User's Guide
SCPU034 – December 2011
TCA7408EVM,TCA5405EVM
This user’s guide describes the characteristics, setup and use of the TCA7408EVM/TCA5405EVM
Evaluation Module (EVM). This user’s guide includes set-up instructions, a schematic diagram, a bill of
materials, printed-circuit board layout drawings, software instructions, and operation instructions.
1
2
3
4
5
Contents
Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1
Features ............................................................................................................. 2
1.2
TPL0401A/B ........................................................................................................ 2
1.3
TCA5405 ............................................................................................................ 2
1.4
TCA7408 ............................................................................................................ 2
1.5
TLC59108 ........................................................................................................... 2
1.6
Requirements ....................................................................................................... 2
Setup ......................................................................................................................... 3
2.1
Connectors and Jumpers ......................................................................................... 3
2.2
Hardware Setup .................................................................................................... 4
Operation ..................................................................................................................... 4
MSP430 Code ............................................................................................................... 4
4.1
TCA5405 ............................................................................................................ 4
Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials ................................................................................ 6
5.1
Schematics .......................................................................................................... 6
5.2
Layout ............................................................................................................... 9
5.3
Bill of Materials .................................................................................................... 13
List of Figures
1
Data Flow for TCA5405 .................................................................................................... 4
2
TCA5405, TCA7408 Schematic ........................................................................................... 6
3
TLC59108 Schematic
4
TPL0401 Schematic ........................................................................................................ 8
5
Routing, Assembly and Silkscreen Top .................................................................................. 9
6
Layer 2 Power Plane ...................................................................................................... 10
7
Layer 3 Ground Plane
8
......................................................................................................
....................................................................................................
Routing and Assembly Bottom ..........................................................................................
7
11
12
List of Tables
1
1
Description of Connectors and Jumpers ................................................................................. 3
2
TCA7408EVM/TCA5405EVM Bill of Material .......................................................................... 13
Introduction
The TCA7408-5405EVM is designed to show the used of multiple TI products on a single evaluation
board. It shows how the single-wire 5-bit output expander TCA5405 is used to generate LED blinking
functions. The Single wire interface is implemented using a single GPIO port on the MSP430, and very
simple firmware embedded in the device. The TCA7408 GPIO expander is used to an input handler, that
detects Key presses and notifies the MSP430. The EVM also has the TPL0401 that is used for RGB color
mixing in conjunction with the TLC59108.
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Introduction
1.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
1.2
www.ti.com
Works with MSP430 Launchpad
Illustrates the use of TPL0401DPOT for color mixing
TCA7408 used for Key press detection
Shows the use of Single wire self timed interface in TCA5405
Color mixing and LED blinking control
TPL0401A/B
The TPL0401 is an I2C bus controlled, single channel, linear-taper digital potentiometer with 128 wiper
positions. TPL0401A/B have an end-to-end resistance of 10k ohms and the low terminal internally
connected to ground.
1.3
TCA5405
The TCA5405 is a 5-bit output expander controlled using a single wire input. This device is ideal for
portable applications as it has a wide VCC range of 1.65V to 3.6 V. The TCA5405 uses a self-timed serial
data protocol with a single data input driven by a master device synchronized to an internal clock of that
device.
1.4
TCA7408
This 8-bit I/O expander for the two-line bidirectional bus (I2C) is designed to provide general-purpose
remote I/O expansion via the I2C interface [serial clock (SCL) and serial data (SDA)]. The major benefit of
this device is its wide VCC range. It can operate from 1.65-V to 3.6-V on the GPIO-port side and 1.65-V to
5.5-V on the SDA/SCL side. This allows the TCA7408 to interface with next-generation microprocessors
and microcontrollers on the SDA/SCL side, where supply levels are dropping down to conserve power.
The TCA7408 open-drain interrupt (INT) output is activated when any GPIO set as an input has a
transition to the state opposite of that in the Input Default State register and the corresponding bit in the
Interrupt Mask Register is set to 0. It is used to indicate to the system master that an input has changed to
a pre-determined state.
1.5
TLC59108
The TLC59108 is an I2C bus controlled 8-bit LED driver that is optimized for red/green/blue/amber (RGBA)
color mixing and backlight application for amusement products. Each LED output has its own 8-bit
resolution (256 steps) fixed-frequency individual PWM controller that operates at 97 kHz, with a duty cycle
that is adjustable from 0% to 99.6%. The individual PWM controller allows each LED to be set to a specific
brightness value. An additional 8-bit resolution group PWM controller has both a fixed frequency of 190 Hz
and an adjustable frequency between 24 Hz to once every 10.73 seconds, with a duty cycle that is
adjustable from 0% to 99.6%. The group PWM controller dims or blinks all LEDs with the same value.
TLC59108 scales up the reference current set by the external resistor (Rext) to sink the output current
(Iout) at each output port.
