PHILIPS SAA4990H

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
DATA SHEET
SAA4990H
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
Preliminary specification
File under Integrated Circuits, IC02
1996 Oct 25
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
FEATURES
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
• Progressive scan conversion
(262.5 to 525 or 312.5 to 625 lines/field)
The Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise reduction IC,
abbreviated as PROZONIC, is designed for applications
together with:
• Field rate up-conversion (50 to 100 Hz or 60 to 120 Hz)
• Line flicker reduction
SAA4951WP Economy Controller (ECO3)
• Noise and cross-colour reduction
SAA4952H (memory controller)
• Variable vertical sample rate conversion
SAA7158WP Back END IC (BENDIC)
• Movie phase detection
SAA4995WP PANorama IC (PANIC)
• Synchronous No parity Eight bit Reception and
Transmission (SNERT) interface.
SAA4970T ECOnomical video processing Back END IC
(ECOBENDIC)
TMS4C2970/71 (serial field memories)
TDA8755/8753A (A/D converter 4 : 1 : 1 format)
83C652/54 type of microcontroller.
QUICK REFERENCE DATA
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN.
MAX.
UNIT
VDDD
digital supply voltage
4.5
5.5
V
Tamb
operating ambient temperature
0
70
°C
ORDERING INFORMATION
TYPE
NUMBER
SAA4990H
1996 Oct 25
PACKAGE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
VERSION
QFP80 plastic quad flat package; 80 leads (lead length 1.95 mm); body 14 × 20 × 2.8 mm SOT318-2
2
REFORMATTER
NOISE
REDUCTION
YUVB
UV2
12
LINE
MEMORY 2
MIXER
LINE
MEMORY 1
LINE
MEMORY 3
MIXER
FORMATTER
REFORMATTER
4
12
Y1
LINE
MEMORY 2
MEDIAN
FILTER
8
Y2
8
3
4
FORMATTER
NOISE
REDUCTION
LINE
MEMORY 1
YUVD
LINE
MEMORY 3
MIXER
Philips Semiconductors
UV1
4
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
12
BLOCK DIAGRAM
dbook, full pagewidth
1996 Oct 25
YUVA
8
SAA4990H
YUVC
12
8
MOVIE
PHASE
DETECTOR
MICROPROCESSOR
INTERFACE
(SNERT)
CONTROL BLOCK
3
VD, HD
MGE024
RE, WE
SAA4990H
Fig.1 Block diagram.
CK
2
Preliminary specification
SNCL, SNDA,
SNRST
2
3
RE1
RE2
WE2
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
PINNING
SYMBOL
PIN
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
TEST1/AP
1
input
action pin for testing, to be connected to VSS
TEST2/SP
2
input
shift pin for testing, to be connected to VSS
RE1
3
output
read enable to FM1
VSS1
4
ground
ground 1
VDD1
5
supply
supply voltage 1
YUVC7
6
output
Y bit 7 to FM2
YUVC6
7
output
Y bit 6 to FM2
YUVC5
8
output
Y bit 5 to FM2
YUVC4
9
output
Y bit 4 to FM2
YUVC3
10
output
Y bit 3 to FM2
VSS2
11
ground
ground 2
VDD2
12
supply
supply voltage 2
YUVC2
13
output
Y bit 2 to FM2
YUVC1
14
output
Y bit 1 to FM2
YUVC0
15
output
Y bit 0 to FM2
YUVC11
16
output
UV bit 3 to FM2
YUVC10
17
output
UV bit 2 to FM2
YUVC9
18
output
UV bit 1 to FM2
YUVC8
19
output
UV bit 0 to FM2
CK
20
input
master clock, nominal 27 or 32 MHz
VSS3
21
ground
ground 3
VDD3
22
supply
supply voltage 3
WE2
23
output
write enable to FM2
RE2
24
output
read enable to FM2
YUVB8
25
input
UV bit 0 from FM2
YUVB9
26
input
UV bit 1 from FM2
YUVB10
27
input
UV bit 2 from FM2
YUVB11
28
input
UV bit 3 from FM2
YUVB0
29
input
Y bit 0 from FM2
YUVB1
30
input
Y bit 1 from FM2
YUVB2
31
input
Y bit 2 from FM2
YUVB3
32
input
Y bit 3 from FM2
VDD4
33
supply
supply voltage 4
VSS4
34
ground
ground 4
YUVB4
35
input
Y bit 4 from FM2
YUVB5
36
input
Y bit 5 from FM2
YUVB6
37
input
Y bit 6 from FM2
YUVB7
38
input
Y bit 7 from FM2
RE
39
input
master read enable
VD
40
input
field frequent reset, vertical display
1996 Oct 25
4
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SYMBOL
PIN
SAA4990H
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
HD
41
input
horizontal reference signal
YUVD8
42
output
UV bit 0
YUVD9
43
output
UV bit 1
YUVD10
44
output
UV bit 2
VDD5
45
supply
supply voltage 5
VSS5
46
ground
ground 5
YUVD11
47
output
UV bit 3
YUVD0
48
output
Y bit 0
YUVD1
49
output
Y bit 1
YUVD2
50
output
Y bit 2
VDD6
51
supply
supply voltage 6
VSS6
52
ground
ground 6
YUVD3
53
output
Y bit 3
YUVD4
54
output
Y bit 4
YUVD5
55
output
Y bit 5
YUVD6
56
output
Y bit 6
YUVD7
57
output
Y bit 7
VDD7
58
supply
supply voltage 7
VSS7
59
ground
ground 7
SNRST
60
input
field frequent reset from microcontroller; reset for SNERT interface
SNDA
61
I/O
data for SNERT interface
SNCL
62
input
clock for SNERT interface
AUX
63
output
spare output from line-sequencer
HO
64
output
output hold to e.g. LC display
n.c.
65
−
not connected
n.c.
66
−
not connected
YUVA7
67
input
Y bit 7 from FM1
YUVA6
68
input
Y bit 6 from FM1
YUVA5
69
input
Y bit 5 from FM1
YUVA4
70
input
Y bit 4 from FM1
YUVA3
71
input
Y bit 3 from FM1
YUVA2
72
input
Y bit 2 from FM1
VSS8
73
ground
ground 8
VDD8
74
supply
supply voltage 8
YUVA1
75
input
Y bit 1 from FM1
YUVA0
76
input
Y bit 0 from FM1
YUVA11
77
input
UV bit 3 from FM1
YUVA10
78
input
UV bit 2 from FM1
YUVA9
79
input
UV bit 1 from FM1
YUVA8
80
input
UV bit 0 from FM1
1996 Oct 25
5
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
65 n.c.
66 n.c.
67 YUVA7
68 YUVA6
69 YUVA5
70 YUVA4
71 YUVA3
72 YUVA2
SAA4990H
73 VSS8
74 VDD8
75 YUVA1
76 YUVA0
77 YUVA11
78 YUVA10
80 YUVA8
handbook, full pagewidth
79 YUVA9
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
TEST1/AP
1
64 HO
TEST2/SP
2
63 AUX
RE1
3
62 SNCL
VSS1
4
61 SNDA
VDD1
5
60 SNRST
YUVC7
6
59 VSS7
YUVC6
7
58 VDD7
YUVC5
8
57 YUVD7
YUVC4
9
56 YUVD6
YUVC3 10
55 YUVD5
VSS2 11
54 YUVD4
VDD2 12
53 YUVD3
SAA4990H
YUVC2 13
52 VSS6
YUVC1 14
51 VDD6
YUVC0 15
50 YUVD2
YUVC11 16
49 YUVD1
YUVC10 17
48 YUVD0
YUVC9 18
47 YUVD11
YUVC8 19
46 VSS5
CK 20
45 VDD5
Fig.2 Pin configuration.
1996 Oct 25
6
VD 40
RE 39
YUVB7 38
YUVB6 37
YUVB5 36
YUVB4 35
VSS4 34
VDD4 33
YUVB3 32
41 HD
YUVB2 31
RE2 24
YUVB1 30
42 YUVD8
YUVB0 29
WE2 23
YUVB11 28
43 YUVD9
YUVB10 27
VDD3 22
YUVB9 26
44 YUVD10
YUVB8 25
VSS3 21
MGE023
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Field rate up-conversion with line flicker reduction
The line flicker reduction in conjunction with field rate
up-conversion is performed by generating a 50 Hz
interlace on the 100 Hz field rate display. Median filtering
supplies the data for the interlaced output fields.
frame l, k = 2
frame l, k = 1
handbook, halfpage
fieldA
n
fieldB
n,m
fieldA
m,n
fieldB
m
DEFINITIONS
Framel: l is the number of an input/output frame
temporarily combinating an A and B field.
x
Field n : x is the field raster where A means an odd field and
B means an even field.
Framel, k: l is the number of an output frame temporarily
combinating an origin/interpolated A and B field;
k indicates the origin input field with
k = 1: odd input field and raster A
k = 2: even input field and raster B within framel.
t
MGE026
y
x
Field n, m : n, m = lines of fieldn, m are interpolated by
2 lines of fieldn and 1 line of fieldm using the median filter
(see Fig.3); x is the field raster where A means an odd field
and B means an even field.
B
Fig.3 Generation of field n, m (median filter).
frame1
handbook, full pagewidth
frame2
fieldB
2
fieldA
1
fieldA
3
fieldB
4
input
1fH, 1fv
median
median
median
median
output
2fH, 2fv
fieldA
1
fieldB
1, 2
frame1, 1
fieldA
2, 1
fieldB
2
frame1, 2
fieldA
3
fieldB
3, 4
frame2, 1
fieldA
4, 3
fieldB
4
frame2, 2
MGE027
Fig.4 Scan rate up-conversion.
1996 Oct 25
7
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
Progressive scan
NON-INTERLACE MODE
Progressive scan conversion produces a double number
of lines per field on the output. The field frequency is not
changed, while the line frequency is doubled.
With non-interlaced progressive scan output, line flicker is
removed because interlace is removed.
INTERLACE MODE
Processing for progressive scan is different for two
successive output fields, e.g. the first output field has a
median operation on the odd lines, while the second has
the median operation on the even lines.
With interlaced progressive scan the output line structure
and line flicker is less visible (projection TV).
PROGRESSIVE SCAN CONVERSION
frame1
handbook, full pagewidth
frame2
fieldB
2
fieldA
1
fieldB
4
fieldA
3
fieldA
5
output
1fH, 1fv
median
median
median
median
output
2fH, 1fv
fieldA
1
fieldB
1, 2
fieldB
2
frame1, 1
fieldA
2,3
fieldA
3
frame1, 2
fieldB
3, 4
fieldA
4,5
fieldB
4
frame2, 1
frame2, 2
a. Non-interlaced output; (625/50/1:1) or (525/60/1:1):
frame1, 1
frame1, 2
frame2, 1
frame2, 2
b. Interlaced output; (1250/50/2:1) or (1050/60/2:1):
fieldB
1,2
fieldA
1,1
fieldB
2,2
fieldA
2,1
frame1
frame2
Fig.5 Progressive scan conversion.
1996 Oct 25
8
MGE028
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
Two operating modes can be used in principal: the fixed
and the adaptive mode (see Table 6).
To latter remark, note that recursion is done over a field,
and the pixel positions one field apart always have a
vertical offset of one frame line. So averaging is not only
done in the dimension of time but also in the vertical
direction. Therefore averaging vertically on e.g. a vertical
black to white edge would provide a grey result if this was
not adapted for.
In the fixed mode, the averaging produces a constant
linear combination of the inputs. Except for k = 1, the fixed
mode should not be used for normal operation, because of
its smearing effects.
The averaging in chrominance is slaved to the luminance
averaging. This implies that differences in the
chrominance are not taken into account for the k-factor
setting.
In the adaptive mode, the averaging ratio switches softly
on the basis of absolute differences in luminance among
the inputs. When the absolute difference is low, only a
small part of the fresh data will be added. When the
difference is high, much of the fresh data will be taken.
This occurs in either the situation of movement or where a
significant vertical contrast is seen.
The noise reduction scheme effectively decreases both
noise and cross-colour patterns.
Noise and cross-colour reduction
The noise reduction is field recursive with an average ratio
between fresh and over previous fields averaged
luminance and chrominance.
The cross-colour pattern does not produce an increase of
the measured luminance difference, therefore this pattern
will be averaged over many fields.
YA
handbook, full pagewidth
k
Yout
(1)
FIELD
MEMORY
YB
TF1
FILTER
TF2
LIMITER
FILTER
MULTIPLIER
(2)
k-CURVE
(3)
MGE029
(1) Yout = YA × k + YB × (1 − k).
(2) see Table 9.
(3) see Fig.11.
Fig.6 Noise reduction scheme.
1996 Oct 25
9
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
Vertical sample rate conversion
Movie phase detection
The variable vertical sample rate conversion is performed
on top of the noise reduced and progressively scanned
data.
While processing video, that was originally film
(25 movement phases per second in the case of 50 Hz
field rates), median filtering is not needed when fields are
combined that have the same movement phase. As this
phase is not generally known, the PROZONIC has a
detection circuit to help determine it. The detection is
based on measurement of absolute luminance differences
between successive input fields, pixel by pixel. These
differences are summed over all active video and give a
number every field. In case of video from film with sufficient
movement, the measured number will alternately be HIGH
and LOW. With the controlling microcontroller, this data
can be filtered appropriately to switch to movie processing
in the correct phase.
The vertical sample rate conversion is intended to cope
with the various letter box formats, to be displayed on
displays with e.g. 16:9 aspect ratio. For this sample rate
conversion, which usually has both a vertical and a
horizontal component, the vertical sample rate conversion
is taken care of in the PROZONIC, while the horizontal
compression can be done in e.g. TDA8753A or
SAA4995WP.
The vertical sample rate conversion can also be used to
convert from an NTSC 525 lines source to a 625 line
display, by setting a vertical sample rate conversion factor
of 6⁄5 and necessarily some line-time reduction.
The PROZONIC has a provision to generate a rectangular
box, which is position and size programmable. This box
can be used to enable the measurement in the movie
phase detection circuit, only within this rectangle.
Otherwise, the active video part in a field is marked with a
derivative of the RE pulse.
Conversion from 625 to 525 lines is possible with
progressive scan output, by setting a vertical sample rate
conversion of 5⁄6.
The principle of vertical sample rate conversion is based
on linear interpolation from two successive lines of video in
a frame to produce an output line in either a field or a
frame.
Box generation
A rectangular box is defined by the coordinates of the
left-upper edge (hor_start_box, vert_start_box) and the
right-lower edge (hor_stop_box, vert_stop_box). The
reference for the coordinates are the HD positive edge
(with some processing delay) for the horizontal direction
and the VD positive edge for the vertical.
The vertical sample rate conversion factor can be switched
to the following settings for increasing the number of
output lines w.r.t. the number of input lines; see Table 1.
Table 1
Vertical sample rate conversion factor
INPUT LINES
OUTPUT LINES
FACTOR
2
2
1.00
14
16
1.14
12
14
1.16
10
12
1.20
8
10
1.25
6
8
1.33
10
14
1.40
4
6
1.50
10
16
1.60
6
10
1.67
8
14
1.75
2
4
2.00
The box can serve the following purposes:
• Switch between adaptive and fixed k in noise reduction.
If k-fixed is set to 0, then the box switches between
adaptive noise reduced and fully still picture areas. This
provides an option for producing multi picture (still)
images. If no noise reduction is desired in the area
where NR is adaptive, the adaptive setting can be
programmed with k steps to all zeros.
• Switch the movie phase detect measurement to a
defined area of the video.
Decreasing the number of lines on the display w.r.t. the
number of input lines is only possible with progressive
scan output.
1996 Oct 25
10
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
RE2
Read enable for FM2, processed from RE by PROZONIC.
handbook, halfpage
vert_start_box
vert_stop_box
hor_start_box
hor_stop_box
,,,,,
,,,,,
,,,,,
WE2
Write enable for FM2, processed from RE by PROZONIC.
HO
Holds the writing of the LC display when active.
AUX
MGE033
Spare output from line-sequencer.
VD
Field frequent reset signal, used in PROZONIC to reset
line counting for boxing. The rising edge of VD is taken as
reference. This may be the display related vertical pulse.
Fig.7 Box dimensions and position.
Control and microcontroller (SNERT-) interface
SNRST
CONTROL SIGNALS
Field frequent asynchronous reset signal, used in
PROZONIC to reset the communication with
microcontroller. After the rising edge of SNRST,
communication is in its defined state. SNRST is also used
to define the initial phase of the line-sequencer.
CK
Line-locked clock of nominal 27 or 32 MHz. This is the
system clock, nominally 864 or 1024 × fh, where fh is the
line frequency. Within the PROZONIC, CK is distributed to
different blocks.
SNCL
microcontroller interface clock signal. This signal is
transferred asynchronous to CK by a microcontroller
(UART of 8051 family, mode 0) as communication clock
signal at a frequency of 1 MHz.
HD
Horizontal reference signal. This signal defines with its
rising edge the start phase of the UV 4 : 1 : 1 format. If the
HD signal has a period equal to 4 clock periods, the UV
data will remain in phase without disruptions, once it has
become in phase. For any mismatch between the applied
HD to the UV data phase, an appropriate HD delay can be
set in the PROZONIC. HD is also used to count lines for
boxing.
SNDA
microcontroller interface data signal. This signal is
transferred or received (asynchronous to CK) by a
microcontroller (UART of 8051 family, mode 0) as
communication data signal at 1 MBaud, related to SNCL.
RE
EXTERNAL CONTROL
Master read enable from memory controller or
ECOBENDIC. This signal controls the memory read
enable if only one field memory is present. To control two
field memories, the PROZONIC generates RE1, RE2 and
WE2 from RE. The vertical sample rate conversion
function has a major influence on these signals.
The PROZONIC is controlled via the microcontroller
(SNERT) interface, by sending an address byte and a data
byte to it, with the controllable items as in the register
descriptions in Tables 2 and 3.
RE1
Read enable for FM1, processed from RE by PROZONIC.
1996 Oct 25
11
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
Table 2
SAA4990H
Write registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
Register 10H to 13H (Kstep)
10H
11H
12H
13H
0 to 3 Kstep0
step in adaptive curve from k = 1⁄16 to k = 1⁄8; weight of 1
4 to 7 Kstep1
step in adaptive curve from k = 1⁄8 to k = 2⁄8; weight of 1
0 to 3 Kstep2
step in adaptive curve from k = 2⁄8 to k = 3⁄8; weight of 2
4 to 7 Kstep3
step in adaptive curve from k = 3⁄8 to k = 4⁄8; weight of 2
0 to 3 Kstep4
step in adaptive curve from k = 4⁄8 to k = 5⁄8; weight of 4
4 to 7 Kstep5
step in adaptive curve from k = 5⁄8 to k = 6⁄8; weight of 4
0 to 3 Kstep6
step in adaptive curve from k = 6⁄8 to k = 7⁄8; weight of 8
4 to 7 Kstep7
step in adaptive curve from k = 7⁄8 to k = 8⁄8; weight of 8
Register 14H (fixed_k)
14H
0 to 3 fixed_k
determines k value in fixed k mode; see Table 8
4 to 5 mult
weighting of TF2 output; see Table 9
6
_upbox
microcontroller (_upbox = 0) or box controlled (_upbox = 1); see Table 6
7
_adfix
adaptive (_adfix = 0) or fixed k (_adfix = 1); see Table 6
Register 15H (Tfilter)
15H
0 to 1 Tfilter1_select determines filter1 characteristic; see Table 5
2 to 7 Tfilter2_select determines filter2 characteristic; see Table 7
Register 16H (hor_start_box)
16H
0 to 7 hor_start_box
horizontal start position of box w.r.t. picture
Register 17H (hor_stop_box)
17H
0 to 7 hor_stop_box
horizontal stop position of box w.r.t. picture
Register 18H and 19H (vert_start_box)
18H (bit 8 = 0)
19H (bit 8 = 1)
0 to 7 vert_start_box vertical start position of box w.r.t. picture; bit 8 (MSB) is encoded in the
address
Register 1AH and 1BH (vert_stop_box)
1AH (bit 8 = 0)
1BH (bit 8 = 1)
0 to 7 vert_stop_box vertical stop position of box w.r.t. picture; bit 8 (MSB) is encoded in the
address
Register 1CH (box generation and UV processing)
1CH
0
UV8bit
U/V signals are taken from input as 8-bit values instead of 7-bit
1
UVbin
U/V signals are taken from input as binary signals instead of
twos complement
2
inv_box
inversion of box signal (inv_box = 1)
3
en_box
overall enable box signal
4
en_box_mpd
enable box signal to define movie phase detection area
5
boxPSC
box generation for progressive scan with more than 511 lines
6, 7
reserved
Register 1DH (reserved)
1996 Oct 25
12
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
REGISTER
BIT
SAA4990H
NAME
FUNCTION
Register 1EH (horizontal delay)
1EH
0 to 2 in_del
programmable horizontal delay (0 to 7 clock periods) of the luminance data
input in comparison to the U/V data input (from FM1)
3, 4
HD_del
determines 1 to 4 clock pulse shift for horizontal reference HD
5, 6
WE2_del
determines 1 to 4 clock pulse shift for WE2 output
7
reserved
Register 1FH (sequence data)
1FH
0 to 2 mix
setting of mixer to 0, 1⁄4, 1⁄4, 1⁄2, 1⁄2, 3⁄4, 3⁄4, 1; setting per line in 1 to 16 lines
of line sequencer
3
post_zoom
setting of multiplexer pre or post LM_zoom to MIX; setting per line in
1 to 16 lines of line sequencer
4
post_lfr
setting of multiplexer pre or post LM_lfr to MIX; setting per line in
1 to 16 lines of line sequencer
5
mem_hold
setting of field and line memory hold; setting per line in 1 to 16 lines of line
sequencer
6
o_hold
setting of output hold, may stop e.g. LC display; setting per line in
1 to 16 lines of line sequencer
7
aux
setting of auxiliary sequencer output signal; setting per line in 1 to 16 lines
of line sequencer
Register 20H (sequence length)
20H
0 to 3 seq_length
setting of sequence length to 1, 2, 3 to 16 lines
4 to 7
reserved
Register 21H (field control 1); note 1
21H
0
FCM4
see Fig.12 and Table 10
1
FCM23
2
FCM1
3, 4
fixselUV
defines UV data output; see Fig.12 and Table 11
5, 6
fixselY
defines Y data output; see Fig.12 and Table 11
7
RAM1wr
selects RAM1 for write operation; note 2; see Fig.13
Register 22H (field control 2); note 1
22H
0
WE2act
activates field controlled write enable 2 for FM2
1, 2
RE1del
line delay for read enable 1 (FM1) w.r.t. RE input (pin 39)
3, 4
RE2del
line delay for read enable 2 (FM2) w.r.t. RE input (pin 39)
5, 6
WE2del
line delay for write enable 2 (FM2) w.r.t. RE input (pin 39)
7
UV_av
UV averaged while luminance signal is median filtered
Notes
1. Data will be active after next VD pulse (pin 40).
2. In normal conditions control bit should be toggled field by field.
1996 Oct 25
13
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
Table 3
SAA4990H
Read registers
REGISTER
BIT
Table 6 Adaptive/fixed_k selection
Dynamic box signal, active in user defined rectangular
part of the picture, enable with en_box, may be inverted
with inv_box.
NAME
Register 26H (MPD_LSB)
26H
0 to 7
MPD_LSB
_upbox
_adfix
box
0
0
X(1)
adapt
0
X(1)
adapt
1
X(1)
fixed
0
1
X(1)
fixed
1
X(1)
0
fixed
1
X(1)
1
adapt
grey
1
X(1)
0
fixed
sawtooth
1
X(1)
1
adapt
Register 27H (MPD_MSB)
27H
0 to 7
0
MPD_MSB
0
Table 4
Output multiplex control
output_mux[2:0]
000
011
111
Table 5
THROUGHPUT
video
Note
Filter1 characteristic
Tfilter1_select[1:0]
1. X = don’t care bits.
Tfilter1-TRANSFER (z)
00
1
01
1⁄
2
10
1⁄
2
11
1⁄
2
× z + 1 + 1⁄2 × z−1
× z + 1⁄2 + 1⁄2 × z−1
MGE035
15
handbook, halfpage
10
IH_TF1I
(dB) 5
0
−5
(1)
(2)
−10
−15
−20
−25
1/4 fs
TF1(z) = 1⁄2 z + a + 1⁄2 z−1.
(1) a = 1.
(2) a = 1⁄2.
Fig.8 Characteristic pre-filter TF1.
1996 Oct 25
14
1/2 fs
k
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
Table 7
SAA4990H
Filter2 characteristic
Tfilter2_select[5:0]
Tfilter2-TRANSFER (z)
HEX
DECIMAL
00
00
1⁄
2
01
01
1 × z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 1 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
02
02
0 × z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 1 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
04
04
1⁄
2
05
05
1 × z2 + 1 × z + 1 + 1 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
06
06
0 × z2 + 1 × z + 1 + 1 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
08
08
1⁄
2
09
09
1 × z2 + 0 × z + 1 + 0 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
0A
10
0 × z2 + 0 × z + 1 + 0 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
10
16
1⁄
2
11
17
1 × z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 2 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
12
18
0 × z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 2 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
14
20
1⁄
2
15
21
1 × z2 + 1 × z + 2 + 1 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
16
22
0 × z2 + 1 × z + 2 + 1 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
18
24
1⁄
2
19
25
1 × z2 + 0 × z + 2 + 0 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
1A
26
0 × z2 + 0 × z + 2 + 0 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
20
32
1⁄
2
21
33
1 × z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 0 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
22
34
0 × z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 0 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
24
36
1⁄
2
25
37
1 × z2 + 1 × z + 0 + 1 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
26
38
0 × z2 + 1 × z + 0 + 1 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
28
40
1⁄
2
29
41
1 × z2 + 0 × z + 0 + 0 × z−1 + 1 × z−2
2A
42
0 × z2 + 0 × z + 0 + 0 × z−1 + 0 × z−2
1996 Oct 25
× z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 1 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
× z2 + 1 × z + 1 + 1 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
× z2 + 0 × z + 1 + 0 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
× z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 2 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
× z2 + 1 × z + 2 + 1 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
× z2 + 0 × z + 2 + 0 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
× z2 + 1⁄2 × z + 0 + 1⁄2 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
× z2 + 1 × z + 0 + 1 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
× z2 + 0 × z + 0 + 0 × z−1 + 1⁄2 × z−2
15
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
MGE036
15
MGE037
15
handbook, halfpage
handbook, halfpage
10
10
IH_TF2I
(dB) 5
IH_TF2I
(dB) 5
(2)
0
0
(1)
(2)
−5
−5
−10
−10
−15
−15
−20
−20
−25
−25
1/4 fs
1/4 fs
1/2 fs
Fig.9 Characteristic pre-filter TF2 (a = 0; b = 1).
Fig.10 Characteristic pre-filter TF2 (a = 1; c = 1).
Fixed_k setting
Table 9
Fixed_k SETTING [3:0]
Mult setting
MULT SETTING [1:0]
k
HEX
DECIMAL
00
00
01
01
1⁄
02
2⁄
03
03
3⁄
04
04
4⁄
16
05
05
5⁄
16
06
06
6⁄
16
07
07
7⁄
16
08
08
8⁄
16
09
09
9⁄
0A
10
0B
11
0C
12
02
0D
13
0E
14
0F
15
1996 Oct 25
1/2 fs
TF2(z) = a z2 + b z + 2 c + b z−1 + a z−2.
(1) b = 1.
(2) b = 0.
TF2(z) = a z2 + b z + 2 c + b z−1 + a z−2.
(1) c = 0.
(2) c = 1.
Table 8
(1)
FACTOR
HEX
DECIMAL
00
00
1
16
01
01
2
16
02
02
4
16
03
03
8
0
16
10⁄
16
11⁄
16
12⁄
16
13⁄
16
14⁄
16
16⁄
16
16
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
MGE034
1
handbook, full pagewidth
14/16
k
12/16
10/16
8/16
6/16
4/16
2/16
0
1
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
128
input amplitude
Fig.11 k factor curve (example) from filter TF2 and multiplier (see Fig.6).
handbook, full pagewidth
a
FM1
MUX2
b
a
a
MUX1
LM1
MUX4
b
b
LM2
MEDIAN (Y)
or
MULTIPLEXER (UV)
data
output
a
MUX3
FM2
fixselY
b
fixselUV
CONTROL LOGIC
FCM1
FCM4
FCM23
FM1 and FM2: field memories (external).
LM1 and LM2: line memories.
Fig.12 Extract of the Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise reduction IC (PROZONIC) data path.
1996 Oct 25
17
MGE030
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
Table 10 Field controlled output
FCM23(1)
FCM1(2)
FCM4(3)
FIELD CONTROLLED OUTPUT TO MEDIAN (Y) OR MULTIPLEXER (UV)
MUX1
MUX2
MUX3
MUX4
0
X
0
X
FM1
FM2
FM1
0
X
1
X
FM1
FM2
FM2
1
0
0
FM2
FM1
FM2/1H delay
FM1
1
0
1
FM2
FM1
FM2/1H delay
FM2/1H delay
1
1
0
FM1
FM1/1H delay
FM2
FM1/1H delay
1
1
1
FM1
FM1/1H delay
FM2
FM2
Notes
1. FCM23 is the field controlled MUX2, MUX3.
2. FCM1 is the field controlled MUX1.
3. FCM4 is the field controlled MUX4.
Table 11 Data output
fixselY/fixselUV
DATA OUTPUT FROM
HEX
DECIMAL
00
00
MUX2
01
01
MUX4/1H delay
02
02
MUX3
03
03
MEDIAN (Y)/median controlled MULTIPLEXER (UV)
handbook, full pagewidth
RAM1
sequence data 1
sequence data 2
to
sequence data n(1)
from SNERT
register
R/W control
(RAM1wr)
to internal
processing
RAM2
sequence data 1
sequence data 2
to
sequence data n(1)
MGE031
(1) n = sequence length + 1
Fig.13 Internal RAM control.
1996 Oct 25
18
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
For each of the functions vert_start_box and
vert_stop_box, two addresses are used, in which the LSB
from the address is taken as an extra MSB for the data.
This is done because vert_start_box and vert_stop_box
must be supplied with 9-bit data. All other data from the
SNERT-bus has only relevance in the 7:0 range.
Microcontroller interface (SNERT)
In the microcontroller interface the external signals SNDA
and SNCL are processed to address and data. Data
enable pulses are derived from the received addresses.
The data enable pulses are used elsewhere for input
enabling the delivered data into various control registers.
During the data phases (phase 8 to 15), each negative
edge produces a shift pulse for the movie phase detect
circuit that produces output data on the SNDA signal. The
data enables for the movie phase detect circuit are active
in all of the data phases, when an address 26 or 27 has
been decoded.
The microcontroller interface operates in a few stages:
1. SNCL positive and negative edges are sampled
2. on each negative edge of SNCL and SNDA data is
shifted in a shift register
3. starting from phase 0, a counter counts positive edges
of SNCL
After an MPD read transmission it is necessary to send a
second (dummy) transmission to the PROZONIC.
4. during phase 7, but waited for a negative edge of
SNCL, so after the 8th negative edge of SNCL, an
address latch enable pulse is made, whereby the shift
register contents are taken over in the address register
5. in the address range 10H to 27H, the addresses are
decoded in two steps
6. during phase 15, but waited for a negative edge of
SNCL, so after the 16th negative edge of SNCL, the
address has been decoded and will be passed to any
of the data enable pulses.
LIMITING VALUES
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134).
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN.
MAX.
UNIT
VI
input voltage
−0.5
+7
V
VDDD
digital supply voltage
−0.5
+7
V
VDDA
analog supply voltage
−0.5
+7
V
Tstg
storage temperature
−65
+150
°C
Tamb
operating ambient temperature
0
70
°C
1996 Oct 25
19
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
CHARACTERISTICS
VDDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V; Tamb = 0 to 70 °C; unless otherwise specified.
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN.
MAX.
UNIT
Supply
VDDD
supply voltage
4.5
5.5
V
IDDD
supply current
−
180
mA
LOW level input voltage except CK
−0.5
+0.8
V
LOW level input voltage for CK
−0.5
+0.6
V
HIGH level input voltage except CK
2.0
VDDD + 0.5
V
Digital inputs
VIL
VIH
HIGH level input voltage for CK
2.4
VDDD + 0.5
V
ILI
input leakage current
−
10
µA
CI
input capacitance
−
10
pF
Digital outputs
VOH
HIGH level output voltage
note 1
2.4
VDDD
V
VOL
LOW level output voltage
note 1
0
0.6
V
Timing
TcyCK
CK cycle time
27
−
ns
δCK
CK duty factor tCKH/tCKL
40
60
%
tr
CK rise time
−
5
ns
tf
CK fall time
−
6
ns
tSU
input data set-up time
−
3
ns
tHD
input data hold time
−
3
ns
tOH
output data hold time
note 1
3
−
ns
tOD
output data delay time
note 1
−
23
ns
output load capacitance
10
20
pF
output load capacitance for RE1, RE2, WE2
and SNDA
10
35
pF
Data output loads (3-state outputs)
CL
Note
1. Timings and levels have to be measured with load circuits 1.2 kΩ connected to 3.0 V (TTL load) and CL = 20 pF.
1996 Oct 25
20
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
Input/output timing
tr
handbook, full pagewidth
tf
2.4 V
CLOCK
CK1, CK2
1.5 V
0.6 V
TcyCKH
TcyCK
tHD
tSU
2.0 V
INPUT
DATA
0.8 V
tOD
tOH
2.4 V
OUTPUT
DATA
0.6 V
MGE032
Fig.14 Timing diagram.
1996 Oct 25
21
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Table 12 Abbreviations used in Fig.15
The basic application of PROZONIC in a feature box is
shown in Fig.15. Here, apart from the data streams, the
‘timed control data’ streams indicate that some memory
control signals have to be processed by the PROZONIC,
in order to let the vertical sample rate conversion function
correctly.
Horizontal scaling factors are performed by the memory
controller SAA4951WP/SAA4952H.
BLND
horizontal blanking signal, display related
HDFL
horizontal synchronization signal, deflection
related
HA
horizontal synchronization signal, acquisition
related
HRA
horizontal reference signal, acquisition related
HRD
horizontal reference signal, display related
HRDFL horizontal reference signal, deflection related
All basic clock signals in the feature box are provided by
the memory controller, nominal frequencies on the double
scan parts of the system are 27, 32 or 36 MHz. In any case
the display frequency is decoupled from the acquisition
clock.
IE
input enable signal
LLA
line locked clock signal, acquisition related
LLD
line locked clock signal, display related
LLDFL
line locked clock signal, deflection related
The memory controller supplies the deflection processor
with clock, horizontal and vertical pulses.
RE
read enable signal
RSTR
reset read signal
The SNERT-bus is used to control the PROZONIC at a
data rate of typically 1 Mbits/s.
RSTW
reset write signal
SCL
serial clock signal (I2C-bus)
SDA
serial data signal (I2C-bus)
SNERT synchronous no parity eight bit reception and
transmission (serial control bus)
1996 Oct 25
22
SRC
serial read clock signal
SWC
serial write clock signal
VA
vertical synchronization signal,
acquisition related
VDFL
vertical synchronization signal,
deflection related
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
handbook, full pagewidth
WE2
+5 V
C0
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
C11
18,19,
6 20
1,36
16,17 21
B0
31
30
8
29
9
28
10
27
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
26
FM 2
TMS4C2970
12
n.c.
RE2
7
11
SAA4990H
B6
25
13
24
2
35
3
34
4
33
5
32
15,22 14,23
B7
B8
B9
B10
B11
29
24
23
63,64,
65,66
14
31
13
32
10
35
9
36
8
37
7
38
6
25
19
26
18
27
17
PROZONIC
SAA4990H
28
RSTR
SRC
2
Yin
−(R−Y)in
−(B−Y)in
4
13
8
24
25
3
26
9
27
28
7
ADC
TDA8755
18 nF
29
30
31
5
19
33 nF
20
11
21
33 nF
12
6,23, 10,
18 15
32
16
+5 V
1.5
µF
220
nF
220
nF
17
22
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
RE1
18,19, 1,36 22
9 20
8
23 21
A0
28
A1
29
7
30
6
31
A2
A3
A4
32
5
FM 1
TMS4C2970
4
3
A5
33
A6
34
2
35
13
24
A7
A8
A9
25
12
11
26
10
27
14
15
17
16
SWC RSTW WE
IE
A10
A11
16
5,12,22,33,45
51,58,74
40,60
10
nF
15
30
20
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
C11
+5 V
+5 V
1,2,4,11,21,34
46,52,59,73
3
76
48
75
49
72
50
71
53
70
54
69
55
68
56
67
57
80
42
79
43
78
77
C0
10 kΩ
D0
9,25,
8,27,
59
45 40,62,
60,63,
D1
68
46 65,66
D2
47
Yout
D3
61
48
−(R−Y)out
D4
67
49
−(B−Y)out
D5
64
50
BENDIC
D6
100 nF
SAA7158
51
54
D7
52
100 nF
D8
41
57
D9
42
D10
43
D11
20,21,
44
26 19
23
24 22
44
39
41
RE
62
47
61
1
2
0
1
2
SNERT
+5 V
BLND
0
3
42
8
7
18
4
20
25
26
12,24,34,44
27
28
+5 V
ECO 3
SAA4951
2,10,23,36
29
30
31
VA
32
39
21
22
37
1
HDFL HRD
11
35
HRA
33
HRDFL
13
LLDFL LLA
43
38
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
6
2
2
1
13
11
43
22
42
41
35,44
40
39
38
µC
S87C654
+5 V
2.2 µF
10
37
36
8
SCL
33
9
SDA
18,19
15
14
20
21
LLD
12 MHz
22 pF
22 pF
VDFL
HA
LLDFL
DEFLECTION PLL
ACQUISITION PLL
DISPLAY PLL
HDFL
MGE025
Fig.15 Application circuit.
1996 Oct 25
23
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
PACKAGE OUTLINE
QFP80: plastic quad flat package; 80 leads (lead length 1.95 mm); body 14 x 20 x 2.8 mm
SOT318-2
c
y
X
64
A
41
40
65
ZE
e
E HE
A
A2
(A 3)
A1
θ
wM
pin 1 index
Lp
bp
80
L
25
detail X
24
1
wM
bp
e
ZD
v M A
D
B
HD
v M B
0
5
10 mm
scale
DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions)
UNIT
A
max.
A1
A2
A3
bp
c
D (1)
E (1)
e
HD
HE
L
Lp
v
w
y
mm
3.2
0.25
0.05
2.90
2.65
0.25
0.45
0.30
0.25
0.14
20.1
19.9
14.1
13.9
0.8
24.2
23.6
18.2
17.6
1.95
1.0
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.1
Z D (1) Z E (1)
1.0
0.6
1.2
0.8
θ
o
7
0o
Note
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included.
OUTLINE
VERSION
REFERENCES
IEC
JEDEC
EIAJ
ISSUE DATE
95-02-04
97-08-01
SOT318-2
1996 Oct 25
EUROPEAN
PROJECTION
24
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
If wave soldering cannot be avoided, the following
conditions must be observed:
SOLDERING
Introduction
• A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward
pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave)
soldering technique should be used.
There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC
packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when
through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed
on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is
not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for
printed-circuits with high population densities. In these
situations reflow soldering is often used.
• The footprint must be at an angle of 45° to the board
direction and must incorporate solder thieves
downstream and at the side corners.
Even with these conditions, do not consider wave
soldering the following packages: QFP52 (SOT379-1),
QFP100 (SOT317-1), QFP100 (SOT317-2),
QFP100 (SOT382-1) or QFP160 (SOT322-1).
This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology.
A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in
our “IC Package Databook” (order code 9398 652 90011).
During placement and before soldering, the package must
be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be
applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe
dispensing. The package can be soldered after the
adhesive is cured.
Reflow soldering
Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all QFP
packages.
The choice of heating method may be influenced by larger
plastic QFP packages (44 leads, or more). If infrared or
vapour phase heating is used and the large packages are
not absolutely dry (less than 0.1% moisture content by
weight), vaporization of the small amount of moisture in
them can cause cracking of the plastic body. For more
information, refer to the Drypack chapter in our “Quality
Reference Handbook” (order code 9397 750 00192).
Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and
maximum duration of package immersion in solder is
10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within
6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C.
A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal
of corrosive residues in most applications.
Repairing soldered joints
Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of
fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied
to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or
pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.
Fix the component by first soldering two diagonallyopposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron
(less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact
time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When
using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in
one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between
270 and 320 °C.
Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example,
thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary
between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating
method. Typical reflow temperatures range from
215 to 250 °C.
Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate
the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at
45 °C.
Wave soldering
Wave soldering is not recommended for QFP packages.
This is because of the likelihood of solder bridging due to
closely-spaced leads and the possibility of incomplete
solder penetration in multi-lead devices.
1996 Oct 25
25
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
DEFINITIONS
Data sheet status
Objective specification
This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development.
Preliminary specification
This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later.
Product specification
This data sheet contains final product specifications.
Limiting values
Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or
more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation
of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification
is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Application information
Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.
LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS
These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these
products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for
use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such
improper use or sale.
1996 Oct 25
26
Philips Semiconductors
Preliminary specification
Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)
SAA4990H
NOTES
1996 Oct 25
27
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Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com
© Philips Electronics N.V. 1996
SCA52
All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner.
The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed
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Printed in The Netherlands
537021/1200/01/pp28
Date of release: 1996 Oct 25
Document order number:
9397 750 01435