INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET PCF5079 Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS Product specification File under Integrated Circuits, IC17 2001 Nov 21 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS CONTENTS 1 FEATURES 2 APPLICATIONS 3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4 QUICK REFERENCE DATA 5 BLOCK DIAGRAM 6 PINNING 6.1 6.2 Pin description Pin configurations 7 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 General Power-up mode OP4 (integrator) Start-up and initial conditions Home position voltage End of burst Considerations for ramp-down Configurations Summary of current and voltage definitions Timing 8 LIMITING VALUES 9 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) 10 DC CHARACTERISTICS 11 OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS 12 APPLICATION INFORMATION 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 Ramp control PA protection against mismatch Detected voltage measurement Application examples 2001 Nov 21 13 PACKAGE OUTLINES 14 SOLDERING (TSSOP10) 14.1 Introduction to soldering surface mount packages Reflow soldering Wave soldering Manual soldering Suitability of surface mount IC packages for wave and reflow soldering methods 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 2 PCF5079 15 SOLDERING (HVSON10) 15.1 15.2 15.2.1 15.2.2 15.2.3 15.2.4 15.2.5 Soldering information PCB design guidelines Perimeter pad design Thermal pad and via design Stencil design for perimeter pads Stencil design for thermal pads Stencil thickness 16 DATA SHEET STATUS 17 DEFINITIONS 18 DISCLAIMERS Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 1 FEATURES PCF5079 2 APPLICATIONS • Compatible with baseband interface family PCF5073x • Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) • Two power sensor inputs • Personal Communications Network (PCN) systems. • Temperature compensation of sensor signal • Active filter for Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) input 3 • Power Amplifier (PA) protection against mismatching This CMOS device integrates an amplifier for the detected RF voltage from the sensor, an integrator and an active filter to build a PA control loop for cellular systems with a small number of passive components. • Bias current source for detector diodes • Generation of pre-bias level for PA at start of burst (home position) GENERAL DESCRIPTION • Compatible with a wide range of silicon PAs • Compatible with multislot class 12 • Dual output with internal switch • Two different transfer functions • Possibility to adapt dynamic transfer functions • Very small outline package (3 × 3 mm). 4 QUICK REFERENCE DATA SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT VDD supply voltage 2.5 3.6 5.0 V IDD(tot) total supply current − − 10 mA Tamb ambient temperature −40 − +85 °C ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE TYPE NUMBER NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION PCF5079T/C/1 TSSOP10 plastic thin shrink small outline package; 10 leads; body width 3 mm SOT552-1 PCF5079HK/C/1 HVSON10 plastic, heatsink very thin small outline package; no leads; 10 terminals; body 3 × 3 × 0.90 mm SOT650-1 2001 Nov 21 3 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 5 PCF5079 BLOCK DIAGRAM handbook, full pagewidth RFin RFin RFout PA RFout PA D1 D2 CINT1 CINT2 VS2 VS1 5 4 C1 6 pF Ibias2 VINT(N) C2 SFG C4 PUOP1 PUD S5 6 pF R1 PUOP4 20 kΩ OP1 OP4D PUG 30 µA VDD 1 3 SFD 10 pF Ibias1 30 µA VCD VCG 2 S1 VDD OP4IN OP4 PUfilter OP4G C3 BAND GAP AND CURRENT REFERENCE 16.6 pF G = 0.3 VDD S4 PU/PD phases commands 10 µA S3 Vhome Vprebias R4 VSS VDAC PCF5079 VDD 10 µA 7 PUref 6 VSS 6 kΩ VSS 10 VDD VDAC VDD CONTROL LOGIC 8 9 PU BS MGT325 AUXDAC3 PCF5073x Fig.1 Block diagram. 2001 Nov 21 4 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 6 PCF5079 PINNING 6.1 Pin description SYMBOL VCG PIN TYPE(1) 1 O and A DESCRIPTION PA control voltage output (GSM) VINT(N) 2 I and A negative integrator input VCD 3 O and A PA control voltage (DCS) VS1 4 I/O and A sensor signal input 1 VS2 5 I/O and A sensor signal input 2 VSS 6 G reference ground VDAC 7 I and A DAC input voltage PU 8 I and D power-up input BS 9 I and D band selection input VDD 10 P positive supply voltage Note 1. O = output, I = input, I/O = input/output, A = analog, D = digital, P = power supply and G = ground 6.2 Pin configurations handbook, halfpage VCG 1 10 VDD VINT(N) 2 9 VCD 3 8 PCF5079T handbook, halfpage VS2 5 6 VSS BS VS1 4 7 VDAC PU VCD 3 PCF5079HK 8 PU VINT(N) 2 9 BS VCG 1 10 VS1 4 7 VDAC VS2 5 6 VSS MGT326 Fig.2 MGU268 Pin configuration (top view) for PCF5079T, pins are numbered counter-clockwise. 2001 Nov 21 VDD Fig.3 5 Pin configuration (bottom view) for PCF5079HK, pins are numbered clockwise. Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 7 7.1 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 7.4 General The feedback switch across the unused driver is kept open and the output voltage from the unused driver is tied to VSS to maintain the off state of the unused PA. The sensor amplifier can amplify signals from an RF power detector in a range of less than −20 to +15 dBm. This can comply to the PA output power range of GSM900/1800/1900 systems when, for example, a directional coupler with 20 dB attenuation is used for GSM900 and a directional coupler with 18 dB attenuation is used for GSM1800. When pin PU is set to logic 1, at least 5 µs after VDD has reached its final value, switches S1, the appropriate switch SFD or SFG and S3 are closed, and switches S4 and S5 are opened. Because switch S1 is closed, the forward voltage of Schottky diodes D1 and D2 is sampled on capacitors C1 and C2 respectively. The external Schottky diodes for power detection (sensor) are biased by an integrated current source of 30 µA. Variations of the forward voltage with temperature have no influence on the measured signal because they are cancelled by the switched capacitor amplifier OP1. Moreover, the control voltage on pin VCD or VCG is initially forced to be at the pre-bias voltage because the appropriate switch SFD or SFG and S3 are closed, and S4 is opened. An external DAC with at least 10-bit resolution (for example, AUXDAC3 of baseband interface family PCF5073x) is necessary to control the loop. After a fixed time, defined on-chip, switch S1 is opened and the circuit is ready. Once switch S1 is open, a ramp signal applied at pin VDAC (at least 20 µs after the transition of pin PU from logic 0 to logic 1) with an amplitude of at least 70 mV, from CODESTART to CODEKICK, determines the opening of switch S3 and closing of switch S4 on the home voltage, with a delay of 3 µs maximum with respect to the ramp. After switch S3 opens (in a fixed amount of time), the control voltage on pin VCD or pin VCG rises to the home position to bias the PA to the beginning of the active range of its control curve. During this time (typically 2 µs), the appropriate switch SFD or SFG remains closed. When the appropriate switch SFD or SFG is opened, switch S5 is closed, allowing the transfer of any signal coming from amplifier OP1. After this preset, the control voltage is free to increase according to the control loop if the RF input is enabled (see Fig.12). An integrated active filter smooths the voltage steps of the DAC during ramp-up and ramp-down. The operation principle is the same, independently of the selected standard. The DAC signal and the sensor signal are added by amplifier OP1. The voltage difference of both signals is integrated by operational amplifier OP4 dedicated to the selected standard, which delivers the PA control voltage on an external capacitance, CINT1 or or CINT2, between pins VINT(N) and VCD or VCG, respectively. The shape of the rising and falling power burst edges can be determined by means of the DAC voltage. Power-up mode The device includes a power-up input (pin PU) to switch the IC on during time slots that are used in TDMA systems, and to switch the IC off during the unused slots to reduce current consumption. 7.3 For higher DAC ramp steps, the delay of switch S3 opening (S4 closing) is reduced while the delay between switch SFD (SFG) opening with respect to S3 opening (S4 closing) remains unchanged. OP4 (integrator) The operational amplifier OP4 (integrator) consists of a shared input stage, OP4IN and a dedicated output driver for each standard, OP4G and OP4D. Depending on the status of input BS, one driver is active and the other is kept in power-down mode during active time slots. 2001 Nov 21 Start-up and initial conditions The PCF5079 is designed to operate in bursts, as required in TDMA systems. Referring to Fig.4, for each time slot to be transmitted the PCF5079 must be enabled by setting signal PU to logic 1. Once pin PU is active, BS is taken into account to allow correct initialisation of switches S1, SFD, SFG, S3, S4 and S5, and of the configuration signals PUG and PUD. The PCF5079 contains an integrated amplifier for the detected RF voltage from the sensor, an integrator and an active filter to build up a PA control loop for cellular systems with a small number of passive components suitable for dual-band applications. The active band can be selected by means of the dedicated input BS. 7.2 PCF5079 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS handbook, full pagewidth PCF5079 VDD time PU VVDAC CODE KICK CODE START time td1 >5 µs >70 mV 0 2 4 6 8... time (QB) td2 >20 µs closed S1 open time closed S3 open time td3 <3 µs (max) closed S4 open time closed SFD, SFG open time td4 2 µs (typ) closed S5 open time VVCD, VVCG Vhome Vprebias time MGT327 The maximum value of CODESTART is limited by the isolation requirement of the PA used in the application. The pulse determined by CODEKICK minus CODESTART applied for two quarter-bits ensures a start-up of the control voltage with very low jitter and high repetitivity. The codes following CODEKICK have to be chosen to get the best ramp shape and spectrum performance. Fig.4 Start-up and initialization timing diagram. 