DATA SHEET MOS INTEGRATED CIRCUIT µPD178F098 8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCONTROLLER DESCRIPTION The µPD178F098 is a flash memory model of the µPD178076, 178078, 178096, and 178098, and is provided with a flash memory to/from which data can be written/erased with the microcontroller mounted on a printed circuit board. For the detailed functional description, refer to the following User’s Manuals: µPD178078, 178098 Subseries User’s Manual: U12790E 78K/0 Series User’s Manual - Instruction : U12326E FEATURES • Serial interface (UART mode) • IEBusTM controller • Pin-compatible with mask ROM models (except VPP pin) • Flash memory: 60K bytesNote • Internal high-speed RAM: 1024 bytes • Internal extension RAM: 2048 bytesNote • Buffer RAM: 32 bytes • Operable at same supply voltage as mask ROM models (VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V during PLL operation) Note The capacities of the flash memory and internal extension RAM can be changed using the memory size select register (IMS) and internal extension RAM size select register (IXS). Remark For the differences between the flash memory model and mask ROM models, refer to 1. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN µPD178F098 AND MASK ROM MODELS. The electrical specifications (such as supply current) in the µPD178F098 differ from those of the mask ROM models. Confirm these differences before mass-producing any application set. APPLICATION FIELD Car stereos ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Package µPD178F098GF-3BA 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20) The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. Not all devices/types available in every country. Please check with local NEC representative for availability and additional information. Document No. U12920EJ1V0DS00 Date Published June 2000 N CP(K) Printed in Japan The mark shows major revised points. © 1997, 2000 µPD178F098 DEVELOPMENT OF 8-BIT DTS SERIES Models under mass production Models under development Flash memory model or PROM model 80 pins µ PD178F048 Mask ROM model 80 pins Internal OSD controller 8-bit PWM × 4 channels 14-bit PWM × 1 channel µ PD178048 subseries Internal OSD controller 8-bit PWM × 4 channels 14-bit PWM × 1 channel 100 pins µ PD178098 subseries Internal IEBus controller 100 pins µ PD178F098 Internal IEBus controller and UART 100 pins µ PD178078 subseries Internal UART 80 pins µ PD178F134 80 pins Internal LCD and UART 80 pins µ PD178F124 Internal LCD and UART 80 pins Internal UART 80 pins µPD178034 subseries µPD178024 subseries Internal UART 80 pins µPD178018A subseries 80 pins µPD178003 subseries µPD178P018A Limits functions of µPD178018A subseries 2 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 FUNCTIONAL OUTLINE (1/2) Item Functions Internal Flash memory 60K bytes memory High-speed RAM 1024 bytes Buffer RAM 32 bytes Extension RAM 2048 bytes General-purpose register 8 bits × 32 registers (8 bits × 8 registers × 4 banks) Minimum instruction execution • 0.32 µs/0.64 µs/1.27 µs/2.54 µs/5.08 µs (with crystal resonator of fX = 6.3 MHz) time • 0.44 µs/0.89 µs/1.78 µs/3.56 µs/7.11 µs (with crystal resonator of f X = 4.5 MHz) Note 1 Instruction set • • • • I/O port Total : 80 pins • CMOS input : • CMOS I/O : 64 pins 16-bit operation Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits) Bit manipulation (set, reset, test Boolean operation) BCD adjustment, etc. • N-ch open-drain output : A/D converter 8-bit resolution × 8 channels Serial interface • • • • 8 pins 3-wire/SBI/2-wire/I2C busNote 2 mode selectable :1 3-wire mode :1 3-wire mode (with automatic transmit/receive function of up to 32 bytes): 1 UART mode :1 IEBus controller Provided Timer • • • • Buzzer output 8 pins Basic timer (timer carry FF (10 Hz)) 16-bit timer/event counter 8-bit timer/event counter Watchdog timer : : : : 1 1 2 1 channel channel channel channel channel channel channels channel BEEP0 pin: 1 kHz, 1.5 kHz, 3 kHz, 4 kHz BUZ pin: 0.77 kHz, 1.54 kHz, 3.08 kHz, 6.15 kHz (with crystal resonator of fX = 6.3 MHz) Vectored Maskable Internal : 15, External: 8 interrupt Non-maskable Internal: 1 source Software 1 PLL Division mode frequency 2 types • Direct division mode (VCOL pin) synthesizer • Pulse swallow mode (VCOL and VCOH pins) Reference frequency Seven types selectable in software (1, 3, 9, 10, 12.5, 25, 50 kHz) Charge pump Error out output: 2 pins Phase comparator Unlock detectable in software Notes 1. When using the IEBus controller, the 4.5-MHz crystal resonator cannot be used. Use the 6.3-MHz crystal resonator. 2. When the I2C bus mode is used (including when the mode is implemented in software without using the peripheral hardware), consult NEC when ordering a mask. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 3 µPD178F098 (2/2) Item Frequency counter Functions Frequency measurement • AMIFC pin: For 450-kHz counting • FMIFC pin: For 450-kHz/10.7-MHz counting Standby function • HALT mode • STOP mode Reset • • • • • • Supply voltage • VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V (during CPU, PLL operation) • VDD = 3.5 to 5.5 V (during CPU operation) Package 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20) Note 4 Reset by RESET pin Internal reset by watchdog timer Reset by power-ON clear circuit Detection of less than 4.5 VNote (Reset does not occur, however.) Detection of less than 3.5 VNote (during CPU operation) Detection of less than 2.3 VNote (in STOP mode) These voltages are the maximum values. In practice, the chip may be reset at voltages lower than these. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 PIN CONFIGURATION (Top View) • 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20) GNDPORT VDDPORT P47 P46 P45 P44 P43 P42 P41 P40 P67 P66 P65 P64 P63 P62 P61 P60 GND1 P07/INTP7 µPD178F098GF-3BA 100 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 1 80 2 79 3 78 4 77 5 76 6 75 7 74 8 73 9 72 10 71 11 70 12 69 13 68 14 67 15 66 16 65 17 64 18 63 19 62 20 61 21 60 22 59 23 58 24 57 25 56 26 55 27 54 28 53 29 52 30 51 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 P06/INTP6 P05/INTP5 P04/INTP4 P124 P123 P122 P121/RX0 P120/TX0 P77 P76 P75/TXD0 P74/RXD0 P137 P136 P135 P134 P133 P132 P131/TO51 P130/TO50 P37/BUZ P36/BEEP0 P35/TI51 P34/TI50 P33/TI01 P32/TI00 P31/TO0 P30/VM45 P03/INTP3 P02/INTP2 P17/ANI7 AVSS REGCPU VDD REGOSC X2 X1 GND0 P100 GND2 P101/AMIFC P102/FMIFC VDDPLL VCOH VCOL GNDPLL EO0 EO1 VPP RESET P00/INTP0 P01/INTP1 P20/SI1 P21/SO1 P22/SCK1 P23/STB P24/BUSY P25/SI0/SB0/SDA0 P26/SO0/SB1/SDA1 P27/SCK0/SCL P70/SI3 P71/SO3 P72/SCK3 P73 P50 P51 P52 P53 P54 P55 P56 P57 P10/ANI0 P11/ANI1 P12/ANI2 P13/ANI3 AVDD P14/ANI4 P15/ANI5 P16/ANI6 Cautions 1. Directly connect the VPP pin to GND0, GND1, or GND2 in normal operating mode. 2. Keep the voltage at AVDD, VDDPORT, and VDDPLL same as that at the VDD pin. 3. Keep the voltage at AVSS, GNDPORT, and GNDPLL same as that at GND0, GND1, or GND2. 4. Connect each of the REGOSC and REGCPU pins to GND via a 0.1-µF capacitor. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 5 µPD178F098 Pin Name AMIFC : AM intermediate frequency counter input REGOSC : Regulator for oscillation circuit RESET : Reset input ANI0-ANI7 : A/D converter input RXD0 : UART0 serial data input AVDD : A/D converter power supply RX0 : IEBus serial data input : Serial data bus input/output AVSS : A/D converter ground SB0, SB1 BUSY : Busy output SCK0, SCK1, SCK3 : Serial clock input/output BEEP0, BUZ : Buzzer output SCL : Serial clock input/output EO0, EO1 : Error out output SDA0, SDA1 : Serial data input/output FMIFC : FM intermediate frequency counter SI0, SI1, SI3 : Serial data input SO0, SO1, SO3 : Serial data output input GNDPLL : PLL ground STB : Strobe output GND0-GND2 : Ground TI00, TI01 : 16-bit timer capture trigger input INTP0-INTP7 : Interrupt input TI50, TI51 : 8-bit timer clock input P00-P07 : Port 0 TO0 : 16-bit timer output P10-P17 : Port 1 TO50, TO51 : 8-bit timer output P20-P27 : Port 2 TXD0 : UART0 serial data output P30-P37 : Port 3 TX0 : IEBus serial data output P40-P47 : Port 4 VCOL, VCOH : Local oscillation input P50-P57 : Port 5 VDDPORT : Port power supply P60-P67 : Port 6 VDDPLL : PLL power supply P70-P77 : Port 7 VDD : Power supply P100-P102 : Port 10 VM45 : VDD = 4.5 V monitor output P120-P124 : Port 12 VPP : Programming power supply P130-P137 : Port 13 X1, X2 : Crystal resonator REGCPU : Regulator for CPU power supply 6 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 BLOCK DIAGRAM TO0/P31 TI00/P32 TI01/P33 16-bit TIMER/ EVENT COUNTER PORT 0 8 P00-P07 TI50/P34 TO50/P130 8-bit TIMER/ EVENT COUNTER 50 PORT 1 8 P10-P17 TI51/P35 TO51/P131 8-bit TIMER/ EVENT COUNTER 51 PORT 2 8 P20-P27 WATCHDOG TIMER PORT 3 8 P30-P37 BASIC TIMER PORT 4 8 P40-P47 PORT 5 8 P50-P57 PORT 6 8 P60-P67 PORT 7 8 P70-P77 PORT10 3 P100-P102 PORT 12 5 P120-P124 PORT 13 8 P130-P137 8 ANI0/P10ANI7/P17 SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25 SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26 SCK0/SCL/P27 SI1/P20 SO1/P21 SCK1/P22 STB/P23 BUSY/P24 SERIAL INTERFACE 1 SI3/P70 SO3/P71 SCK3/P72 SERIAL INTERFACE 3 RXD0/P74 TXD0/P75 UART0 RX0/P121 TX0/P120 IEBus0 INTP0/P00INTP7/P07 BEEP0/P36 BUZ/P37 RESET X1 X2 VDDPORT GNDPORT VDD VM45/P30 REGOSC REGCPU GND0 78K/0 CPU CORE SERIAL INTERFACE 0 8 FLASH MEMORY (60K bytes) RAM (3K bytes) INTERRUPT CONTROL A/D CONVERTER BUZZER OUTPUT SYSTEM CONTROL RESET CPU FREQUENCY COUNTER AMIFC/P101 FMIFC/P102 PERIPHERAL PLL VOLTAGE REGULATOR AVDD AVSS VOSC VCPU PLL VOLTAGE REGULATOR EO0 EO1 VCOL VCOH VDDPLL GNDPLL IC GND2 GND1 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 7 µPD178F098 CONTENTS 1. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN µPD178F098 AND MASK ROM MODELS ..................................... 9 2. PIN 2.1 2.2 2.3 3. MEMORY SIZE SELECT REGISTER (IMS) ................................................................................. 17 4. INTERNAL EXTENSION RAM SIZE SELECT REGISTER (IXS) .............................................. 18 5. INTERRUPT FUNCTION ................................................................................................................. 19 6. FLASH MEMORY PROGRAMMING .............................................................................................. 6.1 Selecting Communication Mode ........................................................................................... 6.2 Flash Memory Programming Function ................................................................................. 6.3 Connecting Flashpro III .......................................................................................................... 7. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................... 26 8. PACKAGE DRAWING ..................................................................................................................... 44 9. RECOMMENDED SOLDERING CONDITIONS ............................................................................. 45 FUNCTION LIST ...................................................................................................................... 10 Port Pins .................................................................................................................................. 10 Pins Other Than Port Pins ...................................................................................................... 11 I/O Circuits of Pins and Recommended Connections of Unused Pins ............................. 13 23 23 24 25 APPENDIX A. DEVELOPMENT TOOLS ............................................................................................... 46 APPENDIX B. RELATED DOCUMENTS .............................................................................................. 48 8 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 1. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN µPD178F098 AND MASK ROM MODELS The µPD178F098 is provided with a flash memory to/from which data can be written/erased with the device mounted on a printed circuit board. The differences between the flash memory model (µPD178F098) and mask ROM models (µPD178076, 178078, 178096, and 178098) are shown in Table 1-1. Table 1-1. Differences between µPD178F098 and Mask ROM Models µPD178F098 Item Internal memory µPD178076, 178078 µPD178096, 178098 ROM structure Flash memory Mask ROM ROM capacity 60K bytes µPD178076: 48K bytes µPD178078: 60K bytes µPD178096: 48K bytes µPD178098: 60K bytes External 2048 bytes µPD178076: 1024 bytes µPD178078: 2048 bytes µPD178096: 1024 bytes µPD178098: 2048 bytes Internal ROM capacity selected by memory size select register (IMS) Equivalent to mask ROM model µPD178076: CCH µPD178078: CFH µPD178096: CCH µPD178098: CFH Internal extension RAM capacity selected by internal extension RAM size select register (IXS) Equivalent to mask ROM model µPD178076: 0AH µPD178078: 08H µPD178096: 0AH µPD178098: 08H Serial interface 4 • • • • IEBus controller Provided extension RAM channels 3-wire/SBI/2-wire/I2C bus mode selectable 3-wire (with automatic transmit/receive function) 3-wire UART 3 channels • 3-wire/SBI/2-wire/I2C bus mode selectable • 3-wire (with automatic transmit/receive function) • 3-wire Not provided Provided 21 Interrupt source 24 22 IC pin Not provided Provided VPP pin Provided Not provided Electrical specifications and recommended soldering conditions See the relevant data sheet Caution The noise resistance and noise radiation differ between flash memory versions and mask ROM versions. When considering the replacement of flash memory versions with mask ROM versions in the process from trial manufacturing to mass production, adequate evaluation should be carried out using CS products (not ES products) of mask ROM versions. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 9 µPD178F098 2. PIN FUNCTION LIST 2.1 Port Pins (1/2) Pin Name P00-P07 I/O I/O Function Port 0. 8-bit I/O port. At Reset Shared by: Input INTP0-INTP7 Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. P10-P17 Input Port 1. 8-bit input port. Input ANI0-ANI7 P20 I/O Port 2. Input SI1 P21 8-bit I/O port. SO1 P22 Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. SCK1 P23 STB P24 BUSY P25 SI0/SB0/SDA0 P26 SO0/SB1/SDA1 P27 SCK0/SCL P30 I/O Port 3. Input P31 8-bit I/O port. P32 Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. VM45 TO0 TI00 P33 TI01 P34 TI50 P35 TI51 P36 BEEP0 P37 P40-47 BUZ I/O Port 4. Input – Input – Input – 8-bit I/O port. Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. P50-P57 I/O Port 5. 8-bit I/O port. Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. P60-P67 I/O Port 6. 8-bit I/O port. Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. P70 I/O Port 7. Input SI3 P71 8-bit I/O port. SO3 P72 Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. SCK3 P73 – P74 RXD0 P75 TXD0 P76, P77 10 – Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 2.1 Port Pins (2/2) Pin Name P100 I/O I/O P101 At Reset Port 12. 5-bit I/O port. P122-P124 Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. Output FMIFC Input P121 P130 – AMIFC Can be set in input or output mode in 1-bit units. I/O Shared by: Input 3-bit I/O port. P102 P120 Function Port 10. TX0 RX0 – Port 13. Low-level TO50 P131 8-bit output port. output TO51 P132-P137 N-ch open-drain output port (15 V withstand) – 2.2 Pins Other Than Port Pins (1/2) Pin Name INTP0-INTP7 I/O Input Function At Reset External maskable interrupt input whose valid edge Input Shared by: P00-P07 (rising edge, falling edge, or both rising and falling edges) can be specified. SI0 Input Serial data input to serial interface. Input SI1 SI3 SO0 P70 Output Serial data output from serial interface. Input SO1 P71 I/O SB1 Serial data input/output to/from N-ch open drain I/O Input serial interface. P25/SI0/SDA0 P26/SO0/SDA1 SDA0 P25/SI0/SB0 SDA1 SCK0 P26/SB1/SDA1 P21 SO3 SB0 P25/SB0/SDA0 P20 P26/SO0/SB1 I/O Serial clock input/output to/from serial interface. Input P27/SCL SCK1 P22 SCK3 P72 SCL STB N-ch open drain I/O Output Strobe output for serial interface automatic transmission/ P27/SCK0 Input P23 Input P24 reception. BUSY Input Busy input for serial interface automatic transmission/ reception. VW45 Output V DD = 4.5 V monitor output Input P30 TI00 Input External count clock input to 16-bit timer (TM0). Input P32 TI01 TI50 P33 Input TI51 TO0 Output TO50 TO51 BEEP0 External count clock input to 8-bit timer (TM50). Input External count clock input to 8-bit timer (TM51). Output P34 P35 16-bit timer (TM0) output. Input P31 8-bit timer (TM50) output. Low-level P130 8-bit timer (TM51) output. output P131 Buzzer output. Input P36 BUZ P37 