DATA SHEET BIPOLAR ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT µPC3210TB 5 V, SUPER MINIMOLD SILICON MMIC WIDEBAND AMPLIFIER DESCRIPTION The µPC3210TB is a silicon monolithic integrated circuits designed as wideband amplifier. The µPC3210TB is suitable to systems required wideband operation from HF to L band. This IC is manufactured using NEC’s 20 GHz fT NESAT™III silicon bipolar process. This process uses silicon nitride passivation film and gold electrodes. These materials can protect chip surface from external pollution and prevent corrosion/migration. Thus, this IC has excellent performance, uniformity and reliability. FEATURES • High-density surface mounting: 6-pin super minimold package • Supply voltage : VCC = 4.5 to 5.5 V • Wideband response : fu = 2.3 GHz TYP. @3 dB bandwidth • Power gain : GP = 20 dB TYP. @f = 1.5 GHz • Noise figure : NF = 3.4 dB TYP. @f = 1.5 GHz APPLICATION • Systems required wideband operation from HF to 2.0 GHz ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number µPC3210TB-E3 Remark Package 6-pin super minimold Marking C2X Supplying Form Embossed tape 8 mm wide. 1, 2, 3 pins face to perforation side of the tape. Qty 3 kp/reel. To order evaluation samples, please contact your local NEC sales office. (Part number for sample order: µPC3210TB) Caution Electro-static sensitive devices The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. Not all devices/types available in every country. Please check with local NEC representative for availability and additional information. Document No. P13593EJ2V0DS00 (2nd edition) Date Published May 1999 N CP(K) Printed in Japan The mark shows major revised points. © 1998, 1999 µPC3210TB PIN CONNECTIONS (Bottom View) C2X (Top View) 3 2 1 4 4 3 5 5 2 6 6 1 Pin No. Pin Name 1 INPUT 2 GND 3 GND 4 OUTPUT 5 GND 6 VCC PRODUCT LINE-UP OF 5V-BIAS SILICON MMIC WIDEBAND AMPLIFIERS (TA = +25 °C, VCC = 5.0 V, ZL = ZS = 50 Ω) Part No. µPC2711T fu (GHz) PO (sat) (dBm) GP (dB) NF (dB) ICC (mA) 2.9 +1.0 13 5.0 @f = 1 GHz 12 4.5 @f = 1 GHz 12 µPC2711TB µPC2712T 2.6 +3.0 20 µPC2712TB Package 6-pin minimold C1G 6-pin super minimold 6-pin minimold C1H 6-pin super minimold µPC2713T 1.2 +7.0 29 3.2 @f = 0.5 GHz 12 6-pin minimold C1J µPC2791TB 1.9 +4.0 12 5.5 @f = 0.5 GHz 17 6-pin super minimold C2S µPC2792TB 1.2 +5.0 20 3.5 @f = 0.5 GHz 19 6-pin super minimold C2T µPC3210TB 2.3 +3.5 20 3.4 @f = 1.5 GHz 15 6-pin super minimold C2X Remark Typical performance. Please refer to ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS in detail. Notice The package size distinguishes between minimold and super minimold. 2 Marking Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 µPC3210TB PIN EXPLANATION Pin No. 1 4 6 2 3 5 Pin Name INPUT OUTPUT VCC GND Applied Voltage V Pin Voltage Note V 0.82 4.5 to 5.5 0 4.0 Function and Applications Internal Equivalent Circuit Signal input pin. A internal matching circuit, configured with resistors, enables 50 Ω connection over a wide band. A multifeedback circuit is designed to cancel the deviations of hFE and resistance. This pin must be coupled to signal source with capacitor for DC cut. Signal output pin. A internal matching circuit, configured with resistors, enables 50 Ω connection over a wide band. This pin must be coupled to next stage with capacitor for DC cut. Power supply pin. This pin should be externally equipped with bypass capacitor to minimize ground impedance. 