2001 Nov 21 7 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 7.5 codes, applied for a certain number of Quarter-Bits (QB), is used to balance the energy stored in the summing node during the time interval between the start of control voltage on pin VCD or VCG ramping-up and the feedback of a detected ramp to the sensor input. Also a very slow ramp-down is avoided when the PA switches off and the loop gain becomes zero. Home position voltage Internally, a forward voltage of an on-chip silicon diode is provided as a default home position. This voltage matches the requirements at the control input of most PAs and exhibits the same temperature coefficient. 7.6 End of burst The amount of energy required at the end of the ramp-down depends on the overall loop gain and on the time needed to reach PA conduction from the home position. At the end of a burst, when pin PU is set to logic 0, control voltage on pin VCD or VCG is forced to VSS. The ramp-down should drive the PA from conduction to shut off in a controlled way (see Fig.5). To get this result, correct DAC programming is required, so that the last code of the DAC ramp-down (CODEEND) is lower than the initial code of the ramp-up (CODESTART). In this way, the energy corresponding to the difference between start and end handbook, full pagewidth PCF5079 PU time VVDAC CODE START CODE END . . . i−8 i −6 i−4 i−2 i time (QB) closed S1, S3 time open closed S4, S5 time open VVCD, VVCG VSS time tA(1) t d5 < 1 µs MGT328 (1) The exact duration of tA depends on both PCF5079 and the application loop characteristics. The contribution of PCF5079 is due mainly to the group delay of the low-pass filter on the VDAC input (see Fig.11). Fig.5 End of burst timing diagram. 2001 Nov 21 8 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 7.7 Time t1 can be calculated with the preceding simplification. Now, to define the quantity ∆V KICK = CODE KICK – CODE START (2) Considerations for ramp-down Referring to Fig.5, the i-th code can be programmed to have either the CODEEND or CODESTART value or any code between, depending on the application preferences. These codes do not produce any power at the output of the PA, as CODESTART has been chosen to keep the PA isolation. The proper conclusion of the ramp-down is ensured by choosing CODEEND < CODESTART so that the discharge of the integration capacitance is controlled until the control voltage on pin VCD or VCG goes below the PA conduction threshold and by applying at this time the PU transition from logic 1 to logic 0. the current/voltage equations around the integrator OP4 can be solved by forcing the current through R1 to be equal to the current through the integration capacitance and calculating the ∆V generated on CINT, then t 1 (3) ∆V CINT = --------------- × ∫ i ( τ ) dτ C CINT 0 where g d × ∆V KICK i ( τ ) = -----------------------------R1 At the beginning of a burst, the VDAC signal steps applied at OP1 are not compensated by any signal at the sensor input up to when pin VCD or VCG voltage is greater than the PA conduction threshold voltage. In any case, the initial DAC voltage steps are stored in the capacitance of amplifier OP1. CODEEND has to be chosen so that the energy inside the shaded zone cancels the energy accumulated in the summing node (OP1) at the start of a burst and not balanced by a feedback signal at the sensor input. (4) Substituting equation (4) into equation (3) t 1 ∆V CINT = ----------------------------- × ∫ g × ∆V KICK dτ C CINT × R1 0 d (5) Under the hypothesis the voltage is constant: 1 ∆V CINT = ----------------------------- × g d × ∆V KICK × t C CINT × R1 (6) Equation (6) can be used to calculate time t1 at which the conduction of the PA is reached, considering that t = t 1 ⇒ V home + ∆V CINT = V conduction (7) The exact value of the energy required depends on the specific PA, on the characteristics of the overall loop and on the values chosen for the settable parameters inside the loop. V conduction – V home t 1 = R1 × C CINT × ----------------------------------------------g d × ∆V KICK A rough idea can be derived with a simplified analysis of a ramp-up, ramp-down cycle using the following simplifications: (8) Time t1 depends on the time constant of the integrator, by the PA and by ∆VKICK. The condition to be fulfilled is that the energy contained in the shaded zone (Fig.5) is at least equal to the energy accumulated at the beginning: • The starting conditions for OP1 and OP4 are biasing at Vhome with zero charge on capacitances • The initial rising of pin VCD or VCG voltage from Vhome is caused only by the integration of the constant CODEKICK t1 2 ∫0 VoutOP1 (t) dt = k × QB × ( CODEEND – CODESTART ) where k is the number of quarter-bits during which CODEEND is applied. • VDAC is treated as applied directly at the summing node, initially neglecting the transmission delay through the internal low-pass filter. Generally, the integrator OP4 input can be expressed as (1) V in ( integrator ) = g s × ∆V s – g d × ∆V VDAC where gs and gd are respectively the gains of sensor input and DAC input in the summing amplifier OP1. Equation (1) holds for closed loop operation. In the time interval between the rising of pin VCD or VCG voltage due to CODEKICK (t = 0) and when Vconduction for the PA is reached (t = t1), ∆Vs is 0 and operation is open loop. In this time interval, a charge accumulates in the summing node, which remains uncompensated. 