PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 50-A, 8-V to 14-V INPUT, NON-ISOLATED, WIDE-OUTPUT ADJUST, VERTICAL POWER MODULE w/ TurboTrans™ TECHNOLOGY FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • • • 50-A Output Current 8-V to 14-V Input Voltage Wide-Output Voltage Adjust (0.8 V to 3.6 V) Efficiencies up to 95% On/Off Inhibit Differential Output Sense Output Overcurrent Protection (Nonlatching, Auto-Reset) Overtemperature Protection Start Up Into Output Prebias Programmable Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) Safety Agency Approvals: UL/cUL 60950, EN60950, VDE Operating Temperature: –40°C to 85°C • • • • TurboTrans™Technology Designed to meet ultra fast transient requirements up to 300 A/µs Multi-Phase, Switch-Mode Topology AutoTrack™ Sequencing APPLICATIONS • Advanced Computing and Server Applications DESCRIPTION The PTV08T250W is a high-performance 50-A rated, non-isolated, vertical power module which uses a multi-phase switched-mode topology. This provides a small, ready-to-use module that can power the most densely populated multiprocessor systems. The PTV08T250W is produced in a 21-pin, single in-line pin (SIP) package. The SIP footprint minimizes board space, and offers an alternate package option for space conscious applications. The modules use double-sided surface mount construction to provide a compact design. Operating from an input voltage range of 8 V to 14 V, the PTV08T250W requires a single resistor to set the output voltage to any value over the range, 0.8 V to 3.6 V. The wide input voltage range makes the PTV08T250W suitable for advanced computing and server applications that use a loosely regulated 12-V intermediate distribution bus. A new feature included in this 2nd generation of PTH and PTV modules is TurboTrans™ technology (patent pending). TurboTrans allows the transient response of the regulator to be optimized externally, resulting in a reduction of output voltage deviation following a load transient and a reduction in required output capacitance. This feature also offers enhanced stability when used with ultra-low ESR output capacitors. The PTV08T250W incorporates a comprehensive list of standard features. They include on/off inhibit, a differential remote output voltage sense which ensures tight load regulation, and an output overcurrent and overtemperature shutdown to protect against load faults. A programmable undervoltage lockout allows the turn-on and turn-off voltage thresholds to be customized. AutoTrack™ sequencing is a popular feature which greatly simplifies the simultaneous power-up and power-down of multiple modules in a power system by allowing the outputs to track a common voltage. Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. TurboTrans, AutoTrack, TMS320 are trademarks of Texas Instruments. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. STANDARD APPLICATION AutoTrack TurboTrans 15 9 AutoTrack TurboTrans +Sense 1 3 6,7 VI 13,14 20,21 VI VO PTV08T250W +Sense VO 10 17 2 16 Inhibit/ Prog UVLO GND CI 560 µF (Required) RTT 1% 0.05 W (Optional) –Sense GND 12 18 19 4 VO Adj 5 11 8 CO 660 µF (Required) RSET 1% 0.05 W COTT (Optional) L O A D –Sense GND A. GND RSET = Required to set the output voltage higher than the minimum value (see the electrical characteristic for values.) ORDERING INFORMATION PTV08T250W (1) (2) PACKAGE OPTIONS (PTV08T250Wxx) Pb – free and RoHS Compatible (1) PACKAGE REF (2) Vertical T/H No EAN Vertical T/H Yes EAN VOLTAGE CODE DESCRIPTION 0.8 V – 3.6 V (Adjust) AH 0.8 V – 3.6 V (Adjust) AD Pb – free option specifies Sn/Ag pin solder material. Reference the applicable package reference drawing for the dimensions and PC board layout. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) UNIT Signal input voltages Track control (pin 15) TA Operating temperature range over VI range Twave Wave solder temperature Tstg Storage temperature Surface temperature of module body or pins (5 seconds) Per Mil-STD-883D, Method 2002.3, 1 msec, ½ Sine, mounted Mechanical vibration Mil-STD-883D, Method 2007.2, 20–2000 Hz Weight 2 –40°C to 85°C 260°C –40°C to 125°C Mechanical shock Flammability –0.3 V to VI + 0.3 V 500 G 15 G 16.6 grams Meets UL94V-O PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C, VI = 12 V, VO = 3.3 V, CI = 560 µF, CO = 660 µF, and IO = IOmax (unless otherwise stated) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS IO Output current 8 V ≤ VI ≤ 14 V VI Input voltage range Over IO range VOtol Set-point voltage tolerance ∆Regte Temperature variation –40°C < TA < 85°C Line regulation MIN TYP MAX 25°C, Natural Convection 0 50 (1) 60°C, 200 LFM airflow 0 48 (1) 8 14 ±2 (2) UNIT A V %VO ±0.5 %VO Over VI range ±3 mV Over IO range ±3 mV mp ∆Reglin e ∆Regloa Load regulation d ∆Regtot Total output variation Includes set-point, line, load, –40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C ±3 (2) ∆Regadj Output adjust range η Efficiency IOtrip 0.8 RSET = 2.49 kΩ, VO = 3.3 V 95 RSET = 6.98 kΩ, VO = 2.5 V 93 RSET = 13.0 kΩ, VO = 2 V 92 RSET = 16.9 kΩ, VO = 1.8 V 91 RSET = 27.4 kΩ, VO = 1.5 V 90 RSET = 53.6 kΩ, VO = 1.2 V 88 RSET = 113.0 kΩ, VO = 1 V 86 RSET = open circuit, VO = 0.8 V 82 All voltages 15 IO = 35 A VO ripple (peak-to-peak) 20-MHz bandwidth Overcurrent threshold Reset, followed by auto-recovery ttr w/o TurboTrans CO= 660 µF ∆Vtr ttr Transient response ∆Vtr 2.5 A/µs load step 50 to 100% IOmax ttrTT w/o TurboTrans CO= 3300 µF, Type C w/ TurboTrans CO= 3300 µF, Type C ∆VtrTT IILtrack Track input current (pin 15) 3.6 75 100 Track slew rate capability CO≤ CO(max) UVLO Undervoltage lockout threshold Pin 16 open Inhibit control (pin 16) Referenced to GND % mVPP 115 µs VO over/undershoot 130 mV Recovery time 50 µs VO over/undershoot 85 mV Recovery time 50 µs VO over/undershoot 50 mV –0.13 7.5 (4) VI Increasing VI Decreasing 6 (3) mA 1 V/ms 7.8 6.5 (4) Input high voltage 2.5 Open (5) VIL Input low voltage –0.2 0.5 IILinhibi t Input low current IIinh Input standby current Pin 16 to GND fs Switching frequency Over VI and IO ranges CI External input capacitance (3) (4) (5) (6) A 50 VIH (1) (2) V Recovery time Pin to GND dVtrack/ dt %VO Pin to GND 0.5 560 (6) 1050 V mA 35 900 V mA 1200 kHz µF See SOA curves or consult factory for appropriate derating. The set-point voltage tolerance is affected by the tolerance of RSET. The stated limit is unconditionally met if RSET has a tolerance of 1% with 100 ppm/°C or better temperature stability. This control pin has an internal pull-up to 5 V. A small, low-leakage (<100 nA) MOSFET or open-drain/collector voltage supervisor IC is recommended to control this pin. For further information, see the related application section. These are the default voltages. They may be adjusted using the UVLO Prog control input. See the Application Information section for further guidance. This control pin has an internal pull-up to 5 V. When left open-circuit the module operates when input power is applied. A small, low-leakage (<100 nA) MOSFET is recommended to control this pin. For further information, see the related application section. A minimum capacitance of 560-µF is required at the input for proper operation. For best results, 1000 µF is recommended. The capacitance must be rated for a minimum of 300 mArms of ripple current. 3 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) TA = 25°C, VI = 12 V, VO = 3.3 V, CI = 560 µF, CO = 660 µF, and IO = IOmax (unless otherwise stated) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Capacitance Value MIN Nonceramic w/out TurboTrans CO Ceramic Equivalent series resistance (non-ceramic) External output capacitance w/ TurboTrans 660 (7) Capacitance Value (7) Reliability Per Bellcore TR-332 50% stress, TA = 40°C, ground benigh MAX 14,000 (8) 3000 3 (9) see TT chart (10) Capacitance X ESR product (CO*ESR) MTBF TYP 2.7 UNIT µF mΩ 14,000 (11) µF 10,000 (12) mΩ*µF 106 Hrs A minimum value of output capacitance is required for proper operation. Adding additional capacitance at the load further improves transient response. See the Capacitor Application Information section for further guidance. (8) This is the calculated maximum. This value includes both ceramic and non-ceramic capacitors. The minimum ESR requirement often results in a lower value. For further information, see the related application section. (9) This is the typical ESR for all the electrolytic (nonceramic) output capacitance. Use 5 mΩ as the minimum when using manufacturer's max-ESR values to calculate. (10) Minimum capacitance is determined by the transient deviation requirement. A corresponding resistor, RTT is required for proper operation. See the TurboTrans Selection section for guidance in selecting the capacitance and RTT value (11) This is the calculated maximum output capacitance. This value includes both ceramic and non-ceramic capacitors. (12) When calculating the Capacitance X ESR product use the capacitance and ESR values of a single capacitor. For an output capacitor bank of several capacitor types and values, calculate the C*ESR product using the values of the capacitor that makes up the majority of the capacitance. 