6 VCC 4 OUT 1 IN 2 5 GND 3 GND Ground pin. This pin should be connected to system ground with minimum inductance. Ground pattern on the board should be formed as wide as possible. All the ground pins must be connected together with wide ground pattern to decrease impedance difference. Note Pin voltage is measured at VCC = 5.0 V Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 3 µPC3210TB ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Parameter Symbol Conditions Ratings Unit Supply Voltage VCC TA = +25 °C 6.0 V Circuit Current ICC TA = +25 °C 30 mA Total Power Dissipation PD Mounted on double sided copper clad 50 × 50 × 1.6 mm epoxy glass PWB (TA = +85 °C) 200 mW Operating Ambient Temperature TA –40 to +85 °C Storage Temperature Tstg –55 to +150 °C Input Power Level Pin +10 dBm TA = +25 °C RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Parameter Symbol MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit Supply Voltage VCC 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Operating Ambient Temperature TA –40 +25 +85 °C ELECTRICAL OPERATING CONDITIONS (TA = +25°C, VCC = 5.0 V, ZS = ZL = 50 Ω) Parameter Test Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit Circuit Current ICC No signals 11.5 15.0 19.5 mA Power Gain GP f = 1.5 GHz 18 20 – dB Noise Figure NF f = 1.5 GHz – 3.4 4.4 dB 2.05 2.3 – GHz Upper Limit Operating Frequency fu 3 dB down below from gain at f = 0.1 GHz Isolation ISL f = 1.5 GHz 29 34 – dB Input Return Loss RLin f = 1.5 GHz 10 14.5 – dB Output Return Loss RLout f = 1.5 GHz 7 11 – dB Maximum Output Level PO (sat) f = 1.5 GHz, Pin = 0 dBm +0.5 +3.5 – dBm ∆GP f = 0.1 GHz to 2.05 GHz – ±1.0 – dB Gain Flatness 4 Symbol Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 µPC3210TB TEST CIRCUIT VCC 50 Ω C1 1 000 pF 1 000 pF C4 C6 C3 1 000 pF 6 C5 1 000 pF 1 IN 1 000 pF 50 Ω C2 4 OUT 1 000 pF 2, 3, 5 EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION CIRCUIT VCC 1 000 pF 1 000 pF C4 1 000 pF C3 1 000 pF C5 6 50 Ω C1 IN C6 6 1 4 1 000 pF C7 C8 1 000 pF 1 000 pF 1 4 C2 50 Ω OUT 1 000 pF R1 50 to 200 Ω 2, 3, 5 To stabilize operation, please connect R1, C8 2, 3, 5 The application circuits and their parameters are for reference only and are not intended for use in actual design-ins. Capacitors for VCC, input and output pins 1 000 pF capacitors are recommendable as bypass capacitor for VCC pin and coupling capacitors for input/output pins. Bypass capacitor for VCC pin is intended to minimize VCC pin’s ground impedance. Therefore, stable bias can be supplied against VCC fluctuation. Coupling capacitors for input/output pins are intended to minimize RF serial impedance and cut DC. To get flat gain from 100 MHz up, 1 000 pF capacitors are assembled on the test circuit. [Actually, 1 000 pF capacitors give flat gain at least 10 MHz. In the case of under 10 MHz operation, increase the value of coupling capacitor such as 2 200 pF. Because the coupling capacitors are determined by the equation of C = 1/(2 π fZs).] Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 5 µPC3210TB ILLUSTRATION OF THE TEST CIRCUIT ASSEMBLED ON EVALUATION BOARD Top View C2X OUT C2 IN C1 C3 Mounting Direction C4 C6 C5 COMPONENT LIST Notes Value C1 to C6 6 1 000 pF 1. 