SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 D D D D D D D Members of the Texas Instruments (TI) Widebus Family UBT (Universal Bus Transceiver) Combines D-Type Latches and D-Type Flip-Flops for Operation in Transparent, Latched, Clocked, or Clock-Enabled Mode Translate Between GTLP Signal Levels and LVTTL Logic Levels Support Mixed-Mode (3.3 V and 5 V) Signal Operation on A-Port and Control Inputs B-Port Transition Time Optimized for Distributed Backplane Loads Ioff Supports Partial-Power-Down Mode Operation D D D D Bus Hold on A-Port Inputs Eliminates the Need for External Pullup/Pulldown Resistors Distributed VCC and GND Pins Minimize High-Speed Switching Noise ESD Protection Exceeds JESD 22 – 2000-V Human-Body Model (A114-A) – 200-V Machine Model (A115-A) – 1000-V Charged-Device Model (C101) Latch-Up Performance Exceeds 100 mA Per JESD 78, Class II Package Options Include Plastic Shrink Small-Outline (DL), and Thin Shrink Small-Outline (DGG) Packages NOTE: For tape and reel order entry: The DGGR package is abbreviated to GR. description The SN74GTLPH16612 is a medium-drive, 18-bit UBT (universal bus transceiver) that provides LVTTL-to-GTLP and GTLP-to-LVTTL signal-level translation. It allows for transparent, latched, clocked, or clock-enabled modes of data transfer. This device provides a high-speed interface between cards operating at LVTTL logic levels and backplanes operating at GTLP signal levels. High-speed (about two times faster than standard LVTTL or TTL) backplane operation is a direct result of the reduced output swing (<1 V), reduced input threshold levels, and OEC (output edge control ). These improvements minimize bus settling time and have been designed and tested using several backplane models. VTT VTT .25” .25” .875” TI GTL16612 R TT R TT 1.8 1.6 .625” Conn. 1” .625” Conn. 1” .625” Conn. 1” Conn. Volts – V 1.4 .625” Fairchild GTLP16612 1.2 1.0 TI GTLPH16612 0.8 1” 0.6 Rcvr Rcvr Rcvr 0.4 Drvr Slot 1 Slot 2 Slot 8 0 Slot 16 20 10 30 t – Time – ns Figure 1. Test Backplane Model With Output Waveform Results Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. TI, OEC, UBT, and Widebus are trademarks of Texas Instruments. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 description (continued) Figure 1 shows actual device output waveforms using a synchronous clock at 75 MHz. The test backplane is a 16-slot, 14-inch board with loaded impedance of 33 Ω. VTT is 1.5 V, VREF is 1 V, and RTT pullup resistor is 50 Ω. The driver is in slot 8, with receivers in alternate slots 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, and 16. Receiver slot 1 signals are shown. The signal becomes progressively worse as the receiver moves closer to the driver or the spacing between receiver cards is reduced. The clock is independent of the data and the system clock frequency is limited by the backplane flight time to about 80 MHz to 90 MHz. This frequency can be increased even more (30% to 40%) if the clock is generated and transmitted together with the data from the driver card (source synchronous). The SN74GTLPH16612 is a medium-drive (34 mA), 18-bit universal bus transceiver, containing D-type latches and D-type flip-flops to allow data flow in transparent, latched, clocked, and clock-enabled modes. This UBT can replace any of the functions shown in Table 1. Table 1. SN74GTLPH16612 UBT Replacement Functions 8 BIT 9 BIT 10 BIT 16 BIT 18 BIT Transceiver FUNCTION ’245, ’623, ’645 ’863 ’861 ’16245, ’16623 ’16863 Buffer/driver ’241, ’244, ’541 ’827 ’16241, ’16244, ’16541 ’16825 ’16543 ’16472 ’16373 ’16843 ’16646, ’16652 ’16474 Latched transceiver ’543 Latch ’373, ’573 Registered transceiver ’646, ’652 Flip-flop ’374, ’574 ’843 ’841 ’821 ’16374 Standard UBT ’16500, ’16501 Universal bus driver ’16835 Registered transceiver with CLK enable ’2952 Flip-flop with CLK enable ’377 ’16470, ’16952 ’823 Standard UBT with CLK enable ’16823 ’16600, ’16601 SN74GTLPH16612 UBT replaces all above functions GTLP is a TI derivative of the Gunning transceiver logic (GTL) JEDEC standard JESD 8-3. The ac specification of the SN74GTLPH16612 is given only at the preferred higher noise-margin GTLP, but this device can be used at either GTL (VTT = 1.2 V and VREF = 0.8 V) or GTLP (VTT = 1.5 V and VREF = 1 V) signal levels. The B port normally operates at GTLP levels, while the A-port and control inputs are compatible