INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET UMA1014 Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications Product specification Supersedes data of October 1991 File under Integrated circuits, IC03 October 1992 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 FEATURES • Single chip synthesizer; compatible with Philips cellular radio chipset • Fully programmable RF divider • I2C interface for two-line serial bus • On-chip crystal oscillator/TCXO buffer from 3 to 16 MHz GENERAL DESCRIPTION • 16 reference division ratios allowing 5 to 100 kHz channel spacing The UMA1014 is a low-power universal synthesizer which has been designed for use in channelized radio communication. The IC is manufactured in bipolar technology and is designed to operate at 5 to 100 kHz channel spacing with an RF input from 50 to 1100 MHz. The channel is programmed via a standard I2C-bus. A low-power sensitive RF divider is incorporated together with a dead-zone eliminated, 3-state phase comparator. The low-noise charge pump delivers 1 mA or 1/2 mA output current to enable a better compromise between fast switching and loop bandwidth. A power-down circuit enables the synthesizer to be set to idle mode. • 1/8 crystal frequency output • On-chip out-of-lock indication • Two extra VCO control outputs • Latched synthesizer alarm output • Status register including out-of-lock indication and power failure • Power-down mode. APPLICATIONS • Cellular mobile radio (NMT, AMPS, TACS) • Private mobile radio (PMR) • Cordless telephones. QUICK REFERENCE DATA SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT VCC, VCP supply voltage range 4.5 5.0 5.5 V ICC + ICP supply current − 13 − mA ICCpd ICC in power-down − 2.5 − mA fref phase comparator reference frequency 5 − 100 kHz fRF RF input frequency 50 − 1100 MHz Tamb operating ambient temperature range −40 − 85 °C ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE TYPE NUMBER UMA1014T October 1992 NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION SO16 plastic small outline package; 16 leads; body width 3.9 mm SOT109-1 2 16 14 3 1 oscillator input 2 8 31/32 RF input 3 hardware power-down slave address select input A UMA1014 BUFFER/ OSCILLATOR MAIN DIVIDER REFERENCE DIVIDER PHASE COMPARATOR CHARGE PUMP 18-BITS 4-BITS 1-BIT 1-BIT 5 11 MAIN CONTROL 12 15 9 10 7 charge pump output OUT-OFLOCK 3-BITS 13 MRA396 - 1 VCO buffer switch output B VCO buffer switch output A synthesizer alarm output serial data input/output serial clock input Product specification Fig.1 Block diagram. UMA1014 handbook, full pagewidth oscillator output Philips Semiconductors 6 +5 V charge pump supply Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications 4 1/8 crystal frequency internally output connected ground BLOCK DIAGRAM October 1992 +5 V supply Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 PINNING SYMBOL PIN DESCRIPTION OSCIN 1 oscillator or TCXO input OSCOUT 2 oscillator output VCP 3 5 V charge pump supply VCC 4 5 V supply PCD 5 charge pump output GND 6 ground VCOA 7 VCO buffer switch output A (including out-of-lock) RF 8 RF input SCL 9 serial clock input SDA 10 serial data input/output HPD 11 hardware power-down (active LOW) SAA 12 slave address select input A VCOB 13 VCO buffer switch output B i.c. 14 internally connected SYA 15 synthesizer alarm output FX8 16 1/8 crystal frequency output October 1992 handbook, halfpage OSCIN 1 16 FX8 OSCOUT 2 15 SYA VCP 3 14 i.c. VCC 4 13 VCOB PCD 5 12 SAA GND 6 11 HPD VCOA 7 10 SDA RF 8 9 SCL UMA1014 MRA397 - 1 Fig.2 Pin configuration. 