AMC1100 www.ti.com SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 Fully-Differential Isolation Amplifier for Energy Metering Check for Samples: AMC1100 FEATURES DESCRIPTION • The AMC1100 is a precision isolation amplifier with an output separated from the input circuitry by a silicon dioxide (SiO2) barrier that is highly resistant to magnetic interference. This barrier has been certified to provide galvanic isolation of up to 4250 VPEAK, according to UL1577 and IEC60747-5-2. Used in conjunction with isolated power supplies, this device prevents noise currents on a high common-mode voltage line from entering the local ground and interfering with or damaging sensitive circuitry. 1 2 • • • • • • • • • • • ±250-mV Input Voltage Range Optimized for Shunt Resistors Very Low Nonlinearity: 0.075% max at 5 V Low Offset Error: 1.5 mV max Low Noise: 3.1 mVRMS typ Low High-Side Supply Current: 8 mA max at 5 V Input Bandwidth: 60 kHz min Fixed Gain: 8 (0.5% Accuracy) High Common-Mode Rejection Ratio: 108 dB Low-Side Operation: 3.3 V Certified Galvanic Isolation: – UL1577 and IEC60747-5-2 Approved – Isolation Voltage: 4250 VPEAK – Working Voltage: 1200 VPEAK – Transient Immunity: 2.5 kV/µs min Typical 10-Year Lifespan at Rated Working Voltage (see Application Report SLLA197) Fully Specified Over the Extended Industrial Temperature Range The AMC1100 input is optimized for direct connection to shunt resistors or other low voltage level signal sources. The excellent performance of the device enables accurate current and voltage measurement in energy-metering applications. The output signal common-mode voltage is automatically adjusted to either the 3-V or 5-V low-side supply. The AMC1100 is fully specified over the extended industrial temperature range of –40°C to +105°C and is available in the SMD-type, gullwing-8 package. APPLICATIONS • Shunt Resistor Based Current Sensing in: – Energy Meters – Green Energy – Power Measurement Applications VDD1 VDD2 5V 2.55 V 0V VINP VOUTP VINN VOUTN 2V 250 mV 3.3 V 1.29 V GND1 2V GND2 1 2 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated AMC1100 SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 www.ti.com This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. PACKAGE AND ORDERING INFORMATION For the most current package and ordering information see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or visit the device product folder on www.ti.com. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) Over the operating ambient temperature range, unless otherwise noted. Supply voltage, VDD1 to GND1 or VDD2 to GND2 Analog input voltage at VINP, VINN VALUE UNIT –0.5 to 6 V GND1 – 0.5 to VDD1 + 0.5 V Input current to any pin except supply pins ±10 mA Maximum junction temperature, TJ Max Electrostatic discharge (ESD) ratings, all pins (1) +150 °C Human body model (HBM) JEDEC standard 22, test method A114-C.01 ±2500 V Charged device model (CDM) JEDEC standard 22, test method C101 ±1000 V Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. THERMAL INFORMATION AMC1100 THERMAL METRIC (1) DUB (SOP) UNITS 8 PINS θJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 75.1 θJCtop Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 61.6 θJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 39.8 ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 27.2 ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 39.4 θJCbot Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance N/A (1) 2 °C/W For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 AMC1100 www.ti.com SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 REGULATORY INFORMATION VDE AND IEC UL Certified according to IEC 60747-5-2 Recognized under 1577 component recognition program File number: 40016131 File number: E181974 IEC 60747-5-2 INSULATION CHARACTERISTICS Over operating free-air temperature range, unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER VIORM VPR TEST CONDITIONS VALUE UNIT 1200 VPEAK Qualification test: after input/output safety test subgroup 2/3 VPR = VIORM × 1.2, t = 10 s, partial discharge < 5 pC 1140 VPEAK Qualification