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 11 µPD178F098 2.2 Pins Other Than Port Pins (2/2) Pin Name I/O ANI0-ANI7 Input EO0, EO1 Output Function Analog input to A/D converter. Error out output from charge pump of PLL frequency At Reset Shared by: Input P10-P17 – – – – synthesizer. VCOL Input Inputs local oscillation frequency of PLL (in HF and MF modes). VCOH Input Inputs local oscillation frequency of PLL (in VHF mode). AMIFC Input Input to AM intermediate frequency counter. Input – P101 – FMIFC Input Input to FM intermediate frequency or AM intermediate Input P102 Serial data input to asynchronous serial interface (UART0). Input P74 Serial data output from asynchronous serial interface Input P75 frequency counter. RXD0 Input TXD0 Output (UART0). TX0 Output IEBus controller data output. Input P120 RX0 Input IEBus controller data input. Input P121 RESET Input System reset input. – – X1 Input Connection of crystal resonator for system clock oscillation. – – – – – – – – X2 – REGOSC – Regulator for oscillation circuit. Connect this pin to GND via 0.1-µF capacitor. REGCPU – Regulator for CPU power supply. Connect this pin to GND via 0.1-µF capacitor. VDD – Positive power supply. – – GND0-GND2 – Ground. – – VDDPORT – Port power supply. – – GNDPORT – Port ground. – – AVDD – A/D converter positive power supply. Keep voltage at this – – AVSS – – – VDDPLL Note – PLL positive power supply. – – GNDPLLNote – PLL ground. – – VPP – Pin to apply high voltage at program writing/verifying. – – pin same as that at VDD0. A/D converter ground. Keep voltage at this pin same as that at GND0 through GND2. Directly connect this pin to GND0, GND1, or GND2 in normal operating mode. Note 12 Connect a capacitor of about 1000 pF between the VDDPLL and GNDPLL pins. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 2.3 I/O Circuits of Pins and Recommended Connections of Unused Pins Table 2-1 shows the types of the I/O circuits of the respective pins and the recommended connections of the pins when they are not used. For the configuration of the I/O circuit of each pin, refer to Figure 2-1. Table 2-1. I/O Circuit Type of Each Pin (1/2) Pin Name I/O Circuit Type I/O Recommended Connection of Unused Pin P00/INTP0-P07/INTP7 8 I/O Input: Connect each of them to VDD, VDDPORT, GND0 to GND2, or GNDPORT via resistor. Output: Leave open. P10/ANI0-P17/ANI7 25 Input Connect these pins to VDD, VDDPORT, GND0 to GND2 or GNDPORT. P20/SI1 5-K I/O Input: Connect each of them to VDD, VDDPORT, GND0 to GND2, or GNDPORT via resistor. Output: Leave open. P21/SO1 5 P22/SCK1 5-K P23/STB 5 P24/BUSY 5-K P25/SI0/SB0/SDA0 10-D P26/SO0/SB1/SDA1 P27/SCK0/SCL P30/VM45 5 P31/TO0 P32/TI00 5-K P33/TI01 P34/TI50 P35/TI51 P36/BEEP0 5 P37/BUZ P40-P47 P50-P57 P60-P67 P70/SI3 5-K P71/SO3 5 P72/SCK3 5-K P73 5 P74/RXD0 5-K P75/TXD0 5 P76, P77 P100 P101/AMIFC P102/FMIFC P120/TX0 P121/RX0 5-K P122-P124 5 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 13 µPD178F098 Table 2-1. I/O Circuit Type of Each Pin (2/2) Pin Name P130/TO50 I/O Circuit Type 19 I/O Output Recommended Connection of Unused Pin Open these pins. P131/TO51 P132-P137 EO0 DTS-EO1 EO1 VCOL, VCOH DTS-AMP2 REGOSC, REGCPU RESET AVDD AVSS Input – 2 Disable PLL in software and select pull-down. – Connect these pins to GND0, GND1, or GND2 via 0.1-µF capacitor. – Connect this pin to VDD or VDDPORT. Input – – Directly connect these pins to GND0 to GND2, or GNDPORT. VPP 14 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 Figure 2-1. I/O Circuits of Respective Pins (1/2) Type 5 Type 2 VDD data P-ch IN/OUT IN output disable Schmitt trigger input with hysteresis characteristics N-ch input enable Type 8 Type 5-K VDD VDD data P-ch data P-ch IN/OUT IN/OUT output disable N-ch output disable N-ch input enable Type 19 Type 10-D VDD data P-ch OUT IN/OUT open drain output disable N-ch N-ch input enable Remark VDD and GND are the positive power supply and ground pins for all port pins. Take VDD and GND as VDDPORT and GNDPORT. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 15 µPD178F098 Figure 2-1. I/O Circuits of Respective Pins (2/2) Type 25 Type DTS-EO1 VDDPLL P-ch Comparator + DW – N-ch VREF (Threshold voltage) P-ch IN OUT input enable UP N-ch GNDPLL Type DTS-AMP VDDPLL IN Note GNDPLL Note This switch is selectable in software only for the VCOL and VCOH pins. Remark VDD and GND are the positive power supply and ground pins for all port pins. Take VDD and GND as VDDPORT and GNDPORT. 16 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 3. MEMORY SIZE SELECT REGISTER (IMS) The internal memory capacity of the µPD178F098 can be changed using the memory size select register (IMS). By using this register, the memory of the µPD178F098 can be mapped in the same manner as a mask ROM model with a different internal memory capacity. Use an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction to set the IMS. This register is set to CFH at reset. Figure 3-1. Format of Memory Size Select Register (IMS) Symbol 7 6 5 4 IMS RAM2 RAM1 RAM0 RAM2 1 0 3 0 Others 0 Address At reset R/W FFF0H CFH R/W Selects internal high-speed RAM capacity 1024 bytes Setting prohibited RAM3 RAM2 RAM1 RAM0 Selects internal ROM capacity 1 1 0 0 48K bytes 1 1 1 1 60K bytes Others 1 ROM3 ROM2 ROM1 ROM0 RAM1 RAM0 1 2 Setting prohibited Table 3-1 shows the setting of IMS to perform the same memory mapping as that of a mask ROM model. Table 3-1. Setting of Memory Size Select Register Targeted Model Setting of IMS µPD178076, 178096 CCH µPD178078, 178098 CFH Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 17 µPD178F098 4. INTERNAL EXTENSION RAM SIZE SELECT REGISTER (IXS) The internal extention RAM capacity of the µPD178F098 can be changed using the internal extention RAM size select register (IXS). By using this register, the memory of the µPD178F098 can be mapped in the same manner as a mask ROM model with a different internal extention RAM capacity. Use an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction to set the IXS. This register is set to 0CH at reset. Figure 4-1. Format of Internal Extension RAM Size Select Register (IXS) Symbol 7 6 5 IXS 0 0 0 4 3 2 1 IXRAM4 IXRAM3 IXRAM2 IXRAM1 IXRAM0 IXRAM4 IXRAM3 IXRAM2 IXRAM1 IXRAM0 Address At reset R/W FFF4H 0CH R/W Selects internal extension RAM capacity 0 1 0 0 0 2048 bytes 0 1 0 1 0 1024 bytes Others 0 Setting prohibited Table 4-1 shows the setting of IXS to perform the same memory mapping as that of a mask ROM model. Table 4-1. Setting of Internal RAM Size Select Register 18 Targeted Model Setting of IXS µPD178076, 178096 0AH µPD178078, 178098 08H Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 5. INTERRUPT FUNCTION The µPD178F098 has the following three types and 24 sources of interrupts: • Non-maskable : 1Note • Maskable : 23Note • Software : 1 Note Two types of watchdog interrupt sources (INTWDT), non-maskable and maskable, are available, and either of them can be selected. Table 5-1. Interrupt Sources (1/2) Default Interrupt Type PriorityNote 1 Interrupt Source Name Trigger Internal/ External Vector Basic Table Configuration Address TypeNote 2 Internal 0004H Non-maskable – INTWDT Overflow of watchdog timer (when watchdog timer mode 1 is selected) Maskable 0 INTWDT Overflow of watchdog timer (when interval timer mode is selected) 1 INTP0 Pin input edge detection 2 INTP1 0008H 3 INTP2 000AH 4 INTP3 000CH 5 INTP4 000EH 6 INTP5 0010H 7 INTP6 0012H 8 INTP7 0014H 9 INTCSI0 End of transfer by serial interface 0 10 INTCSI1 End of transfer by serial interface 1 0018H 11 INTCSI3 End of transfer by serial interface 3 001AH 12 INTTM50 Generation of coincidence signal of 8-bit timer/event counter 50 001CH 13 INTTM51 Generation of coincidence signal of 8-bit timer/event counter 51 001EH 14 INTSER0 Reception error of serial interface UART0 0020H 15 INTSR0 End of reception by serial interface UART0 0022H (A) (B) External Internal 0006H 0016H 16 INTST0 End of transmission by serial interface UART0 0024H 17 INTBTM0 Generation of coincidence signal of basic 0026H (C) (B) timer Notes 1. If two or more maskable interrupts occur at the same time, they are acknowledged or kept pending according to their default priorities. The default priority 0 is the highest, while 22 is the lowest. 2. (A) to (E) under the heading Basic Configuration Type corresponds to (A) to (E) in Figure 5-1. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 19 µPD178F098 Table 5-1. Interrupt Sources (2/2) Default Interrupt Type PriorityNote 1 Maskable 18 19 Software Internal/ External Vector Basic Table Configuration Address Type Note 2 Generation of signal indicating coincidence between 16-bit timer counter (TM0) and capture/compare register (CR00) (when CR00 is used as compare register) Internal 0028H Detection of input edge of TI00/P32 pin (when CR00 is used as capture register) External Generation of signal indicating coincidence between 16-bit timer counter (TM0) and capture/compare register (CR01) (when CR01 is used as compare register) Internal Detection of input edge of TI01/P33 pin (when CR01 is used as capture register) External Internal Interrupt Source Name INTTM00 INTTM01 Trigger (B) (D) 002AH (B) (D) 20 INTIE1 IEBus0 data access request 21 INTIE2 IEBus0 communication error and start/end of communication 002EH 22 INTAD End of conversion by A/D converter AD1 0030H (B) – BRK Execution of BRK instruction 003EH (E) – 002CH (B) Notes 1. If two or more maskable interrupts occur at the same time, they are acknowledged or kept pending according to their default priorities. The default priority 0 is the highest, while 22 is the lowest. 2. (A) to (E) under the heading Basic Configuration Type corresponds to (A) to (E) in Figure 5-1. 20 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 Figure 5-1. Basic Configuration of Interrupt Function (1/2) (A) Internal non-maskable interrupt Internal bus Interrupt request Vector table address generation circuit Priority control circuit Standby release signal (B) Internal maskable interrupt Internal bus MK Interrupt request IE PR ISP Priority control circuit IF Vector table address generation circuit Standby release signal (C) External maskable interrupt (INTP0 through INTP7) Internal bus External interrupt rising/falling edge enable registers (EGP, EGN) Interrupt request Edge detection circuit MK IF IE PR Priority control circuit ISP Vector table address generation circuit Standby release signal Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 21 µPD178F098 Figure 5-1. Basic Configuration of Interrupt Function (2/2) (D) External maskable interrupts (INTTM00, INTTM01) Internal bus Prescaler mode register (PRM0) Interrupt request Edge detection circuit MK IF IE PR ISP Priority control circuit Vector table address generation circuit Standby release signal (E) Software interrupt Internal bus Interrupt request Priority control circuit Remark IF : Interrupt request flag IE : Interrupt enable flag ISP : In-service priority flag MK : Interrupt mask flag PR : Priority specification flag 22 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 Vector table address generation circuit µPD178F098 6. FLASH MEMORY PROGRAMMING The program memory provided in the µPD178F098 is flash memory. The flash memory can be written on-board, i.e., with the µPD178F098 mounted on the target system. To do so, connect a dedicated flash writer (Flashpro III (Part number FL-PR3, PG-FP3)) to the host machine and target system. Remark FL-PR3 is a product of Naito Densei Machida Mfg. Co., Ltd. 6.1 Selecting Communication Mode The flash memory is written by using Flashpro III and by means of serial communication. Select a communication mode from those listed in Table 6-1. To select a communication mode, the format shown in Figure 6-1 is used. Each communication mode is selected depending on the number of VPP pulses shown in Table 6-1. Table 6-1. Communication Modes Communication Mode Number of Channels Pins Used 3-wire serial I/O (SIO3) 1 SI3/P70 SO3/P71 UART0 1 RXD0/P74 TXD0/P75 Number of VPP Pulses 0 SCK3/P72 8 Caution Be sure to select a communication mode by the number of VPP pulses shown in Table 6-1. Figure 6-1. Communication Mode Selection Format VPP pulse 10 V VPP VDD GND VDD RESET GND Flash memory writing mode Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 23 µPD178F098 6.2 Flash Memory Programming Function An operation such as writing the flash memory is performed when a command or data is transmitted/received in the selected communication mode. The major flash memory programming functions are listed in Table 6-2. Table 6-2. Major Flash Memory Programming Functions Function Description Batch erase Erases all memory contents. Batch blank check Checks erased status of entire memory. Data write Writes data to flash memory starting from write start address and based on number of data (bytes) to be written). Batch verify 24 Compares all contents of memory with input data. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 6.3 Connecting Flashpro III Connection with Flashpro III differs depending on the communication mode (3-wire serial I/O or UART0). Figures 6-2 and 6-3 show the connection in the respective modes. Figure 6-2. Connection of Flashpro III in 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode µ PD178F098 Flashpro III VPP VPP VDD VDD RESET RESET CLK X1 SCK SCK3 SO SI3 SI SO3 GND GND Figure 6-3. Connection of Flashpro III in UART0 Mode µ PD178F098 Flashpro III VPP VPP VDD VDD RESET RESET CLK X1 SO RXD0 SI TXD0 GND GND Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 25 µPD178F098 7. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Absolute Maximum Ratings (T A = 25 °C) Parameter Supply voltage Symbol Conditions VDD Unit –0.3 to +6.0 V 0.3 Note 1 V AVDD –0.3 to VDD + 0.3 Note 1 V VDDPLL –0.3 to VDD + 0.3 Note 1 V VPP –0.3 to +10.5 V –0.3 to VDD + 0.3 V –0.3 to VDD + 0.3 V V VDDPORT Input voltage VI Output voltage VO Output breakdown Rating –0.3 to VDD + Excluding P130 to P137 VBDS P130-P137 N-ch open drain 16 Analog input voltage VAN P10-P17 Analog input pin –0.3 to VDD + 0.3 V High-level output IOH 1 pin –8 mA Total of P00-P01, P20-P27, P50-P57, and P70-P73 –15 mA Total of P02-P07, P30-P37, P40-P47, P60-P67, –15 mA –10 mA Peak value 16 mA r.m.s 8 mA voltage current P74-P77, and P120-P124 Total of P100-P102 Low-level output IOL Note 2 1 pin current Total of P00-P01, P20-P27, P50-P57, Peak value 30 mA and P70-P73 r.m.s 15 mA Total of P02-P07, P30-P37, P40-P47, Peak value 30 mA P60-P67, P74-P77, P120-P124, and r.m.s 15 mA Peak value 20 mA r.m.s 10 mA –40 to +85 °C 10 to 40 °C –55 to +125 °C P130-P137 Total of P100-102 Operating temperature TA During normal operation During flash memory programming Storage temperature Tstg Notes 1. Keep the voltage at VDDPORT, AVDD, and VDDPLL same as that at the VDD pin. 2. Calculate the r.m.s as follows: [r.m.s] = [Peak value] x √Duty Caution If the rated value of even one of the above parameters is exceeded even momentarily, the quality of the product may be degraded. The absolute maximum ratings, therefore, are the values exceeding which the product may be physically damaged. Be sure to use the product with these ratings never being exceeded. Remark Unless otherwise specified, the characteristics of a multiplexed pin are the same as those of the corresponding port pin. 26 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 Recommended Supply Voltage Ranges (TA = –40 to +85 °C) Parameter Supply voltage Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit VDD1 When CPU and PLL are operating 4.5 5.0 5.5 V VDD2 When CPU is operating and PLL is stopped 3.5 5.0 5.5 V Data retention voltage VDDR When crystal oscillation stops 2.3 5.5 V Output breakdown VBDS P130-P137 (N-ch open drain) 15 V MAX. Unit voltage DC Characteristics (TA = –40 to +85°C, V DD = 3.5 to 5.5 V) Parameter High-level input voltage Low-level input Symbol Test Conditions MIN. VIH1 P10-P17, P21, P23, P30, P31, P36, P37, P40-P47, P50-P57, P60-P67, P71, P73, P75-P77, P100-P102, P120, P122-P124 0.7 VDD VDD V VIH2 P00-P07, P20, P22, P24-P27, P32-P35, P70, P72, P74, P121, RESET 0.8 VDD VDD V VIL1 P10-P17, P21, P23, P30, P31, P36, P37, P40-P47, P50-P57, P60-P67, P71, P73, P75-P77, P100-P102, P120, P122-P124 0 0.3 VDD V VIL2 P00-P07, P20, P22, P24-P27, P32-P35, P70, P72, P74, P121, RESET 0 0.2 VDD V VOH1 P00-P07, P20-P24, P30-P37, 4.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5 V, P40-P47, P50-P57, P60-P67, IOH = –1 mA P70-P77, P100-P102, 3.5 V ≤ VDD < 4.5 V, P120-P124 IOH = –100 µA VDD – 1.0 V VDD – 0.5 V VDD – 1.0 V voltage High-level output voltage Low-level output VOH2 EO0, EO1 VOH1 P00-P07, P20-P27, P30-P37, 4.