2001 Nov 21 PCF5079 9 2 (9) Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 7.8 PCF5079 Configurations Table 1 Table 2 Operating conditions POWER-UP INPUT (PU) OPERATING MODE 0 disabled; reset 1 enabled Band selection configuration BAND SELECT INPUT (BS)(1) BAND 0 GSM OP4G → active; SFG → working; OP4D → power-down SFD → open VVCG → working; VVCD → VSS 1 DCS OP4D → active; SFD → working; OP4G → power-down SFG → open VVCD → working; VVCG → VSS DRIVER SWITCHES CONTROL VOLTAGE Note 1. BS input has to be set before the PU transition logic 0 to logic 1. 7.9 Summary of current and voltage definitions Refer to Figs 1, 4 and 12. SYMBOL DESCRIPTION VVS1 sensor signal of incident RF power or power sensor 1 signal VVS2 sensor signal of reflected RF wave or power sensor 2 signal VVDAC DAC voltage VVCG control voltage of PA VVCD control voltage of PA Vhome home position voltage Vprebias prebias reference voltage; used at the start-up Ibias1 bias current for detector diode D1 Ibias2 bias current for detector diode D2 RFin input signal to the power amplifier RFout output signal from the power amplifier 7.10 Timing Refer to Figs 4 and 5. SYMBOL DEFINITION MIN. MAX. UNIT td1 delay time; VDD application to PU input transition logic 0 to 1 5.0 − µs td2 delay time; PU input transition logic 0 to 1 to VVDAC ramp-up 20 − µs td3 VVDAC ramp-up detection time − 3.0 µs td4 delay time; ramp-up detected to VVCD, VVCG = Vhome − 2.6 µs td5 delay time; PU input transition logic 1 to 0 to end of burst − 1.0 µs 2001 Nov 21 10 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS PCF5079 8 LIMITING VALUES In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. MAX. UNIT VDD supply voltage 2.5 +6.0 V VI DC input voltage on all pins except VS1 and VS2 −0.5 VDD + 0.5 V VVS1, VVS2 DC input voltage on pins VS1 and VS2 −3.0 VDD + 0.5 V II DC current into any signal pin −10 +10 mA Ptot total power dissipation TSSOP10 package − 315(1) mW HVSON10 package − 844(2) mW Ves human body model; note 3 2000 − electrostatic handling voltage V machine model; note 4 pins 4 and 5 150 − V all other pins 200 − V Tstg storage temperature −65 +150 °C Tamb ambient temperature −40 +85 °C Notes T j – T amb 1. Where P tot = ---------------------- and the thermal resistance between junction and ambient Rth(j-a) = 206.3 K/W. R th(j-a) 2. Where Rth(j-a) = 77 K/W on JEDEC 2S2P board (100 × 100 mm). 3. Human body model: C = 100 pF; R = 1.5 kΩ. 4. Machine model: C = 200 pF; L = 0.75 µH; R = 0 Ω. 9 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) The PCF5079 is compliant to the General Quality Specification for integrated circuits “SNW-FQ-611D” under the stress condition EDSH (human body) and the stress condition ESDM (machine model). 10 DC CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.5 to 5 V; Tamb = −40 to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supply VDD supply voltage 2.5 3.6 5.0 V IDD(op) total operating current no load on pins VCD or VCG − − 10 mA IDD(idle) total idle current no load on pins VCD or VCG; note 1 − − 10 µA 0 − 0.3 V 0.9 − VDD V VDD = 3.7 to 5.0 V 0.95 − VDD V VIL = 0 V −5 − +5 µA Logic inputs (pins PU and BS) VIL LOW-level input voltage VIH HIGH-level input voltage ILL LOW-level input leakage current 2001 Nov 21 VDD = 2.5 to 3.7 V 11 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS SYMBOL PARAMETER PCF5079 CONDITION ILH HIGH-level input leakage current CI input capacitance VIH = 5.0 V MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT −5 − +5 µA − 10 − pF −3 − VDD V −3 − VDD V 17 28 39 µA Sensor inputs and bias current source (pins VS1 and VS2) VVS2 input voltage VVS1 input voltage Ibias1, Ibias2 bias current source for detector diodes D1 and D2 TCIbias1, TCIbias2 temperature coefficient of Ibias1 and Ibias2 VI = 0 V; Tamb = 25 °C; see Fig.6 VDD = 2.5 V VDD = 5.0 V 21 33 45 µA − 0.07 − mA/K Internal home position voltage Tamb = 25 °C Vhome internal home position voltage TCVhome temperature coefficient for Vhome 0.550 0.600 0.650 V − −2.1 − Note 1. A resistive load on pins VCD or VCG to ground (VSS) does not result in additional current consumption. MGT332 35 handbook, halfpage Ibias (µA) 33 31 29 27 2.5 Fig.6 3 3.5 4 4.5 VDD (V) 5 Typical value of Ibias as a function of VDD at Tamb = 25 °C. 2001 Nov 21 12 mV/K Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS PCF5079 11 OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.5 to 5 V; Tamb = −40 to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT 5.0 V Integrator (OP4G and OP4D) VDD supply voltage 2.5 3.6 BG gain bandwidth CL = 120 pF; note 1 4 − MHz PSRR power supply ripple rejection f = 217 Hz; VDD = 3 V; note 1 50 55 − dB SRpos positive slew rate VDD = 3 V; note 2 2.0 3.2 − V/µs SRneg negative slew rate VDD = 3 V; note 2 2.0 3.2 − V/µs VO(min) minimum output voltage Tamb = 25 °C; see Fig.7 − − 0.2 V VO(max) maximum output voltage RL = 350 Ω; see Fig.8 0.85VDD − − V − − % − Capacitors C1, C2 and C4 M matching ratio accuracy between C1, C2 and C4 1 Low-pass filter for DAC signal (3rd-order Bessel filter) f3dB corner frequency td(group) group delay time see Fig.11 70 100 130 kHz 1.8 3.0 4.2 µs Notes 1. Guaranteed by design. 2. Slew rates are measured between 10% and 90% of output voltage interval with a load of 40 pF to ground. MGT333 0.258 handbook, halfpage IL (mA) TC (mV/K) 0.256 11 0.254 9 0.252 7 0.250 2.5 Fig.7 MGT334 13 handbook, halfpage 3 3.5 4 4.5 VDD (V) 5 2.5 5 Temperature coefficient of VO(min) as a function of VDD. 2001 Nov 21 3 3.5 4 4.5 VDD (V) 5 Fig.8 Minimum load current as a function of VDD. 13 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS PCF5079 MGT335 1 MGT336 1 handbook, halfpage handbook, halfpage VVCD or VVCG VVCD or VVCG VDD VDD 0.96 (1) 0.9 (2) (3) 0.92 0.8 0.88 0.7 0.84 0.80 300 500 700 900 0.6 2.5 1100 1300 R L (Ω) V VCD or V VCG Minimum ------------------------------------ as a function V DD of RL. MGW101 4 delay (µs) 3 2 1 104 105 f (Hz) 106 Fig.11 Low-pass filter group delay at pins VCD and VCG (typical values). 2001 Nov 21 4 4.5 VDD (V) V VCD or V VCG Fig.10 Minimum ------------------------------------ as a function V DD of VDD. handbook, halfpage 0 103 3.5 (1) IL = 6 mA. (2) IL = 8 mA. (3) IL = 10 mA. VDD = 2.5 V. Fig.9 3 14 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS PCF5079 12 APPLICATION INFORMATION handbook, full pagewidth RFout (dBc) 0 −10 −20 −30 −40 −50 −60 −70 −80 −28 −18 −10 +543 0 +553 +561 +571 time (µs) VVDAC typ <0.9VDD of PCF5073x CODE END CODE START (1) CODE KICK CODE START 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 nx (2 × QB) 16 + n 20 + n 24 + n 28 + n 32+ n 18+ n 22 + n 26 + n 30 + n time (2 × QB) 16 + n 20 + n 24 + n 28 + n 32 + n 18+ n 22 + n 26 + n 30 + n time (2 × QB) VVCD, VVCG typ >0.85VDD with RL = 350 Ω PA conduction threshold Vprebias 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 nx (2 × QB) APEDAC3 (PCF5073x) time PU (PCF5079) time RFin time tA(2) >20 µs <1 µs MGT329 (1) The software design must guarantee that CODESTART is applied before the PU transition from logic 0 to logic 1. (2) The exact duration of tA depends on both PCF5079 and the application loop characteristics. The duration should be long enough to ensure that VVCD, VVCG is below the PA conduction threshold. The contribution of PCF5079 is mainly due to the group delay of the low-pass filter on the VDAC input (see Fig.11). Fig.12 Timing diagram for one time slot with PCF5073x family. 2001 Nov 21 15 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS PCF5079 handbook, full pagewidth RF SECTION VCG R1 1 kΩ CINT1 < 50 pF R2 1 kΩ CINT2 < 50 pF VINT(N) VCD VS1 1 10 2 9 3 PCF5079 8 4 7 5 6 VDD BS PU VDAC 0 to 2.3 V VS2 VSS AUXDAC3 PCF5073x MGT337 Fig.13 Diagram showing external components required. 12.1 Ramp control CODEKICK and Vhome define the starting conditions for ramping-up. Ramping-up and ramping-down are defined by VVDAC. CODEEND and CODESTART define the correct shut-off of the power module. handbook, halfpage VVCD, VVCG The non-linear behaviour of the control curves of the power modules has a large influence on the loop. Starting conditions in the flat area of the control curve are critical and need some attention. Initially the voltage on pins VCD (VCG) will be at the home position. Successively, the integrator is moved into the active part of the control curve. IL RL 350 Ω 120 pF MGT338 This is achieved by integrating CODEKICK. When VCD (VCG) voltage has reached the active region of the control curve, the loop is closed and the circuit can follow the ramping function generated at pin VDAC. The top value of VDAC voltage determines the power of the transmit burst. Ramping-down is started according to the decrease of VDAC voltage. The loop follows the leading function for ramping-down until the RF sensor leaves its active region. The reason for CODESTART and CODEEND is to shorten the tail of the slope. Fig.14 Worst case load on control voltage pins VCG and VCD. 2001 Nov 21 16 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 12.2 PA protection against mismatch PCF5079 As two sensor inputs are available in the PCF5079, two different detector signals can be combined: one for direct path and one for reflected path. These two voltages, fed to the sensor inputs, are summed inside the PCF5079 resulting in a decrease in the PA output power if there is an increase of the VSWR at the antenna port (see Fig.15). High VSWR at the PA output may occur in systems where the PA is connected to the antenna via couplers and switches with low insertion loss, depending on the antenna matching. The incident and reflected power have to be monitored and care has to be taken to prevent the summed RF power does not exceed the defined maximum value at the PA output. PA handbook, full pagewidth RFin HB band select switch broad band coupler RFout RFin LB C1 C2 VS1 VS2 R1 D1 R2 D2 MGT330 Fig.15 Example of PA mismatch protection circuit. Table 3 Table of components (see Fig.15) SYMBOL COMPONENT DESCRIPTION D1, D2 detector diode Philips 1PS79SB62 R1, R2 resistor R = 1 kΩ (decoupling versions) C1, C2 capacitor C = 39 pF − band select switch Motorola; Alpha Industries; M/A; COM GaAs MMIC; or discrete pin diode, e.g. Philips BAP51-03 − broad band coupler Murata LCD20 series; TDK HHM 20, 22 series 2001 Nov 21 17 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 12.3 PCF5079 Detected voltage measurement PCF5079 RF GMSK MODULATED SIGNAL VDD GSM: 39 pF DCS: 8.2 pF 1 kΩ PROBE MGU223 Fig.16 Set-up for measuring detected voltage for 900 MHz and 1800 MHz working. MGU224 10 handbook, full pagewidth VVS1, VVS2 1 (1) (2) 10−1 10−2 −20 −15 −10 −5 0 5 10 Pin (dBm) (1) DCS. (2) GSM. Fig.17 Detected voltage as a function of incident power for 1PS79SB62 detector diodes. 2001 Nov 21 18 15 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 12.4 PCF5079 Application examples RFin handbook, full pagewidth RFin PA MODULE Vapc BS GSM1800 GSM900 RFout RFout D2 D1 CINT1 R1 VCD R2 VS2 VS1 5 4 VCD 3 VINT(N) VCG 2 1 9 10 PCF5079 6 7 VSS 8 VDAC PU BS VDD 0 to 2.3 V AUXDAC3 PCF5073x MGT331 Fig.18 Application example of a dual-band PA module with single control input. 2001 Nov 21 19 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... 100 nF 220 µF RFinGSM VS2 5 12 1 2 3 6 16 RFinDCS Murata LDC15H200J0897 VS1 7 8 9 10 11 14 4 HIGH GAIN UHF AMPLIFIER MODULE BGY280 15 13 VC2 TXGSM TXDCS VC1 47 pF BS band select PU power-up control voltage VDAC 47 Ω (1) 1PS79SB62 Murata LDC15H180J1747 VINT(N) VCG VS1 2 47 Ω 1 4 RFoutDCS 9 PCF5079 8 7 10 +2.4 to 6 V VCD 3 39 pF 1 kΩ 47 pF 20 VS2 5 RFoutGSM Philips Semiconductors 100 nF +3.6 V Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 2001 Nov 21 handbook, full pagewidth VDD 6 VSS 8.2 pF 68 Ω (1) 47 Ω MGT757 1 kΩ 1PS79SB62 Product specification Fig.19 Application diagram. PCF5079 (1) Precise value depends on the PCB design. Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS PCF5079 13 PACKAGE OUTLINES TSSOP10: plastic thin shrink small outline package; 10 leads; body width 3 mm D E SOT552-1 A X c y HE v M A Z 6 10 A2 pin 1 index (A3) A1 A θ Lp L 1 5 detail X e w M bp 0 2.5 5 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D(1) E(2) e HE L Lp v w y Z(1) θ mm 1.10 0.15 0.05 0.95 0.80 0.25 0.30 0.15 0.23 0.15 3.10 2.90 3.10 2.90 0.50 5.00 4.80 0.95 0.70 0.40 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.67 0.34 6° 0° Notes 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included. 2. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION REFERENCES IEC JEDEC EIAJ ISSUE DATE 99-07-29 SOT552-1 2001 Nov 21 EUROPEAN PROJECTION 21 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS PCF5079 HVSON10: plastic, heatsink very thin small outline package; no leads; 10 terminals; body 3 x 3 x 0.90 mm SOT650-1 y1 C X y A B D E A terminal 1 index area C A4 detail X v M B w M b 1 5 L Eh Bottom view 6 10 e Dh DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) A UNIT max. mm 0.90 A4 b D Dh E Eh e L v w y y1 0.85 0.60 0.30 0.18 3.20 2.80 2.55 2.25 3.20 2.80 1.75 1.45 0.5 0.50 0.30 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.1 OUTLINE VERSION SOT650-1 2001 Nov 21 REFERENCES IEC JEDEC EIAJ 0 1 2 mm scale EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 01-01-22 MO-229 22 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS If wave soldering is used the following conditions must be observed for optimal results: 14 SOLDERING (TSSOP10) 14.1 Introduction to soldering surface mount packages • Use a double-wave soldering method comprising a turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave. This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in our “Data Handbook IC26; Integrated Circuit Packages” (document order number 9398 652 90011). • For packages with leads on two sides and a pitch (e): – larger than or equal to 1.27 mm, the footprint longitudinal axis is preferred to be parallel to the transport direction of the printed-circuit board; There is no soldering method that is ideal for all surface mount IC packages. Wave soldering is not always suitable for surface mount ICs, or for printed-circuit boards with high population densities. In these situations reflow soldering is often used. 14.2 PCF5079 – smaller than 1.27 mm, the footprint longitudinal axis must be parallel to the transport direction of the printed-circuit board. The footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream end. Reflow soldering Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement. • For packages with leads on four sides, the footprint must be placed at a 45° angle to the transport direction of the printed-circuit board. The footprint must incorporate solder thieves downstream and at the side corners. Several methods exist for reflowing; for example, infrared/convection heating in a conveyor type oven. Throughput times (preheating, soldering and cooling) vary between 100 and 200 seconds depending on heating method. During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured. Typical reflow peak temperatures range from 215 to 250 °C. The top-surface temperature of the packages should preferable be kept below 230 °C. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C. A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most applications. 14.3 14.4 Wave soldering Fix the component by first soldering two diagonally-opposite end leads. Use a low voltage (24 V or less) soldering iron applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. Conventional single wave soldering is not recommended for surface mount devices (SMDs) or printed-circuit boards with a high component density, as solder bridging and non-wetting can present major problems. To overcome these problems the double-wave soldering method was specifically developed. 2001 Nov 21 Manual soldering When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between 270 and 320 °C. 23 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 14.5 PCF5079 Suitability of surface mount IC packages for wave and reflow soldering methods SOLDERING METHOD PACKAGE WAVE BGA, LFBGA, SQFP, TFBGA not suitable suitable(2) HBCC, HLQFP, HSQFP, HSOP, HTQFP, HTSSOP, SMS not PLCC(3), SO, SOJ suitable LQFP, QFP, TQFP SSOP, TSSOP, VSO REFLOW(1) suitable suitable suitable not recommended(3)(4) suitable not recommended(5) suitable Notes 1. All surface mount (SMD) packages are moisture sensitive. Depending upon the moisture content, the maximum temperature (with respect to time) and body size of the package, there is a risk that internal or external package cracks may occur due to vaporization of the moisture in them (the so called popcorn effect). For details, refer to the Drypack information in the “Data Handbook IC26; Integrated Circuit Packages; Section: Packing Methods”. 2. These packages are not suitable for wave soldering as a solder joint between the printed-circuit board and heatsink (at bottom version) can not be achieved, and as solder may stick to the heatsink (on top version). 3. If wave soldering is considered, then the package must be placed at a 45° angle to the solder wave direction. The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves downstream and at the side corners. 4. Wave soldering is only suitable for LQFP, TQFP and QFP packages with a pitch (e) equal to or larger than 0.8 mm; it is definitely not suitable for packages with a pitch (e) equal to or smaller than 0.65 mm. 5. Wave soldering is only suitable for SSOP and TSSOP packages with a pitch (e) equal to or larger than 0.65 mm; it is definitely not suitable for packages with a pitch (e) equal to or smaller than 0.5 mm. 2001 Nov 21 24 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 15 SOLDERING (HVSON10) 15.1 The dimensions X and Y indicate respectively the width and the length of the pad. Note that the calculated X dimension is the maximum value in order to avoid solder bridging between adjacent pads.The calculated Y dimension is the minimum value and therefore pad design should start with this value and the pad length at the outside be extended if more solder joint fillets are required. Soldering information Information contained within this chapter is of a preliminary nature and may change without notice. 15.2 PCB design guidelines These guidelines are to help the user in developing the proper PCB design. For the surface mount process refer to “Data Handbook IC26; Integrated Circuit Packages” (document order number 9398 652 90011). 15.2.1 PCF5079 The dimension ‘Cpl’ defines the minimum distance between the inner tip of the pad and the outer edge of the thermal pad. It is suggested that this dimension be fixed at 0.15 mm to avoid solder bridging issues between the thermal pad and the perimeter pads. PERIMETER PAD DESIGN Referring to Fig.20, dimensions Z and G are respectively the outside to outside and the inside to inside pad dimensions. 2.00 REF handbook, full pagewidth Y = 0.69 0.55 G= Z = 3.46 3.27 2.09 1.20 1.00 1.20 1.00 0.33 thermal via 0.30 Cpl = 0.15 MGW498 X = 0.28 0.50 TYP Dimensions in mm. The solder mask opening dimension should be larger than the pad dimension by 125 to 150 µm. Fig.20 HVSON10 PCB pattern. 15.2.2 THERMAL PAD AND VIA DESIGN the top metal layer to the inner or bottom layers of the PCB, thermal vias should be incorporated into the thermal pad design. The number of thermal vias will depend on the application and on the power dissipation and electrical requirements. It is recommended to incorporate an array of thermal vias at a pitch of 1.0 to 1.2 mm with the via diameter between 0.3 and 0.33 mm. The size of the thermal pad should at least match the size of the exposed die-attach paddle. However, in some cases, the die-attach paddle size may need to be modified to avoid solder bridging between the thermal pad and the perimeter pads. In order to effectively transfer heat from 2001 Nov 21 25 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS 15.2.3 PCF5079 15.2.4 STENCIL DESIGN FOR PERIMETER PADS For optimum paste release the area and aspect ratios of the stencil should be greater than 0.66 and 1.5 respectively. STENCIL DESIGN FOR THERMAL PADS In order to remove the heat effectively from the package and to enhance electrical performance the die-attach paddle needs to be soldered to the PCB thermal pad, preferably with minimum voids. area of aperture opening L×W Area ratio = ----------------------------------------------------------------- = -------------------------aperture wall area 2T(L + W) It is therefore recommended that smaller, multiple openings in a stencil should be used instead of one large opening for printing solder paste in the thermal pad region. This results typically in 50% to 80% solder paste coverage. Two examples are shown in Fig.21. aperture width W Aspect ratio = ------------------------------------------- = ----stencil thickness T where: L = aperture length 15.2.5 W = aperture width STENCIL THICKNESS A stencil thickness of 0.125 to 0.150 mm is recommended but this value needs to be optimized by the user to find the proper thickness according to application requirements. T = stencil thickness. handbook, full pagewidth MGW499 a. Outline of 0.4 mm2 2 × 2 array giving 44% solder paste coverage. b. Outline of 1.2 mm2 2 × 1 array giving 60% solder paste coverage. Fig.21 Examples of thermal pad stencil design. 2001 Nov 21 26 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Dual-band power amplifier controller for GSM, PCN and DCS PCF5079 16 DATA SHEET STATUS DATA SHEET STATUS(1) PRODUCT STATUS(2) DEFINITIONS Objective data Development This data sheet contains data from the objective specification for product development. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to change the specification in any manner without notice. Preliminary data Qualification This data sheet contains data from the preliminary specification. Supplementary data will be published at a later date. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to change the specification without notice, in order to improve the design and supply the best possible product. Product data Production This data sheet contains data from the product specification. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes at any time in order to improve the design, manufacturing and supply. Changes will be communicated according to the Customer Product/Process Change Notification (CPCN) procedure SNW-SQ-650A. Notes 1. Please consult the most recently issued data sheet before initiating or completing a design. 2. The product status of the device(s) described in this data sheet may have changed since this data sheet was published. The latest information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.semiconductors.philips.com. 17 DEFINITIONS 18 DISCLAIMERS Short-form specification The data in a short-form specification is extracted from a full data sheet with the same type number and title. For detailed information see the relevant data sheet or data handbook. Life support applications These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips Semiconductors customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips Semiconductors for any damages resulting from such application. Limiting values definition Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Right to make changes Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes, without notice, in the products, including circuits, standard cells, and/or software, described or contained herein in order to improve design and/or performance. Philips Semiconductors assumes no responsibility or liability for the use of any of these products, conveys no licence or title under any patent, copyright, or mask work right to these products, and makes no representations or warranties that these products are free from patent, copyright, or mask work right infringement, unless otherwise specified. Application information Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. Philips Semiconductors make no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. 2001 Nov 21 27 Philips Semiconductors – a worldwide company Contact information For additional information please visit http://www.semiconductors.philips.com. Fax: +31 40 27 24825 For sales offices addresses send e-mail to: [email protected]. SCA73 © Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2001 All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Printed in The Netherlands 403506/01/pp28 Date of release: 2001 Nov 21 Document order number: 9397 750 07095