HA16163T Synchronous Phase Shift Full-Bridge Control IC REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Features • • • • • High frequency operation; oscillator frequency = 2 MHz max. Full-bridge phase-shift switching circuit with adjustable delay times Integrated secondary synchronous rectification control with adjustable delay times Three-level over current protection; pulse by pulse, timer Latch, one shot OCP Package: TSSOP-20 Application • 48 V input isolated DC/DC converter • Primary; Full-bridge circuit topology • Secondary; current doubler or center-tapped rectification Illustrative Circuit +48V + – FET Driver Vbias FET Driver VCC FET Driver FET Driver OUT -A OUT -B CS RAMP FET Driver OUT -C OUT -D OUT -E FET Driver OUT -F Optical feedback circuitry COMP VREF GND FB RT SYNC SS REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 1 of 29 REMOTE DELAY DELAY DELAY -1 -2 -3 HA16163T Pin Arrangement SYNC 1 20 RT RAMP 2 19 GND CS 3 18 OUT-A COMP 4 17 OUT-B REMOTE 5 16 OUT-C FB 6 15 OUT-D SS 7 14 OUT-E DELAY-1 8 13 OUT-F DELAY-2 9 12 VCC DELAY-3 10 11 VREF (Top view) Pin Functions Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Pin Name SYNC Pin Function Synchronization I/O for the oscillator RAMP CS COMP REMOTE FB SS DELAY-1 DELAY-2 DELAY-3 VREF VCC OUT-F OUT-E OUT-D OUT-C OUT-B OUT-A GND RT Current sense signal input for the full-bridge control loop Current sense signal input for OCP Error amplifier output Remote on/off control Voltage feedback input Timing capacitor for both soft start and timer latch Delay time adjustor for the full-bridge control signal (OUT-A and B) Delay time adjustor for the full-bridge control signal (OUT-C and D) Delay time adjustor for the secondary control signal (OUT-E and F) 5 V/20 mA Output IC power supply input Secondary control signal Secondary control signal Full-bridge control signal Full-bridge control signal Full-bridge control signal Full-bridge control signal Ground level for the IC Timing resistor for the oscillator REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 2 of 29 HA16163T Block Diagram VCC H 5V Generator UVL UVLO VREF L REMOTE H VREF GOOD L + − ON: 1.417V OFF: 1.333V VREF RT Start-up counter 32 clock Current Ref. Generator VREFGOOD Circuit Bias VREF DELAY OUT-A Oscillator DELAY-1 RES SYNC SYNC. I/O VREF Q DELAY Error Amp VREF VREF R 500μ − + FB OUT-B DELAY Q OUT-C S DELAY-2 1.25V VREF Comparator − + 20k COMP 10k − + 1.55V 1.46V DELAY OUT-D 0.4V RAMP Clamp Circuit VREF R Q Zero Delay S VREFGOOD 4V 10μ RES SS R Q S SS IN LOCKOUT SEQ. DISCHARGE + − PULSE BY PULSE 0.4V + − ONE SHOT 0.6V CS VREF ONE PULSE 87μA FAULT LOGIC LIMIT IN Zero delay DELAY GND Note that all switches in the block diagram are turned on when control signal is high. REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 3 of 29 OUT-E DELAY DELAY-3 VREF OUT-F HA16163T Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C) Item Power supply voltage Peak output current DC output current VREF output current COMP sink current DELAY set current RT set current VREF terminal voltage Terminal group 1 voltage Operating junction temperature Storage temperature Notes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Symbol Vcc Ipk-out Idc-out Iref-out Isink-comp Iset-delay Iset-rt Vter-ref Vter-1 Tj-opr Tstg Rating 20 ±50 ±5 –20 2 0.3 0.3 –0.3 to 6 –0.3 to (Vref +0.3) –40 to +125 –55 to +150 Unit V mA mA mA mA mA mA V V °C °C Rated voltages are with reference to the GND pin. Shows the transient current when driving a capacitive load. For rated currents, inflow to the IC is indicated by (+), and outflow by (–). VREF pin voltage must not exceed VCC pin voltage. Terminal group 1 is defined the pins; REMOTE, CS, RAMP, COMP, FB, SS, RT, SYNC, DELAY-1 to 3, OUT-A to F 6. θja 228°C/W Board condition; Glass epoxy 55 mm × 45 mm × 1.6 mm, 10% wiring density. REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 4 of 29 Note 1 2, 3 3 3 3 3 3 1, 4 1, 5 6 HA16163T Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C, Vcc = 12 V, RT = 33 kΩ, Rdelay = 51 kΩ, unless otherwise specified.) Item Supply VREF Oscillator SYNC Remote Error amplifier Min Typ Max Unit Start threshold VH Symbol 9.0 9.8 10.6 V Shutdown threshold VL 7.3 7.9 8.5 V UVLO hysteresis dVUVL 1.7 1.9 2.1 V Test Conditions Start-up current Is — 90 150 μA Vcc = 8.5V Operating current Icc — 7 10 mA No load on VREF pin Output voltage Vref 4.9 5.0 5.1 V Line regulation Vref-line — 0 10 mV Vcc = 10V to 16V Load regulation Vref-load — 6 20 mV Iref = –1mA to –20mA Temperature stability dVref/dTa — ±80 * 1 — ppm/°C Oscillator frequency fosc — 960 * 1 — kHz Switching frequency fsw 412 480 547 kHz Line stability fsw-line –1.5 0 Temperature stability dfsw/dTa — ±0.1 * RT voltage VRT 2.5 Input threshold VTH-SYNC Output high VOH-SYNC Output low Ta = –40 to 105°C Measured on OUT-A, -B 1.5 % Vcc = 10V to 16V — %/°C Ta = –40 to 105°C 2.7 2.9 V 2.5 2.85 3.2 V 3.5 4.0 — V RSYNC = 33kΩ to GND VOL-SYNC — 0.05 0.15 V RSYNC = 33kΩ to VREF 1 Minimum input pulse TI-MIN 50 — — ns Output pulse width TO-SYNC — 500 — ns On threshold voltage VON 1.374 1.417 1.460 V Off threshold voltage VOFF 1.293 1.333 1.373 V Input bias current IREMOTE 0 0.4 2 μA FB input voltage VFB 1.225 1.250 1.275 V FB input current IFB –1.0 0 1.0 μA Open-loop DC gain Av — 80 * — dB Unity gain bandwidth BW — 2* — MHz Output source current ISOURCE –610 –430 –350 μA FB = 0.75V, COMP = 2V Output sink current ISINK 2.0 6.5 — mA FB = 1.75V, COMP = 2V Output high voltage VOH-EO 3.7 3.9 — V FB = 0.75V, COMP; open Output low voltage VOL-EO — 0.1 0.4 V FB = 1.75V, COMP; open –0.16 –0.07 0.0 V FB = 0.75V, COMP; open SS = 1V Output clamp voltage * 2 VCLAMP-EO 1 1 Notes: 1. Reference values for design. Not 100% tested in production. 2. VCLAMP-EO = VCOMP – SS voltage (1V) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 5 of 29 REMOTE = 2V FB and COMP are shorted FB = 1.25V HA16163T Electrical Characteristics (cont.) (Ta = 25°C, Vcc = 12 V, RT = 33 kΩ, Rdelay = 51 kΩ, unless otherwise specified.) Item Phase modulator Min Typ RAMP offset voltage VRAMP Symbol — 0.4 * RAMP bias current IRAMP –5 –0.8 5 μA RAMP = 0.3V RAMP sink current ISINK-RAMP 8 26 — mA RAMP = 1V, COMP = 0V Dmin — 0* * Maximum phase shift Dmax — 97.0 * * 2 1 4 Max Unit — V Test Conditions — % RAMP = 1V, COMP = 0V — % RAMP = 0V, COMP = 2.1V Tpd — 30 60 ns COMP = 2.1V TD1, 2, 3 22 33.5 45 ns Delay set R = 51k Terminal voltage VD1, 2, 3 1.9 2.0 2.1 V Delay set R = 51k Source current ISS –14 –10 –6 μA SS = 1V Discharge current IRES-SS 5 10 — mA Soft-start reset voltage VRES-SS 0.25 0.40 0.55 V SS high voltage VOH-SS 3.9 4.0 4.1 V DELAY-1, -2, -3 * Soft start 1 4 Minimum phase shift Delay to OUT-C, -D * Delay 1 3 Notes: 1. Reference values for design. Not 100% tested in production. 