ACST12 Transient protected AC power switch Features ■ Triac with overvoltage crowbar technology ■ Low IGT (<10 mA) or high immunity (IGT<35 mA) version ■ High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/µs OUT OUT G G OUT COM Benefits ■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 ■ High off-state reliability with planar technology ■ Need no external over voltage protection ■ Reduces the power passive component count ■ High immunity against fast transients described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards COM D²PAK ACST12-7xG TO-220AB ACST12-7xT Figure 1. Functional diagram OUT Applications ■ AC mains static switching in appliance and industrial control systems ■ Drive of medium power AC loads like: – Universal drum motor of washing machine – Compressor for fridge or air conditioner Description G COM Table 1. The ACST12 series belongs to the ACS/ACST family built with the ASD (application specific discrete) technology. This high performance device is adapted to home appliances or industrial systems and drives loads up to 12 A. Device summary Symbol Value Unit IT(RMS) 12 A VDRM/VRRM 700 V IGT 10 or 35 mA This ACST12 switch embeds a TRIAC structure and a high voltage clamping device able to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and withstand line transients such as those described in the IEC 61000-4-5 standards. The ACST12-7S needs a low gate current to be activated (IGT < 10 mA) and in the mean time provides a high electrical noise immunity such as those described in the IEC 61000-4-4 standards. The ACST12-7C offers an extremely high static dV/dt immunity of 2 kV/µs minimum. December 2008 Rev 1 1/12 www.st.com Characteristics ACST12 1 Characteristics Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values) Symbol IT(RMS) Parameter Value TO-220AB D²PAK On-state rms current full sine wave D²PAK I2t Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25 °C,( full cycle sine wave) I2t 12 A Tamb = 47 °C 2 F = 60 Hz tp = 16.7 ms 126 A F = 50 Hz tp = 20.0 ms 120 A tp = 10 ms 95 A2s Tj = 125 °C 100 A/µs with 1cm² of Cu ITSM Tc = 104 °C Unit for fuse selection dI/dt Critical rate of rise on-state current IG = 2 x IGT, (tr ≤ 100 ns) VPP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage (1) Tj = 125 °C 2 kV Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W PGM Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 10 W IGM Peak gate current (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 1 A Tstg Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 °C Operating junction temperature range - 40 to + 125 °C PG(AV) Tj F = 120 Hz 1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 19 Table 3. Electrical characteristics Value Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Unit Tj ACST12-7Sx ACST12-7Cx Unit 10 35 mA IGT(1) VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C MAX. VGT VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C MAX. 1.0 V VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 Ω I - II - III 125 °C MIN. 0.2 V IH(2) IOUT = 500 mA 25 °C MAX. 30 50 mA IL IG = 1.2 x IGT 25 °C MAX. 50 70 mA 125 °C MIN. 200 2000 V/µs MIN. 5.3 I - II - III dV/dt(2) VOUT = 67% VDRM, gate open (dI/dt)c(2) (dV/dt)c = 15 V/µs 125 °C Without snubber VCL ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms 1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max 2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin 2/12 A/ms MIN. 25 °C 14 850 V ACST12 Characteristics Table 4. Static characteristics Symbol Test conditions Value Unit VTM(1) IOUT = 17 A, tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C MAX. 1.5 V VT0(1) Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C MAX. 0.9 V Rd(1) Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C MAX. 30 mΩ IDRM IRRM 20 µA VOUT = VDRM/ VRRM 1.5 mA Value Unit Tj = 25 °C MAX. Tj = 125 °C 1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin Table 5. Thermal characteristics Symbol Parameter TO-220AB Rth(j-c) Junction to case (AC) Rth(j-a) Junction to ambient D²PAK Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation vs. on-state rms current (full cycle) 60 °C/W D²PAK with 1cm² of Cu 45 °C/W On-state rms current vs. case temperature (full cycle) IT(RMS) (A) 13 α=180 ° 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 IT(RMS)(A) TC(°C) 1 0 0 1 2 Figure 4. 3.0 °C/W TO-220AB Figure 3. P(W) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 °C/W 1.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 25 On-state rms current vs. ambient Figure 5. temperature (free air convection full cycle) IT(RMS)(A) 1.0E+00 50 75 100 125 Relative variation of thermal impedance vs. pulse duration K=[Zth/Rth] Z th(j-c) D2PAK With 1cm2 of cu Zth(j-a) 2.5 2.0 TO-220AB 1.5 1.0E-01 1.0 0.5 Tamb(°C) tp(s) 0.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03 3/12 Characteristics Figure 6. ACST12 On-state characteristics (maximum values) Figure 7. ITM (A) 1000 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current vs. number of cycles (Tj initial = 25 °C) ITSM(A) 130 120 110 t=20ms 100 90 100 One cycle Non repetitive Tj initial=25 °C 80 70 60 50 40 10 30 Tj=125 °C Tj=25 °C 20 Tj max : Vto = 0.90 V Rd = 30 mΩ VTM (V) 1 Figure 8. 3 4 1 5 10 Non repetitive surge peak on-state Figure 9. current for a sinusoidal pulse and corresponding value of I²t 2 10000 2 Number of cycles 0 1 0 Repetitive TC=104 °C 10 2 ITSM(A), I t (A s) 100 1000 Relative variation of gate triggering current (IGT) and voltage (VGT) vs. junction temperature (typical value) IGT, VGT[Tj] / IGT, VGT[Tj = 25 °C] 3.0 dI/dt limitation: 100 A/µs Tj initial=25 °C 2.5 1000 IGT Q3 ITSM IGT Q1-Q2 2.0 100 1.5 I²t 1.0 VGT Q1-Q2-Q3 10 0.5 tP(ms) 1 0.01 0.10 1.00 T j(°C) 0.0 10.00 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 10. Relative variation of holding Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of current (IH) and latching current (IL) decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs. junction temperature vs. (dV/dt)c IH,IL[Tj]/IH, IL[Tj = 25 °C] 2.5 1.6 (di/dt)c[(dV/dt)c] / Specified(di/dt)c 1.4 2.0 1.2 ACST12-7Cxx 1.0 1.5 Typical values 0.8 1.0 ACST12-7Sxx 0.6 IL 0.5 0.4 IH 0.2 Tj (°C) 0.0 -50 4/12 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0.0 0.1 (dV/dt)c (V/µs) 1 10 100 ACST12 Characteristics Figure 12. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current vs. junction temperature Figure 13. Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity vs. junction temperature (dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125°C] 11 12 10 11 9 10 dV/dt[Tj] / dV/dt[Tj=125°C] VD=VR=400 V 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 Tj(°C) Tj(°C) 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 14. Relative variation of maximum clamping voltage, VCL vs. junction temperature 1.15 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 15. Variation of thermal resistance junction to ambient vs. copper surface under tab VCL[TJ/VCL[TJ = 25 °C] Rth(j-a)(°C/W) 80 Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness = 35 µm 70 1.10 D²PAK 60 1.05 50 1.00 40 Minimum values 0.95 30 20 0.90 10 SCU(cm²) TJ(°C) 0.85 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0 5 10 15 20 5/12 Application information ACST12 2 Application information 2.1 Typical application description The ACST12 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST12 switch is able to drive, with no turn off additional snubber, an inductive load up to 12 A. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as the compressor inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its low gate triggering current level, the ACST12-7S can be driven directly by a MCU through a simple gate resistor as shown in Figure 16. Figure 16. Compressor control – typical diagram Compressor Compressor AC Mains AC Mains 2 PTC Electronic starter 1 logical circuitry PTC ACST Start switch 3 ACST Run switch ACST ACST Electronic thermostat Rg Power supply 6/12 Gate Driver Rg Power supply Gate Driver Rg ACST12 Application information Figure 17. Universal drum motor control – typical diagram Universal motor Stator Rotor 12V AC Mains Motor direction setting MCU Speed motor regulation ACST Rg Vcc MCU 2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness In comparison with standard TRIACs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST12 is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter VCL. The ACST12 switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by switching to the on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with high turn-on current rises. The test circuit of Figure 18 represents the ACST12 application, and is used to stress the ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. The ACST12 switches safely to the on state as shown in Figure 19. The ACST12 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. 7/12 Ordering information scheme ACST12 Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit Figure 19. Typical current and voltage for resistive and inductive loads for waveforms across the ACST12 IEC 61000-4-5 standards during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test R = 5 Ω, L = 2 µH, Vsurge = 2 kV Surge generator VPEAK = V CL 2kV surge VOUT Rgene Model of the load Filtering unit R L L IOUT ACST12 AC Mains C 3 Rg Ordering information scheme Figure 20. Ordering information scheme ACST 12 - 7 S G AC switch series On-state rms current 12 = 12 ARMS Repetitive peak off-state voltage 7 = 700 V Sensitivity S = 10 mA C = 35 mA Package G = D²PAK T = TO-220AB Packing TR = Tape and reel Blank : Tube 8/12 -TR ACST12 4 Package information Package information ● Epoxy meets UL94, V0 ● Recommende torque: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at www.st.com. Table 6. TO-220AB dimensions Dimensions Ref. Dia C L5 L7 L6 L2 F2 D L9 L4 Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051 D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107 E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027 F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034 F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202 G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106 H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409 L2 F M G1 Inches A H2 F1 Millimeters 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ. L4 13 14 0.511 0.551 L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116 L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620 L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259 L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154 E G M Diam. 2.6 typ. 3.75 3.85 0.102 typ. 0.147 0.151 9/12 Package information Table 7. ACST12 D2PAK dimensions Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. A E C2 L2 D L L3 Typ. Inches Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.30 4.60 0.169 0.181 A1 2.49 2.69 0.098 0.106 A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009 B 0.70 0.93 0.027 0.037 B2 1.25 C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.024 C2 1.21 1.36 0.047 0.054 D 8.95 9.35 0.352 0.368 E 10.00 10.28 0.393 0.405 G 4.88 5.28 0.192 0.208 L 15.00 15.85 0.590 0.624 L2 1.27 1.40 0.050 0.055 L3 1.40 1.75 0.055 0.069 1.40 0.048 0.055 A1 B2 R C B G A2 2mm min. FLAT ZONE V2 R V2 0.40 0° 8° Figure 21. Footprint (dimensions in mm) 16.90 10.30 5.08 1.30 8.90 10/12 3.70 0.016 0° 8° ACST12 5 Ordering information Ordering information Table 8. Ordering information Order code Marking ACST12-7CT ACST12-7CG Package Weight Base qty Packing mode TO-220AB ACST127C ACST12-7CG-TR Tube D PAK 1.5 g 50 Tube D2 1.5 g 1000 Tape and reel TO-220AB ACST127S ACST12-7SG-TR 6 50 PAK ACST12-7ST ACST12-7SG 2.3 g 2 2.3 g 50 Tube D2 PAK 1.5 g 50 Tube D2PAK 1.5 g 1000 Tape and reel Revision history Table 9. Date 02-Dec-2008 Document revision history Revision 1 Changes First issue 11/12 ACST12 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. 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