*R oH V SC AV ER OM AI SIO PL LA N IA BL S NT E TISP61511D DUAL FORWARD-CONDUCTING P-GATE THYRISTORS PROGRAMMABLE OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTORS TISP61511D Gated Protectors Dual Voltage-Programmable Protectors. – Wide 0 to -80 V Programming Range – Low 5 mA max. Triggering Current – High 150 mA min. Holding Current D Package (Top View) (Tip) (Gate) G Rated for International Surge Wave Shapes Voltage Wave Shape Standard A TR-NWT-001089 1.2/50 µs ETS 300 047-1 90 0.5/700 µs RLM88/I3124 40 10/700 µs K17, K20, K21 40 TR-NWT-001089 30 2 7 A (Ground) (Ground) 3 6 A (Ring) K2 4 5 K2 (Ring) Device Symbol K1 Functional Replacement With Standard Package Termination Finish De vice Type Type Order As Functional Replacement With Lead Free Termination Finish Order As LCP1511, LCP1511D , ATTL7591AS, M GSS150- 1 TISP61511D-S or TISP61511DR-S for Taped and Reeled TISP61511D or TISP61511DR for Taped and Reeled K1 (Tip) NC - No internal connection Terminal typical application names shown in parenthesis Functional Replacements for 8-pin SmallOutline 8 MD6XANB 170 10/1000 µs 1 NC ITSP 2/10 µs K1 .............................................. UL Recognized Component Description The TISP61511D is a dual forward-conducting buffered p-gate overvoltage protector. It is designed to protect monolithic Subscriber Line Interface Circuits, SLICs, against overvoltages on the telephone line caused by lightning, ac power contact and induction. The TISP61511D limits voltages that exceed the SLIC supply rail voltage. G A K2 SD6XAE Terminals K1, K2 and A correspond to the alternative line designators of T, R and G or A, B and C. The negative protection voltage is controlled by the voltage, VGG, applied to the G terminal. The SLIC line driver section is typically powered from 0 V (ground) and a negative voltage in the region of -10 V to -70 V. The protector gate is connected to this negative supply. This references the protection (clipping) voltage to the negative supply voltage. As the protection voltage will track the negative supply voltage the overvoltage stress on the SLIC is minimized. Positive overvoltages are clipped to ground by diode forward conduction. Negative overvoltages are initially clipped close to the SLIC negative supply rail value. If sufficient current is available from the overvoltage, then the protector will crowbar into a low voltage on-state condition. As the current subsides the high holding current of the crowbar prevents d.c. latchup. These monolithic protection devices are fabricated in ion-implanted planar vertical power structures for high reliability and in normal system operation they are virtually transparent. The buffered gate design reduces the loading on the SLIC supply during overvoltages caused by power cross and induction. *RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC Jan 27 2003 including Annex JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. TISP61511D Gated Protectors Absolute Maximum Ratings Rating Symbol Value Unit Repetitive peak off-state voltage, VGK = 0, -40 °C ≤ TJ ≤ 85 °C VDRM -100 V Repetitive peak gate-cathode voltage, VKA = 0, -40 °C ≤ TJ ≤ 85 °C VGKRM -85 V Non-repetitive peak on-state pulse current (see Notes 1 and 2) 10/1000 µs 30 5/310 µs 40 ITSP 0.2/310 µs A 40 1/20 µs 90 2/10 µs TJ = -40 °C 120 TJ = 25 °C, 85 °C 170 Non-repetitive peak on-state curr ent, 50 Hz (see Notes 1 and 2) full-sine-wave, 20 ms 5 ITSM 1s A 3.5 Non-repetitive peak gate current, half-sine-wave, 10 ms (see Notes 1 and 2) IGSM 2 A TJ -55 to +150 °C Tstg -55 to +150 °C Junction temperatur e Storage temperature range NOTES: 1. Initially the protector must be in thermal equilibrium with -40 °C ≤ TJ ≤ 85 °C. The surge may be repeated after the device returns to its initial conditions. See the applications section for the details of the impulse generators. 