2. Tpd is defined as; RAMP 1V 0V OUT-C/D 5V 0V 50% 50% Tpd 3. TD1, 2, 3 are defined as; TD1 TD1 OUT-A OUT-B 50% For primary control OUT-C TD2 TD2 OUT-D OUT-E For secondary control TD3 OUT-F TD3 4. Maximum/Minimum phase shift is defined as; T2 OUT-A D= × 2 × 100 (%) T1 T2 OUT-D T1 OUT-B T2 OUT-C T1 REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 6 of 29 SS = 1V, REMOTE = 0V Measured on SS HA16163T Electrical Characteristics (cont.) (Ta = 25°C, Vcc = 12 V, RT = 33 kΩ, Rdelay = 51 kΩ, unless otherwise specified.) Item Over current protection Symbol Pulse-by-pulse current limit threshold One-shot OCP threshold Typ Max Unit 0.36 0.40 0.44 V Test Conditions VCS-SD 0.54 0.60 0.66 V Tpd-cs — 40 80 ns CS = 0V to 0.47V Timer latch integration time TTL 44 63 82 μs CS = 0.47V step function, SS = 0.022μF High voltage VOH-OUT 4.3 4.8 — V IOUT = –5mA Low voltage VOL-OUT — 0.1 0.4 V IOUT = 5mA Rise time tr — 5 15 ns COUT = 33pF Fall time tf — 5 15 ns COUT = 33pF TD4 — 3* — ns Delay to OUT pins * Output Min VCS-PP Timing offset * 1 2 3 Notes: 1. Tpd-cs is defined as; CS 0.47V 0 50% OUT-C/D 50% Tpd-cs 2. TD4 is defined as; 50% OUT-D OUT-E OUT-C 50% TD4 50% OUT-F 50% TD4 3. Reference values for design. Not 100% tested in production. REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 7 of 29 HA16163T Timing Diagram Note: All voltage, current, time shown in the diagram is typical value. Full Bridge and Secondary Control COMP COMP/3(internal signal) RAMP+0.4V (internal signal) 0.4V RAMP TD1 TD1 OUT-A OUT-B OUT-C TD2 TD2 OUT-D TD3 OUT-E TD3 OUT-F VIN OUT-A DRIVE MA MC DRIVE OUT-C OUT-B DRIVE MB MD DRIVE OUT-D DRIVE ME MF DRIVE RAMP OUT-E External Power Stage REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 8 of 29 OUT-F HA16163T Start-up and Shutdown 9.8V 7.9V VCC ON REMOTE ON OFF 5V VREF 0V RES (Internal signal) 32 counts VREFGOOD High (Internal signal) Low 32 counts 4.0V SS 0V DISCHARGE (Internal signal) High Low From Error Amp COMP 20k 10k Current information Comparator − + For Phase Modulation 0.4V RAMP Clamp VREF 4.0V SS Iss 10μA SS IN Css Discharge Soft-start Block REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 9 of 29 HA16163T Timer Latch and One Shot OCP 0.6V 0.4V CS 4V 0.4V 3.9V 3.78V 3.9V SS 0.4V OUT ENABLE LOCKOUT (Internal signal) OUT DISABLE SEQ. (Internal signal) FAULT LOGIC FOR PHASE MODULATION 3.9V 4V 10μA RES 3.78V − + 0.4V − + SS IN SS R Q S Q R DISCHARGE PULSE BY PULSE ONE SHOT 0.6V + − CS Q R S SHORT DET. + − S SEQ. 87μA 0.4V − + R Q LIMIT IN S VREFGOOD LOCKOUT All Flip-flop are initialized by VREFGOOD in turn on period. OCP Block SS IN : Voltage detector input of SS pin. SEQ. : Timer Latch function is not activated when SEQ. signal is Low. SHORT DET. : Once ONE SHOT comparator detect short current in the power supply, SHORT DET. is High until SS voltage reaches down to 0.4V. DISCHARGE : Gate control for SS capasitor reset. LIMIT IN : One shot OCP input. LOCKOUT : Lock-out signal for OUT-A to F. VREFGOOD : System reset signal. VREFGOOD is High when either VREF<4.6V or Remote off mode. REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 10 of 29 HA16163T Functional Description Note: All voltage, current, time shown in the diagram is typical value unless otherwise noted. UVLO UVLO (Under Voltage Lockout Operation) is a function that halts operation of the IC in the event of a low IC power supply voltage. When IC operation is halted, the 5 V internal voltage generation circuit (VREF) halts, and therefore operation of circuitry using VREF as the operating power supply halts. Circuit blocks other than UVLO use VREF as their operating power supply. Therefore, the power supply current of the IC becomes equal to the current dissipated by the UVLO circuit. The following graphs show the relationship between the VCC input current and VCC input voltage, and between VREF and the VCC input voltage. ICC ICC Is 0 7.9V 8.5V 9.8V 12V 20V VCC VREF 5V 0 7.9V 9.8V 20V VCC Figure 1 REMOTE IC outputs (OUT-A through OUT-F) can be halted by means of the REMOTE pin. In this case, the IC output logic level is low. In the remote off state, VREF output is not halted, and therefore the current dissipation of the IC does not decrease to the start-up level. Also, control by means of the REMOTE pin is not possible when the IC has been halted by UVLO. The soft start capacitance is discharged in the remote off state. Therefore, operation begins from soft start mode when the next remote on operation is performed. The relationship between the REMOTE pin and the operating mode of the IC is shown in the following figure. IC operating ON mode OFF 0V 1.333V 1.417V Figure 2 REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 11 of 29 5V REMOTE HA16163T The remote on and off threshold voltages are provided with hysteresis of 84 mV (typ). Remote control can be performed by means of analog input as shown in the diagram below as well as by means of logic control. The following diagram shows an example in which the power supply set input voltage is sensed by means of the REMOTE pin, and the power supply set start-up voltage is set to 34 V, and the shutdown voltage to 32 V. VIN 5V(VREF) VIN(on) = VON(remote) × (R1+R2)/R2 = 1.417V × 24 = 34.008V HA16163 220k R1 10k REMOTE VIN(off) = VOFF(remote) × (R1+R2)/R2 = 1.333V × 24 = 31.992V R2 10k 100p Full-bridge control GND Remote control circuit VIN sense circuit (logic input) (analog input) Power Stage Figure 3 Start-up Counter When the VREFGOOD signal (internal signal) goes to the logic low level, the HA16163 starts operating as a controller. The VREFGOOD signal is created from the REMOTE comparator and VREFGOOD circuit output via a 32-clock startup counter. VCC H UVLO 5V Generator UVL L REMOTE ON: 1.417V OFF: 1.333V + − From Oscillator Start-up counter 32 clock VREF H VREF GOOD L VREFGOOD Circuit Bias Figure 4 Therefore, the start of IC operation is a 32-count later than UVLO release or the remote on trigger. When the oscillator frequency is set to 1 MHz, this represents a delay of 32 μs. This delay enables operation to be halted until VREF (5 V) stabilizes when UVLO is released. Note that the start-up counter operates when VREF rises or when a remote on operation is performed, but does not operate when VREF falls or when a remote off operation is performed (there is no logic delay due to the start-up counter). 9.8V 7.9V VCC 4.6V 4.4V VREF 32 counts RES (Internal signal) VREFGOOD (Internal signal) Start of Operation operation halted Figure 5 REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 12 of 29 HA16163T Oscillator The oscillation frequency of the oscillator is set by means of a resistance connected between the RT pin and GND. The following graph shows the relationship between the external resistance and the oscillation frequency. The typical value of the oscillation frequency is given by the following equation. fosc = 1 25 [pF] × RT [Ω] + 150 [ns] [Hz] fosc vs. RT 10000 HA16163 fosc (kHz) SYNC 1000 (2.7 V) RT GND 100 RT 10 10 100 RT (kΩ) 1000 Figure 6 Place the resistor for connection to the RT pin as close to the pin as is possible. Please design the pattern so that the level of cross-talk from other signals is minimized. Synchronized Operation Parallel synchronized operation is possible by connecting the SYNC pins of HA16163s. In this case, up to four slave ICs can be connected to one master IC. A value of at least twice the master RT value should be set for the slave IC RT values. (2.7V) RT HA16163 HA16163 MASTER SLAVE RT SYNC SYNC RT GND GND (2.7V) 2*RT HA16163 SLAVE SYNC RT (2.7V) GND Max. 4 slaves Figure 7 Parallel Synchronized Operation REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 13 of 29 2*RT HA16163T External synchronized operation is possible by supplying a synchronization signal to the SYNC pins of HA16163s. In this case, a frequency not exceeding 1/2 that of the master clock should be set for the HA16163s. A maximum master clock frequency of 4 MHz should be used. See the figure below for the input waveform conditions. HA16163 TTL or CMOS SLAVE MASTER MASTER CLOCK SYNC RT (2.7V) RT GND HA16163 SLAVE SYNC RT (2.7V) GND RT Figure 8 External Synchronized Operation TCYCLE TI-MIN Item TCYCLE TI-MIN TIL-MIN VIH-SYNC VIL-SYNC TIH-SYNC TIL-SYNC TIL-MIN Figure 9 SYNC Pin Input Conditions REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 14 of 29 Input Range 250ns min. 50ns min. 100ns min. 3.2V to Vref 0V to 2.5V HA16163T Synchronous Phase Shift Full-Bridge Control The HA16163 is provided with full-bridge control outputs OUT-A through OUT-D, and secondary-side synchronous rectification control outputs OUT-E and OUT-F. ZVS (Zero Voltage Switching) can be performed by adjusting timing delays TD1 and TD2 between the OUT-A through OUT-D outputs by means of an external resistance. OUT-E and OUTF have an output timing suitable for secondary-side full-wave rectification, and so can be used in either current doubler or center tap applications. The following figure shows full-bridge ZVS + current doubler operation using an ideal model. RES pulse (Internal signal) SA TD1 SB Full-bridge control switch (on when high) SC TD2 SD Synchronous SE rectification control switch (on when high) SF Transformer primary both-side voltage TD3 VIN 0 –VIN Transformer VIN/N secondary 0 both-side –VIN/N voltage Subinterval: Time: 1 t0 2 t1 3 t2 4 t3 5 t4 t5 Figure 10 • Subinterval: 1 In interval 1, SA and SD are turned on, and VIN is generated on the transformer primary side. On the transformer secondary side, a value proportional to the winding ratio is generated, and the primary-side power is transmitted to the load side. At this time, secondary-side switch SE is off and SF is on. L1 VIN SA SE SC V12 V11 VOUT Lr Cr1 SB SD Cr2 SF L2 Subinterval: 1 REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 15 of 29 HA16163T • Subinterval: 2 As SD is turned off at point t1, the primary-side current flows into resonant capacitance Cr2. At this time Cr2 is charged, and therefore the potential of V12 rises. Considering that the exciting current and the L1 and L2 ripple currents are considerable smaller than Io, the following is an approximate equation for the slope of V12. dV12 0.5 Io 1 = ⋅ dt Cr2 N ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅(1) [V/s] Here, N is the ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil (N = N1/N2), and Io is the output current. As SE and SF are on, the transformer secondary side is in the shorted state, and the value of the current flowing up to that time is retained. L1 VIN SA SE SC V12 V11 VOUT Lr SB Cr1 SD Cr2 SF L2 Subinterval: 2 • Subinterval: 3 SC is turned on at point t2. ZVS operation can be attained by setting the SD off (t2) → SC on (t3) delay to the optimal value. This delay time can be expressed by equation (2). TD2 = N ⋅ Cr2 ⋅ VIN 0.5 Io ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅(2) [s] After SC is turned on, the transformer primary side is in the shorted state, and therefore the current value immediately after SC was turned on is retained. L1 VIN SA SE SC V12 V11 VOUT Lr Cr1 SB SD Cr2 SF L2 Subinterval: 3 REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 16 of 29 HA16163T • Subinterval: 4 As SA is turned off at point t3, the primary-side current discharges resonant capacitance Cr1, and the potential of V11 falls. A negative potential is applied to resonant inductor Lr, and a flux reset starts. At this time, since the series resonance circuit is composed of Cr1 and Lr, the V11 waveform changes to a sine wave. The resonance frequency is given by equation (3). fr = 1 2π √(Cr1 ⋅ Lr) ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅(3) [Hz] L1 VIN SA SC SE V12 V11 VOUT Lr Cr1 SB SD SF Cr2 L2 Subinterval: 4 • Subinterval: 5 When synchronous switch SF is turned off at point t4, the current flowing in SF up to that time continues to flow through the SF body diode. SF turn-off must be performed before completion of the resonant inductor Lr flux reset. If SF is not off on completion of the Lr flux reset, power transmission will be performed with the transformer secondary-side shorted, and therefore an excessive current will flow in the transformer primary and secondary sides, and parts may be damaged. Also, if the SF body diode is on for a long period, loss will be high. Therefore, optimal timing should be set by means of the HA16163's delay adjustment pin, DELAY-3. Lr reset time tr is given by equation (4) when the resonance voltage peak value is within the input voltage. treset(Lr)|vpp≤VIN = 1 1 ⋅ 4 fr = 0.5π √(Cr1 ⋅ Lr) [s] ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅(4) Here, vpp is the resonance voltage peak value. vpp = Io 1 ⋅ ⋅ √(Lr/Cr1) 2 N ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅(5) [V] L1 VIN SA SC SE VOUT V12 V11 Lr Cr1 SB SD Cr2 SF L2 Subinterval: 5 REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 17 of 29 HA16163T • Time: t5 SB is turned on at point t5. The SB switching loss can be minimized by turning on SB when the SB both-side voltages are at a minimum (when the resonance voltage is at a peak). The SB turn-on timing can be set with TD1 of the HA16163. The time when the resonance voltage is at a peak is given by equation (4). From t5 onward, operation is on the same principle as in Subinterval 1 through Subinterval 5. L1 VIN SA SC SE V12 V11 VOUT Lr Cr1 SB SD Cr2 SF L2 Time: t5 REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 18 of 29 HA16163T Delay Setting Inter-output delays (TD1, TD2, TD3) are set by means of a resistance connected between the DELAY-1 (-2, -3) pin and GND. The following graph shows the relationship between the external resistance and delay. The typical value of the delay set time is given by the following equation. TD = 0.5 [pF] × RD [Ω] + 8 [ns] [s] When the RD value is small, the set time will be larger than the above calculated value due to the effect of internal delay, etc., and therefore a constant setting should be made with reference to the following graph. TD vs. RD TD (ns) 1.00E+03 HA16163 1.00E+02 (2.0V) 1.00E+01 DELAY-1 (DELAY-2) (DELAY-3) RD GND 1.00E+00 1 10 100 RD (kΩ) 1000 Figure 11 Place the resistor for connection to the DELAY-1,2,3 pin as close to the pin as is possible. Please design the pattern so that the level of cross-talk from other signals is minimized. DELAY-3 (TD3) There is a condition that secondary-side control output OUT-E and OUT-F delay TD3 is 0 s (typical) in order to prevent shorting of the transformer secondary side. The relationship between TD3 and the IC operating state is shown in the following table. Mode Light load Pulse by pulse OCL One shot OCL Definition COMP < 1.65V CS ≥ 0.4V CS ≥ 0.6V Operation of OUT-E, OUT-F TD3 = 0 TD3 = 0 Fixed low (operation halted) Note 1 2 Notes: 1. Light-load detection is performed by means of the error amplifier output voltage. Light-load detection characteristics are as shown in the following diagram. VREF FB Error Amp. − + 500μ Light Load Detector − + TD3 TD3 set value 1.25V 20k COMP 10k − + Comparator 0.4V 0 1.46V 1.55V COMP voltage Light Load Detector Characteristics RAMP 2. TD3 of the next OUT-E or OUT-F after the pulse-by-pulse current limiter (PBP OCL) operates is 0 s (typical). When OUT-C and OUT-D are subsequently inverted by the Phase Shift Comparator, not the PBP OCL, TD3 is restored to the value set by means of the DELAY-3 pin. REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 19 of 29 HA16163T Application Note: All voltage, current, time shown in the diagram are typical value. Sample application circuits are given here. Confirmatory experiments should be carried out when applying these examples to products. Slope Compensation In order to improve the unstable operation characteristic of current mode, voltage slopes in a current sense signal can be superimposed. The following is a possible slope compensation method. 5V(VREF) HA16163 OUT-A OUT-B OUT-D OUT-C Compensated signal Current sense signal RAMP Comparator − + 0.4V S Q R RES Figure 12 Driving a Pulse Transformer OUT-A through OUT-F of this IC are CMOS outputs that use Vref as their power supply. When directly driving a pulse transformer, the Vref voltage fluctuates according to the exciting current. As Vref fluctuation may make internal circuit operation unstable, direct drive of a pulse transformer should be avoided. • Case 1 (NG) The figure below shows a case where a pulse transformer is driven directly. Vref voltage fluctuation occurs due to the exciting current. HA16163 Vref value fluctuates due to this exiting current Vref Cref Internal Circuitry OUT-E Case 1 (NG) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 20 of 29 HA16163T • Case 2 The figure below shows an example in which a current amplifier is added by means of transistors. A reverse current due to the exciting current is prevented by a blocking diode, and therefore capacitance CB is charged. In this way, fluctuation of the Cref potential is suppressed and stable operation can be achieved. As well as a buffer implemented by means of a transistor, standard logic IC or buffer IC connection is also possible. The buffer circuit power supply method should be implemented in the same way. Blocking diode HA16163 CB Vref Cref Internal Circuitry OUT-E Case 2 • Case 3 The figure below shows an example of a drive power supply method using emitter following. For the same reason as described above, fluctuation of the Cref potential is suppressed and stable operation can be achieved. VCC HA16163 CB Vref Cref Internal Circuitry OUT-E Case 3 Supplying Power from an External Power Supply It is also possible to use an external source as the power supply for the HA16163T as shown in figure 13. The VREFGOOD circuit controls whether the IC is operating or stopped. The threshold voltage of the VREFGOOD circuit is 4.6 V (typ.) on the rising edge and 4.4 V on the falling edge. Since the IC’s characteristics vary with the value of the external voltage, this voltage must be provided by a high-precision 5-V source. Vcc Vext 5V ± 2% VREF HA16163T Figure 13 REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 21 of 29 HA16163T Characteristic Curves UVL Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 11.0 10.5 10.0 VH VH (V) 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 VL 7.5 7.0 –40 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Ta (°C) Standby Current vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 160 Vcc = 8.5V 140 120 Is (μA) 100 80 60 40 20 0 –40 –25 0 25 50 Ta (°C) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 22 of 29 75 100 125 HA16163T Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 12 No load on VREF pin 10 Icc (mA) 8 6 4 2 0 –40 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Ta (°C) VREF Output Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 5.20 5.15 5.10 Vref (V) 5.05 5.00 4.95 4.90 4.85 4.80 –40 –25 0 25 50 Ta (°C) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 23 of 29 75 100 125 HA16163T Remote-on Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 1.48 1.46 VON (V) 1.44 1.42 1.40 1.38 1.36 1.34 –40 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Ta (°C) Remote-off Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 1.40 1.38 VOFF (V) 1.36 1.34 1.32 1.30 1.28 1.26 –40 –25 0 25 50 Ta (°C) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 24 of 29 75 100 125 HA16163T Error Amplifier Feedback Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 1.30 FB and COMP are shorted 1.28 VFB (V) 1.26 1.24 1.22 1.20 –40 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Ta (°C) Error Amplifier Source Current vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 0 FB = 0.75V, COMP = 2V –100 ISOURCE (mA) –200 –300 –400 –500 –600 –40 –25 0 25 50 Ta (°C) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 25 of 29 75 100 125 HA16163T Error Amplifier Sink Current vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 20 FB = 1.75V, COMP = 2V 18 16 ISINK (mA) 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 –40 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Ta (°C) Soft-start Pin Current vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics –5 SS = 1V –6 –7 –8 Iss (μA) –9 –10 –11 –12 –13 –14 –15 –40 –25 0 25 50 Ta (°C) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 26 of 29 75 100 125 HA16163T Switching Frequency vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 580 560 540 fsw (kHz) 520 500 480 460 440 420 400 380 –40 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Ta (°C) TD1 Delay vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 50 45 TD1 (ns) 40 35 30 25 20 15 –40 –25 0 25 50 Ta (°C) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 27 of 29 75 100 125 HA16163T Current Sense Delay Time vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 70 60 Tpd (ns) 50 40 30 20 10 0 –40 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Ta (°C) Overcurrent Protection Delay Time vs. Ambient Temperature Characteristics 100 Tpd-cs (ns) 80 60 40 20 0 –40 –25 0 25 50 Ta (°C) REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 28 of 29 75 100 125 HA16163T Package Dimensions JEITA Package Code P-TSSOP20-4.4x6.5-0.65 RENESAS Code PTSP0020JB-A *1 Previous Code TTP-20DAV MASS[Typ.] 0.07g D F 20 NOTE) 1. DIMENSIONS"*1 (Nom)"AND"*2" DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 2. DIMENSION"*3"DOES NOT INCLUDE TRIM OFFSET. 11 c HE *2 E bp Terminal cross section ( Ni/Pd/Au plating ) Index mark Reference Dimension in Millimeters Symbol 10 1 e bp L1 x M A Z *3 A1 θ L y Detail F REJ03F0001-0600 Rev.6.00 Jul 01, 2008 Page 29 of 29 D E A2 A1 A bp b1 c c1 θ HE e x y Z L L1 Min Nom Max 6.50 6.80 4.40 0.03 0.07 0.10 1.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.10 0.15 0.20 0° 8° 6.20 6.40 6.60 0.65 0.13 0.10 0.65 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.0 Sales Strategic Planning Div. Nippon Bldg., 2-6-2, Ohte-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan Notes: 1. This document is provided for reference purposes only so that Renesas customers may select the appropriate Renesas products for their use. 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