.4⍀ R8 R5 499⍀ R3 499⍀ 1 2 3 CR1 C33 0.1F R12 100⍀ R11 66.5⍀ +5VA –5V 8 1 2 5 VREF 6 5 3 4 ADT4-1WT 4:1 IMPEDANCE RATIO 1 2 T3 U3 +5VA 4 R5 499⍀ 3 AD8138 6 R4 499⍀ +5VA C30 0.1F R151 176.4⍀ R6 25⍀ J1 4 3 2 1 5 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 GND ENC AD6644/AD6645 37 38 39 D2 D1 D0 OUT_EN Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 Q0 VCC 4 5 3 17 15 2 18 16 1 19 20 1 2 U6 5 +3P3VD B06 B07 B08 B09 B10 B12 B11 B13 F2 2 4 FERRITE 1 +5VA +5VA GND 3 NC7SZ32 +3P3VD U2 RN3 RN4 (SEE NOTE 4) 1 20 (SEE NOTE 4) OUT EN VCC 19 16 1 1 16 2 D0 Q0 18 15 15 3 2 2 Q1 D1 17 14 4 14 3 3 Q2 D2 16 13 5 4 13 4 Q3 D3 15 12 6 12 5 5 Q4 D4 6 11 7 11 6 Q5 14 D5 13 10 OVR 7 10 8 7 Q6 D6 8 9 9 9 D7 8 Q7 12 10 11 GND CLOCK PREF 74LCX574 BUFLAT +3P3V BUFLAT 9 10 11 12 13 15 14 16 +3P3VIN RN2 (SEE NOTE 4) +3P3VD 14 6 Q5 13 7 Q6 12 8 Q7 11 CLOCK BUFLAT 74LCX574 D3 6 D4 7 D5 8 D6 9 D7 10 GND 5 4 3 2 1 U7 B00 B01 B02 B03 B04 B05 2 37 46 48 50 45 47 49 44 43 41 42 36 38 40 35 39 32 34 33 30 31 29 26 28 27 25 22 24 21 23 14 16 12 10 8 6 4 18 20 J2 17 19 15 13 11 9 5 7 3 1 HEADER 50 +3P3V +3P3V –5V + C1 10F C9 0.1F C10 0.1F C11 0.01F C12 0.01F C13 0.01F F4 2 C14 FERRITE 0.01F 1 C23 0.1F C24 0.1F C25 0.1F +3P3VD C26 0.1F 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 NOTES 1. R2 IS INSTALLED FOR INPUT MATCHING ON THE PRIMARY OF T3. R15 IS NOT INSTALLED. R15 IS INSTALLED FOR INPUT MATCHING ON THE SECONDARY OF T3. R2 IS NOT INSTALLED. +5VA +5VA +5VA +5VA +5VA 2. AC-COUPLED AIN IS STANDARD. R3, R4, R5, R8, AND U3 ARE NOT INSTALLED. IF DC-COUPLED AIN IS REQUIRED, C30, R15, AND T3 ARE NOT INSTALLED. C8 C7 3. AC-COUPLED ENCODE IS STANDARD. C5, C6, C33, C34, R1, R11–R14 AND U8 ARE NOT INSTALLED. 0.1F 0.1F IF PECL ENCODE IS REQUIRED, CR1, AND T3 ARE NOT INSTALLED. 4. IF AD6644 IS USED: VALUE FOR RN1–RN4 IS 100 OHM. IF AD6645 IS USED: VALUE FOR RN1–RN3 IS 470 OHM, VALUE FOR RN2 AND RN4 IS 220 OHM. F1 2 1 +5VA –5V FERRITE C2 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C40 C39 C38 10F 0.1F 0.01F 0.01F 0.01F 0.01F 0.01F 0.01F 0.1F + 10F +3P3VIN 36 D0 35 DMID 34 GND 33 DVCC 32 OVR 31 DNC 30 AVCC 29 GND 28 AVCC 27 GND D1 VREF GND ENC D2 D3 10 7 GND +3P3V 11 6 9 12 5 8 13 4 14 15 2 3 16 1 RN1 (SEE NOTE 4) GND AVCC 9 AVCC 10 GND 11 AIN 12 AIN 13 GND 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 