4 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 DEVICE INFORMATION PTV08T250W (Top View) PIN 1 TERMINAL FUNCTIONS TERMINAL NAME DESCRIPTION NO. GND 4, 5, 11, 12, 18, This is the common ground connection for the VI and VO power connections. It is also the 0 Vdc reference 19 for the control inputs. VI 6, 7, 13, 14, 20, The positive input voltage power node to the module, which is referenced to common GND. 21 VO Inhibit / UVLO VO Adjust 3, 10, 17 The regulated positive power output with respect to GND. 16 The Inhibit pin is an open-collector/drain negative logic input that is referenced to GND. Applying a low-level ground signal to this input disables the module’s output and turns off the output voltage. When the Inhibit control is active, the input current drawn by the regulator is significantly reduced. If the Inhibit pin is left open-circuit, the module produces an output whenever the input voltage is above the UVLO threshold. This pin is also used for input undervoltage lockout (UVLO) programming. Connecting a resistor from this pin to signal ground allows the ON threshold of the UVLO to be adjusted higher than the default value. The hysterisis can also be independently reduced by connecting a second resistor from this pin to VI. For further information, see the Application Information section. 8 A 1%, 0.05-W resistor must be connected between this pin and GND to set the output voltage higher than the minimum value. The set-point range for the output voltage is from 0.8 V to 3.6 V. The resistor required for a given output voltage may be calculated from the following formula. If left open circuit, the module output defaults to its lowest output voltage value. For further information on the adjustment and/or trimming of the output voltage, see the related Application Information section. RSET = 30.1 x 0.8 ( VO - 0.8) - 7.135 kW The specification table gives the preferred resistor values for a number of standard output voltages. +Sense 1 The sense inputs allow the regulation circuit to compensate for voltage drop between the module and the load. For optimal voltage accuracy, +Sense should be connected to VO. If it is left open, a low-value internal resistor ensures that the output remains in regulation. –Sense 2 For optimal voltage accuracy, –Sense should be connected to the ground return at the load. If it is left open, a low-value internal resistor ensures that the output remains in regulation. 15 This is an analog control input that allows the output voltage to follow another voltage during power up and power down sequences. The pin is active from 0 V, up to the nominal set-point voltage. Within this range, the module output follows the voltage at the Track pin on a volt-for-volt basis. When the control voltage is raised above this range, the module regulates at its nominal output voltage. If unused, this input should be connected to VI for a faster power up. For further information, see the related Application Information section. 9 This input pin adjusts the transient response of the regulator. For a given value of output capacitance, a reduction in peak output voltage deviation and increased system stability is achieved by placing a resistor between this pin and +Sense. A 1%, 0.05-W resistor must be connected between this pin and +Sense to activate the TurboTrans feature. Suggested placement of this resistor is within 1 cm from pin 9. The resistor value required can be selected from the TurboTrans resistor table. If unused, this input pin should be left open-circuit. For further information, see the related Application Information section. Track TurboTrans 5 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI = 12 V) (1) (2) EFFICIENCY vs LOAD CURRENT POWER DISSIPATION vs LOAD CURRENT VO = 2.5 V VO = 3.3 V VO = 1.8 V VO = 1.2 V VO = 0.8 V PD - Power Dissipation - W Efficiency - % VO = 3.3 V VO = 2.5 V VO = 1.8 V VO = 1.2 V VO = 0.8 V IO- Output Current - A IO- Output Current - A Figure 2. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE vs OUTPUT CURRENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 400 LFM 200 LFM 100 LFM Nat Conv IO- Output Current - A Figure 3. (2) 6 200 LFM 100 LFM Nat Conv VO = 3.3 V VO = 1.8 V (1) 400 LFM Temperature Derating - °C Temperature Derating - °C Figure 1. IO- Output Current - A Figure 4. The electrical characteristic data has been developed from actual products tested at 25°C. This data is considered typical for the converter. Applies to Figure 1 and Figure 2. The temperature derating curves represent the conditions at which internal components are at or below the manufacturer's maximum operating temperatures. Derating limits apply to modules soldered directly to a 4-in. x 4-in., double-sided, 4-layer PCB with 1-oz. copper. See the mechanical specification for more information. Applies to Figure 3 and Figure 4. PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI = 8 V) (1) (2) EFFICIENCY vs LOAD CURRENT POWER DISSIPATION vs LOAD CURRENT VO = 2.5 V Efficiency - % VO = 1.2 V VO = 1.8 V VO = 0.8 V VO = 3.3 V PD - Power Dissipation - W VO = 3.3 V VO = 2.5 V VO = 1.8 V VO = 1.2 V VO = 0.8 V IO- Output Current - A Figure 5. Figure 6. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE vs OUTPUT CURRENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 400 LFM 200 LFM 100 LFM Nat Conv IO- Output Current - A Figure 7. (2) 200 LFM 100 LFM Nat Conv VO = 3.3 V VO = 1.8 V (1) 400 LFM Temperature Derating - °C Temperature Derating - °C IO- Output Current - A IO- Output Current - A Figure 8. The electrical characteristic data has been developed from actual products tested at 25°C. This data is considered typical for the converter. Applies to Figure 5 and Figure 6. The temperature derating curves represent the conditions at which internal components are at or below the manufacturer's maximum operating temperatures. Derating limits apply to modules soldered directly to a 4-in. x 4-in., double-sided, 4-layer PCB with 1-oz. copper. See the mechanical specification for more information. Applies to Figure 7 and Figure 8. 7 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 CAPACITOR APPLICATION INFORMATION CAPACITOR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PTV08T250W POWER MODULE The PTV08T250W is a state-of-the-art multi-phase power converter topology that uses three parallel switching and filter inductor paths between the common input and output filter capacitors. The three paths share the load current, operate at the same frequency, and are evenly displaced in phase. With multiple switching paths the transient output current capability is significantly increased. This reduces the amount of external output capacitance required to support a load transient. As a further benefit, the ripple current, as seen by the input and output capacitors, is reduced in magnitude and effectively tripled in frequency. Input Capacitor (Required) The improved transient response of a multi-phase converter places increased burden on the transient capability of the input power source. The size and value of the input capacitor is therefore determined by the converter’s transient performance capability. The minimum amount of required input capacitance is 560 µF, with an RMS ripple current rating of 300 mA. This minimum value assumes that the converter is supplied with a responsive, low inductance input source. This source should have ample capacitive decoupling, and be distributed