N Comlinear CLC407 Low-Cost, Low-Power Programmable Gain Buffer with Disable General Description Features The Comlinear CLC407 is a low-cost, high-speed (110MHz) buffer which features user-programmable gains of +2, +1, and -1 V/V. This high-performance part has the added versatility of a TTL-compatible disable which quickly switches the buffer off in 18ns and back on in 40ns. The CLC407’s high 60mA output current, coupled with its ultra-low 35mW power consumption makes it the ideal choice for demanding applications that are sensitive to both power and cost. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Utilizing Comlinear’s proven architectures, this current feedback amplifier surpasses the performance of alternate solutions with a closed-loop design that produces new standards for buffers in gain accuracy, input impedance, and input bias currents. The CLC407’s internal feedback network provides an excellent gain accuracy of 0.1%. High source impedance applications will benefit from the CLC407’s 6MΩ input impedance along with its exceptionally low 100nA input bias current. Applications ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ With 0.1dB flatness to 30MHz and low differential gain and phase errors, the CLC407 is very useful for professional video processing and distribution. A 110MHz -3dB bandwidth coupled with a 350V/µs slew rate also make the CLC407 a perfect choice in cost-sensitive applications such as video monitors, fax machines, copiers, and CATV systems. Back-terminated video applications will especially appreciate +2 gains which require no external gain components reducing inventory costs and board space. Low-cost High output current: 60mA High input impedance: 6MΩ Gains of +1, +2 with no external components Low power: Icc = 3.5mA Ultra-fast enable/disable times Very low input bias currents: 100nA Excellent gain accuracy: 0.1% High speed: 110MHz -3dB BW ■ ■ Desktop video systems Multiplexers Video distribution Flash A/D driver High-speed switch/driver High-source impedance applications Peak detector circuits Professional video processing High resolution monitors Frequency Response (AV = +2V/V) Comlinear CLC407 Low-Cost, Low-Power, Programmable Gain Buffer with Disable August 1996 Typical Application 2:1 Mux Cable Driver Pinout DIP & SOIC NOTE: All necessary components are shown. © 1996 National Semiconductor Corporation Printed in the U.S.A. http://www.national.com CLC407 Electrical Characteristics (AV = +2, Vcc = + 5V, RL = 100Ω unless specified) PARAMETERS Ambient Temperature CONDITIONS CLC407AJ TYP +25˚C MIN/MAX RATINGS +25˚C 0 to 70˚C -40 to 85˚C UNITS NOTES FREQUENCY DOMAIN RESPONSE -3dB bandwidth Vout < 1.0Vpp Vout < 5.0Vpp ±0.1dB bandwidth Vout < 1.0Vpp gain flatness Vout < 1.0Vpp peaking DC to 200MHz rolloff <30MHz linear phase deviation <20MHz differential gain NTSC, RL=150Ω NTSC, RL=150Ω (Note 2) differential phase NTSC, RL=150Ω NTSC, RL=150Ω (Note 2) 110 42 30 75 31 15 50 27 45 26 MHz MHz MHz B 1 0 0.1 0.3 0.03 0.01 0.25 0.08 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.05 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.06 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.07 B B 0.4 0.5 0.55 dB dB deg % % deg deg TIME DOMAIN RESPONSE rise and fall time settling time to 0.05% overshoot slew rate AV = +2 AV = -1 5 18 3 350 650 7.5 27 12 260 8.2 36 12 225 8.4 39 12 215 ns ns % V/µs V/µs -72/-52 -70/-57 -46 -50 -45 -47 -44 -46 dBc dBc 5 12 3 6.3 15 3.8 6.6 16 4 6.7 17 4.2 nV/√Hz pA/√Hz pA/√Hz 1 30 100 3 1 17 2.5 ±0.1% 250 52 50 3.5 0.8 5 7 50 1600 8 6 40 17 ±1.0% 8 50 2800 11 8 45 19 ±1.0% 46 44 4.1 0.95 45 43 4.4 1 mV µV/˚C nA nA/˚C µA nA/˚C mV V/V Ω dB dB mA mA 2V step 2V step 2V step 2V step 1V step DISTORTION AND NOISE RESPONSE 2nd harmonic distortion 2Vpp, 1MHz/10MHz 3rd harmonic distortion 2Vpp, 1MHz/10MHz equivalent