1.6
Requirements
In order to operate this EVM, the following components must be connected and properly configured.
1.6.1
LaunchPad
A Texas Instruments LaunchPad (MSP-EXP430G2) with the male headers and an MSP430G2553
microcontroller installed is required to run the board. A LaunchPad can be acquired here
(https://estore.ti.com/MSP-EXP430G2-MSP430-LaunchPad-Value-Line-Development-kit-P2031.aspx)
NOTE: IMPORTANT: The code to control the TCA7408EVM/TCA5405EVM was written from an
MSP430G2553 and will not work with the MSP430 chips that are included with the
LaunchPad kit.
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Setup
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1.6.2
Power Supply (*Optional)
To ensure correct functionality of the LEDs a 5V supply at 300mA is recommended (refer to note in
section 2.3.1). If not using a USB cable to power the LaunchPad a 3.3V power supply at 200mA is
required.
2
Setup
This section describes the jumpers and connectors on the EVM.
2.1
2.1.1
Connectors and Jumpers
J1 & J2 – LaunchPad Headers
These connectors mate with the male headers on the LaunchPad.
2.1.2
J3 – External LED Power
This connector is where the external +5V supply is attached to power the two RGB LEDs.
2.1.3
J4 – TCA7408 GPIO
This is a pin out of the four unused GPIO pins from the TCA7408, GPIO4-GPIO7.
2.1.4
J5 – Feedback loop
For the TPL0401A to function as a voltage reference circuit the negative feedback loop must be shorted,
placing a jumper across this header will short the inverting input to the output.
2.1.5
J6 – LED or Op-amp
This header controls what the TPL0401B is attached to. When shorted across position 1 and 2 the
TPL0401B is connected in series with the external resistor to control the current through the LED driver.
When shorted across position 2 and 3 the TPL0401B is connected to the inverting input of the op-amp to
change the gain of the circuit.
2.1.6
J7 – Op-amp input
This header controls the input to the non-inverting pin of the LMV321. When shorted across position 1 and
2, the TPL0401A in a voltage divider mode is attached to the non-inverting input of the LVM321. This
setup is used to test the voltage reference setup. When shorted across pins 2 and 3, the SMA connector
is attached to the non-inverting input.
2.1.7
J9 – Test Points
This connector offers test points for the serial data lines, SDA, SCL and the DIN that drives the TCA5405.
Table 1. Description of Connectors and Jumpers
Label Description
J1, J2 Connectors to interface with LaunchPad
J3
External 5V for LED
J4
GPIO4-GPIO7 from TCA7408
J5
Control jumper to short feedback loop
J6
Jumper to control LED or Op-Amp
J7
Jumper to control input to Op-Amp
J8
SMA/B Footprint for external input
J9
Test points for DIN, SDA and SCL
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Operation
2.2
www.ti.com
Hardware Setup
There are three different modes that the EVM can be used in, LED mode, Voltage reference mode, and
Variable gain mode. To setup any of these three modes, begin by connecting the EVM to the LaunchPad.
Note the location of the VCC and GND pins on headers J1 and J2 on both the LaunchPad and the EVM to
ensure correct installation.
Install a shorting jumper across pins 1 and 2 of J6. Connect an external +5V supply to J3 and either
connect the LaunchPad to a computer through USB or connect a 3.3V power supply to J6* on the
LaunchPad to power it up.
NOTE: : It can be possible to power up the LEDs by connecting a wire from the VCC pin of J6 on
the LaunchPad to the positive pin of J3. A 5V supply might be required because the max
voltage drop across the blue LED plus the drop across the TLC59108 is larger than the
supply voltage of the LaunchPad.
3
Operation
The TCA5405 will control when D1-D5 light up. TPL0401B is connected in series to the REXT of the
TLC59108 LED driver this setup will control D6 and D7. Each color is set to a fixed PWM to ensure
baseline brightness is similar. Color mixing is then accomplished through unique methods. The desired
current is set by changing the W-L resistance of the TPL0401B and the desired LED is switched on. This
repeats for the other colors and then starts over. The LEDs are multiplexed at about 1000 Hz.
After setting up the EVM as described in section 2.3.1, LEDs D1-D5 should be blinking and D6 and D7 will
be blue. To increase the speed at which D1-D5 blink press SW1 and to decrease the speed press SW2.
There are 25 different colors that can be created with D6-7 starting with blue and ending with green. To
step through the colors from blue to green press S4. To step through the colors from green to blue press
S3.
4
MSP430 Code
4.1
TCA5405
Within the source code for the MSP430 there are two different methods to handle sending data to the
TCA5405. This section will explain how the TCA5405 functions and how the MSP430G2xx3 code works.
Figure 1. Data Flow for TCA5405
4
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MSP430 Code
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4.1.1
TC5405 Overview
As shown in Figure 1, a ten bit serial transfer is required to set the five outputs on the TCA5405. The first
four bits, 0101 (S0-S3), act as a start flag for the TCA5405. S0 is a start bit and S1-S3 are the clock sense
bits for the TCA5405. The next five bits (D4-D0) are the data bits associated with each of the outputs. The
tenth bit returns the serial line back to high to ready the TCA5405 for the next input.
In the source code there are two methods to handle this communication. These functions are located in
Single_Wire.c
1. Use a GPIO (general purpose input/output) and a clock delay to emulate S0-D0.
2. Use one of the MSP430 timers to change the output at a specified bit interval.
4.1.2
bit_bang_TCA5405_byte(unsigned char byte)
The function bi_bang_TCA5405_byte(unsigned char byte) will emulate the required ten bits for
communication with the TCA5405. This function works very simply by driving a GPIO pin to high or low
and utilizing the _delay_cycles() function to hold the value. After each assert on the GPIO pin a
_delay_cycles(16) is called to wait roughly 2 microseconds before the next bit. The section that handles
the data bits (D4-D0) only uses a _delay_cycles(10) function; this is to adjust for the time spent on if
statements.
4.1.3
send_TCA5405_byte
The function send_TCA5405_byte(unsigned char byte) along with 5405_Timer_ISR() implements the
required serial data by using one of the MSP430 timers. When a byte is sent to send_TCA5405_byte(),
the function adds the start flag (S0-S3) to the beginning and the stop bit (1) to the end (LSB), stores the
new value to a global variable, and enables the timer interrupts. After a set number of clock cycles defined
by NEXT_BIT_TIME, 5405_Timer_ISR() is called and adjusts the output of the P2.0 accordingly.
NOTE: The start flag S0-S3 is hard coded into each of these methods
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Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
www.ti.com
5
Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
5.1
Schematics
Figure 2. TCA5405, TCA7408 Schematic
6
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Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
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Figure 3. TLC59108 Schematic
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Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
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Figure 4. TPL0401 Schematic
8
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Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
www.ti.com
5.2
Layout
Figure 5. Routing, Assembly and Silkscreen Top
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Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
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Figure 6. Layer 2 Power Plane
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Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
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Figure 7. Layer 3 Ground Plane
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Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
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Figure 8. Routing and Assembly Bottom
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Schematics, Layout, and Bill of Materials
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5.3
Bill of Materials
Table 2. TCA7408EVM/TCA5405EVM Bill of Material
Qty
RefDes
Value
Description
4
C1-4
0.1µ
Capacitor, Ceramic
Part Number
MFG
1
C5
10µ
Capacitor, Ceramic
1
C6
Capacitor, Ceramic
1
J8
Connector, SMA , Straight, PC
mount
901-144-8RFX
AMP
5
D1-5
SML-P12PTT86
Diode, LED, GREEN 2.2V
20mA
SML-P12PTT86
ROHM
2
D6-7
APF3236SURKZGQ
BDC
LED SMD TRI Color
APF3236SURKZGQBDC
Kingbright
2
J3 J5
Header, Male 2-pin, 100mil
spacing
Sullins
2
J6-7
Header, Male 3-pin, 100mil
spacing
Sullins
1
J4
Header, Male 4-pin, 100mil
spacing
Sullins
2
J1-2
1
J9
PPTC101LFBN-RC
Header, Female 10-pin, 100mil
spacing
Notes
DNI
PPTC101LFBN-RC
DNI
Sullins
Header, Male 2x3-pin, 100mil
spacing
Sullins
2
R15-16
100k
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W 5%
10
R1-R4 R11
R13-R14
R17-R19
10k
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W 5%
5
R5-9
200
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W 1%
1
R10
250
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1%
1
R12
{value}
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 5%
1
TP2
5001
Test Point, Black, Thru Hole
Color Keyed
5001
Keystone
1
TP1
5013
Test Point, Orange, Thru Hole
5013
Keystone
4
S1-4
EVQ221304M
Switch, SPST, 20-mA, 15-V
EVQ21304M; EVQ21305R;
EVQ21307K
Panasoni
c
1
U3
LMV321IDBVR
IC Low Power Single Op-amp
LMV321IDBVR
TI
1
U4
TCA5405RUG
IC, Low Voltage 5-Bit
Self-Timed, Single-Wire Output
Expander
TCA5405RUG
TI
1
U2
TCA7408ZSZ
IC, Low-Voltage 8-Bit I2C and
SMBus I/O Expander
TCA7408ZSZ
TI
1
U1
TLC59108RGY
IC, 8-BIT Fm+ I2C-Bus
Constant-Current LED Sink
Driver
TLC59108RGY
TI
1
U5
TPL0401ADCK
IC, Digital POT, 1Chan,
128Tap
TPL0401ADCK
TI
1
U6
TPL0401BDCK
IC, Digital POT, 1Chan,
128Tap
TPL0401BDCK
TI
DNI
DNI
Prefer EVQ21304M
if unavailable use
305R or 307K
empty paragraph
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