to the converter via PCB power and ground planes. For high-performance applications, or wherever the input source performance is degraded, 1000 µF of input capacitance is recommended. The additional input capacitance above the minimum level insures an optimized performance. Ripple current (rms) rating, less than 100 mΩ of equivalent series resistance (ESR), and temperature are the main considerations when selecting input capacitors. The ripple current reflected from the input of the PTV08T250W module is moderate to low. Therefore, any good quality, computer-grade electrolytic capacitor has an adequate ripple current rating. Regular tantalum capacitors are not recommended for the input bus. These capacitors require a recommended minimum voltage rating of 2 × (maximum dc voltage + ac ripple). This is standard practice to ensure reliability. No tantalum capacitors were found with a sufficient voltage rating to meet this requirement. When the operating temperature is below 0°C, the ESR of aluminum electrolytic capacitors increases. For these applications, Os-Con, poly-aluminum, and polymer-tantalum types should be considered. Adding one or two ceramic capacitors to the input attenuates high-frequency reflected ripple current. TurboTrans Output Capacitor The PTV08T250W requires a minimum output capacitance of 660 µF. The required capacitance above 660µF is determined by actual transient deviation requirements. TurboTrans allows the designer to optimize the capacitance load according to the system transient design requirement. High quality, ultra-low ESR capacitors are required to maximize TurboTrans effectiveness. Capacitors with a capacitance (µF) X ESR (mΩ) product of ≤ 10,000 mΩ×µF are required. Working Example: A bank of 6 identical capacitors, each with a capacitance of 680 µF and 5 mΩ ESR, has a C × ESR product of 3400 µF x mΩ (680 µF × 5 mΩ). Using TurboTrans in conjunction with the high quality capacitors (capacitance (µF) × ESR (mΩ)) reduces the overall capacitance requirement while meeting the minimum transient amplitude level. Table 1 includes a preferred list of capacitors by type and vendor. See the Output Bus / TurboTrans column. Note: See the TurboTrans Technology Application Notes within this document for selection of specific capacitance. Non-TurboTrans Output Capacitor The PTV08T250W requires a minimum output capacitance of 660 µF. Non-TurboTrans applications must observe minimum output capacitance ESR limits. A combination of 200 µF of ceramic capacitors plus low ESR (15 mΩ to 30 mΩ) Os-Con electrolytic/tantalum type capacitors can be used. When using Polymer tantalum types, tantalum type, or Oscon types only, the 8 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 CAPACITOR APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) capacitor ESR bank limit is 3 mΩ to 5 mΩ. (Note: no ceramic capacitors are required). This is necessary for the stable operation of the regulator. Additional capacitance can be added to improve the module's performance to load transients. High quality computer-grade electrolytic capacitors are recommended. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors provide adequate decoupling over the frequency range, 2 kHz to 150 kHz, and are suitable when ambient temperatures are above -20°C. For operation below -20°C, tantalum, ceramic, or Os-Con type capacitors are necessary. When using a combination of one or more non-ceramic capacitors, the calculated equivalent ESR should be no lower than 2 mΩ (4 mΩ when calculating using the manufacturer’s maximum ESR values). A list of preferred low-ESR type capacitors, are identified in Table 1. Ceramic Capacitors Above 150 kHz the performance of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is less effective. Multilayer ceramic capacitors have very low ESR and a resonant frequency higher than the bandwidth of the regulator. They can be used to reduce the reflected ripple current at the input as well as improve the transient response of the output. When used on the output their combined ESR is not critical as long as the total value of ceramic capacitors, with values between 10 µF and 100 µF, does not exceed 3000 µF (non-TurboTrans). In TurboTrans applications, when ceramic capacitors are used on the output bus, total capacitance including bulk and ceramic types is not to exceed 14,000 µF. Tantalum, Polymer-Tantalum Capacitors Tantalum type capacitors are only used on the output bus, and are recommended for applications where the ambient operating temperature is less than 0°C. The AVX TPS series and Kemet capacitor series are suggested over many other tantalum types due to their higher rated surge, power dissipation, and ripple current capability. As a caution, many general-purpose tantalum capacitors have higher ESR, reduced power dissipation, and lower ripple current capability. These capacitors are also less reliable due to their reduced power dissipation and surge current ratings. Tantalum capacitors that have no stated ESR or surge current rating are not recommended for power applications. Capacitor Table Table 1 identifies the characteristics of capacitors from a number of vendors with acceptable ESR and ripple current (rms) ratings. The recommended number of capacitors required at both the input and output buses is identified for each capacitor type. This is not an extensive capacitor list. Capacitors from other vendors are available with comparable specifications. Those listed are for guidance. The RMS ripple current rating and ESR (at 100 kHz) are critical parameters necessary to ensure both optimum regulator performance and long capacitor life. Designing for Fast Load Transients The transient response of the dc/dc converter has been characterized using a load transient with a di/dt of 2.5 A/µs. The typical voltage deviation for this load transient is given in the Electrical Characteristics table using the minimum required value of output capacitance. As the di/dt of a transient is increased, the response of a converter’s regulation circuit ultimately depends on its output capacitor decoupling network. This is an inherent limitation with any dc/dc converter once the speed of the transient exceeds its bandwidth capability. If the target application specifies a higher di/dt or lower voltage deviation, the requirement can only be met with additional low ESR ceramic capacitor decoupling. Generally, with 50% load steps at > 100 A/µs, adding multiple 10 µF ceramic capacitors, 3225 case size, plus 10 × 1 µF, including numerous high frequency ceramics (≤ 0.1 µF) are all that is required to soften the transient higher frequency edges. Special attention is essential with regards to location, types, and position of higher frequency ceramic and lower ESR bulk capacitors. DSP, FPGA and ASIC vendors identify types, location and capacitance required for optimum performance of the high frequency devices. The details regarding the PCB layout and capacitor/component placement are important at these high frequencies. Low impedance buses and unbroken PCB copper planes with components located as close to the high frequency processor are essential for optimizing transient performance. In many instances additional capacitors may be required to insure and minimize transient aberrations. 