input noise non-inverting voltage >1MHz inverting current >1MHz non-inverting current >1MHz STATIC DC PERFORMANCE input offset voltage average drift input bias current average drift input bias current average drift output offset voltage amplifier gain error internal feedback resistor (Rf) power supply rejection ratio common-mode rejection ratio supply current disabled DC DC RL= ∞ RL= ∞ SWITCHING PERFORMANCE turn on time turn off time off isolation high input voltage low input voltage to >50dB attn. @ 10MHz 10MHz VIH VIL non-inverting inverting MISCELLANEOUS PERFORMANCE input resistance non-inverting input capacitance non-inverting common mode input range output voltage range RL= ∞ output current output resistance, closed loop 900 5 13 ±1.0% ±20% 47 45 4.0 0.9 40 18 85 55 26 80 2 0.8 58 30 80 2 0.8 58 32 80 2 0.8 ns ns dB V V 6 1 ±2.2 +4.0,-3.3 60 0.06 3 2 1.8 +3.9,-3.2 44 0.2 2.4 2 1.7 +3.8,-3.1 38 0.25 1 2 1.5 +3.7,-2.8 20 0.4 MΩ pF V V mA Ω 2 2 B, C B, C A A,3 A B A A Recommended gain range +1, +2 V/V Min/max ratings are based on product characterization and simulation. Individual parameters are tested as noted. Outgoing quality levels are determined from tested parameters. Absolute Maximum Ratings supply voltage Iout is short circuit protected to ground common-mode input voltage maximum junction temperature storage temperature range lead temperature (soldering 10 sec) http://www.national.com Notes 1) At temps < 0˚C, spec is guaranteed for RL = 500Ω. 2) An 825Ω pull-down resistor is connected between Vo and -Vcc. 3) Source impedance 1kΩ. A) J-level: spec is 100% tested at +25˚C, sample tested at +85˚C. LC/MC-level: spec is 100% wafer probed at +25˚C. B) J-level: spec is sample tested at +25˚C. C) Guaranteed at 10MHz. ±7V ±Vcc +175˚C -65˚C to +150˚C +300˚C 2 CLC407 Typical Performance Characteristics (AV = +2, Rf = 250Ω: Vcc = + 5V, RL = 100Ω unless specified) Frequency Response Frequency Response vs. RL Frequency Response vs. Vout (Av = +2) AV+1 RL =1k -45 RL =50 10 -90 RL =1k 1 100 10 Frequency (MHz) VO =1Vpp 10 Frequency Response vs. Capacitive Load -90 VO =0.2Vpp -135 VO =0.2Vpp VO =4Vpp VO =1Vpp -180 VO =4Vpp -225 VO =1Vpp -270 VO =2Vpp -315 VO =0.2Vpp -180 10 1 100 Magnitude (1dB/div) VO =2Vpp Magnitude (1dB/div) -45 100 Frequency (MHz) Gain Phase -180 CL =1kpF Rs=10 Phase 0 -45 CL =1kpF -90 CL =10pF -135 CL =100pF -360 10 CL =10pF Rs=100 CL =100pF Rs= 30 1 100 -180 10 Frequency (MHz) 100 Frequency (MHz) Gain Flatness & Linear Phase Deviation Equivalent Input Noise 100 3.0 Noise Voltage (nV/√Hz) 4.0 Phase 100 Inverting Current = 12pA/√Hz 10 10 Voltage = 5nV/√Hz Non-Inverting Current = 3pA/√Hz Noise Current (pA/√Hz) 5.0 Gain LPD (0.5o/div) Magnitude (0.1dB/div) 7.0 6.0 Phase (deg) 0 VO =4Vpp Maximum Output Voltage vs. RL Maximum Output Voltage (Vpp) 1 Phase (deg) Phase Phase (deg) Magnitude (1dB/div) VO =2Vpp -135 VO =1Vpp Gain VO =4Vpp -90 VO =5Vpp -180 Frequency Response vs. Vout (Av = -1) Frequency (MHz) 1 1 2.0 0 100 200 300 400 0 500 15 30 100 2nd Rl = 100 3rd Rl = 100 -80 2nd Rl = 1k + 10MHz - 5MHz -55 + -65 Pout 50Ω - Distortion (dBc) Distortion (dBc) -60 50Ω 1MHz -75 -55 5MHz -65 1MHz -75 -10 10 0 10 -10 Output Power (dBm) Frequency (MHz) Output Resistance vs. Frequency -40 Gain (dB) 30 10 -10 Differential Gain & Phase 0.20 -60 -80 Reverse -100 -30 10 1.00 0.15 0.75 Phase 0.10 0.50 Gain 0.05 0.25 Forward -120 -50 1 10 Frequency (MHz) 100 0 1 10 100 Frequency (MHz) 3 Differential Phase (deg) -20 0 Output Power (dBm) Forward & Reverse Isolation During Disable 50 500KHz -85 Differential Gain (%) 1 10MHz 50Ω 10dBm = 2Vpp 0dBm = .63Vpp -85 0.1 Pout 50Ω 500KHz 3rd Rl = 1k -90 10M -45 10dBm = 2Vpp 0dBm = .63Vpp -50 1M 100k 3rd Harmonic Distortion vs. Pout -45 Vo = 2Vpp -70 10k Frequency (Hz) 2nd Harmonic Distortion vs. Pout 2nd & 3rd Harmonic Distortion -40 1k Frequency (MHz) Load (Ω) Distortion (dBc) VO =0.2Vpp VO =2Vpp VO =1Vpp Output Resistance (20log Zout) 0 -45 VO =2Vpp 100 VO =0.2Vpp 1 VO =0.2Vpp Phase Frequency (MHz) Frequency Response vs. Vout (Av = +1) Gain -135 RL =100 AV-1 1 0 Magnitude (1dB/div) AV+2 RL =100 VO =5Vpp Phase (deg) AV+1 RL =50 Phase VO =1Vpp VO =2Vpp Gain Phase (deg) AV+2 Phase Magnitude (1dB/div) Gain Phase (45 o/div) Magnitude (1dB/div) Gain AV -1 0 1 2 3 4 Number of 150Ω Loads http://www.national.com CLC407 Typical Performance Characteristics (AV = +2, Rf = 250Ω: Vcc = + 5V, RL = 100Ω unless specified) Large Signal Pulse Response 2.0 AV+2 1.0 Output Voltage Output Voltage AV+2 0.10 0.00 -0.10 0.0 -1.0 AV-1 -0.20 AV-1 -2.0 Time (5ns/div) Settling Time vs. Capacitive Load 50 100 + Rs CLC407 - 40 CL 250Ω 1k 80 Ts 250Ω Vo = 2V step 30 60 20 40 Rs (Ω) Settling Time, Ts(ns) to 0.05% Error Small Signal Pulse Response 0.20 Rs 10 20 0 Time (5ns/div) 10 0 1000 100 CL (pF) Short Term Settling Time 4.0 60 Vout = 2Vstep 0.1 0.0 -0.1 50 Offet Voltage, VIO (mV) PSRR/CMRR (dB) PSRR CMRR 40 30 20 0 40 20 60 80 100 IBN 3.0 0 IBI 2.0 -1.0 1.0 -2.0 VIO 0 -3.0 -1.0 10 -0.2 1.0 10k 100k Time (ns) 10M 1M 100M IBI, IBN (µA) Vout (% Final Value) IBI, IBN, VIO vs. Temperature PSRR and CMRR 0.2 -4.0 -60 -20 20 60 100 140 Temperature (oC) Frequency (Hz) CLC407 OPERATION Minimize this capacitive coupling during layout by removing ground plane near pins 1, 2, and 3. This minimization should produce a response similar to the plot labeled “open” in Graph 1. If desired flatness is greater than plot “open” in Graph 1, two options remain to further flatten the frequency response. First, try shorting the inverting input (pin 2) to the non-inverting input (pin 3). This response is labeled “short” in Graph 1. Next, try inserting a 300Ω resistor R between the non-inverting input (pin 2) as shown in Figure 1. This response is labeled “300Ω ” in Graph 1. Notice an “open” produces a response with obvious peaking and maximum bandwidth, a “short” minimizes peaking and bandwidth, and finally 300Ω slightly extends bandwidth with minimal peaking. Closed Loop Gain Selection The CLC407 is a current feedback op amp with Rf = Rg = 250Ω on chip (in the package). Select from three closed loop gains without using any external gain or feedback resistors. Implement gains of +2, +1, and -1V/V by connecting pins 2 and 3 as described in the chart below. Gain Acl Input Connections Non-Inverting (pin3) Inverting (pin2) -1V/V +1V/V +2V/V ground input signal input signal input signal NC (open) ground The gain accuracy of the CLC407 is excellent and stable over temperature change. The internal gain setting resistors, Rf and Rg are diffused silicon resistors with a process variation of ± 20% and a temperature coefficient of ˜ 2000ppm/°C. Although their absolute values change with processing and temperature, their ratio (Rf/Rg) remains constant. If an external resistor is used in series with Rg, gain accuracy over temperature will suffer . Frequency Response vs. Unity Gain Configuration Magnitude (1dB/div) Open Non-Inverting Unity Gain Considerations (Av = +1V/V) Achieve a gain of +1V/V by removing all resistive and capacitive connections between pin 2 and ground plane. Any capacitive coupling between pin 2 and ground will cause high frequency peaking in the frequency domain response and overshoot in the time domain response. http://www.national.com 300Ω Short 1 10 Frequency (MHz) Graph 1 4 100 1 8 2 7 Input - Bias Current, Impedances, and Source Termination Considerations The CLC407 has: • a 6MΩ non-inverting input impedance. • 100nA non-inverting input bias current. R SMA Input 6 3 Rin 50Ω 4 CLC407 5 Rout 50Ω SMA Output If a large source impedance application is considered, remove all parasitic capacitance around the non-inverting input and source traces. Parasitic capacitances near the input and source act as a low-pass filter and reduce bandwidth. Figure 1 Enable/Disable Operation Using +5V Supplies The CLC407 has a TTL & CMOS logic compatible disable function. Apply a logic low (i.e. < 0.8V) to pin 8, and the CLC407 is guaranteed disabled across its temperature range. Apply a logic high to pin 8, (i.e. > 2.0V) and the CLC407 is guaranteed enabled. Voltage, not current, at pin 8 determines the enable/disable state of the CLC407. Current feedback op amps have uncorrelated input bias currents. These uncorrelated bias currents prevent source impedance matching on each input from cancelling offsets. Refer to application note OA-07 of the data book to find specific circuits to correct DC offsets. Layout Considerations Whenever questions about layout arise, USE THE EVALUATION BOARD AS A TEMPLATE. Disable the CLC407 and its inputs and output become high impedances. While disabled, the CLC407’s quiescent power drops to 8mW. Use the 730013 and 730026 evaluation boards for the DIP and SOIC respectively. These board layouts were optimized to produce the typical performance of the CLC407 shown in the data sheet. To reduce parasitic capacitances, the ground plane was removed near pins 2, 3, and 6. To reduce series inductance, trace lengths of components and nodes were minimized. Use the CLC407’s disable to create analog switches or multiplexers. Implement a single analog switch with one CLC407 positioned between an input and output. Create an analog multiplexer with several CLC407s. Tie the outputs together and put a different signal on each CLC407 input. Operate the CLC407 without connecting pin 8. An internal 20kΩ pull-up resistor guarantees the CLC407 is enabled when pin 8 is floating. Parasitics on traces degrade performance. Minimize coupling from traces to both power and ground planes. Use low inductance resistors for leaded components . Enable/Disable Operation for Single or Unbalanced Supply Operation Supply Mid-Point Vcc -Vee 2 20kΩ Bias Circuitry Q2 Do not use dip sockets for the CLC407 DIP amplifiers. These sockets can peak the frequency domain response or create overshoot in the time domain response. Use flush-mount socket pins if socketing cannot be avoided. The 730013 circuit board device holes are sized for Cambion P/N 450-2598 socket pins or their functional equivalent. Pin 7 +Vcc 20kΩ Pull-up Resistor Q1 Pin 8 Disable Insert the back matching resistor Rout shown in Figure 3 when driving coaxial cable or a capacitive load. Use the plot in the typical performance section labeled “Settling Time vs. Capacitive Load” to determine the optimum resistor value for Rout for different capacitive loads. This optimal resistance improves settling time for pulse-type applications and increases stability. 20kΩ I Tail Pin 4 -Vee CLC407 NOTE: Pins 4, 7, 8 are external Figure 2 Figure 2 illustrates the internal enable/disable operation of the CLC407. When pin 8 is left floating or is tied to +Vcc, Q1 is on and pulls tail current through the CLC407 circuitry. When pin 8 is less than 0.8V above the supply mid-point, Q1 stops tail current from flowing in the bias circuitry. The CLC407 is now disabled. J1 = 0Ω SMA Input 1 8 2 7 6 3 Rin 50Ω 4 +5V C1 C3 + 0.1µfd 6.8µfd Rout SMA Output 50Ω CLC407 5 -5V Disable Limitations The internal feedback resistor, Rf limits off isolation in inverting gain configurations. Do not apply voltages greater than +Vcc or less than -Vee to pin 8. C2 0.1µfd C4 6.8µfd + Figure 3 5 http://www.national.com Use power-supply bypassing capacitors when operating this amplifier. Choose quality 0.1µF ceramics for C1 and C2. Choose quality 6.8µF tantalum capacitors for C3 and C4. Place the 0.1µF capacitors within 0.1 inches from the power pins. Place the 6.8µF capacitors within 3/4 inches from the power pins. J1 = 0Ω SMA Input C4 C2 +5V C1 C3 + 0.1µfd 6.8µfd Rout SMA Output 50Ω 6 4 CLC407 5 Rpd IEX -5V C4 6.8µfd + Video Cable Driver The CLC407 was designed to produce exceptional video performance at all three closed-loop gains. At the noninverting gain of 2V/V configuration, back terminate the cable using Rout. A typical cable driving configuration is shown below in Figure 6. R4 R2 ROUT C3 R7 R1 R3 R6 C5 + 7 Figure 5 + C6 2 C2 0.1µfd OUT C1 8 3 Rin 50Ω Special Evaluation Board Considerations for the CLC407 To optimize off-isolation of the CLC407, cut the Rf trace on both the 730013 and the 730027 evaluation boards. This cut minimizes capacitive feedthrough between the input and the output. Figure 4 shows where to cut both evaluation boards for improved off-isolation. 1 C8 R8 R5 C7 730013 REV C -Vcc GND RIN RG RF J1 = 0Ω Comlinear A National Semiconductor Company +Vcc SMA Input (303) 226-0500 IN 8 2 7 3 Rin 50Ω Cut trace here Cut trace here 1 4 CLC407 6 C1 0.1µfd Rout 5 50Ω -5V 407 Fig 3 (Right) C2 0.1µfd Figure 4 Video Performance vs. IEX Improve the video performance of the CLC407 by drawing extra current from the amplifier’s output stage. Using a single external resistor as shown in Figure 5, you can adjust the differential phase. Video performance vs. IEX is illustrated below in Graph 2. This graph represents positive video performance with negative synchronization pulses. C4 6.8µfd C3 6.8µfd +5V + Video Output Coax 50Ω 50Ω + Figure 6 N:1 Mux Cable Driver The CLC407 is capable of multiplexing several signals on a single analog output bus. The front page shows how a 2:1 multiplexer is implemented. An N:1 multiplexer is implemented in an analogous fashion by using an N:1 decoder to enable/disable the appropriate number of CLC407’s. Differential Gain & Phase vs. IEX 0.25 0.20 0.20 Phase 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.05 Differential Phase (deg) Differential Gain (%) 0.25 Package Thermal Resistance Package Plastic (AJP) Surface Mount (AJE) CerDip Gain qjc qjA 75˚/W 130˚/W 65˚/W 125˚/W 150˚/W 155˚/W Ordering Information 0 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Model 18 IEX in mA 405 G CLC407AJP -40˚C to +85˚C CLC407AJE -40˚C to +85˚C CLC407AIB -40˚C to +85˚C CLC407ALC -40˚C to +85˚C CLC407A8B -55˚C to +125˚C CLC407AMC -55˚C to +125˚C Contact factory for other packages and h1 Graph 2 The value for Rpd in Figure 5 is determined by: Rpd = 5 IEX at +5V supplies. http://www.national.com Temperature Range 6 Description 8-pin PDIP 8-pin SOIC 8-pin CerDIP dice 8-pin CerDIP, MIL-STD-883 dice, MIL-STD-883 DESC SMD number. This page intentionally left blank. 7 http://www.national.com Comlinear CLC407 Low-Cost, Low-Power, Programmable Gain Buffer with Disable Customer Design Applications Support National Semiconductor is committed to design excellence. For sales, literature and technical support, call the National Semiconductor Customer Response Group at 1-800-272-9959 or fax 1-800-737-7018. Life Support Policy National’s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the president of National Semiconductor Corporation. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. N National Semiconductor Corporation National Semiconductor Europe National Semiconductor Hong Kong Ltd. National Semiconductor Japan Ltd. 1111 West Bardin Road Arlington, TX 76017 Tel: 1(800) 272-9959 Fax: 1(800) 737-7018 Fax: (+49) 0-180-530 85 86 E-mail: europe.support.nsc.com Deutsch Tel: (+49) 0-180-530 85 85 English Tel: (+49) 0-180-532 78 32 Francais Tel: (+49) 0-180-532 93 58 Italiano Tel: (+49) 0-180-534 16 80 13th Floor, Straight Block Ocean Centre, 5 Canton Road Tsimshatsui, Kowloon Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2737-1600 Fax: (852) 2736-9960 Tel: 81-043-299-2309 Fax: 81-043-299-2408 National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. http://www.national.com 8 Lit #150207-003