ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 11.3 Gbps Limiting Transimpedance Amplifier With RSSI FEATURES APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • 1 • • • • • • • • 10 GHz Bandwidth 4.5 kΩ Differential Small Signal Transimpedance 2.5 mAp-p Input Overload Current Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) 100 mW Typical Power Dissipation CML Data Outputs With On-Chip 50 Ω Back-Termination On Chip Supply Filter Capacitor Single 3.3 V Supply Die Size: 945 × 1200 µm Case temperature operation: –40°C to 100°C SONET OC-192 SFP+ Optical Receivers 10× Fibre Channel Optical Receivers 10G Ethernet Receivers PIN Preamplifier-Receivers APD Preamplifier Receivers DESCRIPTION The ONET8531T is a high-speed and high-gain limiting-transimpedance amplifier, used in optical receivers with data rates up to 12.5 Gbps. It features low input referred noise, 10 GHz bandwidth, 4.5 kΩ small signal transimpedance, and a received signal strength indicator (RSSI). The ONET8531T is available in die form, includes an on-chip VCC bypass capacitor and is optimized for packaging in a TO can. The ONET8531T requires a single +3.3V ± 10% supply and its power efficient design typically dissipates less than 105 mW. The device is characterized for operation from –40°C to 100°C case (IC back side) temperature. 1 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 1 shows an ONET8531T block diagram. The ONET8531T consists of the signal path, supply filters, a control block for DC input bias, automatic gain control (AGC), and a received signal strength indicator (RSSI). The RSSI provides the bias for the TIA stage and the control for the AGC. The signal path consists of a transimpedance amplifier stage, a voltage amplifier, and a CML output buffer. The on-chip filter circuit provides a filtered VCC for the PIN photodiode and for the transimpedance amplifier. The DC input bias circuit and automatic gain control use internal low pass filters to cancel the DC current on the input and to adjust the transimpedance amplifier gain. Additionally, the chip provides circuitry to monitor the received signal strength. VCC_OUT To Voltage Amplifier and Output Buffer To TIA VCC_IN GND 220 W FILTER1/2 RSSI_IB AGC and DC Offset Cancellation RF OUT+ IN OUTTIA Voltage Amplifier CML Output Buffer RSSI_EB Figure 1. ONET8531T Block Diagram 2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 BOND PAD ASSIGNMENT GND GND GND GND GND GND The ONET8531T is available in die form. The locations of the bond pads are shown in Figure 2. 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 GND 1 12 OUT- VCC_OUT 2 11 NC 10 RSSI_EB 9 RSSI_IB 8531T OUT+ 4 5 6 7 8 FILTER1 IN FILTER2 GND 3 GND VCC_IN Figure 2. ONET8531T Bond Pad Assignment TERMINAL FUNCTIONS TERMINAL TYPE DESCRIPTION 5, 7 Analog Bias voltage for photodiode cathode. These pads are internally connected to an 220 Ω resistor to VCC and a filter capacitor to ground (GND). 4, 8, 13–19 Supply Circuit ground. All GND pads are connected on die. Bonding all pads is optional; however for optimum performance a good ground connection is mandatory. IN 6 Analog input Data input to TIA (photodiode anode). OUT+ 1 Analog output Non-inverted CML data output. On-chip 50 Ω back-terminated to VCC. OUT– 12 Analog output Inverted CML data output. On-chip 50 Ω back-terminated to VCC. RSSI_EB 10 Analog output Optional use when operated with external PD bias (for example, APD). Analog output current proportional to the input data amplitude. Indicates the strength of the received signal (RSSI). Connected to an external resistor to ground (GND). For proper operation, ensure that the voltage at the RSSI pad does not exceed VCC–0.65 V. If the RSSI feature is not used, this pad should be left open. RSSI_IB 9 Analog output Analog output current proportional to the input data amplitude. Indicates the strength of the received signal (RSSI) if the photo diode is biased from the TIA. Connected to an external resistor to ground (GND). For proper operation, ensure that the voltage at the RSSI pad does not exceed VCC–0.65 V. If the RSSI feature is not used, this pad should be left open. VCC_IN 3 Supply 2.97 V to 3.63 V supply voltage for input TIA stage. VCC_OUT 2 Supply 2.97 V to 3.63 V supply voltage for the voltage and CML amplifiers. NAME NO. FILTER GND Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T 3 ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) PARAMETER VALUE UNIT VCC_IN, VCC_OUT Supply voltage (2) –0.3 to 4.0 V VFILTER1, VFILTER2, VOUT+, VOUT–, VRSSI_IB, VRSSI_EB Voltage at FILTER1, FILTER2, OUT+, OUT–, RSSI_IB, RSSI_EB (2) –0.3 to 4.0 V IIN Current into IN –0.7 to 3.5 mA IFILTER Current into FILTER1, FILTER2 –8 to 8 mA IOUT+, IOUT– Continuous current at outputs –8 to 8 mA 2 kV (HBM) (3) ESD rating at all pins except input IN, RSSI_IB