9 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 CAPACITOR APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) Table 1. Input/Output Capacitors (1) Capacitor Characteristics Capacitor Vendor, Type Series (Style) Working Value Voltage (µF) Quantity Max. ESR at 100 kHz Max Ripple Physical Current at Size (mm) 85°C (Irms) Output Bus Input Bus No TurboTrans TurboTrans (Cap Type) (2) Vendor Part No. Panasonic 25 V 1000 0.043Ω >1690 mA 16 × 15 1 ≥ 2 (3) N/R (4) EEUFC1E102S FC (Radial) 25 V 1800 0.029Ω 2205 mA 16 × 20 1 ≥ 1 (3) N/R (4) EEUFC1E182 FC(SMD) 25 V 2200 0.028Ω >2490 mA 18 × 21,5 1 ≥ 1 (3) N/R (4) EEVFC1E222N FK(SMD) 25 V 1000 0.060Ω 1100 mA 12,5×13,5 1 ≥ 2 (5) N/R (4) EEVFK1V102Q PTB(SMD) Polymer Tantalum 6.3 V 330 0.025Ω 2600 mA 7,3x 4,3x 2.8 N/R (6) ≥ 2 ~ ≤ 4 (3) C ≥ 2 (2) LXZ, Aluminum (Radial) 25 V 680 0.068Ω 1050 mA 10 × 16 1 ≥ 1 ~ ≤ 3 (3) N/R (4) PS, Poly-Aluminum(Radial) 16 V 330 0.014Ω 5060 mA 10 × 12,5 2 ≥2~≤3 B ≥ 2 (2) 16PS330MJ12 PXA, Poly-Aluminum (SMD) 16 V 330 0.014Ω 5050 mA 10 × 12,2 2 ≥2~≤3 B ≥ 2 (2) PXA16VC331MJ12TP PS, Poly-Aluminum(Radial) 6.3 V 680 0.010Ω 5500 mA 10 × 12,5 N/R (6) ≥1~≤2 C ≥ 1 (2) 6PS680MJ12 PXA, Poly-Aluminum(Radial) 6.3 V 680 0.010Ω 5500 mA 10 × 12,2 N/R (6) ≥1~≤2 C ≥ 1 (2) PXA6.3VC681MJ12TP Nichicon, Aluminum 25 V 560 0.060Ω 1060 mA 12,5 × 15 1 ≥ 2 (3) N/R (4) UPM1E561MHH6 2 (3) N/R (4) UHD1C681MHR UPM1V561MHH6 United Chemi-Con HD (Radial) 25 V 680 0.038Ω 1430 mA 10 × 16 1 ≥ PM (Radial) 35 V 560 0.048Ω 1360 mA 16 × 15 1 ≥ 2 (3) N/R (4) 4000 mA 7,3 L×4,3 W ×4,2H N/R (6) N/R (6) B ≥ 2 (2) Panasonic, Poly-Aluminum: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 10 2.0 V 390 0.005Ω 4PTB337MD6TER LXZ25VB681M10X20LL EEFSE0J391R (VO ≤ 1.6V) (7) Capacitor Supplier Verification Please verify availability of capacitors identified in this table. Capacitor suppliers may recommend alternative part numbers because of limited availability or obsolete products. In some instances, the capacitor product life cycle may be in decline and have short-term consideration for obsolescence. RoHS, Lead-free and Material Details See the capacitor suppliers regarding material composition, RoHS status, lead-free status, and manufacturing process requirements. Component designators or part number deviations can occur when material composition or soldering requirements are updated. Required capacitors with TurboTrans. See the TransTrans Application information for Capacitor Selection Capacitor Type Groups by ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) : • Type A = (100 < capacitance × ESR ≤ 1000) • Type B = (1,000 < capacitance × ESR ≤ 5,000) • Type C = (5,001 < capacitance × ESR ≤ 10,000) Total bulk nonceramic capacitors on the output bus with ESR of ≥ 15mΩ to ≤ 30mΩ requires an additional ≥ 200 µF of ceramic capacitor. Aluminum Electrolytic capacitor not recommended for the TurboTrans due to higher ESR × capacitance products. Aluminum and higher ESR capacitors can be used in conjunction with lower ESR capacitance. Output bulk capacitor's maximum ESR is ≥ 30 mΩ. Additional ceramic capacitance of ≥ 200 µF is required. N/R – Not recommended. The voltage rating does not meet the minimum operating limits. The voltage rating of this capacitor only allows it to be used for output voltage that is equal to or less than 80% of the working voltage. PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 CAPACITOR APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) Table 1. Input/Output Capacitors (continued) Capacitor Characteristics Capacitor Vendor, Type Series (Style) Working Value Voltage (µF) Max. ESR at 100 kHz Quantity Max Ripple Physical Current at Size (mm) 85°C (Irms) Output Bus Input Bus No TurboTrans TurboTrans (Cap Type) (2) C ≥ 1 (9) 4TPE680MF (VO ≤ 2.8V) (10) 2R5TPE470M7 (VO ≤ 1.8V) (10) 2R5TPD1000M5(VO ≤1.8V) (10) Vendor Part No. Sanyo TPE, Poscap (SMD) TPE Poscap(SMD) TPD Poscap (SMD) 4V 2.5 V 2.5 V 680 470 1000 0.015Ω 0.007Ω 0.005Ω 3900 mA 7,3 × 4,3 N/R (8) ≥1~≤3 4400 mA 7,3 × 4,3 N/R (8) ≥1≤2 B≥ 2 (9) 6100 mA 7,3 × 4,3 N/R (8) ≤1 B≥ 1 (9) SA, Os-Con (Radial) 16 V 1000 0.015Ω >9700 mA 16 × 26 1 ≥1~≤3 N/R (11) SP Oscon ( Radial) 10 V 470 0.015 >4500 mA 10 × 11,5 N/R (8) ≥1~≤3 C ≥ 2 (9) 10SP470M SEPC, Os-Con (Radial) 16 V 330 0.016Ω >4700 mA 10 × 12,7 2 ≥2~≤3 B ≥ 2 (9) 16SVP330M SVPA, Os-Con (SMD) 6.3 V 820 0.012Ω 4700 mA 8 × 11,9 N/R (8) ≥ 1 ~ ≤ 2 (12) C ≥ 1 (9) (12) 6SVPC820M AVX, Tantalum, Series III TPM Multianode 6.3 V 6.3 V 680 470 0.035Ω 0.018Ω >2400 mA >3800 mA 7,3 L × 4,3 W × 4,1 H N/R (8) N/R (8) ≥ 2 ~ ≤ 7 (12) ≥ 2 ~ ≤ 3 (12) N/R (11) C ≥ 2 (9) (12) TPSE477M010R0045 TPME687M006#0018 TPS Series III (SMD) 4V 1000 0.035Ω 2405 7,3 L × 5,7 W N/R (8) ≥ 2 ~ ≤ 7 (12) N/R (11) TPSV108K004R0035 (VO ≤ 2.2V) (10) Kemet, Poly-Tantalum 6.3 V 470 0.040Ω 2000 mA 4,3 W N/R (8) ≥ 2 ~ ≤ 7 (12) N/R (11) T520X337M010AS T520 (SMD) 6.3 V 330 0.015Ω >3800 mA × 7,3 L N/R (8) ≥2~≤3 B ≥ 2 (9) T530X337M010AS T530 (SMD) 4V 680 0.005Ω 7300 mA ×4H N/R (8) ≤1 B ≥ 1 (9) T530X687M004ASE005 (VO ≤ 3.5V) (10) T530 (SMD) 2.5 V 1000 0.005Ω 7300 mA 4,3 w × 7,3 L N/R (8) ≤1 B ≥ 1 (9) T530X108M2R5ASE005 (VO ≤ 2.0V) (10) 594D, Tantalum (SMD) 6.3 V 1000 0.030Ω 2890 mA 7,2L ×5,7 W ×4,1H N/R (8) ≥1~≤6 N/R (11) 594D108X06R3R2TR2T 94SA, Os-con (Radial) 16 V 1000 0.015Ω 9740 mA 16 × 25 1 ≥1~≤3 N/R (11) 94SA108X0016HBP 94SVP Os-Con(SMD) 16 V 330 0.017Ω >4500 mA 10 × 12,7 2 ≥2~≤3 C ≥ 1 (9) 94SVP827X06R3F12 Kemet, Ceramic X5R (SMD) 16 V 10 0.002Ω – 3225 1 ≥ 1 (13) A (9) C1210C106M4PAC 6.3 V 47 0.002Ω N/R (8) ≥ 1 (13) A (9) C1210C476K9PAC 0.002Ω N/R (8) ≥ 1 (13) A (9) GRM32ER60J107M N/R (8) ≥ 1 (13) A (9) GRM32ER60J476M 1 (13) A (9) GRM32ER61E226K 16SA1000M Vishay-Sprague Murata, Ceramic X5R (SMD) TDK, Ceramic X5R (SMD) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 6.3 V 100 6.3 V 47 – 3225 25 V 22 1 ≥ 16 V 10 1 ≥ 1 (13) A (9) GRM32DR61C106K 6.3 V 100 N/R (8) ≥ 1 (13) A (9) C3225X5R0J107MT 6.3 V 47 N/R (8) ≥ 1 (13) A (9) C3225X5R0J476MT 16 V 10 1 ≥ 1 (13) A (9) C3225X5R1C106MT0 16 V 22 1 ≥ 1 (13) A (9) C3225X5R1C226MT 0.002Ω – 3225 N/R – Not recommended. The voltage rating does not meet the minimum operating limits. Required capacitors with TurboTrans. See the TransTrans Application information for Capacitor Selection Capacitor Type Groups by ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) : • Type A = (100 < capacitance × ESR ≤ 1000) • Type B = (1,000 < capacitance × ESR ≤ 5,000) • Type C = (5,001 < capacitance × ESR ≤ 10,000) The voltage rating of this capacitor only allows it to be used for output voltage that is equal to or less than 80% of the working voltage. Aluminum Electrolytic capacitor not recommended for the TurboTrans due to higher ESR × capacitance products. Aluminum and higher ESR capacitors can be used in conjunction with lower ESR capacitance. Total bulk nonceramic capacitors on the output bus with ESR of ≥ 15mΩ to ≤ 30mΩ requires an additional ≥ 200 µF of ceramic capacitor. Maximum ceramic capacitance on the output bus is ≤ 3000 µF. Any combination of the ceramic capacitor values is limited to 3000 µF for non-TurboTrans applications. The total capacitance is limited to 14,000 µF which includes all ceramic and non-ceramic types. 11 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 TurboTrans™ Technology TurboTrans technology is a feature introduced in the T2 generation of the PTH/PTV family of power modules. TurboTrans optimizes the transient response of the regulator with added external capacitance using a single external resistor. The benefits of this technology include: reduced output capacitance, minimized output voltage deviation following a load transient, and enhanced stability when using ultra-low ESR output capacitors. The amount of output capacitance required to meet a target output voltage deviation is reduced with TurboTrans activated. Likewise, for a given amount of output capacitance, with TurboTrans engaged, the amplitude of the voltage deviation following a load transient is reduced. Applications requiring tight transient voltage tolerances and minimized capacitor footprint area benefit from this technology. TurboTrans™ Selection Using TurboTrans requires connecting a resistor, RTT, between the +Sense pin (pin 1) and the TurboTrans pin (pin 9). The value of the resistor directly corresponds to the amount of output capacitance added. All T2 products require a minimum value of output capacitance whether or not TurboTrans is used. For the PTV08T250W, the minimum required capacitance is 660 µF. When using TurboTrans, capacitors with a capacitance X ESR product below 10,000 µFxmΩ are required. (Multiply the capacitance (in µF) by the ESR (in mΩ) to determine the capacitance X ESR product.) See the Capacitor Selection section of the data sheet for a variety of capacitors that meet this criteria. Figure 9 through Figure 14 show the amount of output capacitance required to meet a desired transient voltage deviation with and without TurboTrans for several capacitor types; Type A (e.g. ceramic), Type B (e.g. polymer-tantalum), and Type C (e.g. OS-CON). To calculate the proper value of RTT, first determine the required transient voltage deviation limits and magnitude of the transient load step. Next, determine the type of output capacitors to be used. (If more than one type of output capacitor is used, select the capacitor type that makes up the majority of the total output capacitance.) Knowing this information, use the chart in Figure 9, through Figure 14, that corresponds to the capacitor type selected. To use the chart, begin by dividing the maximum voltage deviation limit (in mV) by the magnitude of the load step (in Amps). This gives a mV/A value. Find this value on the Y-axis of the appropriate chart. Read across the graph to the With TurboTrans plot. From this point, read down to the X-axis which lists the minimum required capacitance, CO, to meet the transient voltage deviation. The required RTT resistor value can then be calculated using Equation 1 or selected from the TurboTrans table. The TurboTrans tables include both the required output capacitance and the corresponding RTT values to meet several values of transient voltage deviation for 25% (12.5 A), 50% (25 A), and 75% (37.5 A) output load steps. The chart can also be used to determine the achievable transient voltage deviation for a given amount of output capacitance. Selecting the amount of output capacitance along the X-axis, reading up to the With TurboTrans curve, and then over to the Y-axis, gives the transient voltage deviation limit for that value of output capacitance. The required RTT resistor value can be calculated using Equation 1 or selected from the TurboTrans table. As an example, look at a 12-V input application requiring a 75 mV deviation during a 25 A, 50% load transient. A majority of 330 µF, 10 mΩ (C X ESR = 3300 µFxmΩ) output capacitors are used. Use the 12 V, Type B capacitor chart, Figure 11. Dividing 75 mV by 25 A gives 3 mV/A transient voltage deviation per amp of transient load step. Select 3 mV/A on the Y-axis and read across to the With TurboTrans plot. Following this point down to the X-axis gives us a minimum required output capacitance of approximately 2000 µF. The required RTT resistor value for 2000 µF can then be calculated or selected from Table 1. The required RTT resistor is approximately 7.5 kΩ. To see the benefit of TurboTrans, follow the 3 mV/A marking across to the Without TurboTrans plot. Following that point down shows that a minimum of 5800 µF of output capacitance is required to meet the same deviation limit. This is the benefit of TurboTrans. A typical TurboTrans application schematic and TurboTrans waveforms are shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16. 12 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Type A Capacitor 12 V Input 6 10 9 8 7 5 6 Without TurboTrans 4 Transient - mV/A With TurboTrans 3 2 Without TurboTrans 5 With TurboTrans 4 3 2 VI = 8 V VI = 12 V 1 C - Capacitance - mF 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 4000 3000 600 700 800 900 1000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 4000 3000 2000 600 700 800 900 1000 1 2000 Transient - mV/A 8 7 Type A Capacitor 8 V Input C - Capacitance - mF Figure 9. Cap Type A, 100 ≤ C(µF)xESR(mΩ) ≤ 1000, (e.g. Ceramic) Figure 10. Cap Type A, 100 ≤ C(µF)ESR(mΩ) ≤ 1000, (e.g. Ceramic) Table 2. Type A TurboTrans CO Values & Required RTT Selection Table Transient Voltage Deviation (mV) 12 V Input 8 V Input 25% load step (12.5 A) 50% load step (25 A) 75% load step (37.5 A) CO Minimum Required Output Capacitance (µF) RTT Required TurboTrans Resistor (Ω) CO Minimum Required Output Capacitance (µF) RTT Required TurboTrans Resistor (Ω) 100 200 300 700 90 180 270 820 499 k 950 66.5 k 130 k 1100 42.2 k 80 160 240 70 140 210 960 63.4 k 1250 27.4 k 1200 34.8 k 1500 60 120 180 17.4 k 1450 19.6 k 1800 10.5 k 50 100 40 80 150 1850 9.76 k 2300 4.99 k 120 2600 3.32 k 3100 35 866 70 105 3100 845 3800 0 30 60 90 6400 0 7700 0 RTT Resistor Selection The TurboTrans resistor value, RTT can be determined from the TurboTrans programming equation, see Equation 1: 1 - (CO / 3300) RTT = 40 ´ kW 5 x (CO / 3300) - 1 (1) Where CO is the total output capacitance in µF. CO values greater than or equal to 3300 µF require RTT to be a short, 0Ω. 13 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Type B Capacitor 12 V Input Type B Capacitor 8 V Input 8 7 8 7 6 6 Without TurboTrans 5 5 4 Transient - mV/A 3 With TurboTrans 2 4 With TurboTrans 3 2 VI = 12 V VI = 8 V C - Capacitance - mF 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 4000 3000 600 700 800 900 1000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 3000 2000 4000 1 600 700 800 900 1000 1 2000 Transient - mV/A Without TurboTrans C - Capacitance - mF Figure 11. Cap Type B, 1000 ≤ C(µF)xESR(mΩ) ≤ 5000, (e.g. Polymer-Tantalum) Figure 12. Cap Type B, 1000 ≤ C(µF)xESR(mΩ) ≤ 5000, (e.g. Polymer-Tantalum) Table 3. Type B TurboTrans CO Values & Required RTT Selection Table Transient Voltage Deviation (mV) 12 V Input 8 V Input 25% load step (12.5 A) 50% load step (25 A) 75% load step (37.5 A) CO Minimum Required Output Capacitance (µF) RTT Required TurboTrans Resistor (Ω) CO Minimum Required Output Capacitance (µF) RTT Required TurboTrans Resistor (Ω) 90 180 270 660 open 660 open 80 160 240 660 open 820 133 k 70 140 210 660 open 1000 56.2 60 120 180 880 95.3 k 1250 28.0 k 50 100 150 1200 30.9 k 1650 13.7 k 40 80 120 1800 10.5 k 2300 5.11 k 35 70 105 2300 4.99 k 2800 1.96 k 30 60 90 3050 909 3900 0 25 50 75 6900 0 9900 0 RTT Resistor Selection The TurboTrans resistor value, RTT can be determined from the TurboTrans programming equation, see Equation 2: 1 - (CO / 3300) RTT = 40 ´ kW 5 x (CO / 3300) - 1 (2) Where CO is the total output capacitance in µF. CO values greater than or equal to 3300 µF require RTT to be a short, 0Ω. 14 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Type C Capacitor 12 V Input Type C Capacitor 8 V Input 8 7 8 7 6 6 Without TurboTrans 5 5 4 Transient - mV/A 3 With TurboTrans 2 4 With TurboTrans 3 2 VI = 12 V VI = 8 V C - Capacitance - mF 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 4000 3000 600 700 800 900 1000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 3000 2000 4000 1 600 700 800 900 1000 1 2000 Transient - mV/A Without TurboTrans C - Capacitance - mF Figure 13. Cap Type C, 5000 ≤ C(µF)xESR(mΩ) ≤ 10,000, (e.g. Os-Con) Figure 14. Cap Type C, 5000 ≤ C(µF)xESR(mΩ) ≤ 10,000, (e.g. Os-Con) Table 4. Type C TurboTrans CO Values & Required RTT Selection Table Transient Voltage Deviation (mV) 12 V Input 8 V Input 25% load step (12.5 A) 50% load step (25 A) 75% load step (37.5 A) CO Minimum Required Output Capacitance (µF) RTT Required TurboTrans Resistor (Ω) CO Minimum Required Output Capacitance (µF) RTT Required TurboTrans Resistor (Ω) 80 160 240 660 open 750 232 k 70 140 210 660 open 950 64.9 k 60 120 180 750 226 k 1200 31.6 k 50 100 150 1000 54.9 k 1600 14.7 k 40 80 120 1450 18.7 k 2300 4.87 k 35 70 105 1800 10.5 k 2800 1.87 k 30 60 90 2350 4.53 k 3900 0 25 50 75 3200 316 10800 0 RTT Resistor Selection The TurboTrans resistor value, RTT can be determined from the TurboTrans programming equation, see Equation 3: 1 - (CO / 3300) RTT = 40 ´ kW 5 x (CO / 3300) - 1 (3) Where CO is the total output capacitance in µF. CO values greater than or equal to 3300 µF require RTT to be a short, 0Ω. 15 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 TurboTrans 15 AutoTrack TurboTrans +Sense 1 3 6,7 VI 13,14 20,21 VI RTT 5.76 k 9 PTH08T250W 16 Inhibit / Prog UVLO VO -Sense GND 12 18 19 GND 4 5 11 + Sense VO 10 17 2 V OAdj 8 CI L O A D COTT 560 mF (Required) RSET 1% 0.05 W 2200 mF -Sense GND GND Figure 15. Typical TurboTrans Application Schematic VTR = 100 mV/div CO = 2200 mF No Turbo Trans RTT = open CO = 2200 mF W/ Turbo Trans RTT = 5.76 kW Transient Load Step = 25 A t = 100 ms/div Figure 16. Typical TurboTrans Waveforms 16 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 ADJUSTING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF THE PTV08T250W WIDE-OUTPUT ADJUST POWER MODULE The VO Adjust control (pin 8) sets the output voltage of the PTV08T250W product. The adjustment range is from 0.8 V to 3.6 V. The adjustment method requires the addition of a single external resistor, RSET, that must be connected directly between the VO Adjust and GND pins. Table 5 gives the preferred value of the external resistor for a number of standard voltages, along with the actual output voltage that this resistance value provides. For other output voltages, the value of the required resistor can either be calculated using Equation 4, or by selecting from the range of values given in Table 6. Figure 17 shows the placement of the required resistor. RSET = 30.1 x 0.8 ( VO - 0.8) - 7.135 kW (4) Table 5. Standard Values of RSET for Common Output Voltages PTV08T250W VO (Required) RSET VO (Actual) 3.3 V 2.49 kΩ 3.303 V 2.5 V 6.98 kΩ 2.5 V 2.0 V 13.0 kΩ 1.997 V 1.8 V 16.9 kΩ 1.796 V 1.5 V 27.4 kΩ 1.498 V 1.2 V 53.6 kΩ 1.202 V 1.0 V 113 kΩ 1V 0.8 V Open 0.8 V +Sense +Sense 1 3 PTV08T250W VO -Sense GND GND 12 18 19 4 5 11 VO 10 17 2 VOAdj 8 CO1 RSET 1% 0.05 W CO2 -Sense GND Figure 17. VO Adjust Resistor Placement • • A 0.05-W rated resistor may be used. The tolerance should be 1%, and the temperature stability, 100 ppm/°C (or better). Place the resistor as close to the regulator as possible. Connect the resistor directly between pin 8 and nearest GND pin (pin 11) using dedicated PCB traces. Never connect capacitors from VO Adjust to either GND or VO. Any capacitance added to the VO Adjust pin affects the stability of the regulator. 17 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Table 6. Output Voltage Set-Point Resistor Values VO RSET VO RSET VO RSET 0.8 Open 1.375 34.8 kΩ 2.4 7.87 kΩ 0.825 953 kΩ 1.4 33.2 kΩ 2.45 7.50 kΩ 0.85 475 kΩ 1.425 31.6 kΩ 2.5 6.98 kΩ 0.875 316 kΩ 1.45 30.1 kΩ 2.55 6.65 kΩ 0.9 232 kΩ 1.475 28.7 kΩ 2.6 6.19 kΩ 0.925 187 kΩ 1.5 27.4 kΩ 2.65 5.90 kΩ 0.95 154 kΩ 1.55 24.9 kΩ 2.7 5.49 kΩ 0.975 130 kΩ 1.6 22.6 kΩ 2.75 5.23 kΩ 1 113 kΩ 1.65 21.0 kΩ 2.8 4.87 kΩ 1.025 100 kΩ 1.7 19.6 kΩ 2.85 4.64 kΩ 1.05 88.7 kΩ 1.75 18.2 kΩ 2.9 4.32 kΩ 1.075 80.6 kΩ 1.8 16.9 kΩ 2.95 4.02 kΩ 1.1 73.2 kΩ 1.85 15.8 kΩ 3 3.83 kΩ 1.125 66.5 kΩ 1.9 14.7 kΩ 3.05 3.57 kΩ 1.15 61.9 kΩ 1.95 13.7 kΩ 3.1 3.32 kΩ 1.175 57.6 kΩ 2 13.0 kΩ 3.15 3.09 kΩ 1.2 53.6 kΩ 2.05 12.1 kΩ 3.2 2.87 kΩ 1.225 49.9 kΩ 2.1 11.3 kΩ 3.25 2.67 kΩ 1.25 46.4 kΩ 2.15 10.7 kΩ 3.3 2.49 kΩ 1.275 43.2 kΩ 2.2 10.0 kΩ 3.35 2.32 kΩ 1.3 41.2 kΩ 2.25 9.53 kΩ 3.4 2.10 kΩ 1.325 38.3 kΩ 2.3 8.87 kΩ 3.5 1.78 kΩ 1.35 36.5 kΩ 2.35 8.45 kΩ 3.6 1.47 kΩ ADJUSTING THE UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO) OF THE PTV08T250W POWER MODULES The PTV08T250W power modules incorporate an input undervoltage lockout (UVLO). The UVLO feature prevents the operation of the module until there is sufficient input voltage to produce a valid output voltage. This enables the module to provide a clean, monotonic powerup for the load circuit, and also limits the magnitude of current drawn from the regulator’s input source during the power-up sequence. The UVLO characteristic is defined by the ON threshold (VTHD) and hysterisis (VHYS) voltages. Below the ON threshold, the Inhibit control is overridden, and the module does not produce an output. The hysterisis voltage is the difference between the ON and OFF threshold voltages. It ensures a clean power-up, even when the input voltage is rising slowly. The hysterisis prevents start-up oscillations, which can occur if the input voltage droops slightly when the module begins drawing current from the input source. UVLO Adjustment The UVLO feature of the PTV08T250W module allows for limited adjustment of both the on threshold and hysterisis voltages. The adjustment is made via the UVLO Prog control pin. When the UVLO Prog pin is left open circuit, the ON threshold and hysterisis voltages are internally set to their default values. The ON threshold has a nominal voltage of 7.5 V, and the hysterisis 1 V. This ensures that the module produces a regulated output when the minimum input voltage is applied (see specifications). The combination correlates to an OFF threshold of approximately 6.5 V. The adjustments are limited. The ON threshold can only be adjusted higher, and the hysterisis voltage can only be reduced in magnitude. The ON threshold might need to be raised if the module is powered from a tightly regulated 12-V bus. This prevents it from operating if the input bus fails to completely rise to its specified regulation voltage. The hysterisis should not be changed unless absolutely necessary. The hysterisis ensures that the module exhibits a clean startup. Therefore, adjustment of the hysterisis should only be considered if there is a system requirement to specifically set the off threshold voltage (in addition to the on threshold). Depending on the load regulation of the input source, the hysterisis should not be adjusted below 0.5 V without careful consideration. 18 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Adjustment Method The resistors, RTHD and RHYS (see Figure 18), provide the adjustment of the on-threshold and hysterisis voltages. RTHD connects between the UVLO Prog control pin and GND, and RHYS is connected between the UVLO Prog and VI. RTHD alone is used to adjust the on-threshold voltage higher. However, to adjust the hystersis to a lower value requires both the RHYS and RTHD resistors to be placed in the circuit. The recommended adjustment method requires that any change to the hysterisis be determined first. If the hysterisis is changed, then a value for RTHD must also be calculated. This is irrespective of whether a change is required to the value of VTHD. If there is no change to VHYS, then a resistor should not be placed in the RHYS location. RHYS should then be assigned an infinite value for calculating the value of RTHD. 6, 7 VI 13, 14 20, 21 RHYS VI PTV08T250W 16 Inhibit/ UVLO Prog GND 4 CI 5 11 RTHD GND Figure 18. UVLO Program Resistor Placement Hysterisis Adjust The hysterisis voltage, VHYS, is the difference between the ON and OFF threshold values. The default value is 1 V and it can only be adjusted to a lower value. CAUTION: Caution should be used when changing the hysterisis voltage to a lower value, as it could induce start-up oscillations. Any change in the hysterisis voltage requires both RHYS and RTHD resistors be in place. Adding RHYS alone does not have the desired effect. The value for RHYS must first be calculated using Equation 5, and then be used to determine a value for RTHD, using Equation 6. R HYS = 2 6 .1 ´ V H Y S kΩ 0 .3 6 5 ´ (1 - V H Y S ) (5) Threshold Adjust Equation 6 determines the value of RTHD required to adjust VTHD to a new value. The default value is 7.5 V, and it may only be adjusted to a higher value. If the hysterisis value has been adjusted, then a value for RTHD must also be calculated. (This is irrespective of whether VTHD is being adjusted.) If there has been no adjustment for the hystersis voltage, the term 1/RHYS in Equation 6, may be assigned the value, 0. R THD = 39.2 kΩ 39.2[(1/R HYS + 0.014)(VTHD /2.5 - 1) - 0.0027] - 1 (6) Calculated Values Table 7 shows a matrix of standard resistor values for RHYS and RTHD, for different options of the on-threshold (VTHD) and hysterisis (VHYS) voltages. For most applications, only the on-threshold voltage should need to be adjusted. In this case select only a value for RTHD from far right-hand column. 19 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 The hysterisis should only be adjusted if there is a specific requirement to independently adjust the off-threshold, separately from the on-threshold voltage. In this case, a value for both RHYS and RTHD must be selected from Table 7. This is irrespective of whether the on-threshold voltage is being adjusted. Table 7. Calculated Values of RHYS and RTHD, for Various Values of VHYS and VTHD VTHD VHYS 0.5 V RHYS 0.6 V 0.7 V 0.8 V 0.9 V 1V (default) 71.5 kΩ 107 kΩ 165 kΩ 287 kΩ 649 kΩ N/A 8V 30.1 kΩ 43.2 kΩ 63.4 kΩ 97.6 kΩ 169 kΩ 402 kΩ 8.5 V 25.5 kΩ 36.5 kΩ 51.1 kΩ 73.2 kΩ 110 kΩ 187 kΩ 9V 23.2 kΩ 30.9 kΩ 42.2 kΩ 57.6 kΩ 82.5 kΩ 124 kΩ 9.5 V 20 kΩ 27.4 kΩ 36.5 kΩ 48.7 kΩ 64.9 kΩ 90.9 kΩ 18.2 kΩ 24.3 kΩ 31.6 kΩ 41.2 kΩ 54.9 kΩ 73.2 kΩ 10.5 V 16.2 kΩ 21.5 kΩ 28 kΩ 36.5 kΩ 46.4 kΩ 60.4 kΩ 10 V RTHD 11 V 15 kΩ 19.6 kΩ 25.5 kΩ 32.4 kΩ 41.2 kΩ 52.3 kΩ 11.5 V 14 kΩ 18.2 kΩ 23.2 kΩ 28 kΩ 36.5 kΩ 45.3 kΩ 12 V 12.7 kΩ 16.5 kΩ 21 kΩ 26.1 kΩ 32.4 kΩ 40.2 kΩ FEATURES OF THE PTH/PTV FAMILY OF NONISOLATED WIDE OUTPUT ADJUST POWER MODULES Soft-Start Power Up The Auto-Track feature allows the power-up of multiple PTH/PTV modules to be directly controlled from the Track pin. However in a stand-alone configuration, or when the Auto-Track feature is not being used, the Track pin should be directly connected to the input voltage, VI (see Figure 19). 