2. The rated current values may be applied either to the Ring to Ground or to the Tip to Ground terminal pairs. Additionally, both terminal pairs may have their rated current values applied simultaneously (in this case the Ground terminal current will be twice the rated current value of an individual terminal pair). Above 85 °C, derate linearly to zero at 150 °C lead temperature. Recommended Operating Conditions Component CG Min Gate decoupling capacitor Typ Max 220 Unit nF Electrical Characteristics, TJ = 25 °C (Unless Otherwise Noted) Parameter ID V(BO) VGK(BO) Off-state current Breakover voltage Gate-cathode voltage at breakover VT On-state voltage VF Forward voltage VFRM NOTE Test Conditions VD = -85 V, VGK = 0 Min Typ Max Unit TJ = 25 °C 5 µA TJ = 70 °C 50 µA V IT = 30 A, 10/1000 µs, 1 kV, RS = 33 Ω, di/dt(i) = 8 A/µs (see Note 3) -58 IT = 30 A, 10/700 µs, 1.5 kV, RS= 10 Ω, di/dt (i) = 14 A/µs (see Note 3) 10 IT = 30 A, 1.2/50 µs, 1.5 kV, RS= 10 Ω, di/dt (i) = 70 A/µs (see Note 3) 20 IT = 38 A, 2/10 µs, 2.5 kV, RS= 61 Ω, di/dt (i) = 40 A/µs (see Note 3) 25 IT = 0.5 A, tw = 500 µs 3 IT = 3 A, t w = 500 µs 4 IF = 5 A, t w = 500 µs 3 IF = 30 A, 10/1000 µs, 1 kV, RS = 33 Ω, di/dt(i) = 8 A/µs (see Note 3) 5 Peak forward recovery IT = 30 A, 10/700 µs, 1.5 kV, RS= 10 Ω, di/dt (i) = 14 A/µs (see Note 3) 5 voltage IT = 30 A, 1.2/50 µs, 1.5 kV, RS= 10 Ω, di/dt (i) = 70 A/µs (see Note 3) 7 IT = 38 A, 2/10 µs, 2.5 kV, RS= 61 Ω, di/dt (i) = 40 A/µs (see Note 3) 12 V V V V 3: All tests have CG = 220 nF and VGG = -48 V. RS is the current limiting resistor between the output of the impulse generator and the R or T terminal. See the applications section for the details of the impulse generators. JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. TISP61511D Gated Protectors Electrical Characteristics, TJ = 25 °C (Unless Otherwise Noted) (Continued) Parameter IH Test Conditions Holding current IT = 1 A, di/dt = -1A /ms, VGG = -48 V Gate reverse current VGG = -75 V, K and A terminals connected IGT Gate trigger current IT = 3 A, t p(g) ≥ 20 µs, VGG = -48 V VGT Gate trigger voltage IT = 3 A, t p(g) ≥ 20 µs, VGG = -48 V CAK NOTE state capacitance Typ Max 150 IGAS Anode-cathode off- Min mA TJ = 25°C 5 TJ = 70°C 0.2 f = 1 MHz, Vd = 1 V, IG = 0, (see Note 4) Unit µA 50 µA 5 mA 2.5 V VD = -3 V 100 pF VD = -48 V 50 pF 4: These capacitance measurements employ a three terminal capacitance bridge incorporating a guard circuit. The unmeasured device terminals are a.c. connected to the guard terminal of the bridge. Thermal Characteristics Parameter RθJA Junctio n to free air thermal resistance Test Conditions Ptot = 0.8 W, TA = 25°C 5 cm 2, FR4 PCB JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. Min D Package Typ Max Unit 170 °C/W TISP61511D Gated Protectors Parameter Measurement Information +i Quadrant I IFSP (= |ITSP|) Forward Conduction Characteristic IFSM (= |ITSM|) IF VF VGK(BO) VGG -v VD +v ID I(BO) IH IS V(BO) VS VT IT ITSM Quadrant III Switching Characteristic ITSP -i PM6XAAA Figure 1. Voltage-Current Characteristic JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. TISP61511D Gated Protectors Thermal Information MAXIMUM NON-RECURRING 50 Hz CURRENT vs CURRENT DURATION ITRMS - Maximum Non-Recurrent 50 Hz Current - A TI6LAA VGEN = 250 Vrms RGEN = 10 to 150 Ω 10 1 0·1 1 10 100 t - Current Duration - s Figure 2. JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. 1000 TISP61511D Gated Protectors DEVICE PARAMETERS General Thyristor based overvoltage protectors, for telecommunications equipment, became popular in the late 1970s. These were fixed voltage breakover triggered devices, likened to solid state gas discharge tubes. As these were new forms of thyristors, the existing thyristor terminology did not cover their special characteristics. This resulted in the invention of new terms based on the application usage and device characteristic. Initially, there was a wide diversity of terms to describe the same thing, but today the number of terms have reduced and stabilized. Programmable, (gated), overvoltage protectors are relatively new and require additional parameters to specify their operation. Similarly to the fixed voltage protectors, the introduction of these devices has resulted in a wide diversity of terms to describe the same thing. To help promote an understanding of the terms and their alternatives, this section has a list of alternative terms and the parameter definitions used for this data sheet. In general, the Bourns approach is to use terms related to the device internal structure, rather than its application usage as a single device may have many applications each using a different terminology for circuit connection. Alternative Symbol Cross-Reference Guide This guide is intended to help the translation of alternative symbols to those used in this data sheet. As in some cases the alternative