2SC5702 Silicon NPN Epitaxial High Frequency Amplifier / Oscillator ADE-208-1414 (Z) 1st. Edition Mar. 2001 Features • High gain bandwidth product fT = 8 GHz typ. • High power gain and low noise figure ; PG = 13 dB typ., NF = 1.05 dB typ. at f = 900 MHz Outline MFPAK 3 1 2 Note: Marking is “ZS-”. 1. Emitter 2. Base 3. Collector 2SC5702 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C) Item Symbol Ratings Unit Collector to base voltage VCBO 15 V Collector to emitter voltage VCEO 6 V Emitter to base voltage VEBO 1.5 V Collector current IC 50 mA Collector power dissipation Pc 80 mW Junction temperature Tj 150 °C Storage temperature Tstg –55 to +150 °C Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C) Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions Collector to base breakdown voltage V(BR)CBO 15 18.5 V I C = 10 µA, I E = 0 Collector cutoff current I CBO 1 µA VCB = 10 V, IE = 0 Collector cutoff current I CEO 1 mA VCE = 4 V, RBE = ∞ Emitter cutoff current I EBO 10 mA VEB = 1.5V, IC = 0 DC current transfer ratio hFE 80 120 160 V VCE = 1 V, IC = 5 mA Collector output capacitance Cob 0.85 1.2 pF VCB = 1 V, IE = 0 f = 1 MHz Gain bandwidth product fT 6.5 8.0 GHz VCE = 1 V, IC = 5 mA f = 1 MHz Power gain PG 11 13 dB VCE = 1 V, IC = 5 mA f = 900 MHz Noise figure NF 1.05 1.9 dB VCE = 1 V, IC = 5 mA f = 900 MHz 2 2SC5702 Collecter Voltage vs. Collecter to Emitter Voltege Maximum Collector Dissipation Curve 50 410 µA 460 µA 360 µA 310 µA 40 120 Collecter Voltege Ic (mA) Collector Power Dissipation Pc (mW) 160 80 40 260 µA 210 µA 30 160 µA 20 110 µA 60 µA 10 IB =10 µA 0 50 100 150 Ambient Temperature 0 200 1 Ta (°C) Collecter Voltage vs. Base to Emitter Voltege 5 DC Current Transfet Ratio vs. Collector Current VCE = 1 V DC Current Transfer Ratio hFE 40 Collecter Voltege Ic (mA) 4 200 50 30 20 10 160 120 80 40 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Base to Emitter Voltage VBE 3 3 2 Collecter to Emitter Voltege VCE (V) 1.0 (V) 1.2 1 2 5 10 Collector Current 20 50 IC (mA) 100 2SC5702 Collector Output Capacitance vs. Collector to Base Voltage 1.4 Reverse Transfer Capacitance Cre (pF) IE = 0 f = 1 MHz (pF) Cob Collector Output Capacitance Reverse Transfer capacitance vs. Collector To Base Voltage 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 1 Collector to Base Voltage 10 VCB (V) 1.0 Input Capacitance Cib (pF) f = 1 MHz 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 Emitter to Base Voltage 4 10 VEB (V) E: Guard pin f = 1 MHz 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 1 Collector to Base Voltage Collector Input Capacitance vs. Emitter To Base Voltage 0.1 1.0 10 VCB (V) 2SC5702 Power Gain vs. Collector Current Noise Figure vs. Collector Current 20 5.0 f = 900 MHz f = 900 MHz VCE = 3 V NF (dB) 4.0 2V 12 Noise Figure Power Gain PG (dB) 16 8 1V 4 VCE = 3 V 2V 3.0 1V 2.0 1.0 0 0.0 1 2 5 10 Collector Current 20 50 100 1 20 50 100 Ic (mA) S 21 Parameter vs. Collector Current 20 VCE = 1 V f = 1 MHz VCE = 1 V |S21| (dB) 16 f T (GHz) 10 Collector Current 20 12 S21 Parameter Gain Bandwidth Prodfuct 5 Ic (mA) Gain Bandwidth Product vs. Collector Currnet 8 16 12 8 4 4 0 0 1 2 5 10 Collector Current 5 2 20 Ic (mA) 50 100 1 2 5 10 Collector Current 20 Ic (mA) 50 100 2SC5702 S11 Parameter vs. Frequency .8 1 S21 Paramter vs. Frequency 90° 1.5 .6 Scale: 10 / div. 60° 120° 2 .4 3 30° 150° 4 5 .2 10 .2 0 .4 .6 .8 1 1.5 2 3 45 10 180° 0° −10 −5 −4 −.2 −3 −.4 −30° −150° −2 −.6 −.8 −1 (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) S22 Parameter vs. Frequency S12 Parameter vs. Frequency 90° −90° Condition : V CE = 1 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) Condition : V CE = 1 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) Scale: 10 / div. .8 1 .6 60° 120° −60° −120° −1.5 1.5 2 .4 3 30° 150° 4 5 .2 10 180° 0° .2 0 .4 .6 .8 1 1.5 2 3 45 10 −10 −5 −4 −.2 −30° −150° −3 −.4 −120° −60° −90° Condition : V CE = 1 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) 6 −2 −.6 −.8 −1 −1.5 Condition : V CE = 1 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) 2SC5702 S21 Paramter vs. Frequency S11 Parameter vs. Frequency .8 1 .6 90° 1.5 Scale: 10 / div. 60° 120° 2 .4 3 30° 150° 4 5 .2 10 .2 0 .4 .6 .8 1 1.5 2 3 45 10 180° 0° −10 −5 −4 −.2 −3 −.4 −30° −150° −2 −.6 −.8 −1 S12 Parameter vs. Frequency S22 Parameter vs. Frequency Scale: 10 / div. .8 60° 120° −90° Condition : V CE = 2 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) Condition : V CE = 2 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) 90° −60° −120° −1.5 1 .6 1.5 2 .4 3 30° 150° 4 5 .2 10 180° 0° .2 0 .4 .6 .8 1 1.5 2 3 45 10 −10 −5 −4 −.2 −30° −150° −3 −.4 −120° −60° −90° Condition : V CE = 2 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) 7 −2 −.6 −.8 −1 −1.5 Condition : V CE = 2 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) 2SC5702 S11 Parameter vs. Frequency .8 1 .6 S21 Paramter vs. Frequency 90° 1.5 Scale: 10 / div. 60° 120° 2 .4 3 30° 150° 4 5 .2 10 .2 0 .4 .6 .8 1 1.5 2 3 45 10 180° 0° −10 −5 −4 −.2 −.4 −30° −150° −3 −2 −.6 −.8 −1 S12 Parameter vs. Frequency S21 Paramter vs. Frequency Scale: 10 / div. .8 60° 120° −90° Condition : V CE = 3 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) Condition : V CE = 3 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) 90° −60° −120° −1.5 1 .6 1.5 2 .4 3 30° 150° 4 5 .2 10 0° 180° .2 0 .4 .6 .8 1 1.5 2 3 45 10 −10 −5 −4 −.2 −30° −150° −3 −.4 −120° −60° −90° Condition : V CE = 3 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) 8 −2 −.6 −.8 −1 −1.5 Condition : V CE = 3 V, Zo = 50 Ω 100 to 2000 MHz (100 MHz STEP) (IC = 5mA) (IC = 20mA) 2SC5702 Sparameter (VCE = 1 V, IC = 5 mA, Zo = 50 Ω) S11 S21 S12 S22 f (MHz) MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG 100 0.832 -28.2 14.18 159.9 0.0347 74.2 0.927 -20.7 200 0.723 -55.3 12.19 141.4 0.0624 61.4 0.789 -38.8 300 0.636 -78.0 10.17 127.5 0.0806 52.8 0.644 -52.3 400 0.559 -95.2 8.43 117.9 0.0920 48.9 0.532 -61.8 500 0.513 -110.1 7.15 110.6 0.1001 46.8 0.447 -69.1 600 0.473 -121.4 6.15 105.0 0.1065 45.8 0.378 -75.3 700 0.462 -132.4 5.40 100.2 0.1124 46.0 0.327 -79.8 800 0.443 -139.7 4.84 96.4 0.1182 46.7 0.285 -84.6 900 0.432 -148.1 4.32 92.6 0.1236 47.6 0.250 -89.4 1000 0.435 -153.9 3.94 89.6 0.1294 48.7 0.223 -93.3 1100 0.420 -160.5 3.60 87.2 0.1351 49.5 0.200 -97.4 1200 0.438 -165.4 3.33 84.5 0.1410 50.9 0.181 -102.3 1300 0.428 -168.8 3.11 82.2 0.1471 51.9 0.163 -107.4 1400 0.442 -175.3 2.87 80.0 0.1537 53.2 0.151 -111.4 1500 0.444 -177.1 2.75 78.0 0.1601 54.3 0.138 -117.3 1600 0.448 177.3 2.57 76.1 0.1671 55.2 0.130 -121.8 1700 0.464 176.0 2.44 73.9 0.1739 56.2 0.124 -128.5 1800 0.460 172.7 2.34 72.7 0.1810 56.9 0.119 -135.6 1900 0.474 170.1 2.21 70.7 0.1888 57.8 0.116 -142.0 2000 0.481 168.3 2.13 69.1 0.1952 58.6 0.114 -148.5 9 2SC5702 Sparameter (VCE = 1 V, IC = 20 mA, Zo = 50 Ω) S11 S21 S12 S22 f (MHz) MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG 100 0.534 -68.4 30.97 140.9 0.0258 65.2 0.735 -45.4 200 0.467 -111.9 20.56 119.2 0.0390 57.4 0.489 -73.4 300 0.451 -135.2 14.57 107.9 0.0490 58.2 0.350 -91.3 400 0.434 -149.5 11.16 101.6 0.0581 60.5 0.276 -104.5 500 0.438 -159.1 9.02 97.1 0.0673 63.1 0.231 -115.5 600 0.430 -165.9 7.58 93.7 0.0772 65.0 0.201 -125.9 700 0.441 -172.5 6.52 90.8 0.0872 66.5 0.182 -135.2 800 0.442 -175.8 5.75 88.3 0.0974 67.7 0.170 -144.0 900 0.451 178.4 5.09 86.1 0.1081 68.5 0.164 -152.6 1000 0.456 175.8 4.62 84.0 0.1184 69.5 0.158 -160.2 1100 0.452 171.2 4.22 82.5 0.1291 69.7 0.157 -166.8 1200 0.470 169.0 3.87 80.5 0.1395 70.2 0.158 -173.0 1300 0.462 166.2 3.62 79.0 0.1504 70.2 0.158 -179.2 1400 0.485 162.5 3.34 77.7 0.1608 70.7 0.162 176.1 1500 0.483 162.0 3.16 75.6 0.1719 70.7 0.164 171.1 1600 0.494 158.4 2.98 74.5 0.1826 70.6 0.168 167.2 1700 0.505 157.3 2.81 72.8 0.1935 70.5 0.175 164.0 1800 0.503 155.6 2.69 72.0 0.2040 70.4 0.181 160.4 1900 0.525 152.6 2.54 70.5 0.2148 70.5 0.189 157.1 2000 0.523 152.4 2.45 69.0 0.2247 70.2 0.195 154.1 10 2SC5702 Sparameter (VCE = 2 V, IC = 5 mA, Zo =50 Ω) S11 S21 S12 S22 f (MHz) MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG 100 0.837 -25.5 14.31 161.2 0.0306 75.8 0.938 -18.2 200 0.739 -50.1 12.50 143.5 0.0559 63.3 0.813 -34.5 300 0.646 -72.1 10.58 129.9 0.0736 55.0 0.674 -46.5 400 0.565 -88.6 8.85 120.2 0.0848 51.0 0.563 -54.9 500 0.513 -103.4 7.58 112.7 0.0928 48.7 0.476 -61.1 600 0.466 -114.0 6.56 106.9 0.0996 47.7 0.405 -66.1 700 0.444 -125.7 5.77 102.1 0.1055 48.0 0.351 -69.5 800 0.429 -133.3 5.17 98.1 0.1106 48.5 0.307 -72.7 900 0.412 -142.2 4.62 94.1 0.1162 49.2 0.269 -76.1 1000 0.411 -148.8 4.22 91.1 0.1214 50.0 0.239 -78.3 1100 0.395 -155.5 3.87 88.6 0.1276 51.2 0.215 -80.7 1200 0.410 -161.6 3.57 85.7 0.1331 52.3 0.192 -84.0 1300 0.401 -165.3 3.34 83.6 0.1387 53.4 0.171 -86.6 1400 0.413 -172.1 3.08 81.4 0.1447 54.6 0.156 -88.9 1500 0.417 -174.3 2.94 79.1 0.1510 55.8 0.139 -92.9 1600 0.415 -179.2 2.75 77.4 0.1579 56.4 0.128 -95.6 1700 0.431 177.8 2.63 75.0 0.1644 57.6 0.117 -100.4 1800 0.426 175.2 2.50 73.8 0.1709 58.4 0.106 -105.7 1900 0.447 171.4 2.38 71.8 0.1781 59.6 0.097 -112.2 2000 0.450 169.9 2.28 70.1 0.1850 60.2 0.090 -118.3 11 2SC5702 Sparameter (VCE = 2 V, IC = 20 mA, Zo = 50 Ω) S11 S21 S12 S22 f (MHz) MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG 100 0.548 -58.6 32.28 143.9 0.0231 67.8 0.777 -38.8 200 0.451 -99.9 22.20 121.9 0.0363 59.6 0.527 -62.6 300 0.415 -125.6 15.97 110.2 0.0464 60.1 0.373 -76.9 400 0.390 -141.4 12.32 103.5 0.0545 61.7 0.283 -86.7 500 0.392 -152.5 9.97 98.7 0.0632 63.8 0.226 -95.1 600 0.382 -160.9 8.41 95.2 0.0726 65.6 0.184 -102.9 700 0.387 -168.1 7.23 92.0 0.0823 67.1 0.155 -110.3 800 0.387 -172.8 6.39 89.5 0.0914 68.5 0.133 -118.3 900 0.390 -178.6 5.66 87.1 0.1019 69.2 0.117 -127.6 1000 0.399 178.2 5.13 85.0 0.1114 70.2 0.104 -136.9 1100 0.400 172.6 4.69 83.4 0.1213 70.6 0.097 -146.4 1200 0.412 170.4 4.29 81.5 0.1309 71.1 0.092 -156.2 1300 0.409 167.8 4.01 79.9 0.1411 71.1 0.091 -166.0 1400 0.433 163.6 3.70 78.6 0.1518 71.6 0.092 -174.7 1500 0.426 162.4 3.50 76.8 0.1615 71.4 0.093 176.8 1600 0.435 158.8 3.30 75.4 0.1714 71.5 0.097 170.5 1700 0.454 157.9 3.10 73.6 0.1817 71.8 0.103 165.0 1800 0.446 155.5 2.97 72.7 0.1918 71.2 0.109 159.1 1900 0.475 153.5 2.81 71.1 0.2021 71.3 0.117 155.2 2000 0.473 152.7 2.71 69.9 0.2113 71.1 0.125 150.3 12 2SC5702 Sparameter (VCE = 3 V, IC = 5 mA, Zo = 50 Ω) S11 S21 S12 S22 f (MHz) MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG 100 0.846 -24.1 14.25 161.9 0.0287 75.9 0.9420 -17.0 200 0.748 -48.1 12.56 144.7 0.0534 64.3 0.8245 -32.2 300 0.656 -69.0 10.71 131.2 0.0705 56.4 0.6904 -43.6 400 0.573 -84.9 9.03 121.3 0.0817 52.0 0.5802 -51.5 500 0.516 -99.3 7.75 113.8 0.0895 49.6 0.4932 -57.4 600 0.469 -110.6 6.72 108.0 0.0961 48.6 0.4224 -61.6 700 0.442 -121.8 5.92 102.9 0.1015 48.5 0.3680 -64.4 800 0.423 -130.4 5.31 99.0 0.1071 49.0 0.3229 -67.1 900 0.404 -139.8 4.75 95.2 0.1128 49.9 0.2856 -69.5 1000 0.399 -146.0 4.34 92.0 0.1177 50.7 0.2535 -71.2 1100 0.382 -153.0 3.97 89.3 0.1230 51.7 0.2285 -72.9 1200 0.397 -159.3 3.69 86.5 0.1289 53.2 0.2052 -74.8 1300 0.385 -163.3 3.44 84.5 0.1344 54.2 0.1839 -76.6 1400 0.400 -169.7 3.18 81.8 0.1400 55.1 0.1680 -78.0 1500 0.401 -171.9 3.03 79.7 0.1462 56.2 0.1496 -80.5 1600 0.399 -177.2 2.84 77.8 0.1528 57.4 0.1381 -82.1 1700 0.415 179.5 2.70 75.7 0.1590 58.2 0.1251 -85.4 1800 0.411 176.8 2.57 74.4 0.1658 59.0 0.1122 -89.0 1900 0.430 173.0 2.44 72.3 0.1727 60.1 0.1018 -93.2 2000 0.433 171.4 2.35 70.7 0.1793 61.0 0.0914 -97.8 13 2SC5702 Sparameter (VCE = 3 V, IC = 20 mA, Zo = 50 Ω) S11 S21 S12 S22 f (MHz) MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG MAG ANG 100 0.564 -54.4 32.56 145.1 0.0221 69.2 0.7913 -35.9 200 0.449 -94.6 22.76 123.2 0.0353 60.3 0.5457 -58.3 300 0.408 -119.2 16.50 111.2 0.0448 60.4 0.3871 -71.0 400 0.377 -136.7 12.76 104.4 0.0529 62.0 0.2929 -78.9 500 0.370 -148.4 10.36 99.6 0.0618 64.1 0.2311 -85.4 600 0.360 -157.6 8.71 95.8 0.0707 65.9 0.1861 -91.3 700 0.365 -165.0 7.52 92.7 0.0801 67.5 0.1524 -96.6 800 0.364 -170.4 6.64 90.0 0.0890 68.4 0.1274 -102.7 900 0.366 -176.1 5.87 87.7 0.0991 69.6 0.1061 -110.4 1000 0.370 -179.9 5.33 85.4 0.1081 70.1 0.0893 -117.9 1100 0.373 174.6 4.87 83.7 0.1178 70.6 0.0768 -126.7 1200 0.387 172.5 4.47 81.8 0.1274 71.1 0.0685 -138.6 1300 0.379 168.0 4.16 80.4 0.1375 71.4 0.0630 -150.7 1400 0.409 164.7 3.85 78.9 0.1473 71.7 0.0603 -162.8 1500 0.399 163.4 3.64 77.1 0.1568 71.6 0.0596 -175.0 1600 0.419 159.1 3.43 75.7 0.1667 71.8 0.0631 174.3 1700 0.427 159.5 3.24 73.9 0.1765 71.8 0.0681 166.3 1800 0.427 156.2 3.09 73.2 0.1862 71.3 0.0757 157.4 1900 0.446 154.6 2.93 71.8 0.1963 71.7 0.0829 152.5 2000 0.444 153.5 2.80 70.2 0.2057 71.4 0.0914 146.9 14 2SC5702 Package Dimensions 3-0.2 +0.1 -0.05 0.15 +0.1 —0.05 (0.1) 1.4 – 0.05 0.45 0.45 (0.1) 0.8 – 0.1 0.2 1.2 – 0.05 0.2 Unit: mm 0.6 MAX 0.9 – 0.1 Hitachi Code JEDEC EIAJ Mass (reference value) 15 MFPAK 0.0016 g 2SC5702 Cautions 1. Hitachi neither warrants nor grants licenses of any rights of Hitachi’s or any third party’s patent, copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights for information contained in this document. Hitachi bears no responsibility for problems that may arise with third party’s rights, including intellectual property rights, in connection with use of the information contained in this document. 2. Products and product specifications may be subject to change without notice. Confirm that you have received the latest product standards or specifications before final design, purchase or use. 3. Hitachi makes every attempt to ensure that its products are of high quality and reliability. However, contact Hitachi’s sales office before using the product in an application that demands especially high quality and reliability or where its failure or malfunction may directly threaten human life or cause risk of bodily injury, such as aerospace, aeronautics, nuclear power, combustion control, transportation, traffic, safety equipment or medical equipment for life support. 4. Design your application so that the product is used within the ranges guaranteed by Hitachi particularly for maximum rating, operating supply voltage range, heat radiation characteristics, installation conditions and other characteristics. Hitachi bears no responsibility for failure or damage when used beyond the guaranteed ranges. Even within the guaranteed ranges, consider normally foreseeable failure rates or failure modes in semiconductor devices and employ systemic measures such as failsafes, so that the equipment incorporating Hitachi product does not cause bodily injury, fire or other consequential damage due to operation of the Hitachi product. 5. This product is not designed to be radiation resistant. 6. No one is permitted to reproduce or duplicate, in any form, the whole or part of this document without written approval from Hitachi. 7. Contact Hitachi’s sales office for any questions regarding this document or Hitachi semiconductor products. Hitachi, Ltd. Semiconductor & Integrated Circuits. Nippon Bldg., 2-6-2, Ohte-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan Tel: Tokyo (03) 3270-2111 Fax: (03) 3270-5109 URL NorthAmerica Europe Asia Japan : : : : http://semiconductor.hitachi.com/ http://www.hitachi-eu.com/hel/ecg http://sicapac.hitachi-asia.com http://www.hitachi.co.jp/Sicd/indx.htm For further information write to: Hitachi Semiconductor (America) Inc. 179 East Tasman Drive, San Jose,CA 95134 Tel: <1> (408) 433-1990 Fax: <1>(408) 433-0223 Hitachi Europe Ltd. Electronic Components Group. Whitebrook Park Lower Cookham Road Maidenhead Berkshire SL6 8YA, United Kingdom Tel: <44> (1628) 585000 Fax: <44> (1628) 585200 Hitachi Europe GmbH Electronic Components Group Dornacher Straße 3 D-85622 Feldkirchen, Munich Germany Tel: <49> (89) 9 9180-0 Fax: <49> (89) 9 29 30 00 Hitachi Asia Ltd. Hitachi Tower 16 Collyer Quay #20-00, Singapore 049318 Tel : <65>-538-6533/538-8577 Fax : <65>-538-6933/538-3877 URL : http://www.hitachi.com.sg Hitachi Asia Ltd. (Taipei Branch Office) 4/F, No. 167, Tun Hwa North Road, Hung-Kuo Building, Taipei (105), Taiwan Tel : <886>-(2)-2718-3666 Fax : <886>-(2)-2718-8180 Telex : 23222 HAS-TP URL : http://www.hitachi.com.tw Hitachi Asia (Hong Kong) Ltd. Group III (Electronic Components) 7/F., North Tower, World Finance Centre, Harbour City, Canton Road Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel : <852>-(2)-735-9218 Fax : <852>-(2)-730-0281 URL : http://semiconductor.hitachi.com.hk Copyright © Hitachi, Ltd., 2001. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan. Colophon 3.0 16