with LVTTL logic levels and are 5-V tolerant. VREF is the reference input voltage for the B port. To improve signal integrity, the SN74GTLPH16612 B-port output transition time is optimized for distributed backplane loads. VCC (5 V) supplies the internal and GTLP circuitry, while VCC (3.3 V) supplies the LVTTL output buffers. To ensure the high-impedance state during power up or power down, OE should be tied to VCC through a pullup resistor; the minimum value of the resistor is determined by the current-sinking capability of the driver. Active bus-hold circuitry holds unused or undriven LVTTL inputs at a valid logic state. Use of pullup or pulldown resistors with the bus-hold circuitry is not recommended. This device is fully specified for partial-power-down applications using Ioff. The Ioff circuitry disables the outputs, preventing damaging current backflow through the device when it is powered down. The SN74GTLPH16612 is characterized for operation from –40°C to 85°C. 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 DGG OR DL PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) OEAB LEAB A1 GND A2 A3 VCC (3.3 V) A4 A5 A6 GND A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 GND A13 A14 A15 VCC (3.3 V) A16 A17 GND A18 OEBA LEBA 1 56 2 55 3 54 4 53 5 52 6 51 7 50 8 49 9 48 10 47 11 46 12 45 13 44 14 43 15 42 16 41 17 40 18 39 19 38 20 37 21 36 22 35 23 34 24 33 25 32 26 31 27 30 28 29 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 CEAB CLKAB B1 GND B2 B3 VCC (5 V) B4 B5 B6 GND B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 GND B13 B14 B15 VREF B16 B17 GND B18 CLKBA CEBA • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 functional description Data flow in each direction is controlled by the clock-enables (CEAB and CEBA), latch-enables (LEAB and LEBA), clock (CLKAB and CLKBA), and output-enables (OEAB and OEBA). For A-to-B data flow, when CEAB is low, the device operates on the low-to-high transition of CLKAB for the flip-flop and on the high-to-low transition of LEAB for the latch path, i.e., if CEAB and LEAB are low, the A data is latched, regardless of the state of CLKAB (high or low) and if LEAB is high, the device is in transparent mode. When OEAB is low, the outputs are active. When OEAB is high, the outputs are in the high-impedance state. The data flow for B to A is similar to A to B, except that CEBA, OEBA, LEBA, and CLKBA are used. FUNCTION TABLE† INPUTS CEAB OEAB LEAB X H L L L OUTPUT B MODE CLKAB A X X X Z Isolation L H or L X L L H or L X B0‡ B0§ Latched storage of A data X L H X L L X L H X H H L L L ↑ L L L L L ↑ H H B0§ Transparent Clocked storage of A data H L L X X Clock inhibit † A-to-B data flow is shown. B-to-A data flow is similar, but uses OEBA, LEBA, CLKBA, and CEBA. ‡ Output level before the indicated steady-state input conditions were established, provided that CLKAB was high before LEAB went low. § Output level before the indicated steady-state input conditions were established. 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 logic diagram (positive logic) 35 VREF 1 OEAB CEAB 56 55 CLKAB 2 LEAB 28 LEBA 30 CLKBA CEBA 29 27 OEBA CE 1D 3 A1 54 B1 C1 CLK CE 1D C1 CLK To 17 Other Channels POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)† Supply voltage range, VCC: 3.3 V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 4.6 V 5 V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 7 V Input voltage range, VI (see Note 1): A-port and control inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 7 V B port and VREF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 4.6 V Voltage range applied to any output in the high or power-off state, VO (see Note 1): A port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 7 V B port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 4.6 V Current into any output in the low state, IO: A port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 mA B port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 mA Current into any A-port output in the high state, IO (see Note 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 mA Continuous current through each VCC or GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±100 mA Input clamp current, IIK (VI < 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –50 mA Output clamp current, IOK (VO < 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –50 mA Package thermal impedance, θJA (see Note 3): DGG package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64°C/W DL package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56°C/W Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. The input and output negative-voltage ratings may be exceeded if the input and output clamp-current ratings are observed. 