symbols have no substance in international standards and are not fully defined by the originators, users must confirm symbol equivalence. No liability will be assumed from the use of this guide. Parameter Non-repetitive peak on -state pulse current Off-state current Gate reverse current (with A and K terminals connected) Off-state voltage Data Sheet Alternative Symbol Symbol ITSP IPP ID IGAS VD IR IRM IRG VR VRM Peak forward recovery voltage VFRM VFP Breakover voltage V(BO) VSGL Gate voltage, (VGG is gate supply voltage referenced to the A terminal) Alternative Parameter Peak pulse current Reverse leakage current LINE/GND Reverse leakage current GATE/LINE Reverse voltage LINE/GND Peak forward voltage LINE/GND Dynamic switching voltage GND/LINE Vgate VG VGATE GATE/GND voltage VS Repetitive peak off-state voltage VDRM VMLG Maximum voltage LINE/GND Repetitive peak gate-cathode voltage VGKM VMGL Maximum voltage GATE/LINE Gate-cathode voltage Gate-cathode voltage at breakover Cathode-anode voltage VGK VGL GATE/LINE voltage VGK(BO) VDGL Dynamic switching voltage GATE/LINE VK VLG VGND/LINE LINE/GND voltage Anode-cathode capacitance CAK Coff Off-state capacitance LINE/GND Cathode 1 terminal K1 Tip Tip terminal Cathode 2 terminal K2 Ring Anode terminal A GND Ground terminal Gate terminal G Gate Gate terminal RθJA Rth (j-a) Thermal Resistance, junction to ambient Ring terminal Thermal Resistance, junction to ambient JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. TISP61511D Gated Protectors APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Electrical Characteristics The electrical characteristics of a thyristor overvoltage protector are strongly dependent on junction temperature, TJ. Hence a characteristic value will depend on the junction temperature at the instant of measurement. The values given in this data sheet were measured on commercial testers, which generally minimize the temperature rise caused by testing. Application Circuit Figure 3 shows a typical TISP61511D SLIC card protection circuit. The incoming line wires, R and T, connect to the relay matrix via the series overcurrent protection. Fusible resistors, fuses and positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistors can be used for overcurrent protection. Resistors will reduce the prospective current from the surge generator for both the TISP61511D and the ring/test protector. The TISP7xxxF3 protector has the same protection voltage for any terminal pair. This protector is used when the ring generator configuration may be ground or battery-backed. For dedicated ground-backed ringing generators, the TISP3xxxF3 gives better protection as its inter-wire protection voltage is twice the wire to ground value. Relay contacts 3a and 3b connect the line wires to the SLIC via the TISP61511D protector. The protector gate reference voltage comes from the SLIC negative supply (VBAT). A 220 nF gate capacitor sources the high gate current pulses caused by fast rising impulses. OVERCURRENT PROTECTION TIP WIRE RING/TEST PROTECTION TEST RELAY RING RELAY Th1 R1a SLIC RELAY S3a S1a SLIC PROTECTOR SLIC Th4 S2a Th3 RING WIRE R1b Th5 Th2 TISP 3xxxF3 OR 7xxxF3 S3b S1b S2b TISP 61511D VBAT 220 nF TEST EQUIPMENT RING GENERATOR AI6XAA Figure 3. Typical Application Circuit Impulse Conditions Most lightning tests, used for equipment verification, specify a unidirectional sawtooth waveform which has an exponential rise and an exponential decay. Wave shapes are classified in terms of Peak Amplitude (voltage or current), rise time and a decay time to 50 % of the maximum amplitude. The notation used for the wave shape is amplitude, rise time/decay time . A 38 A, 5/310 µs wave shape would have a peak current value of 38 A, a rise time of 5 µs and a decay time of 310 µs. There are three categories of surge generator type; single wave shape, combination wave shape and circuit defined. Single wave shape generators have essentially the same waveshape for the open circuit voltage and short circuit current (e.g. 10/1000 µs open circuit voltage and short circuit current). Combination generators have two wave shapes, one for the open circuit voltage and the other for the short circuit current (e.g. 1.2/50 µs open circuit voltage and 8/20 µs short circuit current). Circuit specified generators usually equate to a combination generator, although typically only the open circuit voltage waveshape is referenced (e.g. a 10/700 µs open circuit voltage generator typically produces a 5/310 µs short circuit current). If the combination or circuit defined generators operate into a finite resistance the wave shape produced is intermediate between the open circuit and short circuit values. JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. TISP61511D Gated Protectors Impulse Conditions (Continued) When the TISP switches into the on-state it has a very low impedance. As a result, although the surge wave shape may be defined in terms of open circuit voltage, it is the current waveshape that must be used to assess the TISP surge requirement. As an example, the CCITT IX K17 1.5 kV, 10/700 µs surge is changed to a 38 A 5/310 µs waveshape when driving into a short circuit. The impulse generators used for rated values are tabulated below Impulse Generators used for Rated Values Peak Voltage Voltage Generator Fictive External Standard Setting Wave Form Source Impedance Series Resistance V µs Y Y A µs TR-NWT-001089 2500 2/10 5 10 170 2/10 ETS 300 047-1 3000 1.2/50 38 0 80 0.6/18 RLM88/I3124 1600 0.5/700 40 0 40 0.2/310 K17, K20, K21 1600 10/700 40 0 40 5/310 TR-NWT-001089 1000 10/1000 10 23 30 10/1000 Peak Current Current Wave Form Figures 4. and 5. show how the TISP61511D limits negative and positive overvoltages. Negative overvoltages (Figure 4.) are initially clipped close to the SLIC negative supply rail value (VBAT). If sufficient current is available from the overvoltage, then the protector (Th5) will crowbar into a low voltage on-state condition. As the overvoltage subsides the high holding current of the crowbar prevents dc latchup. The protection voltage will be the sum of the gate supply (VBAT) and the peak gate-cathode voltage (VGK(BO)). The protection voltage will be increased if there is a long connection between the gate decoupling capacitor, C, and the gate terminal. During the initial rise of a fast impulse, the gate current (IG) is the same as the cathode current (IK ). Rates of 70 A/µs can cause inductive voltages of 0.7 V in 2.5 cm of printed wiring track. To minimize this inductive voltage increase of protection voltage, the length of the capacitor to gate terminal tracking should be minimized. Inductive voltages in the protector cathode wiring can increase the protection voltage. These voltages can be minimized by routing the SLIC connection through the protector as shown in Figure 3. SLIC PROTECTOR IK IF Th5 TISP 61511D C 220 nF SLIC PROTECTOR SLIC SLIC Th5 TISP 61511D IG VBAT VBAT AI6XAB Figure 4. Negative Overvoltage Condition 220 nF AI6XAC Figure 5. Positive Overvoltage Condition Positive overvoltages (Figure 5.) are clipped to ground by forward conduction of the diode section in protector (Th5). Fast rising impulses will cause short term overshoots in forward voltage (VFRM). The thyristor protection voltage, (V(BO)) increases under lightning surge conditions due to thyristor regeneration time. This increase is dependent on the rate of current rise, di/dt, when the TISP is clamping the voltage in its breakdown region. The diode protection voltage, known as the forward recovery voltage, (VFRM ) is dependent on the rate of current rise, di/dt. An estimate of the circuit di/dt can be made from the surge generator voltage rate of rise, dv/dt, and the circuit resistance. The impulse generators used for characterizing the protection voltages are tabulated on the next page. JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. TISP61511D Gated Protectors Impulse Generators used for Electrical Characteristic Values Peak Voltage Voltage Generator Fictive External Series Standard Setting Wave Form Source Impedance Resistance V µs Y Y A A/µs µs TR-NWT-001089 2500 2/10 5 61 38 40 2/10 ETS 300 047-1 1500 1.2/50 38 12 30 70 0.6/21 K17, K20, K21 1500 10/700 40 10 30 14 5/350 TR-NWT-001089 1000 10/1000 10 23 30 8 10/1000 “TISP” is a trademark of Bourns, Ltd., a Bourns Company, and is Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. “Bourns” is a registered trademark of Bourns, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries. JULY 1995 — REVISED MARCH 2006 Specifications are subject to change without notice. Customers should verify actual device performance in their specific applications. Peak Current Di/dt(I) Initial Current Rate Of Rise Wave Form