4 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Reference divider The UMA1014 is a low-power frequency synthesizer for radio communication which operates in the 50 to 1100 MHz range. The device includes an oscillator/buffer circuit, a reference divider, an RF divider, a 3-state phase comparator, a charge pump and a main control circuit to transfer the serial data into the four internal 8-bit registers. The VCC supply feeds the logic part, the VCP supply feeds the charge-pump only. Both supplies are +5 V (±10%). The power-down facility puts the synthesizer in the idle mode (all current supplies are switched off except in the control part). This allows any I2C transfer and all information in the registers is retained thus enabling fast power-up. The reference divider is semi-programmable with 16 division ratios which can be selected via the I2C-bus. The programming uses four bits of the register A (A3 to A0) as listed in Table 2. These ratios allow the use of a large number of crystal frequencies from 3 MHz up to 16 MHz. All main channel spacings can be obtained with a single crystal/TXCO frequency of 9.6 MHz. Phase comparator A diagram of the phase comparator and charge pump is illustrated in Fig.3. The phase comparator is both a phase and frequency detector. The detector comprises dual flip-flops together with logic circuitry to eliminate the dead-zone. When a phase error is detected the UP or DOWN signal goes HIGH. This switches on the corresponding current generator which produces a source or sink current for the loop filter. When no phase error is detected PCD goes high impedance. The final tuning voltage for the VCO is provided by the loop filter. The charge pump current is programmable via the I2C-bus. When IPCD (bit 5) is set to logic 1 the charge pump delivers 1 mA; when IPCD is set to logic 0 the charge pump delivers 0.5 mA. Main divider The main divider is a pulse swallow type counter which is fully programmable. After a sensitive input amplifier (50 mV, −13 dBm), the RF signal is applied to a 31/32 duo-modulus counter. The output is then used as the clock for the 5-bit swallow counter R = (MD4 to MD0) and the 13-bit main counter N = (MD17 to MD5). The ratio is transferred via the I2C-bus to the registers B, C and D, and then buffered in an 18-bit latch. The ratio in the divider chain is updated with the new information when the least significant bit is received (i.e. D0). This update is synchronized to the output of the divider in order to limit the phase error during small jumps of the synthesized frequency. The phase comparator has a phase inverter logic input (PHI). This allows the use of inverted or non-inverted loop filter configurations. It is thus possible to use a passive loop filter which offers higher performances without an operational amplifier. The function of the phase comparator is given in Table 3 and a typical transfer curve is illustrated in Fig.4. The main divider can be programmed to any value between 2048 and 262143 (i.e. 218 −1). If ratio X, below 2048, is sent to the divider, the ratio (X + 2048) will be programmed. When it is required to switch between adjacent channels it is possible to program register D only, thus allowing shorter I2C programming time. Out-of-lock detector An out-of-lock detector using the UP and DOWN signals from the phase comparator is included on-chip. The pin VCOA is an open collector output which is forced LOW during an out-of-lock condition. The same information is also available via the I2C-bus in the status register (bit OOL). When the phase error (measured at the phase comparator) is greater than approximately 200 ns, an out-of-lock condition is immediately flagged. The flag is only released after 6 reference cycles when the phase error is less than 200 ns. Oscillator The oscillator is a common collector Colpitts type with external capacitive feedback. The oscillator has very small temperature drift and high voltage supply rejection. A TCXO or other type of clock can be used to drive the oscillator by connecting the source (preferably AC-coupled) to pin 1 and leaving pin 2 open-circuit. The oscillator acts as a buffer in this mode and requires no additional external components. The signal from the clock source should have a minimum space width of 31 ns. October 1992 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications Table 1 UMA1014 Division ratio in the main divider MAIN COUNTER: N SWALLOW COUNTER: R MD17 MD16 MD15 ... MD8 MD7 ... MD5 MD4 ... MD0 B1 B0 C7 ... C0 D7 ... D5 D4 ... D0 MSB Table 2 LSB Reference divider programming A3(RD3) A2(RD2) A1(RD1) A0(RD0) REFERENCE DIVISION RATIO CHANNEL SPACING FOR 9.6 MHz AT OSCIN 0 0 0 0 128 75 kHz 0 0 0 1 160 60 kHz 0 0 1 0 192 50 kHz 0 0 1 1 240 40 kHz 0 1 0 0 256 37.5 kHz 0 1 0 1 320 30 kHz 0 1 1 0 384 25 kHz 0 1 1 1 480 20 kHz 1 0 0 0 512 18.75 kHz 1 0 0 1 640 15 kHz 1 0 1 0 768 12.5 kHz 1 0 1 1 960 10 kHz 1 1 0 0 1024 9.375 kHz 1 1 0 1 1280 7.5 kHz 1 1 1 0 1536 6.25 kHz 1 1 1 1 1920 5 kHz Table 3 Operation of the phase comparator PHI = 0 (PASSIVE LOOP FILTER) UP PHI = 1 (ACTIVE LOOP FILTER) fref < fvar fref > fvar fref = fvar fref < fvar fref > fvar fref = fvar 0 1 0 1 0 0 DOWN 1 0 0 0 1 0 Ipcd −1 mA 1 mA < ±5 nA 1 mA −1 mA < ±5 nA October 1992 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 //slave addr./subaddr./data1/data2/.../datan//; n up to 4 (AVI = 1), then provides the correct addressing for the ensuing data bytes. Since the length of the data burst is not fixed, it is possible to program only one register or the whole set. The registers are structured in such a way so that the burst, for normal operation, is kept as short as possible. The bits that are only programmed during the set-up (reference division ratio, power-down, phase inversion and current on PCD) are stored in registers A and B. Data byte 1 is written in the register indicated by the subaddress. An auto-increment circuit, if enabled In the slave address six bits are fixed, the remaining two bits depend on the application. MAIN CONTROL I2C-bus The control part consists mainly of the control interface and a set of four registers A, B, C and D. The serial input data (SDA) is converted into 8-bit parallel words and stored in the appropriate registers. The data transmission to the synthesizer is executed in the burst mode with the following format: Table 4 Slave address 1 1 0 0 0 SAA is the slave address. When SAA goes HIGH then SAA = 0, when SAA goes LOW then SAA = 1. This allows the use of two UMA1014s on the same bus but using a different address. R/W should be set to logic 0 when writing to the synthesizer or set to logic 1 when reading the status register. Table 5 1 SAA The subaddress includes the register pointer, and sets the two flags related to the auto-increment (AVI) and the alarm disable (DI). Subaddress X X X DI AVI Where: X SB1 When the auto-increment is disabled (AVI = 0), the subaddress pointer will maintain the same value during the I2C-bus transfer. All the data bytes will then be written consecutively in the register pointed by the subaddress. DI (Disable Interrupt): DI = 1 disables the alarm on SYA DI = 0 enables the alarm. AVI (Auto Value Increment): AVI = 1 enables the automatic increment AVI = 0 disables the auto-increment. Pointer of the registers SB1 SB0 REGISTER POINTED 0 0 A 0 1 B 1 0 C 1 1 D October 1992 SB0 SB1/SB0 are the pointers of the register where DATA1 will be written (see Table 6). X = not used Table 6 R/W 7 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 Status register and synthesizer alarm When an out-of-lock condition or a power dip occurs, SYA, which is an open collector output, is forced LOW and latched. The pin SYA will be released after the status register is read via the I2C-bus. The status register contains the following information: Table 7 Status register 0 0 0 OOL 0 LOOL LPD DI Where: OOL = momentary out-of-lock LOOL = latched out-of-lock LPD = latched power dip DI = disable interrupt (of the last write cycle). The I2C-bus protocol to read this internal register is a single byte without subaddressing: //slave address (R/W = 1)/status register (read)// Table 8 Bit allocation REGISTER POINTER BIT ALLOCATION 7 6 5 4 PRESET 3 2 1 0 A 00 PD X IPCD X RD3 RD2 RD1 RD0 00001110 B 01 1 0 1 PHI VCOB VCOA MD17 MD16 10100101 C 10 MD15 MD14 MD13 MD12 MD11 MD10 MD9 MD8 00111000 D 11 MD7 MD6 MD5 MD4 MD3 MD2 MD1 MD0 10000000 Where X = not used Table 9 Register allocation REGISTER NAME A BIT NAME PRESET VALUE FUNCTION PD power down PD = 0 normal operation 0 IPCD programmable charge pump current IPCD = 1 = 1 mA; IPCD = 0 = 0.5 mA 0 RD3...RD0 reference ratio see Table 2 1110; r = 1536 PHI phase inverter PHI = 0 passive loop filter 0 VCOA VCO switch A set pin 7 1 VCOB VCO switch B set pin 13 0 MD17, MD16 bits 17 and 16 MSB of main divider ratio 01 C MD15 to MD8 bits 15 to 8 main divider ratio 00111000 D MD7 to MD0 bits 7 to 0 main divider ratio 10000000; r = 80000 B October 1992 8 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 V CP handbook, full pagewidth f var on/off 1 mA (source) UP PHASE COMPARATOR PCD f ref on/off 1 mA (sink) DOWN PHI MRA399 Fig.3 Phase comparator block diagram. LIMITING VALUES In accordance with the Absolute Maximum System (IEC 134). SYMBOL PARAMETER VCC supply voltage range MIN. −0.3 MAX. UNIT 7.0 V Vi voltage range to ground (all pins) 0 VCC V Tstg IC storage temperature range −55 +125 °C Tamb operating ambient temperature range −40 +85 °C HANDLING Every pin referenced to ground withstands ESD (HMB) tests in accordance with MIL-STD-883C method 3015 class 2. Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharges in normal handling. However, to be totally safe, it is desirable to take normal precautions appropriate to handling Integrated Circuits. October 1992 9 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 CHARACTERISTICS Tamb = 25 °C; VCC = 4.5 to 5.5 V; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supply (pins VCC and VCP) VCC supply voltage range 4.5 − 5.5 V ICC supply current − 11.5 13.5 mA ICCpd supply current − 2.5 3.3 mA VCP charge pump supply voltage 4.5 − 5.5 V ICP charge pump supply current IPCD = 0.5 mA − 1.4 1.8 mA ICPpd charge pump supply current power-down − 0.01 − mA power-down RF dividers (pin RF) fRF frequency range VRF(rms) input voltage level (RMS value) RI input resistance CI input capacitance RRF division ratios 50 − 1100 MHz 50 to 100 MHz 150 − 200 mV 100 to 1100 MHz 50 − 150 mV at 1 GHz − 200 − Ω at 100 MHz − 600 − Ω note 1 − 2.0 − pF 2048 − 262143 − − 16 MHz Oscillator and reference divider (pins OSCIN and OSCOUT) fOSC oscillator frequency range 3 VOSC(RMS) input level sine wave (RMS value) 0.15 − VCC/2.8 V VOSC(p-p) input level square wave (peak-to-peak value) 0.45 − VCC V tOSC_mk input mark width 10 − − ns tOSC_sp input space width 31 − − ns ZOSC output impedance at pin OSCOUT − − 2 kΩ Rref reference division ratio 128 − 1920 1.0 − − mA 5 − 100 kHz 0.9 1.2 1.4 mA see Fig.8 see Table 1 1/8 crystal frequency (open collector output) (pin FX8) IOL LOW level output current VOL ≥ 0.6 V Phase comparator (pin PCD) fPCD frequency range IPCD output current VPCD = 2.5 V bit IPCD = 1 0.45 0.6 0.75 mA IPCDL output leakage current bit IPCD = 0 −5 ±1 +5 nA VPCD output voltage 0.4 − VCP−0.5 V October 1992 10 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications SYMBOL PARAMETER UMA1014 CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Serial clock and serial data input (pins SCL and SDA) fCLK clock frequency 0 − 100 kHz VIH HIGH level input voltage 3 − − V VIL LOW level input voltage − − 1.5 V IIH HIGH level input current − 3 10 µA IIL LOW level input current −10 −5 − µA CI input capacitance − − 10 pF Isink SDA sink current 3 − − mA VOL = 0.4 V Slave address select input (pin SAA) and Hardware power-down input (pin HPDN) VIH HIGH level input voltage 3 − − V VIL LOW level input voltage − − 0.4 V IIH HIGH level input current − − 0.1 µA IIL LOW level input current −10 − − µA − µA VCO output switches (pins VCOA and VCOB) and synthesizer alarm (pin SYA); note2 IOL VOL ≥ 0.4 V LOW level sink current 400 − Notes 1. CI is in parallel with RI. 2. Pin VCOA is forced to logic 0 during out-of-lock condition. MRA400 I PCD = 1 mA 2.0 I (µA) I PCD = 0.5 mA 1.0 0 -1.0 -2.0 -20 0 20 phase difference (t = ns) The current IPCD is averaged over a reference period of 24 µs. Fig.4 Gain of phase detector and charge pump. October 1992 11 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 UP or DOWN REF OOL VCOA MRA401 Fig.5 Out-of-lock function. 