42 × 35 × 0.4 mm double sided copper clad polyimide board. 2. Back side: GND pattern 3. Solder plated on pattern 4. : Through holes Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 µPC3210TB TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Unless otherwise specified, TA = +25 °C) CIRCUIT CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 25 CIRCUIT CURRENT vs. OPERATING AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 25 No input signal No input signal 10 5 0 0 1 2 3 4 3 Insertion Power Gain GP (dB) 4 VCC = 5.0 V 15 VCC = 4.5 V 10 5 0 − 60 − 40 − 20 6 0 +20 +40 +60 +80 +100 Operating Ambient Temperature TA (°C) NOISE FIGURE AND INSERTION POWER GAIN vs. FREQUENCY NOISE FIGURE AND INSERTION POWER GAIN vs. FREQUENCY 25 7 20 6 GP 15 VCC = 4.5 V VCC = 5.5 V 10 VCC = 5.0 V NF 5 25 VCC = 5.5 V 5 4 3 TA = − 40 °C TA = +25 °C VCC = 5.0 V 20 15 TA = +85 °C GP TA = +85 °C 10 TA = +25 °C 5 NF VCC = 4.5 V 2 0 0.1 0.3 1.0 3.0 2 0 0.1 TA = − 40 °C 0.3 1.0 3.0 Frequency f (GHz) Frequency f (GHz) ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY 0 0 VCC = 5.0 V − 10 Isolation ISL (dB) − 10 Isolation ISL (dB) Noise Figure NF (dB) 5 20 Supply Voltage VCC (V) VCC = 5.0 V 6 5 Noise Figure NF (dB) 7 Circuit Current ICC (mA) 15 Insertion Power Gain GP (dB) Circuit Current ICC (mA) VCC = 5.5 V 20 − 20 − 30 VCC = 5.5 V VCC = 5.0 V − 40 − 20 − 30 TA = +85 °C TA = +25 °C − 40 TA = − 40 °C VCC = 4.5 V − 50 0.1 0.3 1.0 3.0 − 50 0.1 Frequency f (GHz) 0.3 1.0 3.0 Frequency f (GHz) Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 7 µPC3210TB INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 0 VCC = 5.5 V −5 Input Return Loss RLin (dB) Input Return Loss RLin (dB) 0 VCC = 5.0 V − 10 − 15 VCC = 4.5 V − 20 − 25 0.1 0.3 −5 TA = +85 °C TA = +25 °C − 10 TA = − 40 °C − 15 − 20 − 25 0.1 3.0 1.0 VCC = 5.0 V 0.3 Frequency f (GHz) 3.0 1.0 Frequency f (GHz) OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 0 0 Output Return Loss RLout (dB) Output Return Loss RLout (dB) VCC = 5.0 V −5 VCC = 5.5 V VCC = 5.0 V − 10 − 15 VCC = 4.5 V − 20 − 25 0.1 0.3 1.0 −5 TA = +25 °C − 10 − 15 TA = +85 °C − 20 − 25 0.1 3.0 0.3 +10 f = 1.0 GHz +5 VCC = 5.0 V VCC = 5.5 V 0 VCC = 5.0 V −5 − 10 VCC = 4.5 V − 15 − 20 − 25 Output Power Pout (dBm) Output Power Pout (dBm) f = 1.0 GHz TA = − 40 °C 0 −5 − 10 TA = +25 °C − 15 − 20 TA = +85 °C − 25 − 30 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 0 +5 +10 − 30 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 Input Power Pin (dBm) 8 3.0 OUTPUT POWER vs. INPUT POWER OUTPUT POWER vs. INPUT POWER +5 1.0 Frequency f (GHz) Frequency f (GHz) +10 TA = − 40 °C Input Power Pin (dBm) Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 0 +5 +10 µPC3210TB OUTPUT POWER vs. INPUT POWER f = 1.5 GHz f = 1.5 GHz +5 VCC = 5.0 V VCC = 5.5 V +5 Output Power Pout (dBm) OUTPUT POWER vs. INPUT POWER +10 Output Power Pout (dBm) +10 0 VCC = 5.0 V −5 VCC = 4.5 V − 10 − 15 − 20 − 25 0 −5 TA = − 40 °C − 10 − 15 TA = +85 °C − 20 − 25 − 30 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 0 − 30 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 +5 +10 Input Power Pin (dBm) OUTPUT POWER vs. INPUT POWER f = 2.0 GHz f = 2.0 GHz +5 VCC = 5.0 V VCC = 5.5 V Output Power Pout (dBm) Output Power Pout (dBm) +5 +10 +10 +5 0 VCC = 5.0 V −5 VCC = 4.5 V − 10 − 15 − 20 0 −5 TA = − 40 °C − 30 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 − 15 − 20 0 TA = +85 °C − 30 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 +5 +10 VCC = 5.0 V 0 −5 0.3 1.0 3.0 Saturated Output Power PO (sat) (dBm) Pin = 0 dBm +5 VCC = 4.5 V +5 +10 SATURATED OUTPUT POWER vs. FREQUENCY SATURATED OUTPUT POWER vs. FREQUENCY +10 VCC = 5.5 V 0 Input Power Pin (dBm) Input Power Pin (dBm) − 10 0.1 TA = +25 °C − 10 − 25 − 25 Saturated Output Power PO (sat) (dBm) 0 Input Power Pin (dBm) OUTPUT POWER vs. INPUT POWER +10 TA = +25 °C +10 VCC = 5.0 V Pin = 0 dBm TA = +85 °C +5 TA = − 40 °C TA = +25 °C 0 −5 − 10 0.1 0.3 1.0 3.0 Frequency f (GHz) Frequency f (GHz) Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 9 THIRD ORDER INTERMODULATION DISTORTION AND OUTPUT POWER OF EACH TONE vs. INPUT POWER OF EACH TONE +10 f1 = 1 000 MHz VCC = 5.5 V Pout (each) f2 = 1 002 MHz 0 VCC = 5.0 V − 10 − 20 VCC = 5.5 V VCC = 4.5 V − 30 VCC = 5.0 V − 40 IM3 VCC = 4.5 V − 50 − 60 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 0 3rd Order Intermodulation Distortion IM3 (dBc) 3rd Order Intermodulation Distortion IM3 (dBm) Output Power of Each Tone Pout (each) (dBm) µPC3210TB THIRD ORDER INTERMODULATION DISTORTION vs. OUTPUT POWER OF EACH TONE − 50 f1 = 1 000 MHz − 45 f2 = 1 002 MHz VCC = 5.5 V − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 −5 0 − 20 VCC = 5.0 V VCC = 4.5 V VCC = 5.5 V VCC = 5.0 V − 30 VCC = 4.5 V − 40 IM3 − 50 − 60 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 0 3rd Order Intermodulation Distortion IM3 (dBc) 3rd Order Intermodulation Distortion IM3 (dBm) Output Power of Each Tone Pout (each) (dBm) THIRD ORDER INTERMODULATION DISTORTION AND OUTPUT POWER OF EACH TONE vs. INPUT POWER OF EACH TONE +10 f1 = 1 500 MHz VCC = 5.5 V Pout (each) f2 = 1 502 MHz 0 − 20 VCC = 5.5 V VCC = 5.0 V − 30 − 40 − 50 IM3 VCC = 4.5 V − 60 − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 − 20 − 15 − 10 − 5 0 3rd Order Intermodulation Distortion IM3 (dBc) 3rd Order Intermodulation Distortion IM3 (dBm) Output Power of Each Tone Pout (each) (dBm) VCC = 5.0 V VCC = 4.5 V − 30 − 25 0 VCC = 4.5 V − 20 − 15 − 10 −5 0 − 20 − 15 − 10 −5 0 THIRD ORDER INTERMODULATION DISTORTION vs. OUTPUT POWER OF EACH TONE − 50 f1 = 2 000 MHz − 45 f2 = 2 002 MHz − 40 − 35 − 30 − 25 VCC = 5.5 V − 20 − 15 − 10 VCC = 5.0 V −5 0 − 20 Input Power of Each Tone Pin (each) (dBm) 10 −5 Output Power of Each Tone Pout (each) (dBm) THIRD ORDER INTERMODULATION DISTORTION AND OUTPUT POWER OF EACH TONE vs. INPUT POWER OF EACH TONE +10 f1 = 2 000 MHz Pout (each) VCC = 5.5 V f2 = 2 002 MHz 0 − 20 − 10 THIRD ORDER INTERMODULATION DISTORTION vs. OUTPUT POWER OF EACH TONE − 50 f1 = 1 500 MHz − 45 f2 = 1 502 MHz VCC = 5.5 V − 40 VCC = 5.0 V − 35 Input Power of Each Tone Pin (each) (dBm) − 10 − 15 Output Power of Each Tone Pout (each) (dBm) Input Power of Each Tone Pin (each) (dBm) − 10 VCC = 5.0 V VCC = 4.5 V Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 VCC = 4.5 V − 15 − 10 −5 Output Power of Each Tone Pout (each) (dBm) 0 µPC3210TB S-PARAMETER (VCC = 5.0 V) S11−FREQUENCY 1G 0.1 G 2.0 G S22−FREQUENCY 0.1 G 2.0 G 1.0 G Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 