and RSSI_EB ESD ESD rating at RSSI_IB and RSSI_EB TJ,max (1) (2) (3) 1 ESD rating at input IN 0.5 Maximum junction temperature 125 °C Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All voltage values are with respect to network ground terminal. Human Body Model RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX VCC Supply voltage 2.97 3.3 3.63 V TA Operating backside die temperature –40 100 (1) °C LFILTER, LIN Wire-bond inductor at pins FILTER1, FILTER2, and IN 0.3 0.5 nH CPD Photodiode Capacitance 0.2 (1) UNIT pF 105°C maximum junction temperature DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise noted). Typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V and TA = 25°C. PARAMETER VCC IVCC Supply current VIN Input bias voltage ROUT Output resistance RFILTER Photodiode filter resistance (1) 4 TEST CONDITIONS Supply voltage Input current IIN < 1500 µAP-P MIN TYP MAX UNIT 2.97 3.3 3.63 V 28 (1) 21 Input current IIN < 2500 µAP-P Single-ended to VCC 41 mA 44 (1) 0.75 0.85 0.98 V 40 50 60 Ω 220 Ω Includes RSSI current Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Z21 Small signal transimpedance Differential output; Input current IIN = 20 µAp-p fHSS,3dB Small signal bandwidth IIN = 16 µAp-p fL,3dB Low frequency –3 dB bandwidth 16 µA < IIN < 2000 µAp-p (1) MIN TYP MAX 2500 4500 6500 7 (2) IN,IN Input referred RMS noise 10 GHz bandwidth SUS Unstressed sensitivity optical 10.3125 Gbps, PRBS31 pattern, 850 nm, BER 10–12 10 UNIT Ω GHz 30 100 0.9 1.6 –14 kHz µA dBm 16 µAp-p < IIN < 500 µAp-p (10.3125 Gbps, PRBS31 pattern) 6 11 500 µAp-p < IIN < 2000 µAp-p (10.3125 Gbps, PRBS31 pattern) 6 13 DJ Deterministic jitter DJOL Overload deterministic jitter 2000 µAp-p < IIN < 2500 µAp-p (K28.5 pattern) 6 15 psp-p VOUT,D,MAX Maximum differential output voltage Input current IIN = 200 µAp-p 240 280 350 mVp-p ARSSI_IB RSSI gain internal bias Resistive load to GND (3) 0.48 0.5 0.52 A/A 3.5 10 16 µA 0.6 A/A RSSI internal bias output offset current (no light) (4) ARSSI_EB RSSI gain external bias Resistive load to GND (3) 0.43 RSSI external bias output offset current (no light) PSNR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Power supply noise rejection F < 10 MHz (5), supply filtering according to SFF8431 psp-p 25 µA –15 dB The small signal bandwidth is specified over process corners, temperature, and supply voltage variation. The assumed photodiode capacitance is 0.2 pF and the bond-wire inductance is 0.3 nH. The small signal bandwidth strongly depends on environmental parasitics. Careful attention to layout parasitics and external components is necessary to achieve optimal performance. Input referred RMS noise = (RMS output noise) ÷ (gain at 100 MHz). The RSSI output is a current output, which requires a resistive load to ground (GND). The voltage gain can be adjusted for the intended application by choosing the external resistor; however, for proper operation, ensure that the voltage at RSSI does not exceed VCC–0.65 V. Offset is added to improve accuracy below 5 µA. When measured without input current (no light) the offset can be subtracted as a constant offset from RSSI measurements. PSNR is the differential output amplitude divided by the voltage ripple on supply; no input current at IN. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T 5 ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 DETAILED DESCRIPTION SIGNAL PATH A transimpedance amplifier serves as the signal path first stage that converts the photodiode current into a voltage. If the input signal current exceeds a certain value, the transimpedance gain is reduced by means of a nonlinear AGC circuit to limit the signal amplitude. The second stage is a limiting voltage amplifier that provides additional limiting gain and converts the single ended input voltage into a differential data signal. The output stage provides CML outputs with an on-chip 50 Ω back-termination to VCC. FILTER CIRCUITRY The FILTER pins provide a filtered VCC for a PIN photodiode bias. The on-chip low pass filter for the photodiode is implemented using a filter resistor of 220 Ω and a capacitor. The corresponding corner frequency is below 5 MHz. The supply voltages for the transimpedance amplifier are filtered by means of on-chip capacitors, thus avoiding the need for an external supply filter capacitor. The input stage has a separate VCC supply (VCC_IN) that is not connected on the chip to the supply of the limiting and CML stages (VCC_OUT). AGC AND RSSI The voltage drop across the internal photodiode supply-filter resistor is monitored by the bias and RSSI control circuit block, in the situation where a PIN diode is biased using the FILTER pins. If the DC input current exceeds a specified level then it is partially cancelled by means of a controlled current source. This keeps the transimpedance