STMICROELECTRONICS ACS1086S

ACS108-6S
AC switch family
Transient voltage protected AC Switch (ACS™)
Main product characteristics
IT(RMS)
0.8 A
VDRM/VRRM
600 V
IGT
10 mA
■
Overvoltage protection by crowbar technology
■
High noise immunity - static dV/dt > 500 V/µs
COM
COM
G
COM
OUT
SOT-223
ACS108-6SN
OUT
G
TO-92
ACS108-6SA
Applications
■
AC ON/OFF static switching in appliances and
industrial control systems
■
Drive of low power high inductive or resistive
loads like:
– relay, valve, solenoid,
– dispenser, door lock
– pump, fan, micro-motor
Benefits
■
Needs no external protection snubber or
varistor.
■
Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5.
■
Reduces component count by up to 80%.
■
Interfaces directly with the micro-controller.
■
Common package tab connection supports
connection of several alternating current
switches (ACS) on the same cooling pad.
■
Integrated structure based on ASD(1)
technology
Description
The ACS108-6S belongs to the AC line switch
family. This high performance switch can control a
load of up to 0.8A.
The ACS108-6S switch includes an overvoltage
crowbar structure to absorb the overvoltage
energy, and a gate level shifter driver to separate
the digital controller from the main switch. It is
triggered with a negative gate current flowing out
of the gate pin.
Functional diagram
OUT
G
Order code
Part number
Marking
ACS108-6SA
ACS108-6SA-TR
ACS108-6SA-AP
ACS108-6SN-TR
ACS1086S
ACS1086S
ACS1086S
ACS1086S
1. ASD: Application Specific Devices
January 2006
COM
COM
OUT
G
Common drive reference to connect to the
mains
Output to connect to the load.
Gate input to connect to the controller through
gate resistor
TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics
Rev 1
1/11
www.st.com
11
ACS108-6S
1 Characteristics
1
Characteristics
Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Table 1.
Symbol
IT(RMS)
ITSM
I²t
Parameter
RMS on-state current (full sine wave)
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
(full cycle sine wave, Tj initial = 25 °C)
Value
TO-92
Tlead = 75 °C
SOT-223
Tamb = 75 °C
TO-92
Tamb = 61 °C
0.45
f = 60 Hz
t = 16.7 ms
7.6
f = 50 Hz
t = 20 ms
7.3
Unit
0.8
A
A
I²t Value for fusing
0.38
A2s
Tj = 125 °C
100
A/µs
Tj = 25 °C
2
kV
Tj = 125 °C
1
A
tp = 10 ms
dI/dt
Critical rate of rise of on-state current
IG = 2xIGT, tr ≤ 100 ns
VPP
Non repetitive line peak mains voltage(1)
IGM
Peak gate current
VGM
Peak positive gate voltage
Tj = 125 °C
10
V
Average gate power dissipation
Tj = 125 °C
0.1
W
-40 to +150
-30 to +125
°C
Value
Unit
PG(AV)
Tstg
Tj
f = 120 Hz
tp = 20 µs
Storage junction temperature range
Operating junction temperature range
1. according to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 16
Table 2.
Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
IGT (1)
Test conditions
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω
VGT
II - III
MAX
10
mA
II - III
MAX
1
V
II - III
MIN
0.15
V
VGD
VOUT = VDRM, RL =3.3 kΩ, Tj = 125 °C
IH (2)
IOUT = 100 mA
MAX
25
mA
IL(2)
IG = 1.2 x IGT
MAX
30
mA
VOUT = 67% VDRM, gate open, Tj = 125 °C
MIN
500
V/µs
Without snubber (15 V/µs), turn-off time ≤ 20 ms, Tj = 125 °C
MIN
0.3
A/ms
ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, Tj = 125 °C
MIN
650
V
dV/dt (2)
(dI/dt)c (2)
VCL
1. minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max
2. for both polarities of OUT referenced to COM
2/11
Quadrant
ACS108-6S
Table 3.
1 Characteristics
Static electrical characteristics
Symbol
VTM (1)
Test conditions
ITM= 1.1 A, tp = 500 µs
Value
Unit
Tj = 25 °C
MAX
1.3
V
VTO (1)
Tj = 125 °C
MAX
0.90
V
RD (1)
Tj = 125 °C
MAX
300
mΩ
2
µA
0.2
mA
IDRM
IRRM
Tj = 25 °C
VOUT = 600 V
MAX
Tj = 125 °C
1. for both polarities of OUT referenced to COM
Table 4.
Thermal resistance
Symbol
Value
Rth (j-l)
Junction to lead (AC)
TO-92
60
Rth (j-l)
Junction to tab (AC)
SOT-223
25
TO-92
150
SOT-223
60
Rth (j-a)
Figure 1.
0.90
Parameter
Unit
°C/W
Junction to ambient
S = 5 cm²
Maximum power dissipation vs RMS Figure 2.
on-state current (full cycle)
P (W)
1.0
0.80
0.9
0.70
0.8
RMS on-state current vs ambient
temperature (full cycle)
IT(RMS) (A)
ACS108-6SN (with 5cm² copper surface under tab)
0.7
0.60
0.6
0.50
0.5
0.40
0.30
0.3
0.20
180°
0.10
0.00
0.00
ACS108-6SA
0.4
0.2
Tamb °C
0.1
IT(RMS) (A)
0.0
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0
25
50
75
100
125
3/11
ACS108-6S
1 Characteristics
Figure 3.
Relative variation of junction to
ambient thermal impedance vs
pulse duration and package
Figure 4.
K=[Zth(j-a) /Rth(j-a) ]
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
1.E+00
1.E-01
TO-92
SOT-223
tP (S)
1.E-02
1.E-03
Figure 5.
1.E-02
1.E-01
1.E+00
1.E+01
1.E+02
1.E+03
Non repetitive surge peak on-state
current vs number of cycles .
Relative variation of gate trigger
current, holding current and
latching current vs junction
temperature
IGT, IH, IL [T j] / IGT, IH, IL [T j=25°C]
IGT
IL & IH
Tj(°C)
-40 -30 -20 -10
Figure 6.
ITSM (A)
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Non repetitive surge peak on-state
current for a sinusoidal pulse with
width tp < 10 ms, and corresponding
value of I²t (Tj initial = 25 °C).
ITSM(A), I²t (A²s)
10
1.E+03
Tj initial=25°C
9
8
t=20ms
7
One cycle
Non repetitive
Tj initial = 25 °C
6
1.E+02
ITSM
5
1.E+01
4
Repetitive
Tamb = 75 °C
3
1.E+00
I²t
2
1
tp(ms)
0
1
4/11
10
100
Number of cycles
1000
1.E-01
0.01
0.10
1.00
10.00
ACS108-6S
Figure 7.
1 Characteristics
On-state characteristics (maximal
values)
Figure 8.
ITM(A)
10.00
Rth(j-a) (°C/W)
140
Tj max.:
Vto= 0.9 V
Rd= 300 mΩ
SOT-223 junction to ambient thermal
resistance versus copper surface
under tab (PCB FR4, copper
thickness 35 µm)
SOT-223
120
100
1.00
Tj=125°C
80
Tj=25°C
60
0.10
40
20
VTM(V)
SCU(cm²)
0
0.01
0.0
0.5
Figure 9.
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
0.0
4.0
Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current (di/dt)c
versus junction temperature
(dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj=125 °C]
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Figure 10. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs
(dV/dt)c, with turn-off time < 20 ms
2.0
(dI/dt)c [ (dV/dt) c ] / Specified (dI/dt) c
20
1.8
18
1.6
16
1.4
14
1.2
12
10
1.0
8
0.8
6
0.6
0.4
4
2
(dV/dt)c (V/µs)
0.2
Tj (°C)
0
0.0
55
65
75
85
95
105
115
125
Figure 11. Relative variation of static dV/dt
versus junction temperature
8
Vout = 400 V
Vout = 400 V
0.1
1
10
100
Figure 12. Relative variation of the maximal
clamping voltage versus junction
temperature (min value)
VCL [T j] / VDRM
dV/dt [T j] / dV/dt [T j=125°C]
1.20
Vout=400V
7
1.10
6
1.00
5
0.90
4
0.80
3
0.70
2
0.60
1
Tj(°C)
Tj(°C)
0
0.50
25
50
75
100
125
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
5/11
ACS108-6S
2 AC line switch - basic application
2
AC line switch - basic application
The ACS108-6S switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The
switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in Figure 13.
Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108-6S
switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off
snubber.
Figure 13. Typical application program
Valve
AC Mains
Power supply
2.1
Vss
MCU
Vdd
Rg
ACS108-6S
Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS
In comparison with standard triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACS108-6S
is over-voltage self-protected, specified by the new parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two
operating conditions: in case of turn-off of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that
can occur on the electrical network.
2.1.1
High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping
With high inductive and low RMS current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very low.
An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is lower than
IH.
As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load
current decreases (1). The load current reaches the holding current level IH (2), and the ACS
turns off (3). The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator
and an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS (4). The current flows through the
ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is
limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is
dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has been
dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (5).
6/11
ACS108-6S
2 AC line switch - basic application
Figure 14. Effect of the switching off of a high
inductive load - typical clamping
capability of ACS108-6S
Figure 15. Description of the different steps
during switching off of a high
inductive load
4
I OUT
VPEAK = V CL
1
I OUT
(5 mA/div)
3
1
VOUT
(200 V/div)
2
IH
3
4
VOUT
5
IH
VCL
2
5
100µs/div
2.1.2
AC line transient voltage ruggedness
The ACS108-6S switch is able to withstand safely the AC line transients either by clamping the
low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current
rises.
The test circuit shown in Figure 16 is representative of the final ACS108-6S application, and is
also used to test the ACS switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks
to the load limiting the current, the ACS108-6S switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV
above the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology.
Actually, the ACS108-6S breaks over safely as shown in Figure 17. The ACS108-6S recovers
its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero crossing of the
current).
Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.
Figure 16. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit Figure 17. Typical current and voltage
waveforms across the ACS108-6S
for resistive and inductive loads
during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test
with conditions equivalent to
IEC 61000-4-5 standards
VPEAK
I OUT
(2 A/div)
Surge generator
"1.2/50 waveform"
Rgene
2
Model of the load
L
R
150
5µH
VOUT
(200 V/div)
ACS108-6Sx
2.4 kV surge
Rg
220
200ns/div
7/11
ACS108-6S
3 Ordering information scheme
3
Ordering information scheme
ACS
1
08 - 6
S
A -TR
AC Switch series
Number of switches
Current
08 = 0.8 ARMS
Voltage
6 = 600 V
Sensitivity
S = 10 mA
Package
A = TO-92
N = SOT-223
Packing
TR = Tape and reel
AP = Ammopack (TO-92)
Blank = (TO-92) Bulk
(SOT-223) Tube
4
Package information
4.1
TO-92 Mechanical data
DIMENSIONS
REF
Millimeters
Min.
A
a
A
Typ.
C
8/11
D
E
Typ.
Max.
0.053
4.70
C
F
Min.
1.35
B
B
Max.
Inches
0.185
2.54
0.100
D
4.40
0.173
E
12.70
0.500
F
3.70
0.146
a
0.50
0.019
ACS108-6S
4.2
4 Package information
SOT-223 Mechanical data
DIMENSIONS
REF.
Min.
V
A
Millimeters
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
c
A
A1
Inches
B
1.80
A1
e1
D
0.071
0.02
0.001
B
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.024
0.027
0.031
B1
2.90
3.00
3.10
0.114
0.118
0.122
c
0.24
0.26
0.32
0.009
0.010
0.013
D
6.30
6.50
6.70
0.248
0.256
0.264
B1
4
H
E
1
2
e
2.3
0.090
e1
4.6
0.181
3
e
E
3.30
3.50
3.70
0.130
0.138
0.146
H
6.70
7.00
7.30
0.264
0.276
0.287
V
10° max
Figure 18. SOT-223 Footprint
3.25
1.32
5.16
7.80
1.32
2.30
0.95
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect . The category of
second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance
with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also
marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are
available at: www.st.com.
9/11
ACS108-6S
5 Ordering information
5
6
10/11
Ordering information
Part number
Marking
Package
Weight
Base Qty
ACS108-6SA
ACS1086S
TO-92
Bulk
ACS108-6SA-TR
ACS1086S
TO-92
Tape and Reel
ACS108-6SA-AP
ACS1086S
TO-92
Ammopack
ACS108-6SN-TR
ACS1086S
SOT-223
Tape & reel
Revision history
Date
Revision
05-Jan-2005
1
Changes
Initial release.
Packing mode
ACS108-6S
6 Revision history
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