11 µPC3210TB TYPICAL S-PARAMETER VALUES (TA = +25 °C) µPC3210TB VCC = 5.0 V, ICC = 16 mA FREQUENCY MHz MAG. ANG. MAG. 100.0000 200.0000 300.0000 400.0000 500.0000 600.0000 700.0000 800.0000 900.0000 1000.0000 1100.0000 1200.0000 1300.0000 1400.0000 1500.0000 1600.0000 1700.0000 1800.0000 1900.0000 2000.0000 2100.0000 2200.0000 2300.0000 2400.0000 2500.0000 2600.0000 2700.0000 2800.0000 2900.0000 3000.0000 3100.0000 0.358 0.335 0.321 0.306 0.294 0.283 0.273 0.267 0.260 0.252 0.246 0.239 0.229 0.224 0.215 0.203 0.191 0.179 0.163 0.155 0.140 0.133 0.130 0.133 0.137 0.149 0.157 0.170 0.181 0.203 0.209 171.9 166.6 160.7 158.3 154.4 151.8 148.6 146.0 144.2 141.5 138.4 135.9 133.3 131.1 127.4 125.8 123.1 122.1 121.0 123.4 126.1 129.1 135.3 139.0 144.0 148.5 150.2 152.2 150.3 149.0 147.9 8.688 8.807 8.821 8.841 8.908 8.990 9.160 9.342 9.541 9.741 10.071 10.393 10.513 10.763 10.708 10.720 10.388 9.993 9.507 8.983 8.384 7.905 7.412 6.976 6.582 6.202 5.942 5.567 5.360 5.013 4.810 12 S11 S21 S12 ANG. −4.4 −10.6 −17.1 −23.3 −29.2 −35.1 −41.0 −47.3 −53.9 −60.8 −68.6 −76.3 −85.4 −94.5 −104.0 −114.2 −124.1 −133.7 −142.8 −151.2 −158.9 −166.0 −172.3 −178.6 176.1 170.4 164.9 159.7 153.9 149.0 142.9 S22 MAG. ANG. MAG. 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.019 0.019 0.021 0.021 0.023 0.023 0.025 0.024 0.027 0.029 0.032 0.034 0.038 0.039 0.043 0.045 0.047 0.048 0.051 −1.4 3.3 6.3 9.9 13.6 15.8 19.5 24.3 29.8 28.9 29.4 36.7 38.1 45.6 48.2 48.9 55.7 59.5 61.9 65.9 69.0 70.7 71.8 74.3 73.2 71.4 73.7 72.2 72.5 69.6 71.0 0.233 0.237 0.233 0.233 0.241 0.246 0.250 0.256 0.263 0.274 0.283 0.291 0.299 0.303 0.311 0.316 0.308 0.303 0.291 0.275 0.255 0.230 0.207 0.182 0.157 0.136 0.116 0.102 0.099 0.104 0.117 Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 K ANG. −6.8 −12.0 −15.1 −20.6 −25.6 −30.8 −35.8 −41.2 −47.9 −53.1 −59.0 −65.7 −71.9 −79.7 −87.6 −94.9 −103.4 −111.5 −119.5 −128.4 −135.0 −140.5 −145.9 −150.3 −151.8 −152.1 −147.1 −137.8 −132.3 −122.3 −114.4 2.63 2.71 2.68 2.68 2.67 2.74 2.67 2.65 2.69 2.46 2.37 2.38 2.25 2.20 2.05 2.07 1.98 2.02 2.01 2.17 2.14 2.12 2.10 2.12 2.06 2.13 2.03 2.04 2.03 2.10 2.08 µPC3210TB PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 0.1 MIN. 6 pin super minimold (unit: mm) 2.1 ±0.1 0.15 +0.1 –0 1.25 ±0.1 0.2 +0.1 –0 0 to 0.1 0.65 0.7 0.65 1.3 0.9 ±0.1 2.0 ±0.2 Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 13 µPC3210TB NOTES ON CORRECT USE (1) Observe precautions for handling because of electro-static sensitive devices. (2) Form a ground pattern as widely as possible to minimize ground impedance (to prevent undesired oscillation). All the ground pins must be connected together with wide ground pattern to decrease impedance difference. (3) The bypass capacitor should be attached to VCC line. (4) The DC cut capacitor must be each attached to input and output pin. RECOMMENDED SOLDERING CONDITIONS This product should be soldered in the following recommended conditions. Other soldering methods and conditions than the recommended conditions are to be consulted with our sales representatives. µPC3210TB Soldering Method Soldering Conditions Recommended Condition Symbol Infrared Reflow Package peak temperature: 235 °C or below Time: 30 seconds or less (at 210 °C) Note Count: 