test: method A, after environmental tests subgroup 1, VPR = VIORM × 1.6, t = 10 s, partial discharge < 5 pC 1920 VPEAK 100% production test: method B1, VPR = VIORM × 1.875, t = 1 s, partial discharge < 5 pC 2250 VPEAK Qualification test: t = 60 s 4250 VPEAK Qualification test: VTEST = VISO, t = 60 s 4250 VPEAK 100% production test: VTEST = 1.2 x VISO, t = 1 s 5100 VPEAK VIO = 500 V at TS > 109 Ω 2 ° Maximum working insulation voltage Input-to-output test voltage VIOTM Transient overvoltage VISO Insulation voltage per UL RS Insulation resistance PD Pollution degree IEC SAFETY LIMITING VALUES Safety limiting intends to prevent potential damage to the isolation barrier upon failure of input or output (I/O) circuitry. I/O circuitry failure can allow low resistance to either ground or supply and, without current limiting, dissipate sufficient power to overheat the die and damage the isolation barrier, thus potentially leading to secondary system failures. The safety-limiting constraint is the operating virtual junction temperature range specified in the Absolute Maximum Ratings table. The power dissipation and junction-to-air thermal impedance of the device installed in the application hardware determine the junction temperature. The assumed junction-to-air thermal resistance in the Thermal Information table is that of a device installed in the JESD51-3, Low Effective Thermal Conductivity Test Board for Leaded Surface-Mount Packages and is conservative. The power is the recommended maximum input voltage times the current. The junction temperature is then the ambient temperature plus the power times the junction-to-air thermal resistance. PARAMETER IS Safety input, output, or supply current TC Maximum-case temperature TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP θJA = 246°C/W, VIN = 5.5 V, TJ = +150°C, TA = +25°C MAX UNIT 10 mA +150 °C IEC 61000-4-5 RATINGS PARAMETER VIOSM Surge immunity TEST CONDITIONS 1.2-μs or 50-μs voltage surge and 8-μs or 20-μs current surge VALUE UNIT ±6000 V IEC 60664-1 RATINGS PARAMETER Basic isolation group Installation classification TEST CONDITIONS Material group SPECIFICATION II Rated mains voltage ≤ 150 VRMS I-IV Rated mains voltage ≤ 300 VRMS I-IV Rated mains voltage ≤ 400 VRMS I-III Rated mains voltage < 600 VRMS I-III Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 3 AMC1100 SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 www.ti.com PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS (1) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT L(I01) Minimum air gap (clearance) Shortest terminal-to-terminal distance through air L(I02) Minimum external tracking (creepage) Shortest terminal-to-terminal distance across package surface 7 CTI Tracking resistance (comparative tracking index) DIN IEC 60112 and VDE 0303 part 1 > 400 V Minimum internal gap (internal clearance) Distance through insulation 0.014 mm RIO Isolation resistance 7 mm mm Input to output, VIO = 500 V, all pins on each side of the barrier tied together to create a two-terminal device, TA < +85°C > 1012 Ω Input to output, VIO = 500 V, +85°C ≤ TA < TA max > 1011 Ω CIO Barrier capacitance input to output VI = 0.5 VPP at 1 MHz 1.2 pF CI Input capacitance to ground VI = 0.5 VPP at 1 MHz 3 pF (1) Creepage and clearance requirements should be applied according to the specific equipment isolation standards of a specific application. Care should be taken to maintain the creepage and clearance distance of the board design to ensure that the mounting pads of the isolator on the printed circuit board (PCB) do not reduce this distance. Creepage and clearance on a PCB become equal according to the measurement techniques shown in the Isolation Glossary section. Techniques such as inserting grooves or ribs on the PCB are used to help increase these specifications. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS All minimum and maximum specifications are at TA = –40°C to +105°C and are within the specified voltage range, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C, VDD1 = 5 V, and VDD2 = 3.3 V. PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT INPUT Maximum input voltage before clipping VINP – VINN Differential input voltage VINP – VINN ±320 –250 mV +250 -0.16 VCM Common-mode operating range VOS Input offset voltage –1.5 ±0.2 +1.5 mV TCVOS Input offset thermal drift –10 ±1.5 +10 µV/K CMRR Common-mode rejection ratio CIN Input capacitance to GND1 CIND Differential input capacitance 3.6 pF RIN Differential input resistance 28 kΩ 60 100 kHz –0.5 ±0.05 +0.5 % –1 ±0.05 +1 % 4.5 V ≤ VDD2 ≤ 5.5 V –0.075 ±0.015 +0.075 % 2.7 V ≤ VDD2 ≤ 3.6 V –0.1 ±0.023 +0.1 % VIN from 0 V to 5 V at 0 Hz VIN from 0 V to 5 V at 50 kHz VINP or VINN Small-signal bandwidth VDD1 mV V 108 dB 95 dB 3 pF OUTPUT Nominal gain GERR Gain error TCGERR Gain error thermal drift Nonlinearity 8 Initial, at TA = +25°C ±56 Nonlinearity thermal drift Output noise PSRR Power-supply rejection ratio Rise-and-fall time 4 ppm/K 2.4 ppm/K VINP = VINN = 0 V 3.1 mVRMS vs VDD1, 10-kHz ripple 80 dB vs VDD2, 10-kHz ripple 61 dB 0.5-V step, 10% to 90% 3.66 Submit Documentation Feedback 6.6 µs Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 AMC1100 www.ti.com SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) All minimum and maximum specifications are at TA = –40°C to +105°C and are within the specified voltage range, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C, VDD1 = 5 V, and VDD2 = 3.3 V. PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 0.5-V step, 50% to 10%, unfiltered output 1.6 3.3 µs 0.5-V step, 50% to 50%, unfiltered output 3.15 5.6 µs 0.5-V step, 50% to 90%, unfiltered output 5.26 9.9 µs OUTPUT (continued) VIN to VOUT signal delay CMTI Common-mode transient immunity VCM = 1 kV Output common-mode voltage ROUT 2.5 3.75 kV/µs 2.7 V ≤ VDD2 ≤ 3.6 V 1.15 1.29 1.45 V 4.5 V ≤ VDD2 ≤ 5.5 V 2.4 2.55 2.7 V Short-circuit current 20 mA Output resistance 2.5 Ω POWER SUPPLY VDD1 High-side supply voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 VDD2 Low-side supply voltage 2.7 5.0 5.5 IDD1 High-side supply current 5.4 8 mA IDD2 Low-side supply current 3.8 6 mA PDD1 High-side power dissipation PDD2 Low-side power dissipation 2.7 V < VDD2 < 3.6 V 4.5 V < VDD2 < 5.5 V V V 4.4 7 mA 27.0 44.0 mW 2.7 V < VDD2 < 3.6 V 11.4 21.6 mW 4.5 V < VDD2 < 5.5 V 22.0 38.5 mW PIN CONFIGURATION DUB PACKAGE SOP-8 (TOP VIEW) VDD1 1 8 VDD2 VINP 2 7 VOUTP VINN 3 6 VOUTN GND1 4 5 GND2 PIN DESCRIPTIONS PIN NAME PIN NO FUNCTION GND1 4 Power High-side analog ground DESCRIPTION GND2 5 Power Low-side analog ground VDD1 1 Power High-side power supply VDD2 8 Power Low-side power supply VINN 3 Analog input Inverting analog input Noninverting analog input VINP 2 Analog input VOUTN 6 Analog output Inverting analog output VOUTP 7 Analog output Noninverting analog output Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 5 AMC1100 SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS At VDD1 = VDD2 = 5 V, VINP = –250 mV to +250 mV, and VINN = 0 V, unless otherwise noted. INPUT OFFSET vs HIGH-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE INPUT OFFSET vs LOW-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE 2 2 1.5 1.5 1 1 Input Offset (mV) Input Offset (mV) VDD2 = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 0.5 0 −0.5 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1 −1.5 −1.5 −2 4.5 4.75 5 VDD1 (V) 5.25 −2 2.7 5.5 3 3.3 3.6 VDD2 (V) Figure 1. Figure 2. INPUT OFFSET vs LOW-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE INPUT OFFSET vs TEMPERATURE 2 2 1.5 1 1 0.5 0 −0.5 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1 −1.5 −1.5 −2 4.5 CMRR (dB) Input Offset (mV) 1.5 4.75 5 VDD2 (V) 5.25 −2 −40 −25 −10 5.5 COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO vs INPUT FREQUENCY INPUT CURRENT vs INPUT VOLTAGE 40 120 30 110 20 100 90 80 110 125 −10 −20 60 −30 100 95 0 70 1 10 Input Frequency (kHz) 80 10 −40 −400 Figure 5. 6 20 35 50 65 Temperature (°C) Figure 4. 130 50 0.1 5 Figure 3. Input Current (µA) Input Offset (mV) VDD2 = 4.5 V to 5.5 V −300 −200 −100 0 100 Input Voltage (mV) 200 300 400 Figure 6. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 AMC1100 www.ti.com SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VDD1 = VDD2 = 5 V, VINP = –250 mV to +250 mV, and VINN = 0 V, unless otherwise noted. INPUT BANDWIDTH vs TEMPERATURE GAIN ERROR vs HIGH-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE 120 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 100 Gain Error (%) Input Bandwidth (kHz) 110 90 80 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 70 −0.8 60 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 Temperature (°C) 80 95 −1 4.5 110 125 5.25 Figure 8. GAIN ERROR vs LOW-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE GAIN ERROR vs LOW-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE 1 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.4 −0.6 −0.6 −0.8 −0.8 −1 2.7 3 3.3 VDD2 = 4.5 V to 5.5 V 0.8 0.6 −1 4.5 3.6 VDD2 (V) 4.75 5 VDD2 (V) Figure 9. Figure 10. GAIN ERROR vs TEMPERATURE NORMALIZED GAIN vs INPUT FREQUENCY 1 5.25 5.5 10 0 0.6 −10 Normalized Gain (dB) 0.8 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −20 −30 −40 −50 −0.6 −60 −0.8 −70 −1 −40 −25 −10 5.5 1 VDD2 = 2.7 V to 3.6 V Gain Error (%) Gain Error (%) 5 VDD1 (V) Figure 7. 0.8 Gain Error (%) 4.75 5 20 35 50 65 Temperature (°C) 80 95 110 125 −80 1 Figure 11. 10 100 Input Frequency (kHz) 500 Figure 12. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 7 AMC1100 SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VDD1 = VDD2 = 5 V, VINP = –250 mV to +250 mV, and VINN = 0 V, unless otherwise noted. OUTPUT PHASE vs INPUT FREQUENCY OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs INPUT VOLTAGE 0 5 −30 4.5 −60 VOUTP VOUTN 4 Output Voltage (V) Output Phase (°) −90 −120 −150 −180 −210 −240 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 −270 1 −300 0.5 −330 −360 1 10 100 Input Frequency (kHz) 0 −400 1000 −200 −100 0 100 Input Voltage (mV) 200 Figure 13. Figure 14. OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs INPUT VOLTAGE NONLINEARITY vs HIGH-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE 3.6 3.3 −300 300 400 0.1 VDD2 = 2.7 V to 3.6 V VOUTP VOUTN 3 0.08 0.06 2.4 Nonlinearity (%) Output Voltage (V) 2.7 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.2 0.04 0.02 0 −0.02 −0.04 0.9 −0.06 0.6 −0.08 0.3 0 −400 −300 −200 −100 0 100 Input Voltage (mV) 200 300 −0.1 4.5 400 NONLINEARITY vs LOW-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE NONLINEARITY vs LOW-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE 5.5 0.1 VDD2 = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02 0 −0.02 −0.04 0.02 0 −0.02 −0.04 −0.06 −0.06 −0.08 −0.08 3 3.3 3.6 VDD2 = 4.5 V to 5.5 V 0.08 Nonlinearity (%) Nonlinearity (%) 5.25 Figure 16. 0.1 8 5 VDD1 (V) Figure 15. 0.08 −0.1 2.7 4.75 −0.1 4.5 VDD2 (V) 5 VDD2 (V) Figure 17. Figure 18. Submit Documentation Feedback 4.75 5.25 5.5 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 AMC1100 www.ti.com SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VDD1 = VDD2 = 5 V, VINP = –250 mV to +250 mV, and VINN = 0 V, unless otherwise noted. NONLINEARITY vs INPUT VOLTAGE NONLINEARITY vs TEMPERATURE 0.1 0.1 VDD2 = 3 V VDD2 = 5 V 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02 0 −0.02 −0.04 0.02 0 −0.02 −0.04 −0.06 −0.06 −0.08 −0.08 −0.1 −250 −200 −150 −100 −50 0 50 100 Input Voltage (mV) 150 200 −0.1 −40 −25 −10 250 5 20 35 50 65 Temperature (°C) 80 95 Figure 19. Figure 20. OUTPUT NOISE DENSITY vs FREQUENCY POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs RIPPLE FREQUENCY 2600 100 2400 90 2200 80 2000 70 PSRR (dB) Noise (nV/sqrt(Hz)) 0.08 Nonlinearity (%) Nonlinearity (%) 0.08 1800 1600 1400 50 40 30 1000 20 800 10 1 10 100 VDD1 VDD2 60 1200 600 0.1 110 125 0 1 Frequency (kHz) 10 Ripple Frequency (kHz) Figure 21. Figure 22. OUTPUT RISE AND FALL TIME vs TEMPERATURE FULL-SCALE STEP RESPONSE 100 10 Output Rise/Fall Time (µs) 9 8 500 mV/div 7 6 5 4 200 mV/div 3 2 500 mV/div 1 0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 Temperature (°C) 80 95 110 125 Figure 23. Time (2 ms/div) Figure 24. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 9 AMC1100 SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VDD1 = VDD2 = 5 V, VINP = –250 mV to +250 mV, and VINN = 0 V, unless otherwise noted. OUTPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE vs LOW-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE OUTPUT SIGNAL DELAY TIME vs TEMPERATURE 10 5 8 Signal Delay (µs) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 Temperature (°C) 80 95 VDD2 rising VDD2 falling Output Common−Mode Voltage (V) 50% to 10% 50% to 50% 50% to 90% 9 4 3 2 1 0 3.5 110 125 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 VDD2 (V) 4.2 Figure 25. Figure 26. OUTPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE vs TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 5 4.3 4.4 4.5 8 VDD2 = 2.7 V to 3.6 V VDD2 = 4.5 V to 5.5 V Output Common−Mode Voltage (V) 3.6 IDD1 IDD2 7 Supply Current (mA) 4 3 2 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 Temperature (°C) 80 95 0 4.5 110 125 4.75 5 Supply Voltage (V) Figure 27. Figure 28. LOW-SIDE SUPPLY CURRENT vs LOW-SIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 8 5.25 5.5 8 7 7 6 6 Supply Current (mA) IDD2 (mA) VDD2 = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 5 4 3 2 1 0 2.7 5 4 3 2 1 3 3.3 3.6 0 −40 −25 −10 VDD2 (V) Figure 29. 10 IDD1 IDD2 5 20 35 50 65 Temperature (°C) 80 95 110 125 Figure 30. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 AMC1100 www.ti.com SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 THEORY OF OPERATION INTRODUCTION The differential analog input of the AMC1100 is a switched-capacitor circuit based on a second-order modulator stage that digitizes the input signal into a 1-bit output stream. The device compares the differential input signal (VIN = VINP – VINN) against the internal reference of 2.5 V using internal capacitors that are continuously charged and discharged with a typical frequency of 10 MHz. With the S1 switches closed, CIND charges to the voltage difference across VINP and VINN. For the discharge phase, both S1 switches open first and then both S2 switches close. CIND discharges to approximately AGND + 0.8 V during this phase. Figure 31 shows the simplified equivalent input circuitry. VDD1 GND1 GND1 CINP = 3 pF 3 pF 400 W VINP S1 S2 AGND + 0.8 V Equivalent Circuit VINP CIND = 3.6 pF S1 400 W VINN RIN = 28 kW S2 VINN AGND + 0.8 V 3 pF CINN = 3 pF GND1 RIN = GND1 1 fCLK · CDIFF GND1 (fCLK = 10 MHz) Figure 31. Equivalent Input Circuit The analog input range is tailored to directly accommodate a voltage drop across a shunt resistor used for current sensing. However, there are two restrictions on the analog input signals, VINP and VINN. If the input voltage exceeds the range AGND – 0.5 V to AVDD + 0.5 V, the input current must be limited to 10 mA to prevent the implemented input protection diodes from damage. In addition, the device linearity and noise performance are ensured only when the differential analog input voltage remains within ±250 mV. The isolated digital bit stream is processed by a third-order analog filter on the low-side and presented as a differential output of the device. The SiO2-based capacitive isolation barrier supports a high level of magnetic field immunity, as described in application report SLLA181, ISO72x Digital Isolator Magnetic-Field Immunity (available for download at www.ti.com). Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 11 AMC1100 SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 www.ti.com APPLICATION INFORMATION CURRENT MEASUREMENT A typical operation of the AMC1100 is a current-measurement application, as shown in Figure 32. Measurement of the current through the phase of a power line is done via the shunt resistor RSHUNT (in this case, a two-terminal shunt). For better performance, the differential signal is filtered using RC filters (components R2, R3, and C2). Optionally, C3 and C4 can be used to reduce charge dumping from the inputs. In this case, care should be taken when choosing the quality of these capacitors; mismatch in values of these capacitors leads to a common-mode error at the modulator input. Isolation Barrier Phase TMC320 C/F28xxx R1 Device 1 C1 0.1 mF R2 12 W RSHUNT R3 12 W C2(1) 330 pF C3 10 pF (optional) (1) VDD1 VDD2 14 (1) 2 VINP VOUTP 13 C5(1) 0.1 mF R C 3 C4 10 pF (optional) 4 VINN VOUTN GND1 GND2 11 ADC R 9 Place these capacitors as close as possible to the AMC1100. Figure 32. Typical Application Diagram for the AMC1100 The high-side power supply for the AMC1100 (VDD1) is derived from the system supply. For lowest cost, a Zener diode can be used to limit the voltage to 5 V ± 10%. A 0.1-µF decoupling capacitor is recommended for filtering this power-supply path. This capacitor (C1 in Figure 32) should be placed as close as possible to the VDD1 pin for best performance. If better filtering is required, an additional 1-µF to 10-µF capacitor can be used. For higher power efficiency, a step-down converter can be used (such as the TPS62120) to generate the AMC1100 supply voltage. The floating ground reference (GND1) is derived from the end of the shunt resistor, which is connected to the negative input of the AMC1100 (VINN). If a four-terminal shunt is used, the inputs of the AMC1100 are connected to the inner leads while GND1 is connected to one of the outer shunt leads. The differential input of the AMC1100 ensures accurate operation even in noisy environments. The differential output of the AMC1100 can either directly drive an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) input or can be further filtered before being processed by the ADC. 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 AMC1100 www.ti.com SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 As shown in Figure 33, it is recommended to place the bypass and filter capacitors as close as possible to the AMC1100 to ensure best performance. Top View 12 W SMD 0603 To Shunt 12 W SMD 0603 330 pF SMD 0603 LEGEND Top layer; copper pour and traces VDD1 VDD2 VINP VOUTP 0.1 mF SMD 1206 0.1mF 0.1 mF SMD 1206 Device VINN VOUTN GND1 GND2 To Filter or ADC SMD 1206 Clearance area. Keep free of any conductive materials. High-side area Controller-side area Via Figure 33. AMC1100 Layout Recommendation To maintain the isolation barrier and the common-mode transient immunity (CMTI) of the device, the distance between the high-side ground (GND1) and the low-side ground (GND2) should be kept at maximum; that is the entire area underneath the device should be kept free of any conducting materials. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 13 AMC1100 SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 www.ti.com VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT The AMC1100 can also be used for isolated voltage measurement applications, as shown in a simplified way in Figure 34. In such applications, usually a resistor divider (R1 and R2 in Figure 34) is used to match the relatively small input voltage range of the AMC1100. R2 and the AMC1100 input resistance (RIN) also create a resistance divider that results in additional gain error. With the assumption that R1 and RIN have a considerably higher value than R2, the resulting total gain error can be estimated using Equation 1: R GERRTOT = GERR + 2 RIN Where GERR = device gain error. (1) L1 R1 R2 RIN L2 Figure 34. Voltage Measurement Application 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 AMC1100 www.ti.com SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 ISOLATION GLOSSARY Creepage Distance: The shortest path between two conductive input-to-output leads measured along the surface of the insulation. The shortest distance path is found around the end of the package body. Clearance: The shortest distance between two conductive input-to-output leads measured through air (line of sight). Input-to-Output Barrier Capacitance: The total capacitance between all input terminals connected together, and all output terminals connected together. Input-to-Output Barrier Resistance: The total resistance between all input terminals connected together, and all output terminals connected together. Primary Circuit: An internal circuit directly connected to an external supply mains or other equivalent source that supplies the primary circuit electric power. Secondary Circuit: A circuit with no direct connection to primary power that derives its power from a separate isolated source. Comparative Tracking Index (CTI): CTI is an index used for electrical insulating materials. It is defined as the numerical value of the voltage that causes failure by tracking during standard testing. Tracking is the process that produces a partially conducting path of localized deterioration on or through the surface of an insulating material as a result of the action of electric discharges on or close to an insulation surface. The higher CTI value of the insulating material, the smaller the minimum creepage distance. Generally, insulation breakdown occurs either through the material, over its surface, or both. Surface failure may arise from flashover or from the progressive insulation surface degradation by small localized sparks. Such sparks result from a surface film of a conducting contaminant breaking on the insulation. The resulting break in the leakage current produces an overvoltage at the site of the discontinuity, and an electric spark is generated. These sparks often cause carbonization on insulation material and lead to a carbon track between points of different potential. This process is known as tracking. Insulation: Operational insulation—Insulation needed for correct equipment operation. Basic insulation—Insulation to provide basic protection against electric shock. Supplementary insulation—Independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation in order to ensure protection against electric shock in the event of a failure of the basic insulation. Double insulation—Insulation comprising both basic and supplementary insulation. Reinforced insulation—A single insulation system that provides a degree of protection against electric shock equivalent to double insulation. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 15 AMC1100 SBAS562 – APRIL 2012 www.ti.com Pollution Degree: Pollution Degree 1—No pollution, or only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence on device performance. Pollution Degree 2—Normally, only nonconductive pollution occurs. However, a temporary conductivity caused by condensation is to be expected. Pollution Degree 3—Conductive pollution, or dry nonconductive pollution that becomes conductive because of condensation, occurs. Condensation is to be expected. Pollution Degree 4—Continuous conductivity occurs as a result of conductive dust, rain, or other wet conditions. Installation Category: Overvoltage Category—This section is directed at insulation coordination by identifying the transient overvoltages that may occur, and by assigning four different levels as indicated in IEC 60664. 1. Signal Level: Special equipment or parts of equipment. 2. Local Level: Portable equipment, etc. 3. Distribution Level: Fixed installation. 4. Primary Supply Level: Overhead lines, cable systems. Each category should be subject to smaller transients than the previous category. 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): AMC1100 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 10-May-2012 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead/ Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) AMC1100DUB ACTIVE SOP DUB 8 50 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR AMC1100DUBR ACTIVE SOP DUB 8 350 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR Samples (Requires Login) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. 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Addendum-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 10-May-2012 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device AMC1100DUBR Package Package Pins Type Drawing SOP DUB 8 SPQ 350 Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) 330.0 24.4 Pack Materials-Page 1 10.9 B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 10.01 5.85 16.0 24.0 Q1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 10-May-2012 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) AMC1100DUBR SOP DUB 8 350 358.0 335.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. 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