INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET PCF8549 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver Product specification File under Integrated Circuits, IC12 1997 Nov 21 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 FEATURES • Single chip LCD controller/driver • 65 row and 102 column outputs • Display data RAM 65 × 102 bits • On-chip: – Generation of LCD supply voltage GENERAL DESCRIPTION – Generation of intermediate LCD bias voltages • Logic supply voltage range VDD1 − VSS: 1.5 to 6 V The PCF8549 is a low power CMOS LCD controller driver, designed to drive a graphic display of 65 rows and 102 columns. All necessary functions for the display are provided in a single chip, including on-chip generation of LCD supply and bias voltages, resulting in a minimum of external components and low power consumption. The PCF8549 interfaces to most microcontrollers via an I2C interface. • Voltage generator voltage range VDD2/2_HV − VSS: 2.4 to 5 V Packages – Oscillator requires no external components (external clock also possible) • 400 kHz Fast I2C Interface • CMOS compatible inputs • Mux rate: 65 • Display supply voltage range VLCD − VSS: 7.0 to 16 V • Low power consumption, suitable for battery operated systems The PCF8549U/2 is available as bumped die. Sawn wafer as chip sorted in chip tray. For further details see Section “Bonding pads”. • Temperature compensation of VLCD Customized TCP upon request. • Interlacing for better display quality • Slim chip layout, suited for chip-on-glass applications. APPLICATIONS • Telecom equipment • Portable instruments • Point of sale terminals. ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE TYPE NUMBER NAME PCF8549U/2/F1 1997 Nov 21 TRAY DESCRIPTION chip with bumps in tray 2 VERSION Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 BLOCK DIAGRAM R0 to R64 C0 to C101 COLUMN DRIVERS ROW DRIVERS DATA LATCHES VLCD2 SHIFT REGISTER Bias voltage generator OSCILLATOR VLCD1 Dual Ported RAM 65x102 Bit HVGEN 7 stages TIMING GENERATOR Fig.1 Block diagram. 1997 Nov 21 3 VDD1 VDD2 VDD2_HV VSS1 VSS2 VSS2_HV T6 T7 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 DISPLAY CONTROL LOGIC RES SA0 SDA_out SDA SCL IIC INTERFACE OSC Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 PINNING SYMBOL DESCRIPTION R0 to R64 LCD row driver outputs C0 to C101 LCD column driver outputs VSS1,2,2_HV negative power supply VDD1,2,2_HV supply voltage VLCD1,2 LCD supply voltage T1 test 1 input T2 test 2 output T3 test 3 I/O T4 test 4 I/O T5 test 5 input T6 test 6 input T7 test 7 input SDA I2C data input SCL I2C clock line SDA_OUT I2C output SA0 least significant bit of slave address OSC oscillator RES external reset input, low active Pin functions R0 TO R64: ROW DRIVER OUTPUTS These pads output the row signals. C0 TO C101: COLUMN DRIVER OUTPUTS These pads output the column signals. VSS1,2,2_HV: NEGATIVE POWER SUPPLY RAILS Negative power supplies. VDD1,2,2_HV: POSITIVE POWER SUPPLY RAILS VDD2 and VDD2_HV are the supply voltages for the internal voltage generator. Both have to be on the same voltage and may be connected together outside of the chip. If the internal voltage generator is not used, they should be both connected to ground. VDD1 is used as power supply for the rest of the chip. This voltage can be a different voltage than VDD2 and VDD2_HV. VLCD1,2: LCD POWER SUPPLY Positive power supply for the liquid crystal display. If the internal voltage generator is used, the two supply rails VLCD1 and VLCD2 must be connected together. An external LCD supply voltage can be supplied using the V pad. In this case, VLCD1 has to be connected to ground, and the internal voltage generator has to be programmed to zero. If the PCF8549 is in power-down mode, the external LCD supply voltage has to be switched off. 1997 Nov 21 4 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 AND T7: TEST PADS FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION T1, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7 must be connected to VSS1, T2 is to be left open. Not accessible to user. Block diagram functions SDA/SDA_OUT: I2C DATA LINES The on-chip oscillator provides the clock signal for the display system. No external components are required and the OSC input must be connected to VDD1. An external clock signal, if used, is connected to this input. OSCILLATOR Output and input are separated. If both pads are connected together they behave like a standard I2C pad. SCL: I2C CLOCK SIGNAL Input for the I2C-bus I2C INTERFACE clock signal. The I2C interface receives and executes the commands sent via the I2C-bus. It also receives RAM-data and sends them to the RAM. During read access the 8-bit parallel data or the status register content is converted to a serial data stream and output via the I2C-bus. SA0: SLAVE ADDRESS With the SA0 pin two different slave addresses can be selected. That allows to connect two PCF8549 LCD drivers to the same I2C-bus. DISPLAY CONTROL LOGIC OSC: OSCILLATOR When the on-chip oscillator is used this input must be connected to VDD1. An external clock signal, if used, is connected to this input. The display control logic generates the control signals to read out the RAM via the 101 bit parallel port. It also generates the control signals for the row, and column drivers. RES: RESET DISPLAY DATA RAM (DDRAM) This signal will reset the device. Signal is active low. The PCF8549 contains a 65 × 102 bit static RAM which stores the display data. The RAM is divided into 8 banks of 102 bytes and one bank of 102 bits ((8 × 8 + 1) × 102 bits). During RAM access, data is transferred to the RAM via the I2C interface. There is a direct correspondence between X-address and column output number. TIMING GENERATOR The timing generator produces the various signals required to drive the internal circuitry. Internal chip operation is not disturbed by operations on the I2C-bus. LCD ROW AND COLUMN DRIVERS The PCF8549 contains 65 row and 102 column drivers, which connect the appropriate LCD bias voltages to the display in accordance with the data to be displayed. Figure 2 shows typical waveforms. Unused outputs should be left unconnected. 1997 Nov 21 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 frame n ROW 0 R0 (t) VLCD V2 V3 V4 V5 VSS ROW 2 R2 (t) VLCD V2 V3 V4 V5 VSS COL 0 C0 (t) VLCD V2 V3 V4 V5 VSS COL 1 C1 (t) VLCD V2 V3 V4 V5 VSS frame n+1 Vstate1(t) Vstate2(t) VLCD Vstate1(t) V3 VLCD - V2 0V V 3 - V2 V4 - V5 0V V5 V4 - VLCD - VLCD VLCD Vstate2(t) V3 VLCD - V2 0V V 3 - V2 V4 - V5 0V V5 V4 - VLCD - VLCD 0 2 4 6 8 10 ... ... 64 1 3 5 7 9 ... ... 63 0 2 4 6 8 10 ... ... 64 1 3 5 7 9 ... ... 63 VSS=0V Vstate1(t) = C1(t) - R0(t) Vstate2(t) = C1(t) - R2(t) Fig.2 Typical LCD driver waveforms. 1997 Nov 21 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 DDRAM bank 0 bank 1 bank 2 bank 3 bank 7 bank 8 Fig.3 DDRAM to display mapping. 1997 Nov 21 7 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 The MX bit allows a horizontal mirroring: When MX = 1, the X address space is mirrored: The address X = 0 is then located at the right side (column 101) of the display (see Fig.4). When MX = 0 the mirroring is disabled and the address X = 0 is located at the left side (column 0) of the display (see Fig.4). Addressing The Display data RAM of the PCF8549 is accessed as indicated in Figs 3, 4, 4, 6 and 7. The display RAM has a matrix of 65 × 102 bits. The columns are addressed by the address pointer. The address ranges are: X 0 to 101 (1100101b) and Y 0 to 8 (1000b). Addresses outside these ranges are not allowed. In vertical addressing mode (V = 1) the Y address increments (see Fig.7) after each byte. After the last Y address (Y = 8) Y wraps around to 0 and X increments to address the next column. In horizontal addressing mode (V = 0) the X address increments (see Fig.6) after each byte. After the last X address (X = 101) X wraps around to 0 and Y increments to address the next row. After the very last address (X = 101 and Y = 8) the address pointers wrap around to address (X = 0 and Y = 0). 1997 Nov 21 If the RM-bit (read-modify-write mode) is set, the address is only incremented after a write, otherwise the address is incremented after both read and write access to the display data RAM. 8 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 DISPLAY DATA RAM STRUCTURE MSB 0 LSB MSB 8 LSB 0 X-address 101 Y-address Fig.4 RAM format, addressing (MX = 0). MSB 0 LSB MSB 8 LSB 101 X-address Y-address Fig.5 RAM format, addressing (MX = 1). 1997 Nov 21 9 0 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver 0 1 PCF8549 2 0 102 103 104 204 205 206 306 307 308 Y-address 408 409 410 510 511 512 612 613 614 714 715 716 816 817 818 917 8 101 0 X-address Fig.6 Sequence of writing data bytes into RAM with horizontal addressing (V = 0). 0 9 1 10 0 2 3 Y-address 4 5 6 7 8 917 0 101 8 Fig.7 Sequence of writing data bytes into RAM with vertical addressing (V = 1). 1997 Nov 21 10 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time will be interpreted as a control signal. RAM access If the D/C bit is 1 the RAM can be accessed in both read and write access mode, depending on the R/W bit. The data is written to the RAM during the acknowledge cycle. START AND STOP CONDITIONS (see Fig.10) Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line, while the clock is HIGH is defined as the START condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the STOP condition (P). Set Address SYSTEM CONFIGURATION (see Fig.11) Set Read Modify Write Mode • Transmitter: The device which sends the data to the bus • Receiver: The device which receives the data from the bus • Master: The device which initiates a transfer, generates clock signals and terminates a transfer Read Data • Slave: The device addressed by a master • Multi-Master: More than one master can attempt to control the bus at the same time without corrupting the message Write Data no • Arbitration: Procedure to ensure that, if more than one master simultaneously tries to control the bus, only one is allowed to do so and the message is not corrupted Finished? • Synchronisation: Procedure to synchronize the clock signals of two or more devices. yes ACKNOWLEDGE (see Fig.12) END Each byte of eight bits is followed by an acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a HIGH signal put on the bus by the transmitter during which time the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. A slave receiver which is addressed must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. Also a master receiver must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. The device that acknowledges must pull-down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be taken into consideration). A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event the transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a stop condition. Fig.8 Read modify write access. I2C-BUS INTERFACE Characteristics of the I2C-bus The I2C-bus is for bi-directional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). Both lines must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. BIT TRANSFER (see Fig.9) One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the HIGH 1997 Nov 21 11 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 SDA SCL change of data allowed data line stable; data valid MBC621 Fig.9 Bit transfer. SDA SDA SCL SCL S P START condition STOP condition MBC622 Fig.10 Definition of start and stop conditions. MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SLAVE TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SLAVE RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER SDA SCL MGA807 Fig.11 System configuration. DATA OUTPUT BY TRANSMITTER not acknowledge DATA OUTPUT BY RECEIVER acknowledge SCL FROM MASTER 1 2 8 9 S START CONDITION MBC602 Fig.12 Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus. 1997 Nov 21 12 clock pulse for acknowledgement Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 of the D/C-bit defines whether the data-byte is interpreted as a command or as RAM-data.The control and data bytes are also acknowledged by all addressed slaves on the bus. I2C-bus protocol The PCF8549 supports both read and write access. The R/W bit is part of the slave address. After the last control byte, depending on the D/C bit setting, either a series of display data bytes or command data bytes may follow. If the D/C bit was set to ‘1’, these display bytes are stored in the display RAM at the address specified by the data pointer. The data pointer is automatically updated and the data is directed to the intended PCF8549 device. If the D/C bit of the last control byte was set to ‘0’, these command bytes will be decoded and the setting of the device will be changed according to the received commands. The acknowledgement after each byte is made only by the addressed slave. At the end of the transmission the I2C-bus master issues a stop condition (P). Before any data is transmitted on the I2C-bus, the device which should respond is addressed first. Two 7-bit slave addresses (0111100 and 0111101) are reserved for the PCF8549. The least significant bit of the slave address is set by connecting the input SA0 to either logic 0 (VSS1) or 1 (VDD1). The I2C-bus protocol is illustrated in Fig.13. The sequence is initiated with a START condition (S) from the I2C-bus master which is followed by the slave address. All slaves with the corresponding address acknowledge in parallel, all the others will ignore the I2C-bus transfer. After acknowledgement, one or more command words follow which define the status of the addressed slaves. A command word consists of a control byte, which defines Co and D/C, plus a data byte (see Fig.13 and Table 1). If the R/W bit is set to one in the slave-address, the chip will output data immediately after the slave-address according to the D/C bit, which was sent during the last write access. If no acknowledge is generated by the master after a byte, the driver stops transferring data to the master. The last control byte is tagged with a cleared most significant bit, the continuation bit Co. After a control byte with a cleared Co-bit, only data bytes will follow. The state acknowledgement from PCF8549 S S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A 0 A 1 DC acknowledgement from PCF8549 control byte A acknowledgement from PCF8549 data byte A 0 DC acknowledgement from PCF8549 acknowledgement from PCF8549 control byte A P data byte A 0 slave address n > 0 bytes MSB................. LSB 1 byte 2n > 0 bytes Co Co acknowledgement from Master acknowledgement from Master acknowledgement from Master acknowledgement from Master S S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A 1 A data byte A data byte A data byte A P data byte A 0 slave address S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A R 0 W CO DC 0 0 0 0 0 Control Byte PCF8549 slave address Fig.13 I2C-bus protocol. 1997 Nov 21 0 13 A Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 INSTRUCTIONS The instruction format is divided into two modes: If D/C is set low, the status byte can be read or commands can be sent to the chip, depending on the R/W signal. If D/C is set high, the DDRAM will be accessed. Every instruction can be sent in any order to the PCF8549. Table 1 Instruction set COMMAND BYTE INSTRUCTION D/C R/W DESCRIPTION DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 H = 0 or 1 NOP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 no operation Function Set 0 0 0 0 1 MX MY PD V H power down control; entry mode; Extended Instruction Set control (H) Read Status Byte 0 1 PD X X D E MX MY X reads status byte Write Data 1 0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 writes data to RAM Read Data 1 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 reads data from RAM Set Read Modify Write 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 RM sets the read-modify-write mode Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 X X do not use Display Control 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 D 0 E sets display configuration Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 1 X X X X do not use Set Y address of RAM 0 0 0 1 0 0 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0 sets Y-address of RAM: 0 ≤ Y ≤ 8 Set X address of RAM. 0 0 1 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0 sets X-address of RAM: 0 ≤ X ≤ 101 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 do not use Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 X do not use Temperature Control 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 TC1 TC0 set temperature coefficient (TCx) Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 X X X do not use Bias System 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 BS2 BS1 BS0 Set Bias System(BSx) Reserved 0 0 0 1 X X X X X X do not use (reserved for test...) Set VOP 0 0 1 VOP6 VOP5 VOP4 VOP3 VOP2 VOP1 VOP0 write VOP to register H=0 H=1 1997 Nov 21 14 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver Table 2 PCF8549 Explanations for symbols in Table 1 BIT 0 1 RESET STATE PD chip is active chip is in power down mode 1 V horizontal addressing vertical addressing 0 H use basic instruction set use extended instruction set 0 MX normal X-addressing X-address is mirrored 0 MY display is not vertically mirrored display is vertically mirrored 0 RM read-modify-write mode is disabled read-modify-write mode is enabled 0 D and E 00 display blank 10 normal mode 01 all display segments on 11 inverse video mode TC[1 : 0] 00 VLCD temperature coefficient 0 01 VLCD temperature coefficient 1 10 VLCD temperature coefficient 2 11 VLCD temperature coefficient 3 BS[2 : 0] D=0 E=0 TC[1 : 0] = 00 bias system BS[2 : 0] = 000 External reset (RES) After power-on a reset pulse has to be applied immediately to the chip, as it is in an undefined state. A reset of the chip can be achieved with the external reset pin. After the reset the LCD driver is set to the following status: • Power down mode (PD = 1) • All LCD-outputs at VSS (display off) • Read-modify-write mode is disabled (RM = 0) • Horizontal addressing (V = 0) • Normal instruction set (H = 0) • Normal display (MX = MY = 0) • Display blank (E = D = 0) • Address counter X[6 : 0] = 0 and Y[3 : 0] = 0 • Temperature coefficient (TC[1 : 0] = 0) • Bias system (BS[2 : 0] = 0) • Read-modify-write mode disabled (RM = 0) • VLCD is equal to 0, the HV generator is switched off (VOP[6 : 0] = 0) • After power-on, RAM data are undefined; The reset signal does not change the content of the RAM. Set read-modify-write When RM = 0, the read-modify-write mode is disabled. The X/Y-address counter is incremented after every read or write access to the display data RAM. When RM = 1, the read-modify-write mode is enabled. In this mode the X/Y-address is incremented only after a write access to the display data RAM. The X/Y-address will not be incremented after a read access to the RAM. 1997 Nov 21 15 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 Function Set MX PD (POWER DOWN) When MX = 0, the display is written from left to right (X = 0 is on the left side, X = 100 is on the right side of the display). When MX = 1 the display is written from right to left (X = 0 is on the right side, X = 100 is on the left side of the display). • All LCD outputs at VSS (display off) • Bias generator and VLCD generator off • Oscillator off (external clock possible) • VLCD can be disconnected MY • Parallel bus, command, etc. function When MY = 1, the display is mirrored vertically. • RAM contents not cleared; RAM data can be written. Display Control V D AND E When V = 0, the horizontal addressing is selected. The data is written into the RAM as shown in Fig.6. When V = 1, the vertical addressing is selected. The data is written into the RAM as shown in Fig.7. The bits D and E select the display mode (see Table 2). Set Y address of RAM Y[3 : 0] defines the Y address vector address of the RAM. H When H = 0 the commands ‘display control’, ‘set Y address’ and ‘set X address’ can be performed, when H = 1 the other commands can be executed. The commands ‘write data’ and ‘function set’ can be executed in both cases. Table 3 X-/Y-Address range YYYY 3 210 CONTENT ALLOWED X-RANGE 0000 bank 0 (display RAM) 0 to 101 0001 bank 1 (display RAM) 0 to 101 0010 bank 2 (display RAM) 0 to 101 0011 bank 3 (display RAM) 0 to 101 0100 bank 4 (display RAM) 0 to 101 0101 bank 5 (display RAM) 0 to 101 0110 bank 6 (display RAM) 0 to 101 0111 bank 7 (display RAM) 0 to 101 1000 bank 8 (display RAM) 0 to 101 In bank 8 only the MSB is accessed. Set X address of RAM The X address points to the columns. The range of X is 0 to 101(65 hex). Temperature Control Due to the temperature dependency of the liquid crystals viscosity the LCD controlling voltage VLCD must be increased with lower temperature to maintain optimal contrast. There are 4 different temperature coefficients available in the 1997 Nov 21 16 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 PCF8549 (see Fig.14). The coefficients are selected by the two bits TC[1 : 0]. Table 6 shows the typical values of the different temperature coefficients. The coefficients are proportional to the programmed VLCD. VLCD 16oC(typ) temperature Fig.14 Temperature coefficients. Bias value: 1 The bias voltage levels are set in the ratio of R − R − nR − R − R giving a ------------- bias system. The resulting bias levels n+4 are shown in table 5. Different multiplex rates require different factors n (see Table 4). This is programmed by BS[2 : 0]. For MUX 1 : 65 the optimum bias value n is given by: n = m–3 = 65 – 3 = 5.06 = 5 resulting in 1⁄9bias. Table 4 Programming the required Bias system BS[2] BS[1] BS[0] n b (RES. COUNT) MUX RATE 0 0 0 7 11 1 : 100 0 0 1 6 10 1 : 81 0 1 0 5 9 1 : 64 0 1 1 4 8 1 : 49 1 0 0 3 7 1 : 36 1997 Nov 21 17 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 BS[2] BS[1] BS[0] n b (RES. COUNT) MUX RATE 1 0 1 2 6 1 : 24 1 1 0 1 5 1 : 16 1 1 1 0 4 1:9 Table 5 LCD bias voltage SYMBOL BIAS VOLTAGES⁄ V1 VLCD V2 (b-1)/b × VLCD V3 (b-2)/b × VLCD V4 2/b × VLCD V5 1/b × VLCD V6 VSS Set VOP value: The operation voltage VLCD can be set by software. The generated voltage is dependent of the temperature, the programmed temperature coefficient (TC), and the programmed voltage at reference temperature (TCUT). (1) V LCD = ( a + VOP ⋅ b ) + ( T – T CUT ) ⋅ TC The voltage at reference temperature (VLCD(T=TCUT)) can be calculated as: (2) V LCD = ( a + VOP ⋅ b ) The parameters are explained in table 6. The maximum voltage that can be generated is depending on the VDD2/2_HV Voltage and the display load current. The relation ship is shown in Fig.16. The charge pump is turned off if Vop[6 : 0] is set to zero. For Mux 1 : 65 the optimum operation voltage of the liquid can be calculated as: 1 + 65 V LCD = --------------------------------------- ⋅ V th = 6.85 ⋅ V th 1 2 ⋅ 1 – ---------- 65 where Vth is the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal material used. 1997 Nov 21 18 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 VLCD b a 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A ... VOP[6:0] (programmed) [00 hex ... 7F hex] Fig.15 VOP programming of PCF8549. Table 6 Typical values for parameters for the HV-Generator programming SYMBOL VALUE a 7.06 UNIT V b 0.06 V TCUT 16 0C TC V/oC 00 – 0.142 ⋅ 10 –3 ⋅ V LCD ( T = T CUT ) V/oC 01 – 1.3 ⋅ 10 –3 ⋅ V LCD ( T = T CUT ) V/oC 10 – 2.467 ⋅ 10 –3 ⋅ V LCD ( T = T CUT ) V/oC 11 – 3.483 ⋅ 10 1997 Nov 21 –3 ⋅ V LCD ( T = T CUT ) 19 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 LIMITING VALUES In accordance with the Absolute Maximum System (IEC 134); all voltages referred to VSS = 0V unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN MAX UNIT V VDD supply voltage range -0.5 +7 VLCD supply voltage range LCD -0.5 +17 V ISS supply current -50 50 mA Vi/VO input/output voltage range -0.5 VDD+0.5 V VOLCD LCD output voltage range -0.5 VLCD+0.5 V Ii DC input current -10 10 mA Io DC output current -10 10 mA PTOT power dissipation per package - 300 mW PO power dissipation per output - 50 mW TAMB operating ambient temperature. range -40 +85 °C TSTG storage temperature range -65 +150 °C Notes 1. Stresses above those listed under Limiting Values may cause permanent damage to the device. 2. Parameters are valid over operating temperature range unless otherwise specified. All voltages are with respect to VSS unless otherwise noted. 3. with external LCD supply voltage external supplied (voltage generator disabled). VDDmax (VDD2,VDD2_HV) is 5V if LCD supply voltage is internally generated (voltage generator enabled). HANDLING Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharge in normal handling. However, to be totally safe, it is desirable to take normal precautions appropriate to handling MOS devices (see “Handling MOS Devices”). The PCF8549 withstands the following stress: • approximately 1.0kV Human Body Model • approximately 150V Machine Model 1997 Nov 21 20 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 DC CHARACTERISTICS Table 7 VDD1 = 1.5 to 6 V; VDD2/2_HV = 2.4 to 5.0 V; VDD2 = VDD2_HV; VSS1 = VSS2 = VSS2_HV = 0 V; VLCD = 7 to 16 V; Tamb = −40 to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN VDD1 Logic supply voltage range 1.5 VDD2, VDD2_HV HV Generator supply range 2.4 IVDD1 supply current internal VLCD VLCD = 10.0V; fscl = 0; display load = 0; IVDD2/2_HV supply current internal VLCD IVDD1 TYP 3 MAX UNIT 6 V 5 V 30 80 µA VLCD = 10.0V; fscl = 0; display load = 0; (1)(5) 600 1200 µA supply current external VLCD VLCD = 10.0V; fscl = 0; display load = 0; 30 80 µA IVDD2/2_HV supply current external VLCD VLCD = 10.0V; fscl = 0; display load = 0; (2)(5) 0 10 µA IVDD1 supply current power-down mode; VLCD = 0V; fscl = 0; display load = 0 0.5 10 µA ILCD supply current external VLCD VLCD = 10 V; fSCL= 0, display load = 0; (2) 50 130 µA VLCD(tol) VLCD tolerance internal generated VDD = 2.7V; VLCD = 10V; fSCL = 0; display load = 0;(3)(4)(6) VIL LOW level input voltage VSS 0.3VDD V VIH HIGH level input voltage 0.7 VDD VDD IOL LOW level output current (SDA) VOL = 0.4V; VDD1 = 5 V VI = VDD1 or VSS1 +/- 500 mV 3.0 V mA IL leakage current +1 µA RROW Row output resistance R0 to R64 12 20 kOhm RCOL Column output resistance C0 to C101 12 20 kOhm -1 Note 1. When a display is connected the IVDD2_HV increases with 7 x display load current due to 7 stage charge pump. 2. With external VLCD, the display load current does not translate into increased IVDD2_HV. 3. For TC1, TC2 and TC3 4. The maximum possible VLCD voltage that may be generated is dependent on voltage (VDD2/2_HV), temperature and (display) load. 5. VDD2 VDD2_HV connected together 6. Difference to the theoretical value given by equation 1 1997 Nov 21 21 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 AC CHARACTERISTICS Table 8 VDD1 = 1.5 to 6 V; VDD2/2_HV = 2.4 to 5.0 V; VDD2 = VDD2_HV; VSS1 = VSS2 = VSS2_HV = 0 V; VLCD = 7 to 16 V; Tamb = −40 to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS fOSC oscillator frequency fEXT external clock frequency (2) oscillator start up time (5) tstart fFRAME frame frequency tVHRL VDD to RES Low tPWRES reset low pulse width fEXT (5) = 32 kHz;(1) MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT 19 32 64 kHz 10 32 64 kHz − 450 1600 us − 62 − Hz 1 ms 400 − − ns I2C timing characteristics fSCLK SCL clock frequency DC − 400 kHz tLOW SCL clock low period 1.3 − − us tHIGH SCL clock high period 0.6 − − us tSU;Data Data set-up time 100 − − ns tHD;Data Data hold time 0 − 0.9 us tR SCL and SDA rise time (3) 20 + 0.1 Cb − 300 ns tF SCL and SDA fall time (3) 20 + 0.1 Cb − 300 ns cb Capacitive load represented by each bus line − − 400 pF tSU;STA setup time for a repeated START condition 0.6 − − us tHD;STA start condition hold time 0.6 − − us tSU;DAT data set-up time 100 − − ns tHD;DAT data hold-time 0 − − ns tSU;STO setup time for STOP condition 0.6 − − us − − 50 ns 1.3 − − us tSW tolerable spike width on bus tBUF BUS free time between a STOP and START condition (6) (4) Note 1. f EXT f FRAME = ---------520 2. Duty cycle of 50 +/-5%. 3. The rise and fall times specified here refer to the driver device (i.e. not PCF8549) and are part of the general fast I2C-bus specification. When PCF8549 asserts an acknowledge on SDA, the minimum fall time is 10ns. Cb= capacitive load per bus line. 4. The device inputs SDA and SCL are filtered and will reject spikes on the bus lines of width < tSW(max). 5. Not tested in production 6. Only for VDD1= 2V to 6V 1997 Nov 21 22 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 16V VLCD 15V I=0uA 14V I=10uA I=20uA 13V I=40uA 12V 0V 1V 2V 3V 4V 5V VDD2, VDD2_HV Fig.16 VLCD dependency of VDD2, VDD2_HV and load current. Programmed VLCD=15.8V (@ Room Temperature in special Test mode) RESET VDD tVHRL tPWRES RES Fig.17 Reset timing. 1997 Nov 21 23 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 APPLICATION INFORMATION Table 9 programming example for PCF8549 STEP DISPLAY OPERATION DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 1 I2C start 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Slave address for write 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with cleared CO bit and D/C set to 0. 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 Function Set PD = 0; V = 0; select extended instruction set (H = 1 mode) 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 Set Bias System 2. This is the recommended Bias System for a multiplex rate 1:65 6 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 set VOP VOP is set to a +16 × b [V]. Please note: The required voltage is depending on the liquid. 7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Function Set PD = 0; V = 0; select normal instruction set (H = 0 mode) 8 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 Display Control set normal mode (D = 1 and E = 0) 9 I2C start Restart: To write into the Display RAM the D/C must be set to 1; therefore a control byte is needed. 10 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Slave address for write 11 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with cleared CO bit and D/C set to 1. 12 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Data Write Y and X are initialized to 0 by default, so they aren’t set here 13 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Data Write 14 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Data Write 1997 Nov 21 24 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 STEP DISPLAY OPERATION DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Data Write 16 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Data Write 17 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Data Write 18 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Data Write 19 I2C start Restart 20 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Slave address for write 21 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with set CO bit and D/C set to 0. 22 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Display Control Set inverse video mode (D = 1 and E = 1) 23 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with set CO bit and D/C set to 0. 24 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Set X address of RAM set address to ‘0000000’ 25 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with set CO bit and D/C set to 1. 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Data Write 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with cleared CO bit and D/C set to 0. 28 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Set X address of RAM Set address to ‘0000000’ 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Set Read Modify Write Mode 1997 Nov 21 25 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 STEP DISPLAY OPERATION DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 30 I2C start Restart 31 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Slave address for write 32 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with set CO bit and D/C set to 1. 33 I2C start Restart 34 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 Slave address for read 35 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read Data From Address ‘0000000’ 36 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read Data From Address ‘0000000’ again. Master does not send an acknowledge to stop the read access. 37 I2C start Restart 38 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Slave address for write 39 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with set CO bit and D/C set to 1. 40 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Write Data 41 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Control byte with set CO bit and D/C set to 0. 42 I2C start Restart 43 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 Slave address for read 44 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read Status Byte APPLICATION INFORMATION 1997 Nov 21 26 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 SCL PCF8549 SCL VDD1 SDA SDA SDA_OUT Fig.18 Application diagram: Connecting the I2C Interface 1997 Nov 21 27 Microcontroller VDD1 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 DISPLAY 102x65 33 102 32 PCF8549 13 C4 VDD1 C3 VLCD C1 I/O VDD2 VDD2_HV C 1 ≥ 100nF C 2 ≥ 100nF C 3 ≥ 1uF C 4 ≥ 100nF C2 VSS VDD1 – VSS ≥ 1.5V VDD2 – VSS ≥ 2.4V VDD2HV = VDD2 Fig.19 Application diagram: Connecting the power supplies The pinning of the PCF8549 is optimized for single plane wiring e.g. for chip-on-glass display modules. Display size: 65 × 102 pixels. CHIP INFORMATION The PCF8549 is manufactured in n-well CMOS technology. The substrate is on VSS potential. 1997 Nov 21 28 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 BONDING PADS VALUE UNIT min. 100 µm Pad size, alumin. 80 × 100 µm Pad pitch Passivation. 48 × 78 µm Bumps 60 (±6) × 90 (±6) × 17.5 (±5) µm Wafer thickness 380 (±25) 1997 Nov 21 µm 29 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver VDD2 VDD2_HV RES SDA_OUT SDA SCL T2 SA0 T7 T6 T5 T4 T3 T1 VSS1 VSS2_HV VSS2 VLCD_1 VLCD2 R0 R30 Dummy 2.74mm Fig.20 Pads. 1997 Nov 21 30 DUMMY R63 R33 C0 16.39mm VDD1 111 11 111 1111 111 1111111 1111 1111 111 111 111 11111 11111 111 1111 111 111 1111 11111 111 111 11111 1111 111 111 111 11111 11111 111 1111111111111 OSC Recognition Pattern Recognition pattern R1 111 111 1111 111 11 11 1 1111 1111111111111111 11 111 1111111 1 11 11111111111 PC8549 11 Pad 1 Dummy R31 PCF8549 C101 R32 R34 R64 DUMMY Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 Table 10 Bonding pad locations (dimensions in um). Pad Pad name X Pad Pad name X Y Y 41 ROW<60> 570 84 1 T2 7359.5 2462 42 ROW<58> 670 84 2 SA0 6958 2462 43 ROW<56> 770 84 3 T7 6679 2462 44 ROW<54> 870 84 4 T6 6400 2462 45 ROW<52> 970 84 5 T5 6121 2462 46 ROW<50> 1070 84 6 T4 5841.5 2462 47 ROW<48> 1170 84 7 T3 5431.5 2462 48 ROW<46> 1270 84 8 T1 5022 2462 49 ROW<44> 1370 84 9 VSS1 4724 2458 50 ROW<42> 1470 84 10 VSS1 4624 2458 51 ROW<40> 1570 84 11 VSS2_HV 4359 2458 52 ROW<38> 1670 84 12 VSS2_HV 4259 2458 53 ROW<36> 1770 84 13 VSS2_HV 4159 2458 54 ROW<34> 1870 84 14 VSS2 3458.5 2458 55 ROW<32> 2137 84 15 VLCD1 2580 2462 56 COL<101> 2812 84 16 VLCD2 2294 2462 57 COL<100> 2914 84 17 ROW<0> 1870 2437 58 COL<99> 3014 84 18 ROW<2> 1770 2437 59 COL<98> 3114 84 19 ROW<4> 1670 2437 60 COL<97> 3214 84 20 ROW<6> 1570 2437 61 COL<96> 3314 84 21 ROW<8> 1470 2437 62 COL<95> 3560 84 22 ROW<10> 1370 2437 63 COL<94> 3660 84 23 ROW<12> 1270 2437 64 COL<93> 3760 84 24 ROW<14> 1170 2437 65 COL<92> 3860 84 25 ROW<16> 1070 2437 66 COL<91> 3960 84 26 ROW<18> 970 2437 67 COL<90> 4060 84 27 ROW<20> 870 2437 68 COL<89> 4160 84 28 ROW<22> 770 2437 69 COL<88> 4260 84 29 ROW<24> 670 2437 70 COL<87> 4360 84 30 ROW<26> 570 2437 71 COL<86> 4460 84 31 ROW<28> 470 2437 72 COL<85> 4560 84 32 ROW<30> 370 2437 73 COL<84> 4660 84 33 Dummy 4 270 2437 74 COL<83> 4760 84 34 Dummy 5 170 2437 75 COL<82> 4860 84 35 Dummy 6 70 2437 76 COL<81> 4960 84 36 Dummy 3 70 84 77 COL<80> 5060 84 37 Dummy 2 170 84 78 COL<79> 5306 84 38 Dummy 1 270 84 79 COL<78> 5406 84 39 ROW<64> 370 84 80 COL<77> 5506 84 40 ROW<62> 470 84 1997 Nov 21 31 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver Pad Pad name X PCF8549 Y Pad Pad name X Y 81 COL<76> 5606 84 121 COL<36> 9898 84 82 COL<75> 5706 84 122 COL<35> 9998 84 83 COL<74> 5806 84 123 COL<34> 10098 84 84 COL<73> 5906 84 124 COL<33> 10198 84 85 COL<72> 6006 84 125 COL<32> 10298 84 86 COL<71> 6106 84 126 COL<31> 10544 84 87 COL<70> 6206 84 127 COL<30> 10644 84 88 COL<69> 6306 84 128 COL<29> 10744 84 89 COL<68> 6406 84 129 COL<28> 10844 84 90 COL<67> 6506 84 130 COL<27> 10944 84 91 COL<66> 6606 84 131 COL<26> 11044 84 92 COL<65> 6706 84 132 COL<25> 11144 84 93 COL<64> 6806 84 133 COL<24> 11244 84 94 COL<63> 7052 84 134 COL<23> 11344 84 95 COL<62> 7152 84 135 COL<22> 11444 84 96 COL<61> 7252 84 136 COL<21> 11544 84 97 COL<60> 7352 84 137 COL<20> 11644 84 98 COL<59> 7452 84 138 COL<19> 11744 84 99 COL<58> 7552 84 139 COL<18> 11844 84 100 COL<57> 7652 84 140 COL<17> 11944 84 101 COL<56> 7752 84 141 COL<16> 12044 84 102 COL<55> 7852 84 142 COL<15> 12290 84 103 COL<54> 7952 84 143 COL<14> 12390 84 104 COL<53> 8052 84 144 COL<13> 12490 84 105 COL<52> 8152 84 145 COL<12> 12590 84 106 COL<51> 8252 84 146 COL<11> 12690 84 107 COL<50> 8352 84 147 COL<10> 12790 84 108 COL<49> 8452 84 148 COL<9> 12890 84 109 COL<48> 8552 84 149 COL<8> 12990 84 110 COL<47> 8798 84 150 COL<7> 13090 84 111 COL<46> 8898 84 151 COL<6> 13190 84 112 COL<45> 8998 84 152 COL<5> 13290 84 113 COL<44> 9098 84 153 COL<4> 13390 84 114 COL<43> 9198 84 154 COL<3> 13490 84 115 COL<42> 9298 84 155 COL<2> 13590 84 116 COL<41> 9398 84 156 COL<1> 13690 84 117 COL<40> 9498 84 157 COL<0> 13790 84 118 COL<39> 9598 84 158 ROW<33> 14204 84 119 COL<38> 9698 84 159 ROW<35> 14304 84 120 COL<37> 9798 84 160 ROW<37> 14404 84 1997 Nov 21 32 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver Pad Pad name X PCF8549 Y Pad Pad name X Y 201 VDD2_HV_I 11145 N 2461 202 VDD2_HV_I 11045 N 2461 203 VDD2_HV_I 10945 N 2461 204 RES_B_IN 10627 2462 205 SDA_OUT 10333.5 5 2462 161 ROW<39> 14504 84 162 ROW<41> 14604 84 163 ROW<43> 14704 84 164 ROW<45> 14804 84 165 ROW<47> 14904 84 166 ROW<49> 15004 84 167 ROW<51> 15104 84 168 ROW<53> 15204 84 169 ROW<55> 15304 84 206 SDA_IN 9412.4 2462 170 ROW<57> 15404 84 207 SDA_IN 9212.4 2462 171 ROW<59> 15504 84 208 SCL_IN 8256.8 2462 172 ROW<61> 15604 84 209 SCL_IN 8056.8 2462 173 ROW<63> 15704 84 Recpat C1 16275 2437 174 Dummy 7 15804 84 Recpat C2 2301 80 175 Dummy 8 15904 84 Recpat F 304 1824 176 Dummy 9 16004 84 177 Dummy 12 15961 2437 178 Dummy 11 15861 2437 179 Dummy 10 15761 2437 180 ROW<31> 15661 2437 181 ROW<29> 15561 2437 182 ROW<27> 15461 2437 183 ROW<25> 15361 2437 184 ROW<23> 15261 2437 185 ROW<21> 15161 2437 186 ROW<19> 15061 2437 187 ROW<17> 14961 2437 188 ROW<15> 14861 2437 189 ROW<13> 14761 2437 190 ROW<11> 14661 2437 191 ROW<9> 14561 2437 192 ROW<7> 14461 2437 193 ROW<5> 14361 2437 194 ROW<3> 14261 2437 195 ROW<1> 14161 2437 196 OSC 13738 2462 197 VDD1 13147 2461 198 VDD1 13047 2461 199 VDD1 12947 2461 200 VDD2 12145 2461 1997 Nov 21 33 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development. Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications. Limiting values Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS Purchase of Philips I2C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011. 1997 Nov 21 34 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 65 × 102 pixels matrix LCD driver PCF8549 NOTES 1997 Nov 21 35 Philips Semiconductors – a worldwide company Argentina: see South America Australia: 34 Waterloo Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW 2113, Tel. +61 2 9805 4455, Fax. +61 2 9805 4466 Austria: Computerstr. 6, A-1101 WIEN, P.O. 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No. 5, 80640 GÜLTEPE/ISTANBUL, Tel. +90 212 279 2770, Fax. +90 212 282 6707 Ukraine: PHILIPS UKRAINE, 4 Patrice Lumumba str., Building B, Floor 7, 252042 KIEV, Tel. +380 44 264 2776, Fax. +380 44 268 0461 United Kingdom: Philips Semiconductors Ltd., 276 Bath Road, Hayes, MIDDLESEX UB3 5BX, Tel. +44 181 730 5000, Fax. +44 181 754 8421 United States: 811 East Arques Avenue, SUNNYVALE, CA 94088-3409, Tel. +1 800 234 7381 Uruguay: see South America Vietnam: see Singapore Yugoslavia: PHILIPS, Trg N. Pasica 5/v, 11000 BEOGRAD, Tel. +381 11 625 344, Fax.+381 11 635 777 For all other countries apply to: Philips Semiconductors, International Marketing & Sales Communications, Building BE-p, P.O. Box 218, 5600 MD EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Fax. +31 40 27 24825 Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com © Philips Electronics N.V. 1997 SCA56 All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Printed in The Netherlands 417067/1200/01/pp36 Date of release: 1997 Nov 21 Document order number: 9397 750 03044