3, Exposure limit : None IR35-00-3 VPS Package peak temperature: 215 °C or below Time: 40 seconds or less (at 200 °C) Note Count: 3, Exposure limit : None VP15-00-3 Wave Soldering Soldering bath temperature: 260 °C or below Time: 10 seconds or less Note Count: 1, Exposure limit : None WS60-00-1 Partial Heating Pin temperature: 300 °C Time: 3 seconds or less (per side of device) Note Exposure limit : None – Note After opening the dry pack, keep it in a place below 25 °C and 65 % RH for the allowable storage period. Caution Do not use different soldering methods together (except for partial heating). For details of recommended soldering conditions for surface mounting, refer to information document SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE MOUNTING TECHNOLOGY MANUAL (C10535E). 14 Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 µPC3210TB [MEMO] Data Sheet P13593EJ2V0DS00 15 µPC3210TB ATTENTION OBSERVE PRECAUTIONS FOR HANDLING ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVE DEVICES NESAT (NEC Silicon Advanced Technology) is a trademark of NEC Corporation. • The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. • No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of NEC Corporation. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document. • NEC Corporation does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising from use of such device. No license, either express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC Corporation or others. • Descriptions of circuits, software, and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. The incorporation of these circuits, software, and information in the design of the customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of the customer. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by the customer or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software, and information. • While NEC Corporation has been making continuous effort to enhance the reliability of its semiconductor devices, the possibility of defects cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage or injury to persons or property arising from a defect in an NEC semiconductor device, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in its design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. • NEC devices are classified into the following three quality grades: "Standard", "Special", and "Specific". The Specific quality grade applies only to devices developed based on a customer designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. The recommended applications of a device depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. Customers must check the quality grade of each device before using it in a particular application. Standard: Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots Special: Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) Specific: Aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems or medical equipment for life support, etc. The quality grade of NEC devices is "Standard" unless otherwise specified in NEC's Data Sheets or Data Books. If customers intend to use NEC devices for applications other than those specified for Standard quality grade, they should contact an NEC sales representative in advance. M7 98. 8