V1 DVCC C32 0.1F DR_OUT BUFLAT +3P3V VREF E5 E3 +5VA R7 25⍀ C34 0.1F R14 100⍀ R13 66.5⍀ +5VA PECL ENCODE OPTION3 U4 5 NC7SZ32 1 4 OPT_LAT 2 GND E4 3 DR_OUT +3P3VD DC-COUPLED AIN OPTION2 HSMS2812 OPTIONAL MC100EL16 VBB 6 Q VEE 5 4 3D VCC 8 Q 7 NC U8 +5VA R9 348⍀ 2D 1 +3P3V R10 619⍀ C6 0.01F C3 0.1F 6 1:4 1 IMPEDANCE RATIO C29 0.1F 1 C5 .01F R1 100⍀ OPT_CLK K1115 66.66MHz (AD6644) 80MHz (AD6645) C22 0.1F DRY AVCC 8 D13 GND GND OUT D12 AVCC 7 D11 GND +5VA D10 AVCC 2 D9 GND F3 D8 C1 1 D7 GND FERRITE DVCC 14 D6 AVCC –18– GND VCC GND C2 U5 D5 GND NC D4 AVCC 1 AD6645 Figure 13. Evaluation Board Schematic REV. 0 AD6645 REV. 0 Figure 14. Top Signal Level Figure 16. Ground Plane Layer 2 and 5 Figure 15. 5.0 V/3.3 V Plane Layers 3 and 4 Figure 17. Bottom Signal Layer –19– AD6645 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches). 52-Lead PowerQuad 4 (LQFP_ED) (SQ-52) 7.80 (0.307) 52 40 1 40 39 13 27 14 1 6.00 (0.236) 5.90 (0.232) 5.80 (0.228) EXPOSED HEATSINK (CENTERED) 27 26 0.65 (0.026) 52 39 10.20 (0.402) 10.00 (0.394) SQ 9.80 (0.386) TOP VIEW (PINS DOWN) C02647–0–2/02(0) 2.65 (0.104) 2.50 (0.098) (4 PLCS) 2.35 (0.093) 12.00 (0.472) SQ 2.35 (0.093) 2.20 (0.087) (4 PLCS) 2.05 (0.081) 13 26 14 6.00 (0.236) 5.90 (0.232) 5.80 (0.228) 0.38 (0.015) 0.32 (0.013) 0.22 (0.009) BOTTOM VIEW (PINS UP) 1.60 (0.063) MAX 0.75 (0.030) 0.60 (0.024) 0.45 (0.018) 1.45 (0.057) 1.40 (0.055) 1.35 (0.053) SEATING PLANE VIEW A 0.15 (0.006) 0.05 (0.002) 0.10 (0.004) COPLANARITY VIEW A CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN. PRINTED IN U.S.A. THE AD6645 POWERQUAD 4 (LQFP_ED) HAS A THERMALLY AND ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE HEAT SLUG EXPOSED ON THE BOTTOM OF THE PACKAGE WHICH CAN BE UTILIZED FOR ENHANCED THERMAL MANAGEMENT. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT NO UNMASKED ACTIVE PCB TRACES OR VIAS BE LOCATED UNDER THE PACKAGE THAT COULD COME INTO CONTACT WITH THE GROUNDED HEAT SLUG. ALTHOUGH NOT A REQUIREMENT FOR SPECIFIED OPERATION, SOLDERING THE SLUG TO A GROUND PLANE WITH SUFFICIENT THERMAL CAPACITY WILL REDUCE THE JUNCTION TEMPERATURE OF THE DEVICE. THIS MAY PROVE BENEFICIAL IN HIGH RELIABILITY APPLICATIONS WHERE LOWER JUNCTION TEMPERATURES TYPICALLY CONTRIBUTE TO INCREASED SEMICONDUCTOR RELIABILITY. –20– REV. 0