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5 V, P40-P47, P50-P57, P60-P67, IOL = 1 mA P70-P77, P100-P102, 3.5 V ≤ VDD < 4.5 V, P120-P124, P130-P137, IOL = 100 µA 1.0 V 0.5 V EO0, EO1 VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V, IOL = 3 mA 1.0 V P00-P07, P10-P17, P20-P24, P30-P37, P40-P47, P50-P57, P60-P67, P70-P77, P100-P102, P120-P124, VI = VDD 3 µA voltage VOL2 High-level input leakage current ILIH VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V, IOH = –3 mA TYP. RESET Remark Unless otherwise specified, the characteristics of a multiplexed pin are the same as those of the corresponding port pin. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 27 µPD178F098 DC Characteristics (TA = –40 to +85°C, V DD = 3.5 to 5.5 V) Parameter Symbol Low-level input Supply currentNote Unit µA ILOH1 P130-P137 VO = 15 V –3 µA ILOL1 P130-P137 VO = 0 V 3 µA ILOH2 P25-P27 (at N-ch open drain I/O) VO = VDD –3 µA ILOL2 P25-P27 (at N-ch open drain I/O) VO = 0 V 3 µA ILOH3 EO0, EO1 VO = VDD –3 µA ILOL3 EO0, EO1 VO = 0 V 3 µA IDD1 When CPU is operating and PLL is stopped. Sine wave input to X1 pin VI = VDD fx = 4.5 MHz 5.0 18 mA fx = 6.3 MHz 7.0 20 mA In HALT mode with PLL stopped. Sine wave input to X1 pin VI = VDD fx = 4.5 MHz 0.3 0.8 mA fx = 6.3 MHz 0.4 1.0 mA 5.5 V IDD4 VDDR1 When crystal resonator is oscillating 3.5 VDDR2 When crystal oscillation is stopped Power-failure detection function 2.2 V Data memory retained 2.0 V VDDR3 IDDR1 When crystal oscillation is stopped TA = 25°C, VDD = 5 V IDDR2 Note MAX. –3 IDD3 Data retention current TYP. VI = 0 V IDD2 Data retention voltage MIN. P00-P07, P10-P17, P20-P27, P30-P37, P40-P47, P50-P57, P60-P67, P70-P77, P100-P102, P120-P124, RESET ILIL leakage current Output off leakage current Conditions 2.0 4.0 µA 2.0 20 µA Excluding AVDD current and VDDPLL current. Remarks 1. fX: System clock oscillation frequency 2. Unless otherwise specified, the characteristics of a multiplexed pin are the same as those of the corresponding port pin. 28 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 Reference Characteristics (TA = –40 to +85°C, V DD = 4.5 to 5.5 V) Parameter Symbol Supply current IDD5 Conditions MIN. When CPU and PLL are operating. Sine wave input to VCOH pin At fIN = 160 MHz, VIN = 0.15 VP-P TYP. MAX. 8 Unit mA AC Characteristics (1) Basic operation (T A = –40 to +85 °C, V DD = 3.5 to 5.5 V) Parameter Cycle time Symbol TCY (minimum instruction execution time) Conditions At fX = 6.3 MHz At fX = 4.5 TI00, TI01 input high-/low-level widths tTIH0, tTIL0 TI50, TI51 input fTI5 MHzNote 1 MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit 0.32 5.08 µs 0.44 7.11 µs 4/fsamNote 2 s 2 MHz frequency TI50, TI51 input tTIH5, high-/low-level widths tTIL5 Interrupt input high-/low-level widths tINTH, tINTL RESET pin low-level width tRSL INTP0-INTP7 200 ns 1 µs 10 µs Notes 1. Only when products not using IEBus are supported. 2. fsam = fX/2, fX/4, f X/64 selectable by bits 0 and 1 (PRM00 and PRM01) of the prescaler mode register 0 (PRM0). However, fsam = f X/8 when the valid edge of TI00 is selected as the count clock. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 29 µPD178F098 (2) Serial interface (T A = –40 to +85°C, V DD = 3.5 to 5.5 V) (a) Serial interface 0 (i) 3-wire serial I/O mode (SCK0 ... internal clock output) Parameter SCK0 cycle time SCK0 high-/low-level width Symbol tKCY1 tKH1, Test Conditions VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V tKL1 SI0 setup time (to SCK0↑) SI0 hold time (from SCK0↑) SO0 output delay time from SCK0↓ Note tSIK1 VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V tKSI1 tKSO1 C = 100 pF MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit 800 ns 1600 ns tKCY1/2 – 50 ns tKCY1/2 – 100 ns 100 ns 150 ns 400 ns Note 300 ns MAX. Unit C is the load capacitance of SCK0 and SO0 output line. (ii) 3-wire serial I/O mode (SCK0 ... external clock input) Parameter SCK0 cycle time SCK0 high-/low-level width Symbol tKCY2 tKH2, Test Conditions VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V TYP. 800 ns 1600 ns 400 ns tKL2 800 ns SI0 setup time (to SCK0↑) tSIK2 100 ns SI0 hold time (from SCK0↑) tKSI2 400 ns SO0 output delay time from SCK0↓ tKSO2 SCK0 at rising or falling edge time tR2, tF2 Note 30 VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V MIN. C = 100 pF Note C is the load capacitance of SO0 output line. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 300 ns 1000 ns µPD178F098 (iii) SBI mode (SCK0 ... internal clock output) Parameter SCK0 cycle time SCK0 high-/low-level width Symbol tKCY3 tKH3, Test Conditions VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V tKL3 SB0, SB1 setup time (to SCK0↑) tSIK3 SB0, SB1 hold time (from SCK0↑) tKSI3 SB0, SB1 output delay time from tKSO3 VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V R = 1 kΩ VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V C = 100 pF Note SCK0↓ MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit 800 ns 3200 ns tKCY3/2 – 50 ns tKCY3/2 – 150 ns 100 ns 300 ns tKCY3/2 ns 0 250 ns 0 1000 ns SB0, SB1↓ from SCK0↑ tKSB tKCY3 ns SCK0↓ from SB0, SB1↓ tSBK tKCY3 ns SB0, SB1 high-level width tSBH tKCY3 ns SB0, SB1 low-level width tSBL tKCY3 ns Note R and C are the load resistance and load capacitance of SCK0, SB0 and SB1 output line. (iv) SBI mode (SCK0 ... external clock input) Parameter SCK0 cycle time SCK0 high-/low-level width Symbol tKCY4 tKH4, Test Conditions VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V tKL4 SB0, SB1 setup time (to SCK0↑) tSIK4 SB0, SB1 hold time (from SCK0↑) tKSI4 SB0, SB1 output delay time from tKSO4 VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V R = 1 kΩ VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V C = 100 pF Note SCK0↓ MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit 800 ns 3200 ns 400 ns 1600 ns 100 ns 300 ns tKCY4/2 ns 0 250 ns 0 1000 ns SB0, SB1↓ from SCK0↑ tKSB tKCY4 ns SCK0↓ from SB0, SB1↓ tSBK tKCY4 ns SB0, SB1 high-level width tSBH tKCY4 ns SB0, SB1 low-level width tSBL tKCY4 ns SCK0 at rising or falling edge time Note tR4, tF4 1000 ns R and C are the load resistance and load capacitance of SB0 and SB1 output line. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 31 µPD178F098 (v) 2-wire serial I/O mode (SCK0 ... internal clock output) Parameter SCK0 cycle time Symbol tKCY5 SCK0 high-level width tKH5 SCK0 low-level width tKL5 SB0, SB1 setup time (to SCK0↑) Test Conditions R = 1 kΩ C = 100 pF Note VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V tSIK5 VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit 1600 ns tKCY5/2 – 160 ns tKCY5/2 – 50 ns tKCY5/2 – 100 ns 300 ns 350 ns ns SB0, SB1 hold time (from SCK0↑) tKSI5 600 SB0, SB1 output delay time from tKSO5 0 300 ns SCK0↓ Note R and C are the load resistance and load capacitance of SCK0, SB0 and SB1 output line. (vi) 2-wire serial I/O mode (SCK0 ... external clock input) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit SCK0 cycle time tKCY6 1600 ns SCK0 high-level width tKH6 650 ns SCK0 low-level width tKL6 800 ns SB0, SB1 setup time (to SCK0↑) tSIK6 100 ns SB0, SB1 hold time (from SCK0↑) tKSI6 tKCY6/2 ns SB0, SB1 output delay time from tKSO6 SCK0↓ C = 100 pF SCK0 at rising or falling edge time Note 32 R = 1 kΩ VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V Note 0 300 ns 0 500 ns 1000 ns tR6, tF6 R and C are the load resistance and load capacitance of SB0 and SB1 output line. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 (vii) I 2C Bus mode (SCL ... internal clock output) Parameter SCL cycle time Symbol tKCY7 Test Conditions R = 1 kΩ C = 100 pF Note MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit 10 µs tKCY7 – 160 ns SCL high-level width tKH7 SCL low-level width tKL7 tKCY7 – 50 ns SDA0, SDA1 setup time (to SCL↑) tSIK7 200 ns SDA0, SDA1 hold time (from SCL↓) tKSI7 0 ns SDA0, SDA1 output delay time tKSO7 VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V (from SCL↓) 0 300 ns 0 500 ns SDA0, SDA1↓ from SCL↑ or SDA0, SDA1↑ from SCL↑ tKSB 200 ns SCL↓ from SDA0, SDA1↓ tSBK 400 ns SDA0, SDA1 high-level width tSBH 500 ns Note R and C are the load resistance and load capacitance of SCL, SDA0 and SDA1 output line. (viii) I2 C Bus mode (SCL ... external clock input) Parameter SCL cycle time Symbol Test Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit tKCY8 1000 ns tKH8, tKL8 400 ns SDA0, SDA1 setup time (to SCL↑) tSIK8 200 ns SDA0, SDA1 hold time (from SCL↓) tKSI8 0 ns SDA0, SDA1 output delay time tKSO8 SCL high-/low-level width from SCL↓ R = 1 kΩ C = 100 pF VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V Note 0 300 ns 0 500 ns SDA0, SDA1↓ from SCL↑ or SDA0, SDA1↑ from SCL↑ tKSB 200 ns SCL↓ from SDA0, SDA1↓ tSBK 400 ns SDA0, SDA1 high-level width tSBH 500 ns SCL at rising or falling edge time Note tR8, tF8 1000 ns R and C are the load resistance and load capacitance of SDA0 and SDA1 output line. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 33 µPD178F098 (b) Serial interface 1 (i) 3-wire serial I/O mode (SCK1 ... internal clock output) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit SCK1 cycle time tKCY9 800 ns SCK1 high/low-level width tKH9, tKL9 tKCY9/2 – 50 ns SI1 setup time (to SCK1↑) tSIK9 100 ns SI1 hold time (from SCK1↑) tKSI9 400 ns SO1 output delay time (from SCK1↓) tKSO9 Note C = 100 pF Note 300 ns MAX. Unit C is the load capacitance of SCK1 and SO1 output line. (ii) 3-wire serial I/O mode (SCK1 ... external clock input) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions MIN. TYP. SCK1 cycle time tKCY10 800 ns SCK1 high/low-level width tKH10, tKL10 400 ns SI1 setup time (to SCK1↑) tSIK10 100 ns SI1 hold time (from SCK1↑) tKSI10 400 ns SO1 output delay time (from SCK1↓) tKSO10 C = 100 pF Note SCK1 at rising or falling edge time tR10, tF10 Note 34 C is the load capacitance of SO1 output line. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 300 ns 1000 ns µPD178F098 (iii) 3-wire serial I/O mode with automatic transmit/receive function (SCK1 ... internal clock output) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit SCK1 cycle time tKCY11 800 ns SCK1 high/low-level width tKH11, tKL11 tKCY11/2 – 50 ns SI1 setup time (to SCK1↑) tSIK11 100 ns SI1 hold time (from SCK1↑) tKSI11 400 ns SO1 output delay time (from SCK1↓) tKSO11 C = 100 pF Note 300 ns STB↑ from SCK1↑ tSBD tKCY11/2 – 100 tKCY11/2 + 100 ns Strobe signal high-level width tSBW tKCY11/2 – 30 tKCY11/2 + 30 ns Busy signal setup time tBYS 100 ns Busy signal hold time (from busy signal detection timing) tBYH 100 ns SCK1↓ from busy inactive tSPS 200 ns (to busy signal detection timing) Note C is the load capacitance of SO1 output line. (iv) 3-wire serial I/O mode with automatic transmit/receive function (SCK1 ... external clock input) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit SCK1 cycle time tKCY12 800 ns SCK1 high/low-level width tKH12, tKL12 400 ns SI1 setup time (to SCK1↑) tSIK12 100 ns SI1 hold time (from SCK1↑) tKSI12 400 ns SO1 output delay time (from SCK1↓) tKSO12 C = 100 pF Note SCK1 at rising or falling edge time tR12, tF12 Note 300 ns 1000 ns C is the load capacitance of SO1 output line. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 35 µPD178F098 (c) Serial interface 3 (i) 3-wire serial I/O mode (SCK3 ... internal clock output) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit SCK3 cycle time tKCY13 800 ns SCK3 high/low-level width tKH13, tKL13 tKCY13/2 – 50 ns SI3 setup time (to SCK3↑) tSIK13 100 ns SI3 hold time (from SCK3↑) tKSI13 400 ns SO3 output delay time (from SCK3↓) tKSO13 Note C = 100 pF Note 300 ns MAX. Unit C is the load capacitance of SCK3 and SO3 output line. (ii) 3-wire serial I/O mode (SCK3 ... external clock input) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions MIN. TYP. SCK3 cycle time tKCY14 800 ns SCK3 high/low-level width tKH14, tKL14 400 ns SI3 setup time (to SCK3↑) tSIK14 100 ns SI3 hold time (from SCK3↑) tKSI14 400 ns SO3 output delay time (from SCK3↓) tKSO14 C = 100 pF Note SCK3 at rising or falling edge time tR14, tF14 Note 300 ns 1000 ns MAX. Unit 38400 bps C is the load capacitance of SO3 output line. (d) Serial interface UART0 (Dedicated baud rate generator output) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Transfer rate 36 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 MIN. TYP. µPD178F098 AC Timing Test Point (Excluding X1 Input) 0.8 VDD 0.2 VDD 0.8 VDD 0.2 VDD Test Points TI Timing tTIL0 tTIH0 TI00, TI01 1/fTI5 tTIL5 tTIH5 TI50,TI51 Interrupt Input Timing tINTL tINTH INTP0 to INTP7 RESET Input Timing tRSL RESET Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 37 µPD178F098 Serial Transfer Timing 3-wire serial I/O mode: tKCYm tKLm tKHm tFn tRn SCK0, SCK1, SCK3 tSIKm SI0, SI1, SI3 tKSIm Input Data tKSOm SO0, SO1, SO3 Output Data Remark m = 1, 2, 9, 10, 13, 14 n = 2, 10, 14 SBI mode (bus release signal transfer): tKCY3, 4 tKL3, 4 tKH3, 4 tF4 tR4 SCK0 tKSB tSBL tSBH tSIK3, 4 tSBK tKSI3, 4 SB0, SB1 tKSO3, 4 38 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 SBI mode (command signal transfer): tKCY3, 4 tKL3, 4 tKH3, 4 tF4 tR4 SCK0 tSIK3, 4 tKSI3, 4 tSBK tKSB SB0, SB1 tKSO3, 4 2-wire serial I/O mode: tKCY5, 6 tKL5, 6 tKH5, 6 tR6 tF6 SCK0 tSIK5, 6 tKSI5, 6 tKSO5, 6 SB0, SB1 I 2C bus mode: tF8 tR8 tKCY7, 8 SCL tKL7, 8 tKSI7, 8 tKH7, 8 tSIK7, 8 tKSO7, 8 tKSB tKSB tSBK SDA0, SDA1 tSBH tSBK Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 39 µPD178F098 3-wire serial I/O mode with automatic transmit/receive function: SO1 SI1 D2 D1 D2 D1 D0 D7 D0 D7 tKSI11, 12 tKH11, 12 tF12 tSIK11, 12 tKSO11, 12 SCK1 tR12 tSBD tKL11, 12 STB tSBW tKCY11, 12 3-wire serial I/O mode with automatic transmit/receive function (busy processing): SCK1 7 9 Note 8 10 Note tBYS 10 + n Note tBYH 1 tSPS BUSY (Active high) Note The signal is not actually driven low here; it is shown as such to indicate the timing. IEBus Controller Characteristics (T A = –40 to +85 °C, V DD = 3.5 to 5.5 V) Parameter IEBus system clock frequency Note Symbol fs Conditions MIN. TYP. 6.3Note Fixed to mode 1 Unit MHz Although the system clock frequency is 6.0 MHz in the IEBus standard, in these products, normal operation is guaranteed at 6.3 MHz. Remark 6.0 MHz and 6.3 MHz cannot both be used as the IEBus system clock frequency. 40 MAX. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 A/D Converter Characteristics (T A = –40 to +85 °C, V DD = AV DD = 3.5 to 5.5 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions Resolution Total conversion MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit 8 8 8 bit ±1.0 %FSR ±1.4 %FSR VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V errorNotes 1, 2 Conversion time tCONV 15.2 45.7 µs Analog input voltage VIAN 0 VDD V MAX. Unit Notes 1. Excluding quantization error (±0.2%FSR) 2. This value is indicated as a ratio to the full-scall value. PLL Characteristics (T A = –40 to +85°C, V DD = 4.5 to 5.5 V) Parameter Operating frequency Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. fIN1 VCOL pin, MF mode, sine wave input, VIN = 0.15 VP-P 0.5 3.0 MHz fIN2 VCOL pin, HF mode, sine wave input, VIN = 0.15 VP-P 10 40 MHz fIN3 VCOH pin, VHF mode, sine wave input, VIN = 0.15 VP-P 60 130 MHz fIN4 VCOH pin, VHF mode, sine wave input, VIN = 0.3 VP-P 40 160 MHz Remark The above values are the result of NEC’s evaluation of the device. If the device is likely to be affected by noise in your application, it is recommended to use the device at a voltage higher than the above values. IFC Characteristics (T A = –40 to +85°C, V DD = 4.5 to 5.5 V) Parameter Operating frequency Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit fIN5 AMIFC pin, AMIF count mode, sine wave input, VIN = 0.15 VP-P 0.4 0.5 MHz fIN6 FMIFC pin, FMIF count mode, sine wave input, VIN = 0.15 VP-P 10 11 MHz fIN7 FMIFC pin, AMIF count mode, sine wave input, VIN = 0.15 VP-P 0.4 0.5 MHz Remark The above values are the result of NEC’s evaluation of the device. If the device is likely to be affected by noise in your application, it is recommended to use the device at a voltage higher than the above values. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 41 µPD178F098 Flash Memory Programming Characteristics (V DD = 3.5 to 5.5 V, TA = 10 to 40 °C) (1) Write/delete characteristics Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit Write current (VDD pin)Note tDDW When VPP = VPP1, fX = 6.3 MHz 23 mA Write current (VPP pin)Note IPPW When VPP = VPP1, fX = 6.3 MHz 20 mA Delete current (VDD pin)Note IDDE When VPP = VPP1, fX = 6.3 MHz 23 mA Delete current (VPP pin)Note IPPE When VPP = VPP1 100 mA Unit delete time tER 1 s Total delete time tERA 20 s Number of overwrite CWRT Delete and write are counted as one cycle 20 times VPP power supply voltage VPP0 In normal mode 0.2 VDD V VPP1 At flash memory programming 10.3 V Note 0.5 1 0 9.7 10.0 AVDD current and Port current (current flowing to internal pull-up resistor) are not included. Remark fX: System clock oscillation frequency (2) Serial write operation characteristics Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit VPP setup time tPSRON VPP high voltage 1.0 µs VPP↑ setup time from VDD↑ tDRPSR VPP high voltage 1.0 µs RESET↑ setup time from VPP↑ tPSRRF VPP high voltage 1.0 µs VPP count start time from RESET↑ tRFCF 1.0 µs Count execution time tCOUNT 2.0 ms VPP counter high-level width tCH 8.0 µs VPP counter low-level width tCL 8.0 µs VPP counter noise elimination width 42 tNFW 40 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 ns µPD178F098 Flash Write Mode Setting Timing VDD VDD 0V tDRPSR tRFCF tCH VPPH VPP VPP tCL VPPL tPSRON tPSRRF tCOUNT VDD RESET (input) 0V Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 43 µPD178F098 8. PACKAGE DRAWING 100-PIN PLASTIC QFP (14x20) A B 51 50 80 81 detail of lead end S C D Q R 31 30 100 1 F G J H I M P K S N S L M NOTE ITEM Each lead centerline is located within 0.15 mm of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition. MILLIMETERS A 23.6±0.4 B 20.0±0.2 C 14.0±0.2 D 17.6±0.4 F 0.8 G H 0.6 0.30±0.10 I 0.15 J K L 0.65 (T.P.) 1.8±0.2 0.8±0.2 M 0.15+0.10 −0.05 N 0.10 P 2.7±0.1 Q R S 0.1±0.1 5°±5° 3.0 MAX. P100GF-65-3BA1-4 44 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 9. RECOMMENDED SOLDERING CONDITIONS Solder this product under the following recommended conditions. For details of the recommended soldering conditions, refer to information document Semiconductor Device Mounting Technology Manual (C10535E). For soldering methods and conditions other than those recommended, consult NEC. Table 9-1. Soldering Conditions for Surface-Mount Type µPD178F098GF-3BA: 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20) Soldering Method Infrared reflow Soldering Conditions Package peak temperature: 235°C, Time: 30 sec max. (210°C min.), Recommended Conditions Symbol IR35-00-3 Number of times: 3 max. VPS Package peak temperature: 215°C, Time: 40 sec max. (200°C min.), VP15-00-3 Number of times: 3 max. Wave soldering Solder bath temperature: 260°C max., Time: 10 sec max., Number of times: 1, Preheating temperature: 120°C max., (Package surface temperature) Partial heating Pin temperature: 300°C max., Time: 3 sec max (per device side) WS60-00-1 – Caution Do not use two or more soldering methods in combination (except partial heating). Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 45 µPD178F098 APPENDIX A. DEVELOPMENT TOOLS The following development tools are available for development of systems using the µPD178078 and 178098 subseries. Language processor software RA78K/0Notes 1, 2, 3 Assembler package common to 78K/0 series CC78K/0Notes 1, 2, 3 C compiler package common to 78K/0 series DF178098Notes 1, 2, 3 Device file for µPD178078 subseries and µPD178098 subseries CC78K0-LNotes 1, 2, 3 C compiler library source file common to 78K/0 series Flash memory writing tools Fashpro III (Part number: FL-PR3Note 4, PG-FL3) Dedicated flash programmer FA-100GF-3BANote 4 Flash programmer adapter Debugging tools • When in-circuit emulator IE-78K0-NS is used IE-78K0-NS In-circuit emulator common to 78K/0 series IE-70000-MC-PS-B Power supply unit for IE-78K0-NS IE-78K0-NS-PA Performance board for enhancing and expanding the IE-78K0-NS function IE-70000-98-IF-C Interface adapter necessary when PC-9800 series (except notebook type) is used as host machine (C bus supported) IE-70000-CD-IF-A PC card and interface cable necessary when a notebook-type PC is used as host machine (PCMCIA socket supported) IE-70000-PC-IF-C Interface adapter necessary when a IBM PC/ATTM compatible machine is used as host machine (ISA bus supported) IE-70000-PCI-IF Interface adapter necessary when a PC with a PCI bus is used as host machine IE-178098-NS-EM1 Emulation board to emulate µPD178078 and 178098 subseries NP-100GFNote 4 Emulation probe for 100-pin plastic QFP (GF-3BA type) EV-9200GF-100 Socket mounted on board of target system created for 100-pin plastic QFP (GF-3BA type) SM78K0Notes 1, 2 System simulator common to 78K/0 series ID78K0-NSNotes 1, 2 Integrated debugger common to 78K/0 series DF178098Notes 1, 2, 3 Device file for µPD178078 subseries and µPD178098 subseries Notes 1. PC-9800 series (Japanese WindowsTM) based 2. IBM PC/AT compatible machine (Japanese/English windows) based 3. HP9000 series 700TM (HP-UXTM) based, SPARCstationTM (SunOSTM, SolarisTM) based, NEWSTM (NEWS-OSTM) based 4. Products of Naito Densei Machida Mfg. Co., Ltd. (Tel: 044-822-3813). Remark Use the RA78K0, CC78K0, and SM78K0 in combination with the DF178098. 46 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 • When in-circuit emulator IE-78001-R-A is used IE-78001-R-A In-circuit emulator common to 78K/0 series IE-70000-98-IF-C Interface adapter necessary when PC-9800 series (except notebook type) is used as host machine (C bus supported) IE-70000-PC-IF-C Interface adapter necessary when IBM PC/AT compatible machine is used as host machine (ISA bus supported) IE-70000-PCI-IF Interface adapter necessary when a PC with a PCI bus is used as host machine IE-78000-R-SV3 Interface adapter and cable necessary when EWS is used as host machine IE-178098-NS-EM1 Emulation board to emulate µPD178078 and 178098 subseries IE-78K0-R-EX1 Emulation probe conversion board necessary when using IE-178098-NS-EM1 on IE-78001-R-A EP-78064GF-R Emulation probe for 100-pin plastic QFP (GF-3BA type) EV-9200GF-100 Socket mounted on board of target system created for 100-pin plastic QFP (GF-3BA type) SM78K0Notes 1, 2 System simulator common to 78K/0 series ID78K0Notes 1, 2 Integrated debugger common to 78K/0 series DF178098Notes 1, 2, 3 Device file for µPD178078 subseries and µPD178098 subseries Real-time OS RX78K/0Notes 1, 2, 3 Real-time OS for 78K/0 series MX78K0Notes 1, 2, 3 OS for 78K/0 series Notes 1. PC-9800 series (Japanese Windows) based 2. IBM PC/AT compatible machine (Japanese/English windows) based 3. HP9000 series 700 (HP-UX) based, SPARCstation (SunOS, Solaris) based, NEWS (NEWS-OS) based Remark Use the SM78K0 in combination with the DF178098. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 47 µPD178F098 APPENDIX B. RELATED DOCUMENTS The related documents indicated in this publication may include preliminary versions. However, preliminary versions are not marked as such. Device Documents Document No. Title Japanese English µPD178076, 178078, 178096, 178098 Data Sheet U12885J U12885E µPD178F098 Data Sheet U12920J This document µPD178078, 178098 Subseries User’s Manual U12790J U12790E 78K/0 Series User’s Manual - Instruction U12326J U12326E U12704J U12704E U14458J U14458E 78K/0 Series Application Note Basics (I) 78K/0, 78K/0S Series Flash Memory Write Application Note Development Tool Documents (User’s Manual) Document No. Title Japanese RA78K0 Assembler Package English Operation U11802J U11802E Assembly Language U11801J U11801E Structured Assembly U11789J U11789E Operation U11517J U11517E Language U11518J U11518E IE-78001-R-A U14142J To be prepared IE-78K0-NS U13731J U13731E IE-178098-NS-EM1 U14013J U14013E EP-78064 EEU-934 EEU-1469 Language CC78K0 C Compiler SM78K0 System Simulator Windows Based Reference U10181J U10181E SM78K Series System Simulator External Parts User Open Interface Specifications U10092J U10092E ID78K0 Integrated Debugger EWS Based Reference U11151J — ID78K0 Integrated Debugger PC Based Reference U11539J U11539E ID78K0 Integrated Debugger Windows Based Guide U11649J U11649E ID78K0-NS Integrated Debugger Windows Based Reference U12900J U12900E Operation U14379J To be prepared Caution The contents of the above documents are subject to change without notice. Please ensure that the latest versions are used in design work, etc. 48 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 Related Documents for Embedded Software (User’s Manual) Document No. Title Japanese 78K/0 Series Real-time OS 78K/0 Series OS MX78K0 English Fundamental U11537J U11537E Installation U11536J U11536E Fundamental U12257J U12257E Other Documents Document No. Title Japanese English SEMICONDUCTOR SELECTION GUIDE Products & Packages (CD-ROM) X13769X Semiconductor Device Mounting Technology Manual C10535J C10535E Quality Guides on NEC Semiconductor Devices C11531J C11531E NEC Semiconductor Device Reliability and Quality Control C10983J C10983E Guide to Prevent Damage for Semiconductor Devices by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) C11892J C11892E Semiconductor Device Quality/Reliability Handbook C12769J — Microcomputer Product Series Guide U11416J — Caution The contents of the above documents are subject to change without notice. Ensure that the latest versions are used in design work, etc. Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 49 µPD178F098 NOTES FOR CMOS DEVICES 1 PRECAUTION AGAINST ESD FOR SEMICONDUCTORS Note: Strong electric field, when exposed to a MOS device, can cause destruction of the gate oxide and ultimately degrade the device operation. Steps must be taken to stop generation of static electricity as much as possible, and quickly dissipate it once, when it has occurred. Environmental control must be adequate. When it is dry, humidifier should be used. It is recommended to avoid using insulators that easily build static electricity. Semiconductor devices must be stored and transported in an anti-static container, static shielding bag or conductive material. All test and measurement tools including work bench and floor should be grounded. The operator should be grounded using wrist strap. Semiconductor devices must not be touched with bare hands. Similar precautions need to be taken for PW boards with semiconductor devices on it. 2 HANDLING OF UNUSED INPUT PINS FOR CMOS Note: No connection for CMOS device inputs can be cause of malfunction. If no connection is provided to the input pins, it is possible that an internal input level may be generated due to noise, etc., hence causing malfunction. CMOS devices behave differently than Bipolar or NMOS devices. Input levels of CMOS devices must be fixed high or low by using a pull-up or pull-down circuitry. Each unused pin should be connected to V DD or GND with a resistor, if it is considered to have a possibility of being an output pin. All handling related to the unused pins must be judged device by device and related specifications governing the devices. 3 STATUS BEFORE INITIALIZATION OF MOS DEVICES Note: Power-on does not necessarily define initial status of MOS device. Production process of MOS does not define the initial operation status of the device. Immediately after the power source is turned ON, the devices with reset function have not yet been initialized. Hence, power-on does not guarantee out-pin levels, I/O settings or contents of registers. Device is not initialized until the reset signal is received. Reset operation must be executed immediately after power-on for devices having reset function. Purchase of NEC I 2C components conveys a license under the Philips I2 C Patent Rights to use these components in an I2C system, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips. IEBus is a trademark of NEC Corporation. Windows is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/ or other countries. PC/AT is a trademark of IBM Corporation. HP9000 series 700 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company. SPARCstation is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc. Solaris and SunOS are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. NEWS and NEWS-OS are trademarks of Sony Corporation. 50 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 µPD178F098 Regional Information Some information contained in this document may vary from country to country. Before using any NEC product in your application, please contact the NEC office in your country to obtain a list of authorized representatives and distributors. They will verify: • Device availability • Ordering information • Product release schedule • Availability of related technical literature • Development environment specifications (for example, specifications for third-party tools and components, host computers, power plugs, AC supply voltages, and so forth) • Network requirements In addition, trademarks, registered trademarks, export restrictions, and other legal issues may also vary from country to country. NEC Electronics Inc. (U.S.) NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd. Santa Clara, California Tel: 408-588-6000 800-366-9782 Fax: 408-588-6130 800-729-9288 Benelux Office Eindhoven, The Netherlands Tel: 040-2445845 Fax: 040-2444580 Hong Kong Tel: 2886-9318 Fax: 2886-9022/9044 NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd. Velizy-Villacoublay, France Tel: 01-30-67 58 00 Fax: 01-30-67 58 99 Seoul Branch Seoul, Korea Tel: 02-528-0303 Fax: 02-528-4411 NEC Electronics (France) S.A. NEC Electronics Singapore Pte. Ltd. Milton Keynes, UK Tel: 01908-691-133 Fax: 01908-670-290 Spain Office Madrid, Spain Tel: 91-504-2787 Fax: 91-504-2860 United Square, Singapore 1130 Tel: 65-253-8311 Fax: 65-250-3583 NEC Electronics Italiana s.r.l. NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH Milano, Italy Tel: 02-66 75 41 Fax: 02-66 75 42 99 Scandinavia Office Taeby, Sweden Tel: 08-63 80 820 Fax: 08-63 80 388 NEC Electronics (France) S.A. NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH Duesseldorf, Germany Tel: 0211-65 03 02 Fax: 0211-65 03 490 NEC Electronics (UK) Ltd. NEC Electronics Taiwan Ltd. Taipei, Taiwan Tel: 02-2719-2377 Fax: 02-2719-5951 NEC do Brasil S.A. Electron Devices Division Rodovia Presidente Dutra, Km 214 07210-902-Guarulhos-SP Brasil Tel: 55-11-6465-6810 Fax: 55-11-6465-6829 J99.1 Data Sheet U12920EJ1V0DS00 51 µPD178F098 • The information in this document is current as of June, 2000. The information is subject to change without notice. For actual design-in, refer to the latest publications of NEC's data sheets or data books, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of NEC semiconductor products. Not all products and/or types are available in every country. Please check with an NEC sales representative for availability and additional information. • No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written consent of NEC. NEC assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. • NEC does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of NEC semiconductor products listed in this document or any other liability arising from the use of such products. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC or others. • Descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. The incorporation of these circuits, software and information in the design of customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of customer. NEC assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and information. • While NEC endeavours to enhance the quality, reliability and safety of NEC semiconductor products, customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage to property or injury (including death) to persons arising from defects in NEC semiconductor products, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. • NEC semiconductor products are classified into the following three quality grades: "Standard", "Special" and "Specific". The "Specific" quality grade applies only to semiconductor products developed based on a customer-designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. The recommended applications of a semiconductor product depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. Customers must check the quality grade of each semiconductor product before using it in a particular application. "Standard": Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots "Special": Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) "Specific": Aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems and medical equipment for life support, etc. The quality grade of NEC semiconductor products is "Standard" unless otherwise expressly specified in NEC's data sheets or data books, etc. If customers wish to use NEC semiconductor products in applications not intended by NEC, they must contact an NEC sales representative in advance to determine NEC's willingness to support a given application. (Note) (1) "NEC" as used in this statement means NEC Corporation and also includes its majority-owned subsidiaries. (2) "NEC semiconductor products" means any semiconductor product developed or manufactured by or for NEC (as defined above). M8E 00. 4