CY24293 Two Outputs PCI-Express Clock Generator Two Outputs PCI-Express Clock Generator Features Functional Description ■ 25 MHz crystal or clock input CY24293 is a two output PCI-Express clock generator device intended for networking applications. The device takes 25 MHz crystal or clock input and provides two pairs of differential outputs at 25 MHz, 100 MHz, 125 MHz, or 200 MHz for HCSL signaling standard. ■ Two sets of differential PCI-Express clocks ■ Pin selectable output frequencies ■ Supports HCSL compatible output levels ■ Spread Spectrum capability on all output clocks with pin selectable spread range The device incorporates Lexmark Spread Spectrum profile for maximum electromagnetic interference (EMI) reduction. The spread type and amount can be selected using select pins. ■ 16-pin TSSOP package For a complete list of related documentation, click here. ■ Operating voltage 3.3 V ■ Commercial, Industrial operating temperature range Logic Block Diagram VDDX XIN/EXCLKIN Clock Buffer/ Crystal Oscillator (25 MHz) XOUT VDDO PCIE0P PCIE0N PLL Clock Synthesizer SS0 PCIE1P SS1 PCIE1N Control Logic S0 S1 I REF OE GNDX Cypress Semiconductor Corporation Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I • 198 Champion Court GNDO • R REF= 475 Ohms 1% San Jose, CA 95134-1709 • 408-943-2600 Revised May 23, 2016 CY24293 Contents Pinouts .............................................................................. 3 Pin Definitions .................................................................. 3 Output Frequency Selection Table ................................. 4 Spread Selection Table .................................................... 4 Application Information ................................................... 5 Crystal Recommendations .......................................... 5 Crystal Loading ........................................................... 5 Calculating Load Capacitors ....................................... 5 Current Source (Iref) Reference Resistor .................... 5 Output Termination ...................................................... 6 Decoupling Capacitors ................................................ 6 PCI-Express (HCSL compatible) Layout Guidelines ..... 6 Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................ 7 Recommended Operation Conditions ............................ 7 DC Electrical Characteristics .......................................... 7 Thermal Resistance .......................................................... 8 AC Electrical Characteristics .......................................... 8 Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I AC Electrical Characteristics .......................................... 9 Test and Measurement Setup .......................................... 9 Ordering Information ...................................................... 10 Ordering Code Definitions ......................................... 10 Package Diagram ............................................................ 11 Acronyms ........................................................................ 12 Document Conventions ................................................. 12 Units of Measure ....................................................... 12 Document History Page ................................................. 13 Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information ...................... 15 Worldwide Sales and Design Support ....................... 15 Products .................................................................... 15 PSoC®Solutions ....................................................... 15 Cypress Developer Community ................................. 15 Technical Support ..................................................... 15 Page 2 of 15 CY24293 Pinouts Figure 1. 16-pin TSSOP pinout S0 S1 1 16 VDDX 2 15 PCIE0P SS0 XIN/EXCLKIN 3 4 14 13 PCIE0N GNDO XOUT 5 12 VDDO OE 6 11 PCIE1P GNDX 7 10 SS1 8 9 TSSOP PCIE1N IREF Pin Definitions 16-pin TSSOP Pin Number 1 2 3 Pin Name Pin Type Description S0 Input Frequency select pin. Has internal weak pull-up. Refer to Output Frequency Selection Table on page 4. S1 Input Frequency select pin. Has internal weak pull-up. Refer to Output Frequency Selection Table on page 4. SS0[1] Input Spread spectrum select pin 0. Has internal weak pull-up. Refer to Spread Selection Table on page 4. 4 XIN/EXCLKIN Input Crystal or clock input. 25 MHz fundamental mode crystal or clock input. 5 XOUT Output Crystal output. 25 MHz fundamental mode crystal input. Float for clock input. OE Input High true output enable pin. When set low, PCI-E outputs are tri-stated. Has internal weak pull-up. GNDX Power Ground SS1[1] Input Spread spectrum select pin 1. has internal weak pull-up. Refer to Spread Selection Table on page 4. 6 7 8 9 IREF Output Current set for all differential clock drivers. Connect 475 resistor to ground. 10 PCIE1N Output Differential PCI-Express complementary clock output. Tristated when disabled. Output Differential PCI-Express true clock output. Tristated when disabled. 11 PCIE1P 12 VDDO[2] Input 3.3 V Power supply for output driver and analog circuits. 13 GNDO Power Ground 14 PCIE0N Output Differential PCI-Express complementary clock output. Tristated when disabled. 15 PCIE0P Output Differential PCI-Express true clock output. Tristated when disabled. 16 VDDX[2] Input 3.3 V Power supply for oscillator and digital circuits. Notes 1. Once powered up, state of SS1/SS0 pins should be held constant at the desired state. 2. VDDX must be supplied faster or equal to VDDO. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Page 3 of 15 CY24293 Output Frequency Selection Table S1 S0 PCIE0[N,P], PCIE1[N,P] 0 0 25 MHz 0 1 100 MHz 1 0 125 MHz 1 1 200 MHz Spread Selection Table SS1 [3] SS0 [3] Spread% 0 0 No Spread 0 1 –0.5% 1 0 –0.75% 1 1 No Spread Note 3. Once powered up, state of SS1/SS0 pins should be held constant at the desired state. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Page 4 of 15 CY24293 Application Information Crystal Recommendations CY24293 requires a parallel resonance crystal. Substituting a series resonance crystal causes the CY24293 to operate at the wrong frequency and violate the ppm specification. For most applications, there is a 300 ppm frequency shift between series and parallel crystals due to incorrect loading. Table 1. Crystal Recommendations Frequency Cut Load Cap Eff Series Rest (max) 25.00 MHz Parallel 16 pF 30 Crystal Loading Crystal loading plays a critical role in achieving low ppm performance. To realize low ppm performance, consider the total capacitance the crystal sees to calculate the appropriate capacitive loading (CL). Figure 2 shows a typical crystal configuration using two trim capacitors. It is important to note that the trim capacitors in series with the crystal are not parallel. It is a common misconception that load capacitors are in parallel with the crystal and must be approximately equal to the load capacitance of the crystal. This is not true. Figure 2. Crystal Loading Example C lock C hip Drive (max) Tolerance (max) Stability (max) Aging (max) 1.0 mW 30 ppm 10 ppm 5 ppm/yr. Use the following formulas to calculate the trim capacitor values for Ce1 and Ce2: Load capacitance (each side) Ce = 2 * CL – (Cs + Ci) Total capacitance (as seen by the crystal) CLe = 1 ( Ce1 + Cs1 + Ci1 1 + 1 Ce2 + Cs2 + Ci2 ) CL .................................................. Crystal load capacitance CLe ........................................ Actual loading seen by crystal using standard value trim capacitors Ce .................................................... External trim capacitors Cs .............................................Stray capacitance (terraced) Ci2 Ci .......................................................... Internal capacitance Pin 3 to 6p X2 X1 C s1 C s2 T race 2.8 pF XTAL Ce1 C e2 T rim 26 pF Calculating Load Capacitors In addition to the standard external trim capacitors, trace capacitance and pin capacitance must also be considered to correctly calculate crystal loading. As mentioned in the previous section, the capacitance on each side of the crystal is in series with the crystal. This means the total capacitance on each side of the crystal must be twice the specified crystal load capacitance (CL). While the capacitance on each side of the crystal is in series with the crystal, trim capacitors (Ce1, Ce2) must be calculated to provide equal capacitive loading on both sides. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Current Source (IREF) Reference Resistor If the board target trace impedance (Z) is 50 , then for RREF = 475 (1%, provides IREF of 2.32 mA. The output current (IOH) is equal to 6*IREF. For other values of RREF, the following graph can be referred. It demonstrates the relationship of variation of IREF w.r.t. rise time /fall time (TR/TF). Figure 3. IREF vs. TR/TF relationship (Typical) Rise Time (single ended waveform, measured from 0.175V to 0.525V) C i1 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 420 440 460 min 480 typ 500 520 max IREF Resistor value () Page 5 of 15 CY24293 3. The PCB trace to the VDD pin and the ground via must be kept as short as possible. Distance of the ferrite bead and bulk decoupling from the device is less critical. 4. An optimum layout is one with all components on the same side of the board, minimizing vias through other signal layers (any ferrite beads and bulk decoupling capacitors can be mounted on the back). Other signal traces must be routed away from the CY24293. This includes signal traces just underneath the device, or on layers adjacent to the ground plane layer used by the device. Output Termination The PCI-Express differential clock outputs of the CY24293 are open source drivers and require an external series resistor and a resistor to ground. These resistor values and their allowable locations are explained in Figure 4. PCB Layout Recommendations For optimum device performance and the lowest phase noise, the following guidelines must be observed: 1. Each 0.01 µF decoupling capacitor must be mounted on the component side of the board as close to the VDD pin as possible. 2. No vias must be used between the decoupling capacitor and the VDD pin. Decoupling Capacitors The decoupling capacitors of 0.01 µF must be connected between VDD and GND as close to the device as possible. Do not share ground vias between components. Route power from the power source through the capacitor pad and then into the CY24293 pin. PCI-Express (HCSL compatible) Layout Guidelines Table 2. Common Recommendations for Differential Routing Differential Routing Dimension or Value Unit L1 length, route as non-coupled 50 trace 0.5 max inch L2 length, route as non-coupled 50 trace 0.2 max inch L3 length, route as non-coupled 50 trace 0.2 max inch RS 33 RT 49.9 Dimension or Value Unit Table 3. Differential Routing for PCI-Express Load or Connector Differential Routing L4 length, route as coupled microstrip 100 differential trace L4 length, route as coupled stripline 100 differential trace 2 to 32 inch 1.8 to 30 inch Figure 4. PCI-Express Differential Routing Rs L1 L2 L4 L2 L4 RS L1 RT Output Buffer Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I L3 RT L3 PCI Express Load or Connector Page 6 of 15 CY24293 Absolute Maximum Ratings Exceeding maximum ratings may shorten the useful life of the device. User guidelines are not tested. Parameter Description Condition Min Max Unit –0.5 4.6 V –0.5 VDD + 0.5 V VDD Supply voltage VIN Input voltage TS Temperature, Storage Non Functional –65 +150 °C TJ Temperature, Junction Non Functional –65 +150 °C 2000 – V Relative to VSS ESDHBM ESD Protection (Human Body Model) JEDEC EIA/JESD22-A114-E UL-94 Flammability rating – V-0 at 1/8 in. MSL Moisture sensitivity level – 3 Recommended Operation Conditions Parameter Description Min Typ Max Unit 3.0 – 3.6 V 0 – +70 °C VDD Supply voltage TAC Commercial ambient temperature TAI/AA Industrial ambient temperature –40 – +85 °C tPU Power up time for all VDD to reach minimum specified voltage (power ramps must be monotonic) 0.05 – 500 ms DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise stated, VDD = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V, ambient temperature = –40 °C to +85 °C Industrial, 0 °C to +70 °C Commercial Parameter [4] Description VIL Input low voltage Condition – Min Typ Max Unit –0.3 – 0.8 V VIH Input high voltage – 2.0 – VDD + 0.3 V VOL Output low voltage of PCIE0[P/N], PCIE1[P/N] HCSL termination (RS = 33 RT = 49.9 ). See note 19. –0.2 0 0.05 V VOH Output high voltage of PCIE0[P/N], PCIE1[P/N] HCSL termination (RS = 33 RT = 49.9 ). See note 19. 0.65 0.71 0.95 V IDD Operating supply current No load, OE = 1 – 45 60 mA IDDOD Output disabled current OE = 0 – – 50 mA CIN Input capacitance All input pins – 5 – pF RPU Pull-up resistance S0, S1, SS0, SS1, OE – 70k – Note 4. Parameters are guaranteed by design and characterization. Not 100% tested in production. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Page 7 of 15 CY24293 Thermal Resistance Parameter [5] Description θJA Thermal resistance (junction to ambient) θJC Thermal resistance (junction to case) Test Conditions 16-pin TSSOP Unit Test conditions follow standard test methods and procedures for measuring thermal impedance, in accordance with EIA/JESD51. 89 °C/W 12 °C/W AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise stated: VDD = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V, ambient temperature = –40 °C to +85 °C Industrial, 0 °C to +70 °C Commercial, Outputs HCSL terminated. Parameter [6] Min Typ Max Unit FIN Input clock frequency (crystal or external clock) Description – Condition – 25 – MHz FOUT Output frequency HCSL termination – – 200 MHz FERR Frequency synthesis error – – 0 – ppm TCCJ Cycle-to-cycle jitter See notes 7, 8 – – 75 ps SPPROFILE Spread modulation profile – – Lexmark type SPMOD Spread modulation frequency 30 32 33 kHz Output clock duty cycle See notes: 7, 9 45 50 55 % TOEH Output enable time OE going high to differential outputs becoming valid – – 200 ns TOEL Output disable time OE going low to differential outputs becoming invalid – – 200 ns TLOCK Clock stabilization from power up Measured from 90% of the applied power supply level – 1 2 ms TR Output rise time Measured from 0.175 V to 0.525 V. See notes: 7, 10 130 – 700 ps TF Output fall time Measured from 0.525 V to 0.175 V. See notes: 7, 10 130 – 700 ps DTR Rise time variation For a given frequency, Max (TR) – Min (TR) – – 125 ps DTF Fall time variation For a given frequency, Max (TF) – Min (TF) – – 125 ps TOSKEW Output skew Measured at VCROSS point. See note: 11 – – 50 ps VCROSS Absolute crossing point voltage See notes: 9, 10, 12 0.25 0.35 0.55 V VXdelta Variation of VCROSS over all rising clock edges See notes: 9, 10, 13 – – 140 mV TDC Notes 5. These parameters are guaranteed by design and are not tested. 6. Parameters are guaranteed by design and characterization. Not 100% tested in production. 7. Measured with Cload = 4 pF max. (scope probe + trace load). 8. Measurement taken from differential waveform (PCIEP minus PCIEN). Either single ended probes with math or a differential probe can be used. 9. Measured at crossing point where the instantaneous voltage value of the rising edge of PCIEP equals the falling edge of PCIEN. 10. Measurement taken from single ended waveform. 11. Measured at the rising 0V point of the differential signal. Skew is the time difference of the rising 0V point between any two differential signal pairs. The measurement is taken over 1000 samples, and the average value is used. 12. Refers to the total variation from the lowest crossing point to the highest, regardless of which edge is crossing. Refers to all crossing points for this measurement. 13. Defined as the total variation of all crossing voltages of Rising PCIEP and Falling PCIEN. This is the maximum allowed variance in VCROSS for any particular system. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Page 8 of 15 CY24293 AC Electrical Characteristics Differential 100 MHz, HCSL Terminated Outputs (Parameters for the PCI Express Specification. Use above AC Characteristics parameter where it is not listed in this section) Parameter FOUT Description Test Conditions Min Output frequency Typ Max Units – – 100 MHz – 30 86 ps TPHJ Peak-to-peak phase jitter 10-6 BER. Note: 14 ERR Rising edge rate See notes: 15, 16 0.6 1.3 4.0 V/ns ERF Falling edge rate See notes: 15, 16 0.6 1.3 4.0 V/ns TPERIOD AVG Average clock period accuracy See notes: 15, 17 –300 – 2800 ppm TPERIOD ABS Absolute clock period See notes: 15, 18 9.847 – 10.203 ns RFMATCHING Rising edge rate to falling edge rate matching See note: 19, 20 – – 20 % Test and Measurement Setup Figure 5. Test Load Configuration for Differential Output Signals 33 Ohm PCIEP CLoad 50 Ohm CLoad 50 Ohm 33 Ohm PCIEN 475 Ohm Notes 14. Phase jitter is determined using data captured on an oscilloscope at a sample rate of 20 GS/sec, for a minimum 100,000 continuous clock periods. This data is then processed using the ClockJitter 1.3.0 software from PCISIG, using the PCI_E_1_1 template. 15. Measurement taken from differential waveform (PCIEP minus PCIEN). Either single ended probes with math or a differential probe can be used. 16. Measured from -150 mV to +150 mV on the differential waveform (derived from PCIEP minus PCIEN). The signal must be monotonic through the measurement region for rise and fall time. The 300 mV measurement window is centered on the differential zero crossing. 17. PPM refers to parts per million and is a DC absolute period accuracy specification. The period is to be measured with a frequency counter with measurement window set to 100 ms or greater. The ±300 PPM applies to systems that do not employ Spread Spectrum or that use common clock source. For systems employing Spread Spectrum, there is an additional 2500 PPM nominal shift in maximum period resulting from the 0.5% down spread, resulting in a maximum average period specification of +2800 PPM. 18. Defined as the absolute minimum or maximum instantaneous period. This includes cycle-to-cycle jitter, relative PPM tolerance, and spread spectrum modulation. 19. Measurement taken from single ended waveform. 20. Matching applies to rising edge rate for PCIEP and falling edge for PCIEN. It is measured using a ± 75mV window centered on the median cross point where PCIEP rising meets PCIEN falling. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Page 9 of 15 CY24293 Ordering Information Part Number Type Production Flow Pb-free CY24293ZXC 16-pin TSSOP Commercial, 0 °C to 70 °C CY24293ZXCT 16-pin TSSOP – Tape and Reel Commercial, 0 °C to 70 °C CY24293ZXI 16-pin TSSOP Industrial, –40 °C to 85 °C CY24293ZXIT 16-pin TSSOP – Tape and Reel Industrial, –40 °C to 85 °C Ordering Code Definitions CY 24293 Z X X X X = T or blank T = Tape and Reel; blank = Tube Temperature Range: X = C or I C = Commercial, I = Industrial Pb-free Package Type: Z = 16-pin TSSOP Base Device Part Number Company ID: CY = Cypress Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Page 10 of 15 CY24293 Package Diagram Figure 6. 16-pin TSSOP 4.40 mm Body Z16.173/ZZ16.173 Package Outline, 51-85091 51-85091 *E Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Page 11 of 15 CY24293 Acronyms Acronym Document Conventions Description Units of Measure EIA electronic industries alliance EMI electromagnetic interference °C degree Celsius ESD electrostatic discharge kHz kilohertz HCSL high speed current steering logic MHz megahertz JEDEC joint electron devices engineering council µF microfarad PCB printed circuit board mA milliampere PCI peripheral component interconnect ms millisecond PLL phase-locked loop mV millivolt TSSOP thin shrunk small outline package mW milliwatt Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Symbol Unit of Measure ns nanosecond ohm ppm parts per million % percent pF picofarad ps picosecond V volt Page 12 of 15 CY24293 Document History Page Document Title: CY24293, Two Outputs PCI-Express Clock Generator Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. ECN No. Orig. of Change Submission Date ** 2490167 PYG / DPF / AESA See ECN *A 2507681 DPF / AESA 05/23/2008 Added Note 1: Parameters are guaranteed by design and characterization. Not 100% tested in production. Added Note 2 for Duty cycle spec in the AC Elect. Characteristics. Added HCSL termination in Condition for VOL, VOH DC Elect. Char. Added VXdelta value of 140 mV in the Differential 100 MHz HCSL output. Changed Cload from 2 pF to 4 pF in Note 2. Added internal weak Pull-ups for S0, S1, SS0, SS1 and OE pins. Updated TOEH and TOEL to 200 ns (max.). Updated to new template. *B 2621901 CXQ / AESA 12/19/2008 Updated IDD spec in DC Electrical Characteristics. Added max spec for IDDOD DC Electrical Characteristics. Added RPU in DC Electrical Characteristics. Replaced TRFVAR with DTR and DTF in AC Electrical Characteristics. Added definitions for rise and fall time variation, crossing point variation in AC Electrical Characteristics. Reduced cycle-to-cycle jitter spec to 75ps in AC Electrical Characteristics. *C 2683343 CXQ / PYRA 04/03/2009 Changed status from Preliminary to Final. Added “max” to crystal ESR spec. Changed “LVDS Down Device” to “LVDS Device” in Table 8 and Figure 4. *D 3289802 BASH 06/27/2011 Added Ordering Code Definitions. Updated Package Diagram. Added Acronyms and Units of Measure. Updated to new template. *E 3395894 PURU 10/05/2011 Updated Features (Removed LVDS related information). Updated Functional Description (Removed LVDS related information). Updated Output Termination under Application Information (Removed LVDS related information). Removed the section LVDS Compatible Layout Guidelines under the main section PCI-Express (HCSL compatible) Layout Guidelines. Updated AC Electrical Characteristics (Removed LVDS related information). Updated Package Diagram. Updated to new template. *F 4467398 XHT 08/08/2014 Updated DC Electrical Characteristics: Changed maximum value of VOH parameter from 0.85 V to 0.95 V. *G 4581659 TAVA 11/28/2014 Updated Functional Description: Added “For a complete list of related documentation, click here.” at the end. Updated Package Diagram. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Description of Change New data sheet. Page 13 of 15 CY24293 Document History Page (continued) Document Title: CY24293, Two Outputs PCI-Express Clock Generator Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. ECN No. Orig. of Change Submission Date Description of Change *H 4817220 XHT 07/25/2015 Updated Pin Definitions: Added Note 1 and referred the same note in SS0 and SS1 pins. Added Note 2 and referred the same note in VDDO and VDDX pins. Updated Spread Selection Table: Added Note 3 and referred the same note in “SS1” and “SS0” columns. Updated Application Information: Updated Current Source (Iref) Reference Resistor: Updated description. Added Figure 3. Updated AC Electrical Characteristics: Added SPPROFILE parameter and its details. Added minimum value of SPMOD parameter (30 kHz). Added maximum value of SPMOD parameter (33 kHz). Updated Note 10 (Replaced differential with single ended). Added AC Electrical Characteristics (to specify PCIe parameter specifications). Updated to new template. Completing Sunset Review. *I 5281627 PSR 05/23/2016 Added Thermal Resistance. Updated to new template. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Page 14 of 15 CY24293 Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information Worldwide Sales and Design Support Cypress maintains a worldwide network of offices, solution centers, manufacturer’s representatives, and distributors. To find the office closest to you, visit us at Cypress Locations. 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Cypress products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as critical components in systems designed or intended for the operation of weapons, weapons systems, nuclear installations, life-support devices or systems, other medical devices or systems (including resuscitation equipment and surgical implants), pollution control or hazardous substances management, or other uses where the failure of the device or system could cause personal injury, death, or property damage ("Unintended Uses"). A critical component is any component of a device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Cypress is not liable, in whole or in part, and you shall and hereby do release Cypress from any claim, damage, or other liability arising from or related to all Unintended Uses of Cypress products. You shall indemnify and hold Cypress harmless from and against all claims, costs, damages, and other liabilities, including claims for personal injury or death, arising from or related to any Unintended Uses of Cypress products. Cypress, the Cypress logo, Spansion, the Spansion logo, and combinations thereof, PSoC, CapSense, EZ-USB, F-RAM, and Traveo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cypress in the United States and other countries. For a more complete list of Cypress trademarks, visit cypress.com. Other names and brands may be claimed as property of their respective owners. Document Number: 001-46117 Rev. *I Revised May 23, 2016 Page 15 of 15