amplifier stage within sufficient operating limits for optimum performance. The automatic gain control circuitry adjusts the voltage gain of the AGC amplifier to ensure limiting behavior of the complete amplifier. Finally, this circuit block senses the current through the filter resistor and generates a mirrored current that is proportional to the input signal strength. The mirrored current is available at the RSSI_IB output and can be sunk to ground (GND) using an external resistor. For proper operation, ensure that the voltage at the RSSI_IB pad does not exceed VCC-0.65 V. If an APD or PIN photodiode is used with an external bias then the RSSI_EB pin should be used. However, for greater accuracy under external photo diode biasing conditions, it is recommended to derive the RSSI from the external bias circuitry. 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Typical operating condition is at VCC = +3.3V and TA = +25°C (unless otherwise noted). SMALL SIGNAL TRANSIMPEDANCE vs AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 6 7000 5 6000 Transimpedance - W Transimpedance - kW TRANSIMPEDANCE vs INPUT CURRENT 4 3 2 5000 4000 3000 2000 1 1000 0 0 0 200 400 600 800 IIN - Input Current - mAP-P -40 1000 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TA - Ambient Temperature - °C Figure 3. Figure 4. SMALL SIGNAL TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS SMALL SIGNAL BANDWIDTH vs AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 36 20 33 18 30 100 16 27 14 Bandwidth - GHz Gain - dB 24 21 18 15 12 12 10 8 6 9 4 6 2 3 0 01 1 10 f - Frequency - Hz 100 0 -40 -20 Figure 5. 0 20 40 60 80 TA - Ambient Temperature - °C 100 Figure 6. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T 7 ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical operating condition is at VCC = +3.3V and TA = +25°C (unless otherwise noted). OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs INPUT CURRENT DETERMINISTIC JITTER vs INPUT CURRENT 300 20 16 Deterministic Jitter - ps Differential Output Voltage - mV 18 250 200 150 100 14 12 10 8 6 4 50 2 0 0 200 400 600 800 IIN - Input Current - mAP-P 0 1000 0 Figure 7. Figure 8. RSSI_IB OUTPUT CURRENT vs AVERAGE INPUT CURRENT POWER SUPPLY NOISE REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 0 PSNR - Power Supply Noise Rejection - dB 1000 RSSI_IB - Output Current - mA 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 160018002000 IIN - Input Current - mAP-P -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 200 400 600 800 1000 Average Input Current - mA 1200 0 1 Figure 9. 8 2 3 4 5 6 7 f - Frequency - MHz 8 9 10 Figure 10. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical operating condition is at VCC = +3.3V and TA = +25°C (unless otherwise noted). OUTPUT EYE-DIAGRAM AT 10.3 GBPS and 20 µAp-p INPUT CURRENT 50 mV/div 16.4 ps/div OUTPUT EYE-DIAGRAM AT 10.3 GBPS AND 100 µAp-p INPUT CURRENT 100 mV/div 16.4 ps/div Figure 11. Figure 12. OUTPUT EYE-DIAGRAM AT 10.3 GBPS AND 500 µAp-p INPUT CURRENT OUTPUT EYE-DIAGRAM AT 10.3 GBPS AND 2000 µAp-p INPUT CURRENT 100 mV/div 16.4 ps/div 100 mV/div Figure 13. 16.4 ps/div Figure 14. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T 9 ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 APPLICATION INFORMATION Figure 15 shows the ONET8531T being used in a typical fiber optic receiver circuit using the internal photodiode bias. The ONET8531T converts the electrical current generated by the PIN photodiode into a differential output voltage. The FILTER inputs provide a DC bias voltage for the PIN that is low pass filtered by the combination of an internal 220 Ω resistor and a capacitor. Because the voltage drop across the 220 Ω resistor is sensed and used by the bias circuit, the photodiode must be connected to the FILTER pads for the bias to function correctly. The RSSI output is used to mirror the photodiode output current and can be connected using a resistor to GND. The voltage gain can be adjusted for the intended application by choosing the external resistor; however, for proper operation of the ONET8531T, ensure that the voltage at RSSI never exceeds VCC–0.65 V. The RSSI output should be left open if it is not used while operating with internal PD bias. The OUT+ and OUT– pins are internally terminated by 50 Ω pull-up resisters to VCC. The outputs must be AC coupled, for example by using 0.1 µF capacitors, to the succeeding device. VCC_OUT OUT+ 0.1 mF VCC_IN 3 2 1 4 5 19 220 W 18 17 6 16 7 15 14 8 9 10 11 12 13 0.1 mF OUTRSSI RRSSI GND Figure 15. Basic Application Circuit for PIN Receivers 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 Figure 16 shows the ONET8531T being used in a typical fiber optic receiver circuit using an external photodiode bias for an APD photodiode. This configuration can also be used for a PIN diode. The