15 Track 6, 7 VI 13, 14 20, 21 CI VI PTV08T250W GND 4 5 11 GND Figure 19. Soft-Start Power-Up Application Circuit When the Track pin is connected to the input voltage the Auto-Track function is permanently disengaged. This allows the module to power up entirely under the control of its internal soft-start circuitry. When power up is under soft-start control, the output voltage rises to the set-point at a monotonic and quicker rate. From the moment a valid input voltage is applied, the soft-start control introduces a short time delay (typically 8 ms–15 ms) before allowing the output voltage to rise. 20 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 VI (5 V/div) VO (1 V/div) II (2 A/div) t - Time = 4 ms/div Figure 20. Power-Up Waveform The output then progressively rises to the module’s setpoint voltage. Figure 20 shows the soft-start power-up characteristic of the PTV08T250W operating from a 12-V input bus and configured for a 3.3-V output. The waveforms were measured with a 20-A constant current load and the Auto-Track feature disabled. The initial rise in input current when the input voltage first starts to rise is the charge current drawn by the input capacitors. Power-up is complete within 25 ms. Overcurrent Protection For protection against load faults, all modules incorporate output overcurrent protection. Applying a load that exceeds the regulator’s overcurrent threshold causes the regulated output to shut down. Following shutdown, a module periodically attempts to recover by initiating a soft-start power-up. This is described as a hiccup mode of operation, whereby the module continues in a cycle of successive shutdown and power up until the load fault is removed. During this period, the average current flowing into the fault is significantly reduced. Once the fault is removed, the module automatically recovers and returns to normal operation. Overtemperature Protection (OTP) A thermal shutdown mechanism protects the module’s internal circuitry against excessively high temperatures. A rise in the internal temperature may be the result of a drop in airflow, or a high ambient temperature. If the internal temperature exceeds the OTP threshold, the module’s Inhibit control is internally pulled low. This turns the output off. The output voltage drops as the external output capacitors are discharged by the load circuit. The recovery is automatic, and begins with a soft-start power up. It occurs when the sensed temperature decreases by about 10°C below the trip point. The overtemperature protection is a last resort mechanism to prevent thermal stress to the regulator. Operation at or close to the thermal shutdown temperature is not recommended and reduces the long-term reliability of the module. Always operate the regulator within the specified safe operating area (SOA) limits for the worst-case conditions of ambient temperature and airflow. Output On/Off Inhibit For applications requiring output voltage on/off control, the PTV08T250W incorporates an output Inhibit control pin. The inhibit feature can be used wherever there is a requirement for the output voltage from the regulator to be turned off. The power modules function normally when the Inhibit pin is left open-circuit, providing a regulated output whenever a valid source voltage is connected to VI with respect to GND. 21 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Figure 21 shows the typical application of the inhibit function. Note the discrete transistor (Q1). The Inhibit input has its own internal pull-up to a potential of 5 V. The input is not compatible with TTL logic devices and should not be tied to VI. An open-collector (or open-drain) discrete transistor is recommended for control. 6, 7 VI 13, 14 20, 21 VI CI PTV08T250W 16 Inhibit/ UVLO GND 4 1 = Inhibit 5 11 Q1 BSS138 GND Figure 21. On/Off Inhibit Control Circuit Turning Q1 on applies a low voltage to the Inhibit control pin and disables the output of the module. If Q1 is then turned off, the module executes a soft-start power-up sequence. A regulated output voltage is produced within 25 ms. Figure 22 shows the typical rise in both the output voltage and input current, following the turn-off of Q1. The turn off of Q1 corresponds to the rise in the waveform, Q1 VDS. The waveforms were measured with a 20-A constant current load. VINH (2 V/div) VO (1 V/div) II (2 A/div) t - Time = 2 ms/div Figure 22. Power-Up Response from Inhibit Control 22 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Remote Sense Products with this feature incorporate one or two remote sense pins. Remote sensing improves the load regulation performance of the module by allowing it to compensate for any IR voltage drop between its output and the load. An IR drop is caused by the high output current flowing through the small amount of pin and trace resistance. To use this feature simply connect the Sense pins to the corresponding output voltage node, close to the load circuit. If a sense pin is left open-circuit, an internal low-value resistor (15-Ω or less) connected between the pin and the output node, ensures the output remains in regulation. With the sense pin connected, the difference between the voltage measured directly between the VO and GND pins, and that measured at the Sense pins, is the amount of IR drop being compensated by the regulator. This should be limited to a maximum of 0.3 V. The remote sense feature is not designed to compensate for the forward drop of nonlinear or frequency dependent components that may be placed in series with the converter output. Examples include OR-ing diodes, filter inductors, ferrite beads, and fuses. When these components are enclosed by the remote sense connection they are effectively placed inside the regulation control loop, which can adversely affect the stability of the regulator. 23 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Auto-Track™ Function The Auto-Track function is unique to the PTH/PTV family, and is available with all POLA products. Auto-Track was designed to simplify the amount of circuitry required to make the output voltage from each module power up and power down in sequence. The sequencing of two or more supply voltages during power up is a common requirement for complex mixed-signal applications that use dual-voltage VLSI ICs such as the TMS320™ DSP family, microprocessors, and ASICs. How Auto-Track™ Works Auto-Track works by forcing the module output voltage to follow a voltage presented at the Track control pin (1). This control range is limited to between 0 V and the module set-point voltage. Once the track-pin voltage is raised above the set-point voltage, the module output remains at its set-point (2). As an example, if the Track pin of a 2.5-V regulator is at 1 V, the regulated output is 1 V. If the voltage at the Track pin rises to 3 V, the regulated output does not go higher than 2.5 V. When under Auto-Track control, the regulated output from the module follows the voltage at its Track pin on a volt-for-volt basis. By connecting the Track pin of a number of these modules together, the output voltages follow a common signal during power up and power down. The control signal can be an externally generated master ramp waveform, or the output voltage from another power supply circuit (3). For convenience, the Track input incorporates an internal RC-charge circuit. This operates off the module input voltage to produce a suitable rising waveform at power up. Typical Application The basic implementation of Auto-Track allows for simultaneous voltage sequencing of a number of Auto-Track compliant modules. Connecting the Track inputs of two or more modules forces their track input to follow the same collective RC-ramp waveform, and allows their power-up sequence to be coordinated from a common Track control signal. This can be an open-collector (or open-drain) device, such as a power-up reset voltage supervisor IC. See U3 in Figure 23. To coordinate a power-up sequence, the Track control must first be pulled to ground potential. This should be done at or before input power is applied to the modules. The ground signal should be maintained for at least 20 ms after input power has been applied. This brief period gives the modules time to complete their internal soft-start initialization (4), enabling them to produce an output voltage. A low-cost supply voltage supervisor IC, that includes a built-in time delay, is an ideal component for automatically controlling the Track inputs at power up. Figure 23 shows how the TL7712A supply voltage supervisor IC (U3) can be used to coordinate the sequenced power up of PTV08T250W modules. The output of the TL7712A supervisor becomes active above an input voltage of 3.6 V, enabling it to assert a ground signal to the common track control well before the input voltage has reached the module's undervoltage lockout threshold. The ground signal is maintained until approximately 28 ms after the input voltage has risen above U3's voltage threshold, which is 10.95 V. The 28-ms time period is controlled by the capacitor C3. The value of 2.2 µF provides sufficient time delay for the modules to complete their internal soft-start initialization. The output voltage of each module remains at zero until the track control voltage is allowed to rise. When U3 removes the ground signal, the track control voltage automatically rises. This causes the output voltage of each module to rise simultaneously with the other modules, until each reaches its respective set-point voltage. Figure 24 shows the output voltage waveforms after input voltage is applied to the circuit. The waveforms, VO1 and VO2, represent the output voltages from the two power modules, U1 (3.3 V) and U2 (1.8 V), respectively. VTRK, VO1, and VO2 are shown rising together to produce the desired simultaneous power-up characteristic. The same circuit also provides a power-down sequence. When the input voltage falls below U3's voltage threshold, the ground signal is re-applied to the common track control. This pulls the track inputs to zero volts, forcing the output of each module to follow, as shown in Figure 25. Power down is normally complete before the input voltage has fallen below the modules' undervoltage lockout. This is an important constraint. Once the modules recognize that an input voltage is no longer present, their outputs can no longer follow the voltage applied at their track input. During a power-down sequence, the fall in the output voltage from the modules is limited by the Auto-Track slew rate capability. 24 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 Notes on Use of Auto-Track™ 1. The Track pin voltage must be allowed to rise above the module set-point voltage before the module regulates at its adjusted set-point voltage. 2. The Auto-Track function tracks almost any voltage ramp during power up, and is compatible with ramp speeds of up to 1 V/ms. 3. The absolute maximum voltage that may be applied to the Track pin is the input voltage VI. 4. The module cannot follow a voltage at its track control input until it has completed its soft-start initialization. This takes about 20 ms from the time that a valid voltage has been applied to its input. During this period, it is recommended that the Track pin be held at ground potential. 5. The Auto-Track function is disabled by connecting the Track pin to the input voltage (VI). When Auto-Track is disabled, the output voltage rises at a quicker and more linear rate after input power has been applied. RTT U1 Track TurboTrans + Sense VI = 12 V VI VO PTV08T250W VO1 = 3.3 V Inhibit/ UVLO Prog − Sense VOAdj GND CO1 + CI1 U3 7 2 1 3 RSET 8 2.49 kW VCC SENSE 5 RESET RESIN TL7712A REF 6 RESET CT U2 NC GND 4 CREF CT 0.1 mF 2.2 mF Track + Sense RRST 10 W VI VO PTV08040W Inhibit/ UVLO Prog VO2 = 1.8 V − Sense GND VOAdj + CO2 CI2 RSET2 16.9 kW Figure 23. Sequenced Power Up and Power Down Using Auto-Track 25 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 VTRK (1 V/div) VTRK (1 V/div) VO1 (1 V/div) VO1 (1 V/div) VO2 (1 V/div) VO2 (1 V/div) t - Time = 20 ms/div Figure 24. Simultaneous Power Up With Auto-Track Control t - Time = 400 ms/div Figure 25. Simultaneous Power Down With Auto-Track Control Prebias Startup Capability A prebias startup condition occurs as a result of an external voltage being present at the output of a power module prior to its output becoming active. This often occurs in complex digital systems when current from another power source is backfed through a dual-supply logic component, such as an FPGA or ASIC. Another path might be via clamp diodes, sometimes used as part of a dual-supply power-up sequencing arrangement. A prebias can cause problems with power modules that incorporate synchronous rectifiers. This is because under most operating conditions, such modules can sink as well as source output current. PTH modules all incorporate synchronous rectifiers. Those that incorporate the prebias feature do not sink current during startup, or whenever the Inhibit pin is held low. Start up includes an initial delay (approximately 8–15 ms), followed by the rise of the output voltage under the control of the module’s internal soft-start mechanism; see Figure 26. Conditions for PreBias Holdoff For the module to allow an output prebias voltage to exist (and not sink current), certain conditions must be maintained. The module holds off a prebias voltage when the Inhibit pin is held low, and whenever the output is allowed to rise under soft-start control. Power up under soft-start control occurs upon the removal of the ground signal to the Inhibit pin (with input voltage applied), or when input power is applied with Auto-Track disabled (see Figure 26). To further ensure that the regulator doesn’t sink output current, (even with a ground signal applied to its Inhibit), the input voltage must always be greater than the applied prebias source. This condition must exist throughout the power-up sequence. The soft-start period is complete when the output begins rising above the prebias voltage. Once it is complete the module functions as normal, and sinks current if a voltage higher than the nominal regulation value is applied to its output. Note: If a prebias condition is not present, the soft-start period is complete when the output voltage has risen to either the set-point voltage, or the voltage applied at the module’s Track control pin, whichever is lowest. Demonstration Circuit Figure 27 shows the startup waveforms for the demonstration circuit shown in Figure 28. The initial rise in VO2 is the prebias voltage, which is passed from the VCCIO to the VCORE voltage rail through the ASIC. Note that the output current from the PTH12010L module (IO2) is negligible until its output voltage rises above the applied pre-bias. 26 PTV08T250W www.ti.com SLTS260B – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2005 UVLO Threshold VI (5 V/Div) VO1 (1 V/Div) VO (1 V/Div) VO2 (1 V/Div) IO2 (5 A/Div) Startup Period HORIZTAL SCALE: 10 ms/Div HORIZTAL SCALE: 5 ms/Div Figure 26. PTH08040W Startup Figure 27. Prebias Startup Waveforms Note 1. The prebias start-up feature is not compatible with Auto-Track. If the rise in the output is limited by the voltage applied to the Track control pin, the output sinks current during the period that the track control voltage is below that of the back-feeding source. For this reason, it is recommended that Auto-Track be disabled when not being used. This is accomplished by connecting the Track pin to the input voltage, VI. This raises the Track pin voltage well above the set-point voltage prior to the module’s start up, thereby defeating the Auto-Track feature. 10 9 8 5 Up Dn Tra ck VI = 12 V 2 VI GND 7 1 + C1 330 mF 10 9 Inhibit 3 TL7702B 8 VCC 7 SENSE 2 RESET C5 0.1 mF VO 6 VO2 = 1.8 V + Vadj 4 IO2 RESET 6 CT GND 4 C6 0.68 mF + C3 330 mF VC CI O VC ORE RESIN REF R4 100 kW C2 330 mF 5 Sense PTH12010L GND 1 7 + R2 130 W 5 1 3 VI VO1 = 3.3 V 6 Adjust 4 R1 2 kW 8 Tra ck 2 VO PTH12020W Inhibit 3 R3 11 kW Sense + C4 330 mF ASIC R5 10 kW Figure 28. Application Circuit Demonstrating Prebias Startup 27 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 9-Oct-2007 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty PTV08T250WAD ACTIVE DIP MOD ULE EAN 21 21 Pb-Free (RoHS) Call TI N / A for Pkg Type PTV08T250WAH ACTIVE DIP MOD ULE EAN 21 21 TBD Call TI N / A for Pkg Type Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. 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