200 RF input (mV RMS) guaranteed area of operation 100 typical RF sensitivity o (Tamb = 25 C) 0 50 100 200 500 1100 1200 f RF (MHz) MRA402 - 1 Fig.6 RF input high frequency sensitivity. October 1992 1000 12 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 200 RF input (mV RMS) 150 guaranteed area 100 of operation 50 typical RF sensitivity (Tamb = 25 oC) 0 50 100 150 200 f RF (MHz) MRA403 - 1 Fig.7 RF input low frequency sensitivity. handbook, halfpage OSCIN t OSC mk t OSC sp MLA436 - 1 Fig.8 Oscillator input timing. October 1992 13 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 APPLICATION INFORMATION VCC G1 9.6 MHz R10 10 k Ω C13 120 pF 1 16 2 15 3 14 4 13 C12 68 pF C8 2-20 pF C11 39 pF VCP + C9 R7 68 Ω 47 µ F VCC + R8 12 Ω C10 47 µ F VCC 10 kΩ UMA 1014 5 12 VCC 10 kΩ low current LED 7 10 8 9 + 100 nF C5 47 µ F C6 1 nF R6 18 Ω VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR 870 to 910 MHz R5 18 Ω C17 1 nF MRA404 - 1 RF output R4 18 Ω SCL R11 56 Ω R1 18 k Ω control voltage C3 180 nF C1 33 nF C2 2.2 nF R2 10 kΩ ETACS application for: VCO sensitivity = 11 MHz/V. Channel spacing = 12.5 kHz. Fig.9 Typical cellular mobile radio application. October 1992 SDA V3 R3 12 Ω modulation input 11 R9 3.9 kΩ VCC VCC 6 14 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 PACKAGE OUTLINE SO16: plastic small outline package; 16 leads; body width 3.9 mm SOT109-1 D E A X c y HE v M A Z 16 9 Q A2 A (A 3) A1 pin 1 index θ Lp 1 L 8 e 0 detail X w M bp 2.5 5 mm scale DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (1) e HE L Lp Q v w y Z (1) mm 1.75 0.25 0.10 1.45 1.25 0.25 0.49 0.36 0.25 0.19 10.0 9.8 4.0 3.8 1.27 6.2 5.8 1.05 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.25 0.25 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.01 0.019 0.0100 0.39 0.014 0.0075 0.38 0.16 0.15 0.244 0.050 0.041 0.228 0.039 0.016 0.028 0.020 inches 0.010 0.057 0.069 0.004 0.049 0.01 0.01 0.028 0.004 0.012 θ Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC SOT109-1 076E07S MS-012AC October 1992 EIAJ EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 95-01-23 97-05-22 15 o 8 0o Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 • A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering technique should be used. SOLDERING Introduction • The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be parallel to the solder flow. There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for printed-circuits with high population densities. In these situations reflow soldering is often used. • The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream end. During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured. This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in our “IC Package Databook” (order code 9398 652 90011). Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and maximum duration of package immersion in solder is 10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within 6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C. Reflow soldering Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all SO packages. A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most applications. Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement. Repairing soldered joints Fix the component by first soldering two diagonallyopposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between 270 and 320 °C. Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example, thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating method. Typical reflow temperatures range from 215 to 250 °C. Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at 45 °C. Wave soldering Wave soldering techniques can be used for all SO packages if the following conditions are observed: DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications. Limiting values Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not from part of the specification. October 1992 16 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Low-power frequency synthesizer for mobile radio communications UMA1014 LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS Purchase of Philips I2C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011. October 1992 17