external bias RSSI signal is based on a DC offset value and is not as accurate as the internal bias RSSI signal, which is based upon the photodiode current. VCC_OUT OUT+ 0.1 mF VCC_IN 3 2 1 4 5 19 220 W 18 17 6 APD_BIAS 16 7 15 14 8 9 10 11 12 13 0.1 mF OUT- GND Figure 16. Basic Application Circuit for APD Receivers ASSEMBLY RECOMMENDATIONS You need to concentrate on assembly parasitics and external components to achieve optimal performance. Recommendations that optimize performance include: 1. Minimize the total capacitance on the IN pad by using a low capacitance photodiode and compensating for stray capacitances. Place the photodiode close to the ONET8531T die in order to minimize the bond wire length and associated parasitic inductance. 2. Use identical termination and symmetrical transmission lines at the AC coupled differential output pins OUT+ and OUT–. 3. Use short bond wire connections for the supply terminals VCC_IN, VCC_OUT and GND. Supply voltage filtering is provided on chip but filtering may be improved by using an additional external capacitor. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T 11 ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 CHIP DIMENSIONS AND PAD LOCATIONS 19 18 17 16 15 14 1 12 2 11 8531T 1200 mm 13 10 9 y 3 4 Origin 0.0 5 6 7 8 945 mm x Bond Pad Locations and Descriptions PAD 12 COORDINATES SYMBOL TYPE DESCRIPTION x (µm) y (µm) 1 116 739 OUT+ Analog output Non-inverted data output 2 116 575 VCC_OUT Supply 3.3V supply voltage 3 116 289 VCC_IN Supply 3.3V supply voltage 4 243 136 GND Supply Circuit ground 5 358 136 FILTER1 Analog Bias voltage for photodiode 6 473 136 IN Analog input Data input to TIA 7 588 136 FILTER2 Analog Bias voltage for photodiode 8 703 136 GND Supply Circuit ground 9 828 289 RSSI_IB Analog output RSSI output signal for internally biased receivers 10 828 404 RSSI_EB Analog output RSSI output signal for externally biased receivers 11 828 575 NC 12 828 739 OUT– Analog output Inverted data output 13 828 910 GND Supply Circuit ground 14 760 1063 GND Supply Circuit ground 15 645 1063 GND Supply Circuit ground 16 530 1063 GND Supply Circuit ground 17 415 1063 GND Supply Circuit ground 18 300 1063 GND Supply Circuit ground 19 185 1063 GND Supply Circuit ground Not connected Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T ONET8531T www.ti.com SLLS891 – FEBRUARY 2008 TO46 LAYOUT EXAMPLE An example for a layout (top view) in a 5-pin TO46 can is shown in Figure 17. OUT+ OUT- VCC RSSI Figure 17. TO46 5 Pin Layout Using the ONET8531T With Dual Cathode PIN Diode Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): ONET8531T 13 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 7-May-2008 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty ONET8531TY ACTIVE DIESALE Y 0 360 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) Call TI N / A for Pkg Type ONET8531TYS ACTIVE DIESALE Y 0 4500 TBD Call TI Call TI Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. Addendum-Page 1 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI. Reproduction of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional restrictions. Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements. TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in such safety-critical applications. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments unless the TI products are specifically designated by TI as military-grade or "enhanced plastic." Only products designated by TI as military-grade meet military specifications. Buyers acknowledge and agree that any such use of TI products which TI has not designated as military-grade is solely at the Buyer's risk, and that they are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in automotive applications or environments unless the specific TI products are designated by TI as compliant with ISO/TS 16949 requirements. Buyers acknowledge and agree that, if they use any non-designated products in automotive applications, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet such requirements. Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions: Products Amplifiers Data Converters DSP Clocks and Timers Interface Logic Power Mgmt Microcontrollers RFID RF/IF and ZigBee® Solutions amplifier.ti.com dataconverter.ti.com dsp.ti.com www.ti.com/clocks interface.ti.com logic.ti.com power.ti.com microcontroller.ti.com www.ti-rfid.com www.ti.com/lprf Applications Audio Automotive Broadband Digital Control Medical Military Optical Networking Security Telephony Video & Imaging Wireless www.ti.com/audio www.ti.com/automotive www.ti.com/broadband www.ti.com/digitalcontrol www.ti.com/medical www.ti.com/military www.ti.com/opticalnetwork www.ti.com/security www.ti.com/telephony www.ti.com/video www.ti.com/wireless Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated