PROFET® BTS 726 L1 Smart Two Channel Highside Power Switch Features • Overload protection • Current limitation • Short-circuit protection • Thermal shutdown • Overvoltage protection (including load dump) • Fast demagnetization of inductive loads • Reverse battery protection1) • Undervoltage and overvoltage shutdown with auto-restart and hysteresis • Open drain diagnostic output • Open load detection in ON-state • CMOS compatible input • Loss of ground and loss of Vbb protection • Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection Product Summary Overvoltage Protection Operating voltage active channels: On-state resistance RON Nominal load current IL(NOM) Current limitation IL(SCr) Vbb(AZ) Vbb(on) one 60 4.0 16 43 V 5.0 ... 34 V two parallel 30 mΩ 6.0 A 16 A Application • µC compatible power switch with diagnostic feedback for 12 V and 24 V DC grounded loads • All types of resistive, inductive and capacitive loads • Replaces electromechanical relays and discrete circuits General Description N channel vertical power FET with charge pump, ground referenced CMOS compatible input and diagnostic feedback, monolithically integrated in Smart SIPMOS technology. Fully protected by embedded protection functions. Pin Definitions and Functions Pin 1,10, 11,12, 15,16, 19,20 3 7 17,18 13,14 4 8 2 6 5,9 1) Symbol Function Positive power supply voltage. Design the Vbb wiring for the simultaneous max. short circuit currents from channel 1 to 2 and also for low thermal resistance IN1 Input 1,2, activates channel 1,2 in case of IN2 logic high signal OUT1 Output 1,2, protected high-side power output OUT2 of channel 1,2. Design the wiring for the max. short circuit current ST1 Diagnostic feedback 1,2 of channel 1,2, ST2 open drain, low on failure GND1 Ground 1 of chip 1 (channel 1) GND2 Ground 2 of chip 2 (channel 2) N.C. Not Connected Pin configuration (top view) Vbb GND1 IN1 ST1 N.C. GND2 IN2 ST2 N.C. Vbb 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 • 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 Vbb Vbb OUT1 OUT1 Vbb Vbb OUT2 OUT2 Vbb Vbb With external current limit (e.g. resistor RGND=150 Ω) in GND connection, resistor in series with ST connection, reverse load current limited by connected load. Semiconductor Group 1 06.96 BTS 726 L1 Block diagram Two Channels; Open Load detection in on state; + Vbb Voltage Overvoltage Current source protection limit Leadframe Gate protection VLogic 3 Voltage Charge pump sensor Level shifter Limit for unclamped ind. loads Temperature sensor Rectifier IN1 OUT1 17,18 Open load 4 ST1 Logic ESD Load detection R O1 1 GND1 GND1 Chip 1 Signal GND Chip 1 Load GND + Vbb Leadframe OUT2 13,14 Logic and protection circuit of chip 2 (equivalent to chip 1) 7 IN2 Load 8 ST2 R O2 6 GND2 Chip 2 PROFET Signal GND Chip 2 GND2 Load GND Leadframe connected to pin 1, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20 Maximum Ratings at Tj = 25°C unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Supply voltage (overvoltage protection see page 4) Supply voltage for full short circuit protection Tj,start = -40 ...+150°C Vbb Vbb Semiconductor Group 2 Values Unit 43 34 V V BTS 726 L1 Maximum Ratings at Tj = 25°C unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Values Unit Load current (Short-circuit current, see page 5) Load dump protection2) VLoadDump = UA + Vs, UA = 13.5 V RI3) = 2 Ω, td = 200 ms; IN = low or high, each channel loaded with RL = 3.4 Ω, Operating temperature range Storage temperature range Power dissipation (DC)5 Ta = 25°C: (all channels active) Ta = 85°C: Inductive load switch-off energy dissipation, single pulse Vbb = 12V, Tj,start = 150°C5), IL = 4.0 A, ZL = 50 mH, 0 Ω one channel: IL = 6.0 A, ZL = 42 mH, 0 Ω two parallel channels: IL VLoad dump4) self-limited 60 A V Tj Tstg Ptot -40 ...+150 -55 ...+150 3.7 1.9 °C EAS 0.5 1.0 J VESD 1.0 kV -10 ... +16 ±2.0 ±5.0 V mA 12 41 34 K/W W see diagrams on page 9 and page 10 Electrostatic discharge capability (ESD) (Human Body Model) Input voltage (DC) Current through input pin (DC) Current through status pin (DC) VIN IIN IST see internal circuit diagram page 8 Thermal resistance junction - soldering point5),6) junction - ambient5) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) each channel: one channel active: all channels active: Rthjs Rthja Supply voltages higher than Vbb(AZ) require an external current limit for the GND and status pins, e.g. with a 150 Ω resistor in the GND connection and a 15 kΩ resistor in series with the status pin. A resistor for input protection is integrated. RI = internal resistance of the load dump test pulse generator VLoad dump is setup without the DUT connected to the generator per ISO 7637-1 and DIN 40839 Device on 50mm*50mm*1.5mm epoxy PCB FR4 with 6cm2 (one layer, 70µm thick) copper area for Vbb connection. PCB is vertical without blown air. See page 15 Soldering point: upper side of solder edge of device pin 15. See page 15 Semiconductor Group 3 BTS 726 L1 Electrical Characteristics Parameter and Conditions, each of the two channels Symbol at Tj = 25 °C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified Load Switching Capabilities and Characteristics On-state resistance (Vbb to OUT) Tj = 25°C: RON IL = 2 A each channel, Tj = 150°C: two parallel channels, Tj = 25°C: Nominal load current one channel active: two parallel channels active: Device on PCB5), Ta = 85°C, Tj ≤ 150°C Output current while GND disconnected or pulled up; Vbb = 30 V, VIN = 0, see diagram page 9 Turn-on time to 90% VOUT: Turn-off time to 10% VOUT: RL = 12 Ω, Tj =-40...+150°C Slew rate on Tj =-40...+150°C: 10 to 30% VOUT, RL = 12 Ω, Slew rate off Tj =-40...+150°C: 70 to 40% VOUT, RL = 12 Ω, Operating Parameters Operating voltage7) Undervoltage shutdown Undervoltage restart Tj =-40...+150°C: Tj =-40...+150°C: Tj =-40...+25°C: Tj =+150°C: Undervoltage restart of charge pump Tj =-40...+150°C: see diagram page 14 Undervoltage hysteresis ∆Vbb(under) = Vbb(u rst) - Vbb(under) Tj =-40...+150°C: Overvoltage shutdown Tj =-40...+150°C: Overvoltage restart Tj =-40...+150°C: Overvoltage hysteresis Tj =-40...+150°C: Overvoltage protection8) I bb = 40 mA Tj =25°C: Standby current, all channels off Tj =150°C: VIN = 0 7) 8) Values min typ max -- 4 mΩ 50 100 60 120 3.6 5.5 25 4.0 6.0 30 -- A -- -- 10 mA ton toff 80 80 200 230 400 450 µs dV/dton 0.1 -- 1 V/µs -dV/dtoff 0.1 -- 1 V/µs Vbb(on) Vbb(under) Vbb(u rst) 5.0 3.5 -- ---- V V V Vbb(ucp) -- 5.6 34 5.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 V ∆Vbb(under) -- 0.2 -- V Vbb(over) Vbb(o rst) ∆Vbb(over) Vbb(AZ) 34 33 -42 --0.5 47 43 ---- V V V V --- 20 29 50 56 µA IL(NOM) IL(GNDhigh) Ibb(off) At supply voltage increase up to Vbb = 5.6 V typ without charge pump, VOUT ≈Vbb - 2 V see also VON(CL) in circuit diagram on page 8. Semiconductor Group Unit BTS 726 L1 Parameter and Conditions, each of the two channels Symbol at Tj = 25 °C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified Values min typ max Unit -- -- 12 µA --- 1.8 3.6 3.5 7 mA each channel, Tj =-40°C: IL(SCp) 21 32 43 15 25 35 Tj =25°C: 11 17 24 Tj =+150°C: two parallel channels twice the current of one channel Repetitive short circuit current limit, Tj = Tjt each channel IL(SCr) -16 --16 -two parallel channels A Leakage output current (included in Ibb(off)) IL(off) VIN = 0 Operating current 9), VIN = 5V, Tj =-40...+150°C IGND = IGND1 + IGND2, one channel on: IGND two channels on: Protection Functions Initial peak short circuit current limit, (see timing diagrams, page 12) A (see timing diagrams, page 12) Initial short circuit shutdown time Tj,start =-40°C: toff(SC) Tj,start = 25°C: --- 5 4 --- ms -- 47 -- V 150 -- -10 --- °C K --- -610 32 -- V mV (see page 11 and timing diagrams on page 12) VON(CL) Output clamp (inductive load switch off)10) at VON(CL) = Vbb - VOUT Thermal overload trip temperature Thermal hysteresis Tjt ∆Tjt Reverse Battery Reverse battery voltage 11) Drain-source diode voltage (Vout > Vbb) IL = - 4.0 A, Tj = +150°C -Vbb -VON 9) 10) Add IST, if IST > 0 If channels are connected in parallel, output clamp is usually accomplished by the channel with the lowest VON(CL) 11) Requires a 150 Ω resistor in GND connection. The reverse load current through the intrinsic drain-source diode has to be limited by the connected load. Note that the power dissipation is higher compared to normal operating conditions due to the voltage drop across the intrinsic drain-source diode. The temperature protection is not active during reverse current operation! Input and Status currents have to be limited (see max. ratings page 3 and circuit page 8). Semiconductor Group 5 BTS 726 L1 Parameter and Conditions, each of the two channels Symbol at Tj = 25 °C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified Values min typ max Diagnostic Characteristics Open load detection current, (on-condition) 20 -850 each channel, Tj = -40°C: I L (OL) 20 -750 Tj = 25°C: 20 -750 Tj = 150°C: twice the current of one channel two parallel channels ) 12 Open load detection voltage Tj =-40..+150°C: VOUT(OL) 2 3 4 Internal output pull down Tj =-40..+150°C: RO 4 10 30 (OUT to GND), VOUT = 5 V 1 Input and Status Feedback13) Input resistance (see circuit page 8) Tj =-40..+150°C: Input turn-on threshold voltage Tj =-40..+150°C: Input turn-off threshold voltage Tj =-40..+150°C: Input threshold hysteresis VIN = 0.4 V: Off state input current Tj =-40..+150°C: VIN = 5 V: On state input current Tj =-40..+150°C: Delay time for status with open load after switch off Tj =-40..+150°C: (see timing diagrams, page 13), Status invalid after positive input slope Tj =-40..+150°C: (open load) Status output (open drain) Zener limit voltage Tj =-40...+150°C, IST = +1.6 mA: ST low voltage Tj =-40...+25°C, IST = +1.6 mA: Tj = +150°C, IST = +1.6 mA: 12) 13) 6 mA V kΩ RI 2.5 3.5 6 kΩ VIN(T+) 1.7 -- 3.5 V VIN(T-) 1.5 -- -- V -1 0.5 -- -50 V µA 20 50 90 µA 100 520 1000 µs -- 250 600 µs 5.4 --- 6.1 --- -0.4 0.6 V ∆ VIN(T) IIN(off) IIN(on) td(ST OL4) td(ST) VST(high) VST(low) External pull up resistor required for open load detection in off state. If ground resistors RGND are used, add the voltage drop across these resistors. Semiconductor Group Unit BTS 726 L1 Truth Table Cannel 1 Input 1 Output 1 Status 1 Cannel 2 Input 2 Output 2 Status 2 level level BTS 726L1 L H L H L H L H L H L H L H Z H H H L L L L L L H H H (L14)) L L15) H (L16)) H L H H H H Normal operation Open load Short circuit to Vbb Overtemperature Undervoltage Overvoltage L = "Low" Level H = "High" Level X = don't care Z = high impedance, potential depends on external circuit Status signal valid after the time delay shown in the timing diagrams Parallel switching of channel 1 and 2 is easily possible by connecting the inputs and outputs in parallel. The status outputs ST1 and ST2 have to be configured as a 'Wired OR' function with a single pull-up resistor. Terms Ibb V bb 3 IN1 VST1 4 ST1 I IN2 Vbb IN1 I ST1 V Leadframe Leadframe I IN1 I L1 PROFET Chip 1 OUT1 R I GND1 IN2 I ST2 17,18 V GND1 2 7 VON1 VOUT1 GND1 IN2 V ST2 8 Vbb ST2 I L2 PROFET Chip 2 OUT2 VON2 13,14 GND2 6 R GND2 IGND2 VOUT2 Leadframe (Vbb) is connected to pin 1,10,11,12,15,16,19,20 External RGND optional; two resistors RGND1, RGND2 = 150 Ω or a single resistor RGND = 75 Ω for reverse battery protection up to the max. operating voltage. 14) 15) With external resistor between output and Vbb An external short of output to Vbb in the off state causes an internal current from output to ground. If R GND is used, an offset voltage at the GND and ST pins will occur and the VST low signal may be errorious. 16) Low resistance to V may be detected by no-load-detection bb Semiconductor Group 7 BTS 726 L1 Overvoltage protection of logic part Input circuit (ESD protection), IN1 or IN2 GND1 or GND2 R IN I + V bb ESD-ZD I I V I RI IN GND Z2 Logic ESD zener diodes are not to be used as voltage clamp at DC conditions. Operation in this mode may result in a drift of the zener voltage (increase of up to 1 V). R ST ST V PROFET Z1 GND R GND Status output, ST1 or ST2 Signal GND +5V R ST(ON) VZ1 = 6.1 V typ., VZ2 = 47 V typ., RI = 3.5 kΩ typ., RGND = 150 Ω, RST = 15 kΩ nominal. ST Reverse battery protection GND ESDZD - Vbb + 5V ESD-Zener diode: 6.1 V typ., max 5.0 mA; RST(ON) < 380 Ω at 1.6 mA, ESD zener diodes are not to be used as voltage clamp at DC conditions. Operation in this mode may result in a drift of the zener voltage (increase of up to 1 V). R ST IN RI OUT ST Power Inverse Diode Logic Inductive and overvoltage output clamp, GND OUT1 or OUT2 RGND +Vbb Signal GND Power GND RGND = 150 Ω, RI = 3.5 kΩ typ, VZ Temperature protection is not active during inverse current operation. V ON OUT PROFET Power GND VON clamped to VON(CL) = 47 V typ. Semiconductor Group RL 8 BTS 726 L1 GND disconnect with GND pull up Open-load detection, OUT1 or OUT2 ON-state diagnostic condition: VON < RON·IL(OL); IN high IN + V bb Vbb PROFET OUT ST VON ON GND OUT Logic unit V Open load detection V bb V IN ST V GND Any kind of load. If VGND > VIN - VIN(T+) device stays off Due to VGND > 0, no VST = low signal available. Vbb disconnect with energized inductive load OFF-state diagnostic condition: VOUT > 3 V typ.; IN low R high EXT IN PROFET OFF V Logic unit Open load detection R GND O V Consider at your PCB layout that in the case of Vbb disconnection with energized inductive load the whole load current flows through the GND connection. Vbb IN PROFET OUT ST GND V IN V bb For an inductive load current up to the limit defined by EAS (max. ratings see page 3 and diagram on page 10) each switch is protected against loss of Vbb. GND disconnect bb OUT ST OUT Signal GND V Vbb ST V GND Any kind of load. In case of IN = high is VOUT ≈ VIN - VIN(T+). Due to VGND > 0, no VST = low signal available. Semiconductor Group 9 BTS 726 L1 Inductive load switch-off energy dissipation E bb E AS ELoad Vbb IN PROFET = OUT L ST GND ZL EL { R ER L Energy stored in load inductance: 2 EL = 1/2·L·I L While demagnetizing load inductance, the energy dissipated in PROFET is EAS= Ebb + EL - ER= ∫ VON(CL)·iL(t) dt, with an approximate solution for RL > 0 Ω: EAS= IL· L (V + |VOUT(CL)|) 2·RL bb ln (1+ |V IL·RL OUT(CL)| ) Maximum allowable load inductance for a single switch off (one channel)5) L = f (IL ); Tj,start = 150°C, Vbb = 12 V, RL = 0 Ω L [mH] 1000 100 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 IL [A] Semiconductor Group 10 BTS 726 L1 Typ. on-state resistance Typ. standby current RON = f (Vbb,Tj ); IL = 2 A, IN = high Ibb(off) = f (Tj ); Vbb = 9...34 V, IN1,2 = low RON [mOhm] Ibb(off) [µA] 150 40 35 125 30 Tj = 150°C 100 25 75 85°C 20 25°C 15 50 -40° 10 25 5 0 0 10 20 30 0 -50 40 0 50 100 150 Vbb [V] 200 Tj [°C] Typ. open load detection current Typ. initial short circuit shutdown time IL(OL) = f (Vbb,Tj ); IN = high toff(SC) = f (Tj,start ); Vbb =12 V IL(OL) [mA] toff(SC) [msec] 500 6 -40°C 450 5 25°C no load detection not specified for Vbb < 6 V 400 350 300 250 200 150 85°C 4 Tj = 150°C 3 2 100 1 50 0 0 10 20 30 Vbb [V] Semiconductor Group 11 0 -50 0 50 100 150 200 Tj,start [°C] BTS 726 L1 Timing diagrams Both channels are symmetric and consequently the diagrams are valid for channel 1 and channel 2 Figure 1a: Vbb turn on: Figure 2b: Switching an inductive load IN1 IN IN2 t V bb ST d(ST) *) V V OUT1 OUT V OUT2 IL I L(OL) ST open drain t t *) if the time constant of load is too large, open-load-status may occur Figure 2a: Switching a lamp: Figure 3a: Turn on into short circuit: shut down by overtemperature, restart by cooling IN IN1 other channel: normal operation ST I V L1 OUT I L(SCp) I I L(SCr) L t off(SC) ST t t The initial peak current should be limited by the lamp and not by the initial short circuit current IL(SCp) = 25 A typ. of the device. Semiconductor Group 12 Heating up of the chip may require several milliseconds, depending on external conditions (toff(SC) vs. Tj,start see page 11) BTS 726 L1 Figure 3b: Turn on into short circuit: shut down by overtemperature, restart by cooling (two parallel switched channels 1 and 2) Figure 5a: Open load: detection in ON-state, turn on/off to open load IN1/2 I +I L1 IN L2 I L(SCp) ST t d(ST) t d(ST OL4) V OUT I L(SCr) t I off(SC) L ST1/2 open t t ST1 and ST2 have to be configured as a 'Wired OR' function ST1/2 with a single pull-up resistor. The status delay time td(STOL4) allows to distinguish between the failure modes "open load in ON-state" and "overtemperature". Figure 4a: Overtemperature: Reset if Tj <Tjt Figure 5b: Open load: detection in ON-state, open load occurs in on-state IN IN t d(ST OL1) ST t ST V OUT d(ST OL2) V OUT T J I normal open normal L t t td(ST OL1) = 20 µs typ., td(ST OL2) = 10 µs typ Semiconductor Group 13 BTS 726 L1 Figure 5c: Open load: detection in ON- and OFF-state (with REXT), turn on/off to open load Figure 6b: Undervoltage restart of charge pump VON(CL) V on IN d(ST) on-state V V bb(over) off-state t off-state ST OUT V V bb(u rst) V I L bb(o rst) bb(u cp) V bb(under) open V bb t IN = high, normal load conditions. Charge pump starts at Vbb(ucp) = 5.6 V typ. Figure 6a: Undervoltage: Figure 7a: Overvoltage: IN IN V bb V bb V bb(under) V V ON(CL) Vbb(over) V bb(o rst) bb(u rst) V OUT V OUT ST ST t t Semiconductor Group 14 BTS 726 L1 Package and Ordering Code Standard P-DSO-20-9 BTS726L1 Ordering Code Q67060-S7003-A2 All dimensions in millimetres 1) Does not include plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 max per side 2) Does not include dambar protrusion of 0.05 max per side Definition of soldering point with temperature Ts: upper side of solder edge of device pin 15. Pin 15 Printed circuit board (FR4, 1.5mm thick, one layer 70µm, 6cm2 active heatsink area) as a reference for max. power dissipation Ptot, nominal load current IL(NOM) and thermal resistance Rthja Semiconductor Group 15