2. This current flows only when the output is in the high state and VO > VCC. 3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51. recommended operating conditions (see Notes 4 through 6) VCC Supply voltage VTT Termination voltage VREF Supply voltage VI Input voltage VIH High level input voltage High-level VIL Low level input voltage Low-level IIK IOH Input clamp current IOL MIN NOM MAX 3.3 V 3.15 3.3 3.45 5V 4.75 5 5.25 GTL 1.14 1.2 1.26 GTLP 1.35 1.5 1.65 GTL 0.74 0.8 0.87 GTLP 0.87 1 1.1 B port VTT 5.5 Except B port B port Except B port B port Except B port High-level output current Low level output current Low-level VREF+50 mV 2 UNIT V V V V V VREF–50 mV 0.8 V –18 mA A port –32 mA A port 64 B port 34 mA TA Operating free-air temperature –40 85 °C NOTES: 4. All unused control inputs of the device must be held at VCC or GND to ensure proper device operation. Refer to the TI application report Implications of Slow or Floating CMOS Inputs, literature number SCBA004. 5. Normal connection sequence is GND first, VCC = 5 V second, and VCC = 3.3 V, I/O, control inputs, VTT, and VREF (any order) last. 6. VTT and RTT can be adjusted to accommodate backplane impedances as long as they do not exceed the dc absolute IOL ratings. Similarly, VREF can be adjusted to optimize noise margins, but normally is 2/3 VTT. 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER VIK VOH A portt TEST CONDITIONS VCC (3.3 V) = 3.15 V, VCC (5 V) = 4.75 V, VCC (3.3 V) = 3.15 V to 3.45 V, VCC (5 V) = 4.75 V to 5.25 V 3 V) = 3 15 V, V VCC (3 (3.3 3.15 VOL II A port IOZL ICC (3.3 (3 3 V) ICC (5 V) Ciio 75 V VCC (5 V) = 4 4.75 IOH = –100 µA VCC (3.3 V) –0.2 IOH = –8 mA IOH = –32 mA 2.4 UNIT –1.2 V V 2 IOL = 100 µA IOL = 16 mA VCC (5 V) = 4 4.75 75 V MAX 0.2 0.4 IOL = 32 mA IOL = 64 mA 0.55 0.5 0.65 VCC (3.3 V) = 3.15 V, VCC (5 V) = 4.75 V, IOL = 34 mA VCC (3.3 V) = 0 or 3.45 V, VCC (5 V) = 0 or 5.25 V, VI = 5.5 V 10 A port VCC (5 V) = 5.25 V VI = 5.5 V VI = VCC (3.3 V) 20 VCC (3.3 V) = 3.45 V, VI = 0 VI = VCC (3.3 V) –30 A port A port VCC (3 (3.3 3 V) = 3 3.45 45 V, V VCC (5 V) = 5 5.25 25 V VCC = 0, VI or VO = 0 to 4.5 V VCC (3.3 V) = 3.15 V, VCC (5 V) = 4.75 V VCC (3.3 V) = 3.45 V, VCC (3.3 V) = 3.45 V, VCC (5 V) = 5.25 V, VCC (5 V) = 5.25 V, B port VCC (3.3 V) = 3.45 V, VCC (3.3 V) = 3.45 V, VCC (5 V) = 5.25 V, VCC (5 V) = 5.25 V, A or B ort port VCC (3 (3.3 3 V) = 3 3.45 45 V V, VCC (5 V) = 5.25 5 25 V, V IO = 0, 0 VI = VCC (3.3 (3 3 V) or GND§, VI = VTT or GND¶ B port A port A or B ort port ∆ICC (3.3 V)# Ci II = –18 mA Control inputs Ioff IOZH VCC (3 (3.3 3 V) = 3 3.15 15 V, V TYP† B port B port II(hold) ( ) MIN Control inputs A port B port VCC (3 (3.3 3 V) = 3 3.45 45 V V, VCC (5 V) = 5.25 5 25 V, V IO = 0, 0 VI = VCC (3.3 (3 3 V) or GND§, VI = VTT or GND¶ 1 –5 100 µA –75 ±500 1 VO = 1.5 V VO = 0 10 –1 VO = 0.65 V Outputs high –10 µA µA 1 Outputs low 5 Outputs disabled mA 1 Outputs high 120 Outputs low 120 Outputs disabled 120 VCC (3.3 V) = 3.45 V, VCC (5 V) = 5.25 V, One A-port or control input at 2.7 V, Other A-port or control inputs at VCC (3.3 V) or GND 1 4 VO = 3.15 V or 0 VO = 1.5 V or 0 µA 75 VI = 0 to VCC (3.3 V)‡ VO = VCC (3.3 V) VI = 3.15 V or 0 µA µ 5 VI = 0 VI = 0.8 V VI = 2 V V 8.5 8 mA mA pF pF † All typical values are at VCC (3.3 V) = 3.3 V, VCC (5 V) = 5 V, TA = 25°C. ‡ This is the bus-hold maximum dynamic current. It is the minimum overdrive current required to switch the input from one state to another. § This is the VI for A-port or control inputs. ¶ This is the VI for B port. # This is the increase in supply current for each input that is at the specified TTL voltage level rather than VCC or GND. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 timing requirements over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature, VTT = 1.5 V and VREF = 1 V for GTLP (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 2) MIN fclock Clock frequency tw Pulse duration tsu th Setup time Hold time LEAB or LEBA high 3.3 CLKAB or CLKBA high or low 5.7 A before CLKAB↑ 1 B before CLKBA↑ 1.8 A before LEAB↓ 0.5 B before LEBA↓ 1.2 CEAB before CLKAB↑ 1.2 CEBA before CLKBA↑ 1.4 A after CLKAB↑ 1.9 B after CLKBA↑ 0.5 A after LEAB↓ 2.7 B after LEBA↓ 3.5 CEAB after CLKAB↑ 1.2 CEBA after CLKBA↑ 1.1 MAX UNIT 85 MHz ns ns ns switching characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature, VTT = 1.5 V and VREF = 1 V for GTLP (see Figure 2) PARAMETER FROM (INPUT) TO (OUTPUT) fmax B LEAB CLKAB ten tdis tr tf B OEAB A LEBA OEBA A † All typical values are at VCC (3.3 V) = 3.3 V, VCC (5 V) = 5 V, TA = 25°C. 8 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 UNIT MHz 6.9 3.2 7.3 3.4 7.8 2.8 7 2.8 7 2.6 Transition time, B outputs (80% to 20%) CLKBA ten tdis MAX 2.5 Transition time, B outputs (20% to 80%) B tpd TYP† 85 A tpd MIN ns ns ns 2.6 ns 1.5 5.7 1.8 5.7 2.3 5.5 1.8 6.1 1.8 6.1 ns ns SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VTT 6V 500 Ω From Output Under Test S1 Open GND CL = 50 pF (see Note A) 500 Ω 25 Ω S1 Open 6V GND TEST tPLH/tPHL tPLZ/tPZL tPHZ/tPZH From Output Under Test CL = 30 pF (see Note A) LOAD CIRCUIT FOR A OUTPUTS LOAD CIRCUIT FOR B OUTPUTS tw 3V Input 3V Timing Input 1.5 V 0V 1.5 V 1.5 V tsu 0V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PULSE DURATION 3V Input Test Point 1.5 V 1.5 V th 3V Data Input A Port 1.5 V Data Input B Port VREF 1.5 V 0V VTT VREF 0V 0V tPLH VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS SETUP AND HOLD TIMES tPHL VTT Output VREF VREF 3V VOL VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PROPAGATION DELAY TIMES (A port to B port) 0V tPLH Output Waveform 1 S1 at 6 V (see Note B) 1.5 V 1.5 V VOL 3V 1.5 V Output Waveform 2 S1 at GND (see Note B) VOL + 0.3 V VOL tPHZ tPZH tPHL VOH Output 1.5 V tPLZ tPZL VREF VREF 1.5 V 0V VTT Input Output Control 1.5 V VOH VOH – 0.3 V ≈0 V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS ENABLE AND DISABLE TIMES (A port) VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PROPAGATION DELAY TIMES (B port to A port) NOTES: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. B. Waveform 1 is for an output with internal conditions such that the output is low except when disabled by the output control. Waveform 2 is for an output with internal conditions such that the output is high except when disabled by the output control. C. All input pulses are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω, tr ≤ 2.5 ns, tf ≤ 2.5 ns. D. The outputs are measured one at a time with one transition per measurement. Figure 2. Load Circuits and Voltage Waveforms POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 SN74GTLPH16612 18-BIT LVTTL-TO-GTLP UNIVERSAL BUS TRANSCEIVER SCES326 – MARCH 2000 DISTRIBUTED-LOAD BACKPLANE SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS The previous switching characteristics table shows the switching characteristics of the device into a lumped load (Figure 2). However, the designer’s backplane application most likely is a distributed load, the physical representation as shown in Figure 3. This backplane, or distributed load, can be closely approximated to an RLC circuit, as in Figure 4. This device has been designed for optimum performance into this RLC circuit. The following switching characteristics table shows the switching characteristics of the device into the RLC load, to help the designer better understand the performance of the GTLP device in this typical backplane. See www.ti.com/sc/gtlp for more information. 38 Ω .25” Z0 = 70 Ω 2” 2” .25” 38 Ω 1.5 V 1.5 V 1.5 V Conn. Conn. Conn. Conn. 19 Ω 1” 1” 1” Rcvr 1” Rcvr From Output Under Test LL = 19 nH Rcvr CL = 9 pF Drvr Slot 1 Test Point Slot 2 Slot 9 Slot 10 Figure 3. Medium-Drive Test Backplane Figure 4. Medium-Drive RLC Network switching characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature, VTT = 1.5 V and VREF = 1 V for GTLP (see Figure 4)† FROM (INPUT) PARAMETER TO (OUTPUT) fmax TYP‡ 85 A tpd ten tdis MHz 4.3 ns 4.4 B OEAB tr tf UNIT 3.6 B LEAB CLKAB 4.1 4.3 ns Rise time, B outputs (20% to 80%) 1.4 ns Fall time, B outputs (80% to 20%) 2.1 ns † TI SPICE simulation data ‡ All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C. 10 MIN POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. Of course, customers are responsible for their applications using TI components. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated