LM124-LM224-LM324 Low power quad operational amplifiers Features ■ Wide gain bandwidth: 1.3 MHz ■ Input common-mode voltage range includes ground ■ Large voltage gain: 100 dB ■ Very low supply current per amplifier: 375 µA ■ Low input bias current: 20 nA ■ Low input offset voltage: 5 mV max. (For more accurate applications, use the equivalent parts LM124A-LM224A-LM324A which feature 3 mV max.) ■ Low input offset current: 2 nA ■ Wide power supply range: – Single supply: +3 V to +30 V – Dual supplies: ±1.5 V to ±15 V N DIP14 (Plastic package) D SO-14 (Plastic micropackage) Description These circuits consist of four independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers. They operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage. P TSSOP-14 (Thin shrink small outline package) Order codes Part number LM124N LM124D/DT LM224N LM224D/DT Temperature range -55°C, +125°C -40°C, +105°C LM224PT LM324N LM324D/DT LM324PT October 2006 0°C, +70°C Package Packing DIP SO DIP SO TSSOP (Thin shrink outline package) DIP SO TSSOP (Thin shrink outline package) Tube Tube or tape & reel Tube Tube or tape & reel Rev 5 Tape & reel Tube Tube or tape & reel Tape & reel 1/19 www.st.com 19 Contents LM124-LM224-LM324 Contents 1 Pin & schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 Typical single-supply applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5 Macromodels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 6 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7 2/19 6.1 DIP14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6.2 SO-14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.3 TSSOP14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 LM124-LM224-LM324 1 Pin & schematic diagram Pin & schematic diagram Figure 1. Pin connections (top view) 14 Output 4 Output 1 1 Inverting Input 1 2 - - 13 Inverting Input 4 Non-inverting Input 1 3 + + 12 Non-inverting Input 4 11 VCC - VCC + 4 Non-inverting Input 2 5 + + 10 Non-inverting Input 3 Inverting Input 2 6 - - 9 Inverting Input 3 8 Output 3 Output 2 7 Figure 2. Schematic diagram (1/4 LM124) 3/19 Absolute maximum ratings 2 LM124-LM224-LM324 Absolute maximum ratings Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol VCC Vi Parameter LM124 Supply voltage Input voltage Vid Differential input voltage Ptot Power dissipation N suffix D suffix (1) Input current (3) Toper Operating free-air temperature range Tstg Storage temperature range LM324 Unit ±16 or 32 V 32 V 32 V 500 500 400 Output short-circuit duration (2) Iin LM224 500 400 mW 50 mA Infinite 50 50 -55 to +125 -40 to +105 0 to +70 °C -65 to +150 °C Maximum junction temperature 150 °C Rthja Thermal resistance junction to ambient(4) SO14 TSSOP14 DIP14 103 100 83 Rthjc Thermal resistance junction to case SO14 TSSOP14 DIP14 31 32 33 HBM: human body model(5) 250 Tj ESD MM: machine model(6) °C/W °C/W 150 CDM: charged device model V 1500 + 1. Either or both input voltages must not exceed the magnitude of VCC or VCC-. 2. Short-circuits from the output to VCC can cause excessive heating if VCC > 15V. The maximum output current is approximately 40 mA independent of the magnitude of VCC. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous short-circuits on all amplifiers. 3. This input current only exists when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base junction of the input PNP transistor becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input diode clamps. In addition to this diode action, there is also NPN parasitic action on the IC chip. This transistor action can cause the output voltages of the op-amps to go to the VCC voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time during which an input is driven negative. This is not destructive and normal output is restored for input voltages above -0.3 V. 4. Short-circuits can cause excessive heating. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous shortcircuits on all amplifiers. These are typical values given for a single layer board (except for TSSOP, a twolayer board). 5. Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor into pin of device. 6. Machine model ESD, a 200 pF cap is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly into the IC with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 Ω), into pin-to-pin of device. 4/19 LM124-LM224-LM324 3 Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics Table 2. VCC+ = +5 V, VCC-= Ground, Vo = 1.4 V, Tamb = +25° C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Vio Parameter Min. Input offset voltage (1) Tamb = +25° C LM124-LM224 LM324 Typ. Max. Unit 2 5 7 mV Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax LM124-LM224 LM324 7 9 Iio Input offset current Tamb = +25° C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 2 30 100 nA Iib Input bias current (2) Tamb = +25° C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 20 150 300 nA Avd Large signal voltage gain VCC+ = +15 V, RL = 2 kΩ, Vo = 1.4 V to 11.4 V Tamb = +25° C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 50 25 100 SVR Supply voltage rejection ratio (Rs ≤ 10 kΩ) VCC+ = 5 V to 30 V Tamb = +25° C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 65 65 110 ICC Supply current, all Amp, no load Tamb = +25° C VCC = +5 V VCC = +30 V Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax VCC = +5 V VCC = +30 V V/mV dB 0.7 1.5 1.2 3 0.8 1.5 1.2 3 Vicm Input common mode voltage range VCC = +30 V (3) Tamb = +25° C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 0 0 CMR Common mode rejection ratio (Rs ≤ 10 kΩ) Tamb = +25° C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 70 60 80 Isource Output current source (Vid = +1 V) VCC = +15 V, Vo = +2 V 20 40 VCC -1.5 VCC -2 mA V dB 70 mA 5/19 Electrical characteristics Table 2. VCC+ = +5 V, VCC-= Ground, Vo = 1.4 V, Tamb = +25° C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Isink VOH LM124-LM224-LM324 Parameter Min. Typ. Output sink current (Vid = -1 V) VCC = +15 V, Vo = +2 V VCC = +15 V, Vo = +0.2 V 10 12 20 50 High level output voltage VCC = +30 V Tamb = +25° C, RL = 2 kΩ Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Tamb = +25° C, RL = 10 kΩ Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 26 26 27 27 27 VCC = +5 V, RL = 2 kΩ Tamb = +25°C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax 3.5 3 Max. Unit mA µA 28 V VOL Low level output voltage (RL = 10 kΩ) Tamb = +25°C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax SR Slew rate VCC = 15 V, Vi = 0.5 to 3 V, RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 100 pF, unity gain 0.4 V/µs GBP Gain bandwidth product VCC = 30 V, f = 100 kHz,Vin = 10 mV, RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 100 pF 1.3 MHz THD Total harmonic distortion f = 1 kHz, Av = 20 dB, RL = 2 kΩ, Vo = 2 Vpp, CL = 100 pF, VCC = 30 V 0.015 % Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, Rs = 100 Ω, VCC = 30 V 40 nV -----------Hz DVio Input offset voltage drift 7 30 µV/°C DIio Input offset current drift 10 200 pA/°C en Vo1/Vo2 Channel separation 1 kHz ≤ f ≤ 20 kHZ 5 20 20 mV (4) 120 dB 1. Vo = 1.4 V, Rs = 0 Ω, 5 V < VCC+ < 30 V, 0 < Vic < VCC+ - 1.5 V 2. The direction of the input current is out of the IC. This current is essentially constant, independent of the state of the output so there is no change in the load on the input lines. 3. The input common-mode voltage of either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0. V. The upper end of the common-mode voltage range is VCC+ - 1.5 V, but either or both inputs can go to +32 V without damage. 4. Due to the proximity of external components, ensure that stray capacitance between these external parts does not cause coupling. Typically, this can be detected because this type of capacitance increases at higher frequencies. 6/19 LM124-LM224-LM324 Figure 3. Input bias current vs. ambient temperature Electrical characteristics Figure 4. Current limiting INPUT BIAS CURRENT versus AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IB (nA) 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0 -55-35-15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 5. Input voltage range Figure 6. Supply current Figure 7. Gain bandwidth product Figure 8. Common mode rejection ratio 7/19 Electrical characteristics 8/19 LM124-LM224-LM324 LM124-LM224-LM324 Figure 9. Input current Figure 11. Power supply & common mode rejection ratio Electrical characteristics Figure 10. Large signal voltage gain Figure 12. Voltage gain 9/19 Typical single-supply applications 4 LM124-LM224-LM324 Typical single-supply applications Figure 13. AC coupled inverting amplifier Figure 14. High input Z adjustable gain DC instrumentation amplifier if R1 = R5 and R3 = R4 = R6 = R7 2R e0 = 1 + ----------1- (e2 -e1) R 2 As shown e0 = 101 (e2 - e1). Figure 15. AC coupled non inverting amplifier Figure 16. DC summing amplifier e0 = e1 +e2 -e3 -e4 Where (e1 +e2) ≥ (e3 +e4) to keep e0 ≥ 0V Figure 17. Non-inverting DC gain 10/19 Figure 18. Low drift peak detector LM124-LM224-LM324 Figure 19. Active bandpass filter Typical single-supply applications Figure 20. High input Z, DC differential amplifier R R 1 4 For ------- = ------R R 2 3 (CMRR depends on this resistor ratio match) Fo = 1kHz Q = 50 Av = 100 (40dB) e0 ⎛ 1 + R-------4⎞ ⎝ R3⎠ (e2 - e1) As shown e0 = (e2 - e1) Figure 21. Using symmetrical amplifiers to reduce input current (general concept) 11/19 Macromodels 5 Macromodels Note: Please consider the following before using this macromodel: LM124-LM224-LM324 All models are a trade-off between accuracy and complexity (i.e. simulation time). Macromodels are not a substitute to breadboarding; rather, they confirm the validity of a design approach and help to select surrounding component values. A macromodel emulates the nominal performance of a typical device within specified operating conditions (temperature, supply voltage, etc.). Thus the macromodel is often not as exhaustive as the datasheet, its purpose is to illustrate the main parameters of the product. Data derived from macromodels that is used outside of the specified conditions (Vcc, temperature, etc.) or even worse, outside of the device operating conditions (Vcc, Vicm, etc.) is not reliable in any way. ** Standard Linear Ics Macromodels, 1993. ** CONNECTIONS : * 1 INVERTING INPUT * 2 NON-INVERTING INPUT * 3 OUTPUT * 4 POSITIVE POWER SUPPLY * 5 NEGATIVE POWER SUPPLY .SUBCKT LM124 1 3 2 4 5 ******************************************************* .MODEL MDTH D IS=1E-8 KF=3.104131E-15 CJO=10F * INPUT STAGE CIP 2 5 1.000000E-12 CIN 1 5 1.000000E-12 EIP 10 5 2 5 1 EIN 16 5 1 5 1 RIP 10 11 2.600000E+01 RIN 15 16 2.600000E+01 RIS 11 15 2.003862E+02 DIP 11 12 MDTH 400E-12 DIN 15 14 MDTH 400E-12 VOFP 12 13 DC 0 VOFN 13 14 DC 0 IPOL 13 5 1.000000E-05 CPS 11 15 3.783376E-09 DINN 17 13 MDTH 400E-12 VIN 17 5 0.000000e+00 DINR 15 18 MDTH 400E-12 VIP 4 18 2.000000E+00 FCP 4 5 VOFP 3.400000E+01 FCN 5 4 VOFN 3.400000E+01 FIBP 2 5 VOFN 2.000000E-03 FIBN 5 1 VOFP 2.000000E-03 * AMPLIFYING STAGE FIP 5 19 VOFP 3.600000E+02 FIN 5 19 VOFN 3.600000E+02 12/19 LM124-LM224-LM324 Macromodels RG1 19 5 3.652997E+06 RG2 19 4 3.652997E+06 CC 19 5 6.000000E-09 DOPM 19 22 MDTH 400E-12 DONM 21 19 MDTH 400E-12 HOPM 22 28 VOUT 7.500000E+03 VIPM 28 4 1.500000E+02 HONM 21 27 VOUT 7.500000E+03 VINM 5 27 1.500000E+02 EOUT 26 23 19 5 1 VOUT 23 5 0 ROUT 26 3 20 COUT 3 5 1.000000E-12 DOP 19 25 MDTH 400E-12 VOP 4 25 2.242230E+00 DON 24 19 MDTH 400E-12 VON 24 5 7.922301E-01 .ENDS The values provided in Table 3 are derived from this macromodel. Table 3. Vcc+ = +15V, Vcc- = 0V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Conditions Vio Value Unit 0 mV Avd RL = 2 kΩ 100 V/mV Icc No load, per amplifier 350 µA -15 to +13.5 V +13.5 V 5 mV Vicm kΩ (VCC+=15V) VOH RL = 2 VOL RL = 10 kΩ Ios Vo = +2 V, VCC = +15 V +40 mA GBP RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 100 pF 1.3 MHz SR RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 100 pF 0.4 V/µs 13/19 Package information 6 LM124-LM224-LM324 Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, STMicroelectronics offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an STMicroelectronics trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. 14/19 LM124-LM224-LM324 6.1 Package information DIP14 package Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. a1 0.51 B 1.39 Typ. Inches Max. Min. Typ. Max. 0.020 1.65 0.055 0.065 b 0.5 0.020 b1 0.25 0.010 D 20 0.787 E 8.5 0.335 e 2.54 0.100 e3 15.24 0.600 F 7.1 0.280 I 5.1 0.201 L Z 3.3 1.27 0.130 2.54 0.050 0.100 15/19 Package information 6.2 LM124-LM224-LM324 SO-14 package Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. Typ. A A1 Inches Max. Typ. 1.75 0.1 Max. 0.068 0.2 A2 0.003 0.007 1.65 0.064 B 0.35 0.46 0.013 0.018 c 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 c1 45° (typ.) D 8.55 8.75 0.336 0.344 H 5.8 6.2 0.228 0.244 e 1.27 0.050 E 3.8 4.0 0.149 0.157 L 0.5 0.127 0.019 0.050 k 16/19 Min. 8° (max.) LM124-LM224-LM324 6.3 Package information TSSOP14 package Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. Typ. Inches Max. A Min. Typ. Max. 1.2 0.047 A1 0.05 0.010 0.15 0.002 0.004 0.006 A2 0.8 1 1.05 0.031 0.039 0.041 b 0.19 0.30 0.007 0.012 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.0089 D 4.9 5 5.1 0.193 0.197 0.201 E 6.2 6.4 6.6 0.244 0.252 0.260 E1 4.3 4.4 4.48 0.169 0.173 0.176 e 0.65 BSC K 0° L1 0.45 A 0.60 0.0256 BSC 8° 0° 8° 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030 A2 A1 b e K c L E D E1 PIN 1 IDENTIFICATION 1 17/19 Revision history 7 18/19 LM124-LM224-LM324 Revision history Date Revision Changes 1-Oct.-2003 1 First release. 2-Jan-2005 2 Modifications on AMR Table 1 on page 4 (explanation of Vid and Vi limits). 1-Jun-2005 3 ESD protection inserted in Table 1 on page 4. 2-Jan-2006 4 Tj and Rthjc parameters added in Table 1. on page 4. 4-Oct-2006 5 Editorial update. Table 3 moved to Section 5: Macromodels on page 12. LM124-LM224-LM324 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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